115 results on '"Vascellari M."'
Search Results
2. Effect of dietary supplementation with yeast cell wall extracts on performance and gut response in broiler chickens
- Author
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Pascual, A., Pauletto, M., Giantin, M., Radaelli, G., Ballarin, C., Birolo, M., Zomeño, C., Dacasto, M., Bortoletti, M., Vascellari, M., Xiccato, G., and Trocino, A.
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- 2020
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3. Towards Comprehensive Coal Combustion Modelling for LES
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Stein, O. T., Olenik, G., Kronenburg, A., Cavallo Marincola, F., Franchetti, B. M., Kempf, A. M., Ghiani, M., Vascellari, M., and Hasse, C.
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- 2013
- Full Text
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4. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and RNAscope in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) as effective tools to diagnose feline herpesvirus-1-associated dermatitis
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Mazzei, M., Vascellari, M., Zanardello, C., Melchiotti, E., Vannini, S., Forzan, M., Marchetti, V., Albanese, F., and Abramo, F.
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Male ,Paraffin Embedding ,Dermatitis ,Herpesviridae Infections ,Cat Diseases ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Face ,DNA, Viral ,Cats ,Animals ,Female ,Varicellovirus ,RNA, Messenger ,In Situ Hybridization ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Felid herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1)-associated dermatitis is characterized by facial and nasal involvement; clinical and histopathological manifestations may overlap with other dermatitides.To evaluate the realibility of qRT-PCR-2Sixteen FFPE samples from cats with facial dermatitis and four controls were studied.Based on histopathological features, cases were separated into: Group 1, samples with herpetic dermatitis (four); Group 2, samples with nonherpetic facial dermatitis (six); Group 3, samples with facial dermatitis of ambiguous nature (allergic or viral) (six); and Group 4, samples from healthy cats (four). A relative quantification using the 2By 2QRT-PCR 2La dermatite liée à herpesvirus félin de type 1 (FHV-1) est caractérisée par des lésions faciles et nasales ; les manifestations cliniques et histopathologiques peuvent se superposer à d'autres dermatoses.Evaluer la capacité des méthodes qRT-PCR-2Seize échantillons de FFPE de chats avec dermatite faciale et quatre contrôles ont été étudiés. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODES: A partir des données histopathologiques, les cas ont été séparés en deux groupes : Groupe 1, échantillons avec dermatite herpétique (quatre) ; Groupe 2, échantillons avec dermatite faciale non herpétique (six) ; Groupe 3, échantillons avec dermatite faciale de nature ambiguë (allergique ou virale) (six) ; et Groupe 4, échantillons de chats sains (quatre). Une quantification relative à l'aide de la méthode 2Les analyses QRT-PCR 2INTRODUCCIÓN: la dermatitis asociada al herpesvirus tipo 1 (FHV-1) se caracteriza por afectación facial y nasal; Las manifestaciones clínicas e histopatológicas pueden superponerse con otras dermatitis. OBJETIVO: evaluar la viabilidad de los métodos de hibridación in situ qRT-PCR-2Die feline Herpesvirus Typ 1 (FHV-1) assoziierte Dermatitis wird charakterisiert durch Veränderungen im Gesicht und an der Nase; klinische und histopathologische Manifestationen könnten mit anderen Dermatitiden überlappen. ZIEL: Eine Evaluierung der Verlässlichkeit von qRT-PCR-2Sechzehn FFPE Proben von Katzen mit einer Dermatitis des Gesichts und vier Kontrollen wurden untersucht.Die Fälle wurden anhand der histopathologischen Merkmale folgendermaßen in Gruppen unterteilt: Gruppe 1, Proben mit Herpesdermatitis (vier); Gruppe 2, Proben mit Nicht-Herpes-bedingter Dermatitis des Gesichts (sechs); Gruppe 3, Proben von Gesichtsdermatitis unterschiedlicher Natur (allergisch oder viral)(sechs); und Gruppe 4, Proben von gesunden Katzen (vier). Eine relative Quantifizierung mittels 2Mittels 2Die QRT-PCR 2背景: ネコヘルペスウイルス1型(FHV-1)関連皮膚炎は、顔面および鼻病変が特徴的である。臨床症状および組織病理学的兆候は、他の皮膚炎と重複する可能性がある。 目的: 本研究の目的は、ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋(FFPE)組織においてFHV-1関連皮膚炎を診断するqRT-PCR-2背景: 猫I型疱疹病毒(FHV-1)相关皮炎的特征是面部和鼻部出现病变;临床和组织病理学表现可能与其他皮炎存在交叉。 目的: 在福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋(FFPE)组织中,用qRT-PCR-2A dermatite associada a herpesvírus felino tipo 1 (HVF-1) é caracterizada por acometimento facial e nasal; as manifestações clínicas e histopatológicas podem se confundir com outras dermatopatias.Avaliar a confiabilidade dos métodos qRT-PCR-2Foram estudadas dezesseis amostras de pele fixadas em formol e parafinadas de gatos com dermatite facial e quatro controles. MÉTODOS E MATERIAIS: Baseado nas características histopatológicas, os casos foram divididos em: Grupo 1, amostras com dermatite herpética (quatro); Grupo 2, amostras com dermatites não herpéticas (seis); Grupo 3, amostras com dermatite facial de natureza ambígua (alérgica ou viral) (seis); e Grupo 4, amostras dos gatos saudáveis (quatro). Utilizou-se uma quantificação relativa através do método 2A partir da análise 2
- Published
- 2019
5. Detailed CFD simulations of a 5-MW Industrial-scale entrained-flow gasifier using instrinsic char conversion kinetics
- Author
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Vascellari, M., Hasse, C., Halama, S., Steibel, M., Spliethoff, H., and Lehrstuhl für Energiesysteme
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PULVERIZED COAL COMBUSTION ,DESIGN APPLICATIONS ,ELEVATED PRESSURES ,MODEL ,DEVOLATILIZATION ,GASIFICATION ,SUBMODELS ,FLAME ,ddc - Abstract
The present study is a CFD investigation of the gasification behaviour of different of difficult coals at high pressure in the siemens 5-MW piolot-scale entrained-flow reactor. The detailed models for char conversion kinetics are adjusted based on laboratory investigations of the same coals and then coupled to the CFD framework for the full-scale simulations. The gasifiction reactions in entrained-flow reacteors predominantly take place in the so-called pore-diffusion regime. In order to correctly predict the carbon conversion, suitable models for intrinsic and pore evolution are required for each feedstock under the operating conditions considerded. In this work, the char gasification kinetics of the investigated coals are first characterized in separate laboratory-scale experiments for the kinetic and pore diffusion regimes. This data is used to calibrate the char conversion models, which are then coupled to the CFD code. This comprehensive modelling framework is finally used to simulate the conversion behaviour of the coals in the measured carbon conversions under different operating conditions (equivalence rations) and the syngas composition after quench. The analysis carried out in this work demonstrates that accurate that accurate predictions of carbon conversion in industrial-scale gasifiers can be obtained using advanced intrinsic char gasification models when calibrated with laboratory-scale experiments.
- Published
- 2016
6. Impact of sexual maturity on the welfare of immunocastrated v. entire heavy female pigs
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Di Martino, G., primary, Scollo, A., additional, Garbo, A., additional, Lega, F., additional, Stefani, A.L., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, Natale, A., additional, Zuliani, F., additional, Zanardello, C., additional, Tonon, F., additional, and Bonