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1. A semi-parametric estimation for max-mixture spatial processes

Author

Ahmed, M., Maume-Deschamps, V, Ribereau, P., and Vial, C.

Subjects
Mathematics - Statistics Theory, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

We proposed a semi-parametric estimation procedure in order to estimate the parameters of a max-mixture model and also of a max-stable model (inverse max-stable model) as an alternative to composite likelihood. A good estimation by the proposed estimator required the dependence measure to detect all dependence structures in the model, especially when dealing with the max-mixture model. We overcame this challenge by using the F-madogram. The semi-parametric estimation was then based on a quasi least square method, by minimizing the square difference between the theoretical F-madogram and an empirical one. We evaluated the performance of this estimator through a simulation study. It was shown that on an average, the estimation is performed well, although in some cases, it encountered some difficulties. We apply our estimation procedure to model the daily rainfalls over the East Australia.

Published
2017

4. Multicenter analysis of neutrophil extracellular trap dysregulation in adult and pediatric COVID-19

Author

Carmona-Rivera, C, Zhang, Y, Dobbs, K, Markowitz, T, Dalgard, C, Oler, A, Claybaugh, D, Draper, D, Truong, M, Delmonte, O, Licciardi, F, Ramenghi, U, Crescenzio, N, Imberti, L, Sottini, A, Quaresima, V, Fiorini, C, Discepolo, V, Lo Vecchio, A, Guarino, A, Pierri, L, Catzola, A, Biondi, A, Bonfanti, P, Poli Harlowe, M, Espinosa, Y, Astudillo, C, Rey-Jurado, E, Vial, C, De la Cruz, J, Gonzalez, R, Pinera, C, Mays, J, Ng, A, Platt, A, Drolet, B, Moon, J, Cowen, E, Kenney, H, Weber, S, Castagnoli, R, Magliocco, M, Stack, M, Montealegre Sanchez, G, Barron, K, Fink, D, Kuhns, D, Hewitt, S, Arkin, L, Chertow, D, Su, H, Notarangelo, L, Kaplan, M, Carmona-Rivera, Carmelo, Zhang, Yu, Dobbs, Kerry, Markowitz, Tovah E, Dalgard, Clifton L, Oler, Andrew J, Claybaugh, Dillon R, Draper, Deborah, Truong, Meng, Delmonte, Ottavia M, Licciardi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Crescenzio, Nicoletta, Imberti, Luisa, Sottini, Alessandra, Quaresima, Virginia, Fiorini, Chiara, Discepolo, Valentina, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Guarino, Alfredo, Pierri, Luca, Catzola, Andrea, Biondi, Andrea, Bonfanti, Paolo, Poli Harlowe, Maria Cecilia, Espinosa, Yazmin, Astudillo, Camila A, Rey-Jurado, Emma, Vial, Cecilia, De la Cruz, Javiera, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Pinera, Cecilia, Mays, Jacqueline W, Ng, Ashley, Platt, Andrew, Drolet, Beth A, Moon, John, Cowen, Edward W, Kenney, Heather, Weber, Sarah E, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Magliocco, Mary K, Stack, Michael Austin, Montealegre Sanchez, Gina A, Barron, Karyl, Fink, Danielle L, Kuhns, Douglas B, Hewitt, Stephen M, Arkin, Lisa M, Chertow, Daniel S, Su, Helen C, Notarangelo, Luigi D, Kaplan, Mariana J, Carmona-Rivera, C, Zhang, Y, Dobbs, K, Markowitz, T, Dalgard, C, Oler, A, Claybaugh, D, Draper, D, Truong, M, Delmonte, O, Licciardi, F, Ramenghi, U, Crescenzio, N, Imberti, L, Sottini, A, Quaresima, V, Fiorini, C, Discepolo, V, Lo Vecchio, A, Guarino, A, Pierri, L, Catzola, A, Biondi, A, Bonfanti, P, Poli Harlowe, M, Espinosa, Y, Astudillo, C, Rey-Jurado, E, Vial, C, De la Cruz, J, Gonzalez, R, Pinera, C, Mays, J, Ng, A, Platt, A, Drolet, B, Moon, J, Cowen, E, Kenney, H, Weber, S, Castagnoli, R, Magliocco, M, Stack, M, Montealegre Sanchez, G, Barron, K, Fink, D, Kuhns, D, Hewitt, S, Arkin, L, Chertow, D, Su, H, Notarangelo, L, Kaplan, M, Carmona-Rivera, Carmelo, Zhang, Yu, Dobbs, Kerry, Markowitz, Tovah E, Dalgard, Clifton L, Oler, Andrew J, Claybaugh, Dillon R, Draper, Deborah, Truong, Meng, Delmonte, Ottavia M, Licciardi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Crescenzio, Nicoletta, Imberti, Luisa, Sottini, Alessandra, Quaresima, Virginia, Fiorini, Chiara, Discepolo, Valentina, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Guarino, Alfredo, Pierri, Luca, Catzola, Andrea, Biondi, Andrea, Bonfanti, Paolo, Poli Harlowe, Maria Cecilia, Espinosa, Yazmin, Astudillo, Camila A, Rey-Jurado, Emma, Vial, Cecilia, De la Cruz, Javiera, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Pinera, Cecilia, Mays, Jacqueline W, Ng, Ashley, Platt, Andrew, Drolet, Beth A, Moon, John, Cowen, Edward W, Kenney, Heather, Weber, Sarah E, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Magliocco, Mary K, Stack, Michael Austin, Montealegre Sanchez, Gina A, Barron, Karyl, Fink, Danielle L, Kuhns, Douglas B, Hewitt, Stephen M, Arkin, Lisa M, Chertow, Daniel S, Su, Helen C, Notarangelo, Luigi D, and Kaplan, Mariana J

Abstract

Dysregulation in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and degradation may play a role in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19; however, its role in the pediatric manifestations of this disease, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and chilblain-like lesions (CLLs), otherwise known as "COVID toes,"remains unclear. Studying multinational cohorts, we found that, in CLLs, NETs were significantly increased in serum and skin. There was geographic variability in the prevalence of increased NETs in MIS-C, in association with disease severity. MIS-C and CLL serum samples displayed decreased NET degradation ability, in association with C1q and G-actin or anti-NET antibodies, respectively, but not with genetic variants of DNases. In adult COVID-19, persistent elevations in NETs after disease diagnosis were detected but did not occur in asymptomatic infection. COVID-19-affected adults displayed significant prevalence of impaired NET degradation, in association with anti-DNase1L3, G-actin, and specific disease manifestations, but not with genetic variants of DNases. NETs were detected in many organs of adult patients who died from COVID-19 complications. Infection with the Omicron variant was associated with decreased NET levels when compared with other SARS-CoV-2 strains. These data support a role for NETs in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID-19 in pediatric and adult patients.

Published
2022

5. Immunopathological signatures in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and pediatric COVID-19

Author

Sacco, K, Castagnoli, R, Vakkilainen, S, Liu, C, Delmonte, O, Oguz, C, Kaplan, I, Alehashemi, S, Burbelo, P, Bhuyan, F, de Jesus, A, Dobbs, K, Rosen, L, Cheng, A, Shaw, E, Vakkilainen, M, Pala, F, Lack, J, Zhang, Y, Fink, D, Oikonomou, V, Snow, A, Dalgard, C, Chen, J, Sellers, B, Montealegre Sanchez, G, Barron, K, Rey-Jurado, E, Vial, C, Poli, M, Licari, A, Montagna, D, Marseglia, G, Licciardi, F, Ramenghi, U, Discepolo, V, Lo Vecchio, A, Guarino, A, Eisenstein, E, Imberti, L, Sottini, A, Biondi, A, Mató, S, Gerstbacher, D, Truong, M, Stack, M, Magliocco, M, Bosticardo, M, Kawai, T, Danielson, J, Hulett, T, Askenazi, M, Hu, S, Cohen, J, Su, H, Kuhns, D, Lionakis, M, Snyder, T, Holland, S, Goldbach-Mansky, R, Tsang, J, Notarangelo, L, Sacco, Keith, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Vakkilainen, Svetlana, Liu, Can, Delmonte, Ottavia M, Oguz, Cihan, Kaplan, Ian M, Alehashemi, Sara, Burbelo, Peter D, Bhuyan, Farzana, de Jesus, Adriana A, Dobbs, Kerry, Rosen, Lindsey B, Cheng, Aristine, Shaw, Elana, Vakkilainen, Mikko S, Pala, Francesca, Lack, Justin, Zhang, Yu, Fink, Danielle L, Oikonomou, Vasileios, Snow, Andrew L, Dalgard, Clifton L, Chen, Jinguo, Sellers, Brian A, Montealegre Sanchez, Gina A, Barron, Karyl, Rey-Jurado, Emma, Vial, Cecilia, Poli, Maria Cecilia, Licari, Amelia, Montagna, Daniela, Marseglia, Gian Luigi, Licciardi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Discepolo, Valentina, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Guarino, Alfredo, Eisenstein, Eli M, Imberti, Luisa, Sottini, Alessandra, Biondi, Andrea, Mató, Sayonara, Gerstbacher, Dana, Truong, Meng, Stack, Michael A, Magliocco, Mary, Bosticardo, Marita, Kawai, Tomoki, Danielson, Jeffrey J, Hulett, Tyler, Askenazi, Manor, Hu, Shaohui, Cohen, Jeffrey I, Su, Helen C, Kuhns, Douglas B, Lionakis, Michail S, Snyder, Thomas M, Holland, Steven M, Goldbach-Mansky, Raphaela, Tsang, John S, Notarangelo, Luigi D, Sacco, K, Castagnoli, R, Vakkilainen, S, Liu, C, Delmonte, O, Oguz, C, Kaplan, I, Alehashemi, S, Burbelo, P, Bhuyan, F, de Jesus, A, Dobbs, K, Rosen, L, Cheng, A, Shaw, E, Vakkilainen, M, Pala, F, Lack, J, Zhang, Y, Fink, D, Oikonomou, V, Snow, A, Dalgard, C, Chen, J, Sellers, B, Montealegre Sanchez, G, Barron, K, Rey-Jurado, E, Vial, C, Poli, M, Licari, A, Montagna, D, Marseglia, G, Licciardi, F, Ramenghi, U, Discepolo, V, Lo Vecchio, A, Guarino, A, Eisenstein, E, Imberti, L, Sottini, A, Biondi, A, Mató, S, Gerstbacher, D, Truong, M, Stack, M, Magliocco, M, Bosticardo, M, Kawai, T, Danielson, J, Hulett, T, Askenazi, M, Hu, S, Cohen, J, Su, H, Kuhns, D, Lionakis, M, Snyder, T, Holland, S, Goldbach-Mansky, R, Tsang, J, Notarangelo, L, Sacco, Keith, Castagnoli, Riccardo, Vakkilainen, Svetlana, Liu, Can, Delmonte, Ottavia M, Oguz, Cihan, Kaplan, Ian M, Alehashemi, Sara, Burbelo, Peter D, Bhuyan, Farzana, de Jesus, Adriana A, Dobbs, Kerry, Rosen, Lindsey B, Cheng, Aristine, Shaw, Elana, Vakkilainen, Mikko S, Pala, Francesca, Lack, Justin, Zhang, Yu, Fink, Danielle L, Oikonomou, Vasileios, Snow, Andrew L, Dalgard, Clifton L, Chen, Jinguo, Sellers, Brian A, Montealegre Sanchez, Gina A, Barron, Karyl, Rey-Jurado, Emma, Vial, Cecilia, Poli, Maria Cecilia, Licari, Amelia, Montagna, Daniela, Marseglia, Gian Luigi, Licciardi, Francesco, Ramenghi, Ugo, Discepolo, Valentina, Lo Vecchio, Andrea, Guarino, Alfredo, Eisenstein, Eli M, Imberti, Luisa, Sottini, Alessandra, Biondi, Andrea, Mató, Sayonara, Gerstbacher, Dana, Truong, Meng, Stack, Michael A, Magliocco, Mary, Bosticardo, Marita, Kawai, Tomoki, Danielson, Jeffrey J, Hulett, Tyler, Askenazi, Manor, Hu, Shaohui, Cohen, Jeffrey I, Su, Helen C, Kuhns, Douglas B, Lionakis, Michail S, Snyder, Thomas M, Holland, Steven M, Goldbach-Mansky, Raphaela, Tsang, John S, and Notarangelo, Luigi D

Abstract

Transcriptomic, proteomic and immune repertoire profiling reveals distinct peripheral features of MIS-C and pediatric COVID-19, including elevated soluble spike protein levels, more pronounced type II IFN-dependent gene expression and a higher B cell mutation rate in patients with MIS-C.Pediatric Coronavirus Disease 2019 (pCOVID-19) is rarely severe; however, a minority of children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), with substantial morbidity. In this longitudinal multi-institutional study, we applied multi-omics (analysis of soluble biomarkers, proteomics, single-cell gene expression and immune repertoire analysis) to profile children with COVID-19 (n = 110) and MIS-C (n = 76), along with pediatric healthy controls (pHCs; n = 76). pCOVID-19 was characterized by robust type I interferon (IFN) responses, whereas prominent type II IFN-dependent and NF-kappa B-dependent signatures, matrisome activation and increased levels of circulating spike protein were detected in MIS-C, with no correlation with SARS-CoV-2 PCR status around the time of admission. Transient expansion of TRBV11-2 T cell clonotypes in MIS-C was associated with signatures of inflammation and T cell activation. The association of MIS-C with the combination of HLA A*02, B*35 and C*04 alleles suggests genetic susceptibility. MIS-C B cells showed higher mutation load than pCOVID-19 and pHC. These results identify distinct immunopathological signatures in pCOVID-19 and MIS-C that might help better define the pathophysiology of these disorders and guide therapy.

Published
2022

6. Development of a Model Foamy Viscous Fluid

Author

Vial C. and Narchi I.

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, HD9502-9502.5
Abstract

The objective is to develop a model viscous foamy fluid, i.e. below the very wet limit, the rheological and stability properties of which can be tuned. First, the method used for the preparation of foamy fluids is detailed, including process and formulation. Then, experimental results highlight that stable foamy fluids with a monomodal bubble size distribution can be prepared with a void fraction between 25% and 50% (v/v). Their viscoelastic properties under flow and low-strain oscillatory conditions are shown to result from the interplay between the formulation of the continuous phase, void fraction and bubble size. Their apparent viscosity can be described using the Cross equation and zero-shear Newtonian viscosity may be predicted by a Mooney equation up to a void fraction about 40%. The Cox-Merz and the Laun’s rules apply when the capillary number Ca is lower than 0.1. The upper limit of the zero-shear plateau region decreases when void fraction increases or bubble size decreases. In the shear-thinning region, shear stress varies with Ca1/2, as in wet foams with immobile surfaces. Finally, foamy fluids can be sheared up to Ca about 0.1 without impairing their microstructure. Their stability at rest achieves several hours and increases with void fraction due to compact packing constraints. These constitute, therefore, versatile model fluids to investigate the behaviour of foamy fluids below the very wet limit in process conditions.

Published
2013
Full Text
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7. Factores de riesgo socio-demográficos del síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus

Author

Mario Calvo A., Grazielle Ribeiro E., Gregory J. Mertz, Marcela Ferrés G, Iris Delgado B, Elena Llop R, Raúl Riquelme O, Francisca Valdivieso R., Analia Cuiza V., Pablo A Vial C, Cecilia Vial C., and Gabriela M. Repetto L.

Subjects
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, education, Andes virus, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Disease, Infectious Diseases, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Case fatality rate, Etiology, medicine, Hantavirus Infection, business, Hantavirus
Abstract

Background: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is caused by new world hantaviruses, among which Andes hantavirus (ANDV) is endemic to Chile and Southern Argentina. The disease caused by ANDV produces plasma leakage leading to enhanced vascular permeability and has a high case fatality rate (35%), mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary edema and myocardial dysfunction, hypoperfusion and shock. Host sociodemographic and genetic factors might influence the course and outcome of the disease. Yet, they have not been thoroughly characterized. Aim: To evaluate sociodemographic factors as risk factors in severity of HCPS. Patients and Methods: Study period: 2004-20013, attending in eight collaborative centers, etiological diagnosis was performed by serology or molecular biology, mild and severe HCPS were compared.139 Chilean patients were analyzed, 64 (46%) with severe disease among which 12 (19 %) died. Results: European ethnicity had 5,1 times higher risk than Amerindian ethnic group to develop a severe HCPS, greater seriousness that was also associated with an urban residence. Conclusion: It was observed that ethnicity and type of residence were significant risk factors for HCPS severity. Hypotheses explaining these findings are discussed.

Published
2019

8. ULTRASONOGRAFIA DOPPLER COLOR EN EL DIAGNOSTICO DE MONONUCLEOSIS INFECCIOSA EN EL NIÑO

Author

Cristián García B, Roberto Oyanedel Q, Marcela Ferrés G, Dimitri Parra R, Rodrigo Parra R, Katia Abarca V, Pablo Vial C, TMs. Cecilia Weldt D, and Moira Egger P

Subjects
Mononucleosis infecciosa, Síndrome mononucleósico, US Doppler color, Virus Epstein-Barr, Color-Doppler ultrasonography, Infectious mononucleosis, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

La mononucleosis infecciosa (MNI) es una enfermedad frecuente que afecta a niños y adolescentes y es causada por el virus Epstein-Barr. En la mayor parte de los casos (80%) se presenta como un cuadro agudo, caracterizado por fiebre, faringoamigdalitis y linfoadenopatías (forma anginosa). Con menor frecuencia, puede presentarse con poliadenopatías asociadas a fiebre baja y faringitis leve. La ultrasonografía (US) Doppler color ha demostrado ser de utilidad en el estudio de adenopatías en el niño y puede ser de utilidad en el diagnóstico de MNI. Objetivos: Describir los hallazgos de la US Doppler color en la MNI. Pacientes y Método: Se revisó en forma retrospectiva los antecedentes clínicos y estudios por imágenes de 10 niños con diagnóstico confirmado de MNI y en quienes se efectuó US como parte de su estudio. Resultados: El estudio US Doppler color de las adenopatías cervicales mostró hallazgos relativa-mente constantes en todos los pacientes: adenopatías bilaterales múltiples, ovaladas o semi-rredondeadas, con una razón largo-ancho < 2, hiper o isoecogénicas con respecto al músculo, sin necrosis o alteración de estructuras vecinas. Mostró además aumento de flujo vascular en todas las adenopatías. En los cuatro pacientes con US abdominal, se encontró hepatoesplenomegalia (3 pacientes) o esplenomegalia (1 paciente). En dos pacientes, el bazo mostraba un aspecto reticular y nodular fino, que podría ser secundario a la hiperplasia linfática reactiva, con compromiso fundamentalmente de la pulpa blanca, que ha sido descrita en el estudio histológico del bazo en pacientes con esta patología(9). Conclusiones: La MNI es una enferme-dad frecuente en el niño y en la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico se sospecha clínicamente y se confirma con el estudio serológico específico. La US Doppler color muestra un aspecto relativamente constante en el estudio de las adenopatías periféricas en esta enfermedad y puede ser de utilidad en el diagnósticoInfectious mononucleosis is a common disease in children and in most cases, the diagnosis can be suspected with clinical findings alone and confirmed with serologic study. However, in some patients, clinical pesentation can be atypical. When presented with poliadenopahy, high-resolution color-Doppler ultrasonography (US) could be helpful in the differential diagnosis. We present the US characteristics of 10 children who presented with lymphadenopathy and had infectious mononucleosis, confirmed by serologic study. US findings were relatively constant in all patients. When sonographic findings are correlated with clinical and laboratory findings , a correct diagnosis can be suspected

Published
2004

9. INTEREST IN CD2, a global patient-centred study of long-term cervical dystonia treatment with botulinum toxin

Author

Misra, Vijay P., Colosimo, Carlo, Charles, David, Chung, Tae Mo, Maisonobe, Pascal, Om, Savary, Abdulnayef, A., Adatepe, N. U., Araujo Leite, M. A., Badarny, S., Bajenaru, O., Bares, M., Bejjani, P., Bergmans, B., Bhidayasiri, R., Bozic, H., Cardoso Costa, F. E., Carlstrom, C., Castelnovo, G., Chang, M. H., Chang, Y. Y., Coletti-Moja, M., Delvaux, V., Dioszhegy, P., Dogu, O., Duzynski, W., Ehler, E., Espinosa Sierra, L., Fabbrini, G., Ferreira, J., Ferreira Valadas, A., Foresti, C., Girlanda, P., Goh, K. J., Graca Velon, A., Grill, S., Gurevitch, T., Hadidi, M., Hamimed, M. A., Hamri, A., Harrower, T., Hassin, S., Hedera, P., Hernandez, J. F. J. G., Hernandez Franco, J., Ho, B., Ho, S. L., Hughes, A., Ilic, T., Inshasi, J. S., Ip, C. W., Jamieson, S., Jamora, R. D. G., Jech, R., Jeon, B. S., Kaminska, A., Karpova, M., Khasanova, D., Kim, J. M., Kim, J. W., Kok, C. Y., Korenko, A., Korv, J., Koussa, S., Kovacs, T., Kreisler, A., Krystkowiak, P., Kumthornthip, W., Lin, C. H., Lundin, F., Lus, G., Magalhaes, M., Masmoudi, A. N., Mercelis, R., Misbahuddin, A., Moebius, C., Mohammadi, B., Nazem, B., Ng, K., Nurlu, G., Nyberg, J., Nyholm, D., Ochudlo, S., Otruba, P., Pfister, R., Pirtosek, Z., Pokhabov, D., Quinones Aguilar, S., Quinones Canales, G., Raghev, S., Rickmann, H., Romano, M., Rosales, R. L., Rubanovits, I., Santilli, V., Schoels, L., Simonetta-Moreau, M., Simu, M. A., Sohn, Y. H., Soulayrol, S., Supe, I., Svetel, M., Sycha, T., Tan, E. K., Timerbaeva, S., Tokcaer, A. B., Trosch, R., Tugnoli, V., Tumas, V., van der Linden, C., Vetra, A., Vial, C., Vidry, E., Williams, D., Wimalaratna, S., Yiannikas, C., Misra, Vijay P., Colosimo, Carlo, Charles, David, Chung, Tae Mo, Maisonobe, Pascal, Om, Savary, Abdulnayef, A., Adatepe, N. U., Araujo Leite, M. A., Badarny, S., Bajenaru, O., Bares, M., Bejjani, P., Bergmans, B., Bhidayasiri, R., Bozic, H., Cardoso Costa, F. E., Carlstrom, C., Castelnovo, G., Chang, M. H., Chang, Y. Y., Coletti-Moja, M., Delvaux, V., Dioszhegy, P., Dogu, O., Duzynski, W., Ehler, E., Espinosa Sierra, L., Fabbrini, G., Ferreira, J., Ferreira Valadas, A., Foresti, C., Girlanda, P., Goh, K. J., Graca Velon, A., Grill, S., Gurevitch, T., Hadidi, M., Hamimed, M. A., Hamri, A., Harrower, T., Hassin, S., Hedera, P., Hernandez, J. F. J. G., Hernandez Franco, J., Ho, B., Ho, S. L., Hughes, A., Ilic, T., Inshasi, J. S., Ip, C. W., Jamieson, S., Jamora, R. D. G., Jech, R., Jeon, B. S., Kaminska, A., Karpova, M., Khasanova, D., Kim, J. M., Kim, J. W., Kok, C. Y., Korenko, A., Korv, J., Koussa, S., Kovacs, T., Kreisler, A., Krystkowiak, P., Kumthornthip, W., Lin, C. H., Lundin, F., Lus, G., Magalhaes, M., Masmoudi, A. N., Mercelis, R., Misbahuddin, A., Moebius, C., Mohammadi, B., Nazem, B., Ng, K., Nurlu, G., Nyberg, J., Nyholm, D., Ochudlo, S., Otruba, P., Pfister, R., Pirtosek, Z., Pokhabov, D., Quinones Aguilar, S., Quinones Canales, G., Raghev, S., Rickmann, H., Romano, M., Rosales, R. L., Rubanovits, I., Santilli, V., Schoels, L., Simonetta-Moreau, M., Simu, M. A., Sohn, Y. H., Soulayrol, S., Supe, I., Svetel, M., Sycha, T., Tan, E. K., Timerbaeva, S., Tokcaer, A. B., Trosch, R., Tugnoli, V., Tumas, V., van der Linden, C., Vetra, A., Vial, C., Vidry, E., Williams, D., Wimalaratna, S., and Yiannikas, C.

Subjects
Male, Neurology, SATISFACTION, International Cooperation, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Botulinum toxin, Observational study, Tremor, Epidemiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cervical dystonia, Botulinum Toxins, Type A, Torticollis, Neuroradiology, BLEPHAROSPASM, education.field_of_study, Original Communication, INTEREST IN CD2 study group, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Neuromuscular Agents, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Clinical Neurology, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient satisfaction, Neurology (clinical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Electromyography, GUIDANCE, business.industry, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, NEUROTOXIN, REGISTRY, UPDATE, Neurosciences & Neurology, 1109 Neurosciences, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Longitudinal cohort studies provide important information about the clinical effectiveness of an intervention in the routine clinical setting, and are an opportunity to understand how a population presents for treatment and is managed. Methods INTEREST IN CD2 (NCT01753349) is a prospective, international, 3-year, longitudinal, observational study following the course of adult idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A). The primary objective is to document long-term patient satisfaction with BoNT-A treatment. Here we report baseline data. Results This analysis includes 1036 subjects (67.4% of subjects were female; mean age was 54.7 years old; mean TWSTRS Total score was 31.7). BoNT-A injections were usually given in line with BoNT-A prescribing information. The most commonly injected muscles were splenius capitis (87.3%), sternocleidomastoid (82.6%), trapezius (64.3%), levator scapulae (40.9%) and semispinalis capitis (26.9%); 35.5% of subjects were injected using a guidance technique. Most subjects (87.8%) had been previously treated with BoNT-A (median interval between last pre-study injection and study baseline was 4 months); of these 84.8% reported satisfaction with BoNT-A treatment at peak effect during their previous treatment cycle and 51.5% remained satisfied at the end of the treatment. Analyses by geographical region revealed heterogeneity in the clinical characteristics and BoNT-A injection practice of CD subjects presenting for routine treatment. Conclusions These baseline analyses provide sizeable data regarding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of CD, and demonstrate an international heterogeneity of clinical practice. Future longitudinal analyses of the full 3-year study will explore how these factors impact treatment satisfaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00415-017-8698-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2017

10. Proposer du cheval au restaurant pour développer la demande

Author

Vial, C., Arnaud Lamy, Sandrine Costa, Maxime Sebbane, Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Paul Bocuse, Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SCHLEICH, Jean-Walter, Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
viande, offre, sociologie, [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, France, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, marché, cheval de boucherie, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Abstract

National audience; Dans le contexte actuel de baisse continue de la consommation de viande chevaline en France, ces recherches s’intéressent aux freins et leviers mobilisables pour développer ce marché. Elles s’appuient sur une revue de littérature, le traitement de base de données préexistantes et des enquêtes qualitatives et quantitatives auprès du grand public et de chefs cuisiniers. Le premier levier identifié est lié à la visibilité et disponibilité de l’offre, afin d’accroitre la fréquence d’achat des consommateurs actuels. Un second levier s’appuie sur les caractéristiques de la viande de cheval qui peuvent lui permettre de répondre aux enjeux actuels de durabilité de de l’alimentation. Enfin, parmi les Français non-consommateurs de viande chevaline, 15% seraient prêts à consommer de la viande chevaline s’ils en avaient l’occasion, majoritairement chez des proches ou au restaurant. Développer la présence de viande chevaline en restauration commerciale apparait donc comme un moyen pertinent de familiariser de nouveaux consommateurs potentiels à ce produit. Ceci implique de pallier le manque de connaissances des chefs cuisiniers envers ce produit et le manque d’un répertoire de recettes.

Published
2021

14. Comparing Landsmót 2016 with other equestrian events: the case of the Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games™ 2014 in Normandy

Author

Vial, C., Barget, Eric, Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Pôle développement innovation et recherche, Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Centre de Droit et d'Economie du Sport (CDES), Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Katherine Dashper, Guðrún Helgadóttir, Ingibjörg Sigurðardóttir, Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SCHLEICH, Jean-Walter, and Katherine Dashper, Guðrún Helgadóttir, Ingibjörg Sigurðardóttir

Subjects
economic impact, tourist attractions, spectator events, social impact, horse riding, comparisons, regional development, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, sustainability, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, environmental impact
Abstract

International audience; This chapter aims to present the methodology and main results of a research focusing on the short-term economic, social and environmental impacts, as well as the long-term legacy of the Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games™ 2014 in Normandy (2014 WEG). Then it compares this event with Landsmót 2016, underlying that they have a lot in common behind their apparent differences. Finally, it can be concluded that equestrian events have various impacts for local areas that host them and participate in regional development. In order to optimize that, actions have to be implemented with sustainability in mind, taking into account economic, social and environmental aspects.

Published
2021

15. ODEFI pour connaître les atouts verts des équidés en Europe !

Author

Rzekęć, Agata, Vial, C., SCHLEICH, Jean-Walter, Institut Français du Cheval et de L'équitation (IFCE), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Europe, [SDV.SA.AEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, [SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, banque de données, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, environnement, politique agricole
Abstract

National audience; Les équidés, de par leur nature et leur place au sein de la société, ont un rôle à jouer dans le contexte de prise de conscience écologique actuel. Ils sont présentés dans ce projet comme acteurs multifonctionnels, rendant des services environnementaux. Ces derniers sont nommés « atouts verts ». Afin de centraliser les données disponibles à ce sujet au sein des différents pays Européens, l’outil ODEFI (Outil de collecte de Données Environnementales des Filières équines Internationales) a été développé. Il donne lieu à une base de données permettant d’améliorer notre connaissance sur les atouts verts des filières équines européennes. En 2020-2021, huit pays ont été enquêtés (France, Belgique, Suède, Croatie, Pologne, Slovénie, Roumanie et Allemagne) au travers de 58 indicateurs.Une grande hétérogénéité entre pays apparait concernant la disponibilité des données. Néanmoins, une première typologie peut être dessinée avec trois groupes de pays : (1) le cheval, outil agricole en élevage extensif ; (2) le cheval sportif ou de loisir, associé à un regain d’intérêt pour sa force motrice ; (3) un intermédiaire entre les deux situations précédentes. La collecte se poursuit auprès d’autres pays afin d’affiner les résultats et de dresser un panorama des atouts verts européens le plus complet possible.

Published
2021

18. Factores de riesgo socio-demográficos del síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus

Author

Vial C.,Cecilia, Valdivieso R.,Francisca, Cuiza V.,Analía, Delgado B.,Iris, Ribeiro E.,Grazielle, Llop R.,Elena, Ferrés G.,Marcela, Repetto L.,Gabriela M., Riquelme O.,Raúl, Rioseco Z.,M. Luisa, Calvo A.,Mario, Mertz,Gregory, and Vial C.,Pablo A.

Subjects
susceptibilidad étnica, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus, infección por hantavirus, hantavirus Andes, Hantavirus
Abstract

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus (SCPH) es causado en Chile y en el sur de Argentina por el Andes hantavirus (ANDV), el que es endémico en esta zona. La enfermedad causada por ANDV produce un aumento de permeabilidad vascular y filtración de plasma con una alta tasa de letalidad (35%), debido principalmente a insuficiencia respiratoria por edema pulmonar y al desarrollo en los casos graves de compromiso miocárdico, hipoperfusión y shock. Aunque se sabe que los factores socio-demográficos del hospedero pueden influir en el curso y el resultado de la enfermedad, estos no se han caracterizado previamente en la población chilena. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre los factores socio-demográficos y la gravedad del SCPH. Pacientes y Métodos: Período de análisis 2004-20013, pacientes atendidos en ocho centros colaboradores, diagnóstico etiológico serológico o por biología molecular, se comparan SCPH leve y grave. Se analizaron 139 pacientes chilenos, 64 (46%) con enfermedad grave, entre los cuales 12 murieron (19%). Resultados: La etnia europea tuvo un riesgo 5,1 veces mayor de desarrollar un SCPH grave que la etnia amerindia, gravedad mayor que también se asoció a una residencia urbana. Conclusiones: Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre etnia, lugar de residencia y evolución de SCPH. Se discuten hipótesis que expliquen estos hallazgos.

Published
2019

19. Factores de riesgo socio-demográficos del síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus

Author

Vial C., Cecilia, Valdivieso R., Francisca, Cuiza V., Analía, Delgado B., Iris, Ribeiro E., Grazielle, Llop R., Elena, Ferrés G., Marcela, Repetto L., Gabriela M., Riquelme O., Raúl, Rioseco Z., M. Luisa, Calvo A., Mario, Mertz, Gregory, and Vial C., Pablo A.

Subjects
susceptibilidad étnica, hantavirus infection, Andes hantavirus, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus, ethnic susceptibility, infección por hantavirus, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, hantavirus Andes, Hantavirus
Abstract

Resumen Introducción: El síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus (SCPH) es causado en Chile y en el sur de Argentina por el Andes hantavirus (ANDV), el que es endémico en esta zona. La enfermedad causada por ANDV produce un aumento de permeabilidad vascular y filtración de plasma con una alta tasa de letalidad (35%), debido principalmente a insuficiencia respiratoria por edema pulmonar y al desarrollo en los casos graves de compromiso miocárdico, hipoperfusión y shock. Aunque se sabe que los factores socio-demográficos del hospedero pueden influir en el curso y el resultado de la enfermedad, estos no se han caracterizado previamente en la población chilena. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre los factores socio-demográficos y la gravedad del SCPH. Pacientes y Métodos: Período de análisis 2004-20013, pacientes atendidos en ocho centros colaboradores, diagnóstico etiológico serológico o por biología molecular, se comparan SCPH leve y grave. Se analizaron 139 pacientes chilenos, 64 (46%) con enfermedad grave, entre los cuales 12 murieron (19%). Resultados: La etnia europea tuvo un riesgo 5,1 veces mayor de desarrollar un SCPH grave que la etnia amerindia, gravedad mayor que también se asoció a una residencia urbana. Conclusiones: Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre etnia, lugar de residencia y evolución de SCPH. Se discuten hipótesis que expliquen estos hallazgos. Background: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is caused by new world hantaviruses, among which Andes hantavirus (ANDV) is endemic to Chile and Southern Argentina. The disease caused by ANDV produces plasma leakage leading to enhanced vascular permeability and has a high case fatality rate (35%), mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary edema and myocardial dysfunction, hypoperfusion and shock. Host sociodemographic and genetic factors might influence the course and outcome of the disease. Yet, they have not been thoroughly characterized. Aim: To evaluate sociodemographic factors as risk factors in severity of HCPS. Patients and Methods: Study period: 2004-20013, attending in eight collaborative centers, etiological diagnosis was performed by serology or molecular biology, mild and severe HCPS were compared.139 Chilean patients were analyzed, 64 (46%) with severe disease among which 12 (19 %) died. Results: European ethnicity had 5,1 times higher risk than Amerindian ethnic group to develop a severe HCPS, greater seriousness that was also associated with an urban residence. Conclusion: It was observed that ethnicity and type of residence were significant risk factors for HCPS severity. Hypotheses explaining these findings are discussed.

Published
2019

20. [Sociodemographic risk factors of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome]

Author

Cecilia, Vial C, Francisca, Valdivieso R, Analía, Cuiza V, Iris, Delgado B, Grazielle, Ribeiro E, Elena, Llop R, Marcela, Ferrés G, Gabriela M, Repetto L, Raúl, Riquelme O, M Luisa, Rioseco Z, Mario, Calvo A, Gregory, Mertz, and Pablo A, Vial C

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, Socioeconomic Factors, Risk Factors, Humans, Female, Chile, Child, Aged
Abstract

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is caused by new world hantaviruses, among which Andes hantavirus (ANDV) is endemic to Chile and Southern Argentina. The disease caused by ANDV produces plasma leakage leading to enhanced vascular permeability and has a high case fatality rate (35%), mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary edema and myocardial dysfunction, hypoperfusion and shock. Host sociodemographic and genetic factors might influence the course and outcome of the disease. Yet, they have not been thoroughly characterized.To evaluate sociodemographic factors as risk factors in severity of HCPS.Study period: 2004-20013, attending in eight collaborative centers, etiological diagnosis was performed by serology or molecular biology, mild and severe HCPS were compared.139 Chilean patients were analyzed, 64 (46%) with severe disease among which 12 (19 %) died.European ethnicity had 5,1 times higher risk than Amerindian ethnic group to develop a severe HCPS, greater seriousness that was also associated with an urban residence.It was observed that ethnicity and type of residence were significant risk factors for HCPS severity. Hypotheses explaining these findings are discussed.

Published
2019

24. Reduced vas deferens contraction and male infertility in mice lacking P2X1 receptors

Author

Mulryan, K., Gitterman, D. P., Lewis, C. J., Vial, C., Leckie, B. J., Cobb, A. L., Brown, J. E., Conley, E. C., Buell, G., Pritchard, C. A., and Evans, R. J.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): K. Mulryan [1]; D. P. Gitterman [1]; C. J. Lewis [1]; C. Vial [1]; B. J. Leckie [2]; A. L. Cobb [3]; J. E. Brown [3]; E. C. Conley [...]

Published
2000
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27. How satisfied are cervical dystonia patients after 3 years of botulinum toxin type A treatment? Results from a prospective, long-term observational study

Author

Colosimo, C, Charles, D, Misra, VP, Maisonobe, P, Om, S, Abdulnayef, A, Adatepe, NU, Leite, AMA, Badarny, S, Bajenaru, O, Bares, M, Bejjani, P, Bergmans, B, Bhidayasiri, R, Bozic, H, Costa, CFE, Carlstrom, C, Castelnovo, G, Chang, MH, Chang, YY, Chung, TM, Coletti-Moja, M, Delvaux, V, Dioszhegy, P, Dogu, O, Duzynski, W, Ehler, E, Sierra, EL, Fabbrini, G, Ferreira, J, Valadas, FA, Foresti, C, Girlanda, P, Goh, KJ, Velon, GA, Grill, S, Gurevitch, T, Hadidi, M, Hamimed, MA, Hamri, A, Harrower, T, Hassin, S, Hedera, P, Hernandez, JFJG, Franco, HJ, Ho, B, Ho, SL, Hughes, A, Ilic, T, Inshasi, JS, Ip, CW, Jamieson, S, Jamora, RDG, Jech, R, Jeon, BS, Kaminska, A, Karpova, M, Khasanova, D, Kim, JM, Kim, JW, Kok, CY, Korenko, A, Korv, J, Koussa, S, Kovacs, T, Kreisler, A, Krystkowiak, P, Kumthornthip, W, Lin, CH, Lundin, F, Lus, G, Magalhaes, M, Masmoudi, AN, Mercelis, R, Misbahuddin, A, Moebius, C, Mohammadi, B, Nazem, B, Ng, K, Nurlu, G, Nyberg, J, Nyholm, D, Ochudlo, S, Otruba, P, Pfister, R, Pirtosek, Z, Pokhabov, D, Aguilar, QS, Canales, QG, Raghev, S, Rickmann, H, Romano, M, Rosales, RL, Rubanovits, I, Santilli, V, Schoels, L, Simonetta-Moreau, M, Ma, S, Sohn, YH, Soulayrol, S, Supe, I, Svetel, M, Sycha, T, Tan, EK, Timerbaeva, S, Tokcaer, AB, Trosch, R, Tugnoli, V, Tumas, V, Van der Linden, C, Vetra, A, Vial, C, Vidry, E, Williams, D, Wimalaratna, S, and Yiannikas, C

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, Neurology, SATISFACTION, Botulinum toxin, Cervical dystonia, Observational study, Satisfaction, Treatment, 0302 clinical medicine, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Prospective Studies, Botulinum Toxins, Type A, Torticollis, Neuroradiology, BLEPHAROSPASM, INTEREST IN CD2 study group, Middle Aged, Neuromuscular Agents, Patient Satisfaction, SAFETY, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MEDLINE, Clinical Neurology, Treatment results, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Aged, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Correction, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, EFFICACY, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, business, FOLLOW-UP, 1109 Neurosciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Botulinum toxin type
Abstract

Background Patients with cervical dystonia (CD) typically require regular injections of botulinum toxin to maintain symptomatic control. We aimed to document long-term patient satisfaction with CD symptom control in a large cohort of patients treated in routine practice. Methods This was a prospective, international, observational study (NCT01753349) following the course of adult CD treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) over 3 years. A comprehensive clinical assessment status was performed at each injection visit and subjects reported satisfaction in two ways: satisfaction with symptom control at peak effect and at the end of treatment cycle. Results Subject satisfaction remained relatively stable from the first to the last injection visit. At 3 years, 89.9% of subjects reported satisfaction with symptom control at peak effect and 55.6% reported satisfaction with symptom control at end of treatment cycle. By contrast, objective ratings of CD severity showed an overall reduction over 3 years. Mean ± SD Toronto Western Spasmodic Rating Scale (TWSTRS) Total scores (clinician assessed at end of treatment cycle) decreased from 31.59 ± 13.04 at baseline to 24.49 ± 12.43 at 3 years (mean ± SD reduction from baseline of − 6.97 ± 11.56 points). Tsui scale scores also showed gradual improvement; the percent of subjects with a tremor component score of 4 reduced from 12.4% at baseline to 8.1% at 3 years. Conclusions Despite objective clinical improvements over 3 years, subject satisfaction with symptom control remained relatively constant, indicating that factors other than symptom control also play a role in patient satisfaction.

Published
2019

34. CHRONIQUE

Author

Vial, C., Le Bohec, Yann, Barral I Altet, Xavier, Iogna-Prat, Dominique, Parisse, Michel, Picard, Jean-Charles, and Zimmermann, Michel

Published
1988

35. Removal of manganese (II) from drinking water by aeration process using an airlift reactor

Author

Experimentació, Computació i Modelització en Mecànica de Fluids i Turbulència, Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Stiriba, Y.; Kouzour, S.; El Azher, N.; Gourich, B.; Gros, F.; Vial, C., Experimentació, Computació i Modelització en Mecànica de Fluids i Turbulència, Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Stiriba, Y.; Kouzour, S.; El Azher, N.; Gourich, B.; Gros, F.; Vial, C.

Abstract

Removal of manganese (II) from drinking water by aeration process using an airlift reactor, DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.01.010 URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214714416303464 Filiació URV: SI Memòria, The objective of this study is the removal of soluble manganese Mn(II) from drinking water by aeration process in order to oxidize it into insoluble manganese dioxide MnO2 using a Split-Rectangular Airlift Reactor (SRAR). The description of the global hydrodynamics, liquid mixing and gas-liquid mass transfer properties of the SRAR were presented in previous works and were compared to data and correlations in the literature. The effects of operating conditions were investigated, including initial pH, Mn(II) concentrations and amount of MnO2 particles. The major findings are that the oxidation of Mn(II) corresponds to a kinetically-slow reaction that is strongly pH-dependent. The kinetic data show an autocatalytic behaviour due to the oxidation of Mn(II) on the MnO2 surface, which allows the conversion to go to completion. This behaviour is confirmed by the addition of MnO2 fine particles that increase drastically the reaction rate. At high initial Mn(IV) concentrations, the kinetic law was shown to be pseudo-first order in Mn(II), with an apparent kinetic constant depending on the initial amount of Mn(IV) compounds. This constant was fitted by a linear model as a function of Mn(IV) concentration. This model was shown to be in good agreement with experimental data. Comparing with other techniques, aeration is an efficient process because it gives us a removal efficiency of 90% in less than 40 min at pH 9.5 and initial soluble Mn(II) and insoluble Mn(IV) concentrations between 5 and 20 and 0–500 mg/L, respectively, while avoiding the drawbacks of strong oxidizers and biological oxidation processes. A model able to predict quantitatively Mn removal as a function of pH, initial Mn(II) and initial Mn(IV) concentrations is also developed.

Published
2017

36. The Motive of the Hilbert Cube X[3]

Author

Shen, M., Vial, C., Faculty of Science, and KdV Other Research (FNWI)

Subjects
Mathematics::Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology
Abstract

The Hilbert scheme X[3] of length-3 subschemes of a smooth projective variety X is known to be smooth and projective. We investigate whether the property of having a multiplicative Chow–Künneth decomposition is stable under taking the Hilbert cube. This is achieved by considering an explicit resolution of the rational map X3⇢X[3]. The case of the Hilbert square was taken care of in Shen and Vial [Mem. Amer. Math. Soc.240(1139) (2016), vii+163 pp]. The archetypical examples of varieties endowed with a multiplicative Chow–Künneth decomposition is given by abelian varieties. Recent work seems to suggest that hyperKähler varieties share the same property. Roughly, if a smooth projective variety X has a multiplicative Chow–Künneth decomposition, then the Chow rings of its powers Xn have a filtration, which is the expected Bloch–Beilinson filtration, that is split.

Published
2016

37. Etiología de la neumonía en pacientes chilenos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

Author

Carlos Pérez C, Jaime Labarca L, Pablo Vial C, Mario Calvo A, Rodrigo Moreno B, Guillermo Acuña L, Patricia García C, Pablo Gaete G, Marisol Bustos M, and Teresa Beroíza W

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract

Objetivos: Establecer la etiologia de la neumonia y comparar el rendimiento de diferentes tecnicas para el diagnostico de las infecciones por Pneumocystis jiroveci y Mycobacterium tuberculosis en pacientes con infeccion por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Material y Metodos: De cada paciente se obtuvo esputo inducido y se efectuo LBA. A las muestras obtenidas se les realizo tinciones de Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen, plata e inmunofluores-cencia (IF) para P. jiroveci y M. tuberculosis; reaccion de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) para ambos microorganismos; cultivos aerobicos, fungicos, para micobacterias, virus respiratorios y citomegalovirus. Tambien se realizo determinacion de IgM de Mycoplasma pneumoniae y Chlamydophyla pneumoniae y antigeno urinario de Legionella pneumophila. Resultados: Se incluyeron 60 pacientes, lograndose diagnostico etiologico en 97% de los casos. Pneumocystis jiroveci fue la etiologia mas frecuente (58%), seguida por Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%) y Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (12%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis fue encontrado en 5%. Conclusiones: La comparacion de los metodos diagnosticos para P. jiroveci mostro una mayor sensibilidad de la IF y tincion de plata en LBA que en esputo; sin embargo, la RPC fue igualmente sensible en ambos tipos de muestras. Con esta estrategia se logro establecer etiologia en la gran mayoria de los pacientes. La etiologia mas comun fue P. jiroveci. IF en LBA sigue siendo el estandar para el diagnostico de la neumonia por P. jiroveci.

Published
2011

39. ULTRASONOGRAFIA DOPPLER COLOR EN EL DIAGNOSTICO DE MONONUCLEOSIS INFECCIOSA EN EL NIÑO

Author

Cristián García B, Roberto Oyanedel Q, Marcela Ferrés G, Dimitri Parra R, Rodrigo Parra R, Katia Abarca V, Pablo Vial C, TMs. Cecilia Weldt D, and Moira Egger P

Subjects
color-doppler ultrasonography, infectious mononucleosis, virus epstein-barr, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

La mononucleosis infecciosa (MNI) es una enfermedad frecuente que afecta a niños y adolescentes y es causada por el virus Epstein-Barr. En la mayor parte de los casos (80%) se presenta como un cuadro agudo, caracterizado por fiebre, faringoamigdalitis y linfoadenopatías (forma anginosa). Con menor frecuencia, puede presentarse con poliadenopatías asociadas a fiebre baja y faringitis leve. La ultrasonografía (US) Doppler color ha demostrado ser de utilidad en el estudio de adenopatías en el niño y puede ser de utilidad en el diagnóstico de MNI. Objetivos: Describir los hallazgos de la US Doppler color en la MNI. Pacientes y Método: Se revisó en forma retrospectiva los antecedentes clínicos y estudios por imágenes de 10 niños con diagnóstico confirmado de MNI y en quienes se efectuó US como parte de su estudio. Resultados: El estudio US Doppler color de las adenopatías cervicales mostró hallazgos relativa-mente constantes en todos los pacientes: adenopatías bilaterales múltiples, ovaladas o semi-rredondeadas, con una razón largo-ancho < 2, hiper o isoecogénicas con respecto al músculo, sin necrosis o alteración de estructuras vecinas. Mostró además aumento de flujo vascular en todas las adenopatías. En los cuatro pacientes con US abdominal, se encontró hepatoesplenomegalia (3 pacientes) o esplenomegalia (1 paciente). En dos pacientes, el bazo mostraba un aspecto reticular y nodular fino, que podría ser secundario a la hiperplasia linfática reactiva, con compromiso fundamentalmente de la pulpa blanca, que ha sido descrita en el estudio histológico del bazo en pacientes con esta patología(9). Conclusiones: La MNI es una enferme-dad frecuente en el niño y en la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico se sospecha clínicamente y se confirma con el estudio serológico específico. La US Doppler color muestra un aspecto relativamente constante en el estudio de las adenopatías periféricas en esta enfermedad y puede ser de utilidad en el diagnóstico

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40. Viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia among adults admitted to a general hospital

Author

Rioseco Z, M. Luisa, Riquelme O, Raúl, Riquelme O, Mauricio, Inzunza P, Carlos, Oyarzún G, Paola, Agüero O, Yasna, Ferrés G, Marcela, Vial C, Pablo, Fasce P, Rodrigo, and Torres M, Antoni

Subjects
Hanta virus, viruses, bacterial, Pneumonia, viral
Abstract

Background: There is paucity of information about viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults. Aim: To investigate the viral etiology of pneumonia among hospitalized patients. Material and Methods: All adults with pneumonia that were hospitalized were prospectively enrolled at Puerto Montt hospital. A microbiological and viral assessment was carried out. Viral assessment included direct immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal aspirates for influenza A and B virus and serum samples obtained during the acute phase of the disease and during convalescence for Hanta virus. Results: Between April 1 2005 and March 31 2006,159 adults aged 62 ± 20 years (58 % males), were admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. Mean hospital stay was 11.9 ± 8.6 days. Four patients had Hantavirus acute infection. Other viruses were identified in twelve patients (7.7%). Nine had influenza A, one syncytial respiratory virus, one syncytial and influenza A virus and one varicella zoster virus. Excluding patients with Hantavirus, no significant differences in age, clinical presentation, chest X ray findings, laboratory results and mortality were observed between patients with bacterial or viral etiology of the pneumonia. Conclusions: Viral etiology was confirmed in 10% of adult patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia.

Published
2012

41. Etiología viral en la neumonía del adulto adquirida en la comunidad en un hospital del sur de Chile

Author

M. Luisa Rioseco Z, Raúl Riquelme O, Mauricio Riquelme O, Carlos Inzunza P, Paola Oyarzún G, Yasna Agüero O, Marcela Ferrés G, Pablo Vial C, Rodrigo Fasce P, and Antoni Torres M

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hanta virus, business.industry, Convalescence, media_common.quotation_subject, viruses, Varicella zoster virus, General Medicine, Disease, Pneumonia, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Virology, Virus, Community-acquired pneumonia, Internal medicine, Influenza A virus, Medicine, bacterial, business, media_common, Hantavirus, viral
Abstract

Background There is paucity of information about viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults. Aim To investigate the viral etiology of pneumonia among hospitalized patients. Material and methods All adults with pneumonia that were hospitalized were prospectively enrolled at Puerto Montt hospital. A microbiological and viral assessment was carried out. Viral assessment included direct immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal aspirates for influenza A and B virus and serum samples obtained during the acute phase of the disease and during convalescence for Hanta virus. Results Between April 1 2005 and March 31 2006,159 adults aged 62 ± 20 years (58 % males), were admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. Mean hospital stay was 11.9 ± 8.6 days. Four patients had Hantavirus acute infection. Other viruses were identified in twelve patients (7.7%). Nine had influenza A, one syncytial respiratory virus, one syncytial and influenza A virus and one varicella zoster virus. Excluding patients with Hantavirus, no significant differences in age, clinical presentation, chest X ray findings, laboratory results and mortality were observed between patients with bacterial or viral etiology of the pneumonia. Conclusions Viral etiology was confirmed in 10% of adult patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia.

Published
2012

42. Etiology of pneumonia in Chilean HIV-infected adult patients

Author

Pérez C, Carlos, García C, Patricia, Calvo A, Mario, Labarca L, Jaime, Bustos M, Marisol, Beroíza W, Teresa, Gaete G, Pablo, Moreno B, Rodrigo, Acuña L, Guillermo, and Vial C, Pablo

Subjects
infecciones oportunistas, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Etiology, etiología, Neumonía, HIV, VIH, Pneumonia, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, respiratory tract diseases
Abstract

Objetivos: Establecer la etiología de la neumonía y comparar el rendimiento de diferentes técnicas para el diagnóstico de las infecciones por Pneumocystis jiroveci y Mycobacterium tuberculosis en pacientes con infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Material y Métodos: De cada paciente se obtuvo esputo inducido y se efectuó LBA. A las muestras obtenidas se les realizó tinciones de Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen, plata e inmunofluores-cencia (IF) para P. jiroveci y M. tuberculosis; reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) para ambos microorganismos; cultivos aeróbicos, fúngicos, para micobacterias, virus respiratorios y citomegalovirus. También se realizó determinación de IgM de Mycoplasma pneumoniae y Chlamydophyla pneumoniae y antígeno urinario de Legionella pneumophila. Resultados: Se incluyeron 60 pacientes, lográndose diagnóstico etiológico en 97% de los casos. Pneumocystis jiroveci fue la etiología más frecuente (58%), seguida por Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%) y Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (12%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis fue encontrado en 5%. Conclusiones: La comparación de los métodos diagnósticos para P. jiroveci mostró una mayor sensibilidad de la IF y tinción de plata en LBA que en esputo; sin embargo, la RPC fue igualmente sensible en ambos tipos de muestras. Con esta estrategia se logró establecer etiología en la gran mayoría de los pacientes. La etiología más común fue P. jiroveci. IF en LBA sigue siendo el estándar para el diagnóstico de la neumonía por P. jiroveci. Objectives: To establish the etiology of pneumonia and to compare the yield of diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in HIV-1-infected patients. Patients and Methods: Subjects underwent sputum induction and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen, silver stain (SS) and immunofluorescense staining (IF) for P. jiroveci, fluorescent stain for mycobacteria, PCR for P. jiroveci andM. tuberculosis, aerobic, fungal and mycobacterial cultures, respiratory viruses and CMV cultures were performed on the sputum and BAL. IgM for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophyla pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila urinary antigen were also obtained. Results: Sixty patients were included. An etiologic diagnosis was made in 97%. Pneumocystisjiroveci was the most frequent etiology (58%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%), and Mycobacterium avium complex (12%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in 5%. Conclusions: The comparison of diagnostic methods for P. jiroveci showed a higher sensitivity of IF and SS in BAL than in sputum, however PCR was equally sensitive in both samples. With this approach a precise etiologic diagnosis was reached in the great majority of patients. The most common etiology was P. jiroveci. IF in BAL remains the gold standard for diagnosis of P. jiroveci pneumonia.

Published
2011

43. Etiología de la neumonía en pacientes chilenos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

Author

Pérez C,Carlos, García C,Patricia, Calvo A,Mario, Labarca L,Jaime, Bustos M,Marisol, Beroíza W,Teresa, Gaete G,Pablo, Moreno B,Rodrigo, Acuña L,Guillermo, and Vial C,Pablo

Subjects
infecciones oportunistas, etiología, Neumonía, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida
Abstract

Objetivos: Establecer la etiología de la neumonía y comparar el rendimiento de diferentes técnicas para el diagnóstico de las infecciones por Pneumocystis jiroveci y Mycobacterium tuberculosis en pacientes con infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Material y Métodos: De cada paciente se obtuvo esputo inducido y se efectuó LBA. A las muestras obtenidas se les realizó tinciones de Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen, plata e inmunofluores-cencia (IF) para P. jiroveci y M. tuberculosis; reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) para ambos microorganismos; cultivos aeróbicos, fúngicos, para micobacterias, virus respiratorios y citomegalovirus. También se realizó determinación de IgM de Mycoplasma pneumoniae y Chlamydophyla pneumoniae y antígeno urinario de Legionella pneumophila. Resultados: Se incluyeron 60 pacientes, lográndose diagnóstico etiológico en 97% de los casos. Pneumocystis jiroveci fue la etiología más frecuente (58%), seguida por Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%) y Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) (12%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis fue encontrado en 5%. Conclusiones: La comparación de los métodos diagnósticos para P. jiroveci mostró una mayor sensibilidad de la IF y tinción de plata en LBA que en esputo; sin embargo, la RPC fue igualmente sensible en ambos tipos de muestras. Con esta estrategia se logró establecer etiología en la gran mayoría de los pacientes. La etiología más común fue P. jiroveci. IF en LBA sigue siendo el estándar para el diagnóstico de la neumonía por P. jiroveci.

Published
2011

44. [Viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia among adults admitted to a general hospital]

Author

M Luisa, Rioseco Z, Raúl, Riquelme O, Mauricio, Riquelme O, Carlos, Inzunza P, Paola, Oyarzún G, Yasna, Agüero O, Marcela, Ferrés G, Pablo, Vial C, Rodrigo, Fasce P, and Antoni, Torres M

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Community-Acquired Infections, Hospitalization, Male, Pneumonia, Viral, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, Hospitals, General, Aged
Abstract

There is paucity of information about viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults.To investigate the viral etiology of pneumonia among hospitalized patients.All adults with pneumonia that were hospitalized were prospectively enrolled at Puerto Montt hospital. A microbiological and viral assessment was carried out. Viral assessment included direct immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal aspirates for influenza A and B virus and serum samples obtained during the acute phase of the disease and during convalescence for Hanta virus.Between April 1 2005 and March 31 2006,159 adults aged 62 ± 20 years (58 % males), were admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. Mean hospital stay was 11.9 ± 8.6 days. Four patients had Hantavirus acute infection. Other viruses were identified in twelve patients (7.7%). Nine had influenza A, one syncytial respiratory virus, one syncytial and influenza A virus and one varicella zoster virus. Excluding patients with Hantavirus, no significant differences in age, clinical presentation, chest X ray findings, laboratory results and mortality were observed between patients with bacterial or viral etiology of the pneumonia.Viral etiology was confirmed in 10% of adult patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia.

Published
2011

45. [Hantavirosis: clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients in Chile]

Author

Marcela, Ferrés G, Carmen, Sandoval C, Iris, Delgado B, Viviana, Sotomayor P, Andrea, Olea N, and Pablo A, Vial C

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Female, Seasons, Chile, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, Child, Disease Notification, Severity of Illness Index
Abstract

The first cases of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in children were described in the United States and represented 8% of the total reported cases; in Chile, the proportion of pediatric cases represents 15% of all national cases.To describe the epidemiology and clinical course of 82 children reported to the Chilean Ministry of Health up to 2007 and to characterize more extensively a subgroup of 24 children whose detailed clinical data were available.Forty patients were under 10 years old. Seventeen (17/82) of 82 cases (20.7%) presented in the context of a family cluster. Ninety eight percent of cases (80/82) occurred among individuals living in rural areas and 66% during summer months). The overall fatality rate was 36.6%. Fever (93%), respiratory distress (75%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (75%) were the most frequent symptoms encountered in the 28 children studied more extensively. Abnormal blood coagulation test were significantly associated with death while an increased hematocrit was associated with severe cases (hemodynamic unstability).An early diagnosis should favor early onset of aggressive treatment that could potentially save lives. Increasing knowledge on the clinical presentation of the disease in children should improve early clinical diagnosis among health care professionals.

Published
2010

46. Hantavirosis: Caracterización clínica-epidemiológica de pacientes pediátricos en Chile

Author

Carmen Sandoval C, Iris Delgado B, Andrea Olea N., Marcela Ferrés G, Viviana Sotomayor P., and Pablo A Vial C

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, síndrome cardiopulmonar, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, niños, Hantavirus
Abstract

Introduccion: Los primeros casos del sindrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus en poblacion pediatrica fueron descritos en Estados Unidos de America y representaron 8%o de los casos comunicados; en Chile la frecuencia relativa en ninos ha sido de 15% del total nacional. Objetivo: Describir la epidemiologia y evolucion clinica de 82 ninos notificados al MTNSAL hasta el 2007 y caracterizar el comportamiento clinico en 24 de ellos de quienes se disponia de registro clinico detallado. Resultados: Cuarenta pacientes tenian bajo 10 anos de edad, predominando envarones. Un quinto (17/82) estuvo asociado a conglomerados familiares. Noventay ocho por ciento (80/82) se presentaron en areas rurales y 54 (66%) ocurrieron en el verano. La letalidad fue de 36,6%. Los sintomas mas frecuentes fueron: fiebre (93%), dificultad respiratoria (75%) y sintomas gastrointestinales (75%). De los examenes de laboratorio con significancia estadistica, las pruebas de coagulacion alteradas predicen fallecimiento y el hematocrito elevado esta siempre presente en pacientes graves. Conclusion: El diagnostico oportuno facilita el tratamiento intensivo precoz. La difusion de la presentacion clinica infantil mejorara la sospecha diagnostica en el personal de salud.

Published
2010

47. Hantavirosis: Caracterización clínica-epidemiológica de pacientes pediátricos en Chile

Author

Ferrés G, Marcela, Sandoval C, Carmen, Delgado B, Iris, Sotomayor P, Viviana, OLea N, Andrea, and Vial C, Pablo A

Subjects
children, síndrome cardiopulmonar, cardiopulmonary syndrome, niños, Hantavirus
Abstract

Introducción: Los primeros casos del síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus en población pediátrica fueron descritos en Estados Unidos de América y representaron 8%o de los casos comunicados; en Chile la frecuencia relativa en niños ha sido de 15% del total nacional. Objetivo: Describir la epidemiología y evolución clínica de 82 niños notificados al MTNSAL hasta el 2007 y caracterizar el comportamiento clínico en 24 de ellos de quienes se disponía de registro clínico detallado. Resultados: Cuarenta pacientes tenían bajo 10 años de edad, predominando envarones. Un quinto (17/82) estuvo asociado a conglomerados familiares. Noventay ocho por ciento (80/82) se presentaron en áreas rurales y 54 (66%) ocurrieron en el verano. La letalidad fue de 36,6%. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre (93%), dificultad respiratoria (75%) y síntomas gastrointestinales (75%). De los exámenes de laboratorio con significancia estadística, las pruebas de coagulación alteradas predicen fallecimiento y el hematocrito elevado está siempre presente en pacientes graves. Conclusión: El diagnóstico oportuno facilita el tratamiento intensivo precoz. La difusión de la presentación clínica infantil mejorará la sospecha diagnóstica en el personal de salud. Background: The first cases of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in children were described in the United States and represented 8% of the total reported cases; in Chile, the proportion of pediatric cases represents 15% of all national cases. Aim: To describe the epidemiology and clinical course of 82 children reported to the Chilean Ministry of Health up to 2007 and to characterize more extensively a subgroup of 24 children whose detailed clinical data were available. Results: Forty patients were under 10 years old. Seventeen (17/82) of 82 cases (20.7%) presented in the context of a family cluster. Ninety eight percent of cases (80/82) occurred among individuals living in rural areas and 66% during summer months). The overall fatality rate was 36.6%. Fever (93%), respiratory distress (75%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (75%) were the most frequent symptoms encountered in the 28 children studied more extensively. Abnormal blood coagulation test were significantly associated with death while an increased hematocrit was associated with severe cases (hemodynamic unstability). Conclusion: An early diagnosis should favor early onset of aggressive treatment that could potentially save lives. Increasing knowledge on the clinical presentation of the disease in children should improve early clinical diagnosis among health care professionals.

Published
2010

48. Nerve-evoked purinergic signaling suppresses action potentials, Ca2+ flashes and contractility evoked by muscarinic receptor activation in mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle

Author

Heppner TJ, Werner ME, Nausch B, Vial C, Evans RJ, Nelson MT

Abstract

Contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) is caused by the release of ATP and ACh from parasympathetic nerves. Although both purinergic and muscarinic pathways are important to contraction, their relative contributions and signalling mechanisms are not well understood. Here, the contributions of each pathway to urinary bladder contraction and the underlying electrical and Ca2+ signalling events were examined in UBSM strips from wild type mice and mice deficient in P2X1 receptors (P2X1−/−) before and after pharmacological inhibition of purinergic and muscarinic receptors. Electrical field stimulation was used to excite parasympathetic nerves to increase action potentials, Ca2+ flash frequency, and force. Loss of P2X1 function not only eliminated action potentials and Ca2+ flashes during stimulation, but it also led to a significant increase in Ca2+ flashes following stimulation and a corresponding increase in the force transient. Block of muscarinic receptors did not affect action potentials or Ca2+ flashes during stimulation, but prevented them following stimulation. These findings indicate that nerve excitation leads to rapid engagement of smooth muscle P2X1 receptors to increase action potentials (Ca2+ flashes) during stimulation, and a delayed increase in excitability in response to muscarinic receptor activation. Together, purinergic and muscarinic stimulation shape the time course of force transients. Furthermore, this study reveals a novel inhibitory effect of P2X1 receptor activation on subsequent increases in muscarinic-driven excitability and force generation.

Published
2009

50. Las Epidemias: ¿Se Mandan Solas?

Author

Pablo A and Vial C

Subjects
Philosophy, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Humanities
Abstract

El 29 de abril del2009, la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud(OMS), declaro una alerta pandemica en sufase 5, lo que indicaba que el virus se transmitiaefectivamente de persona a persona, en al me-nos 2 paises del mundo. A fines de mayo delmismo ano, el virus habia sido identificado enmas de cuarenta paises, con un numero decasos que globalmente superaba los 5 mil. El 11de junio, la OMS elevo el nivel de alerta a fase6, indicando que en el mundo se ha iniciado unapandemia, con un virus que se transmite enforma efectiva y continua entre individuos yque se expande a todas las naciones.En relacion al comportamiento de la recienbautizada “influenza humana A H1N1”, la Dra.Margaret Chan, directora de la OMS dijo “elvirus escribe sus reglas y este, como todos losvirus influenza, puede cambiar las reglas, sinmotivo ni razon, en cualquier momento”.En todos los ambitos existe incertidumbre.La poblacion general, los cientificos y la comu-nidad medica se han llenado de interrogantesfrente a un nuevo fenomeno biologico, epide-miologico y clinico, ante el cual solo contamoscon informacion preliminar, fragmentada e in-completa. Nuestra inclinacion natural a basarlas decisiones en evidencias se ve desafiada y

Published
2009

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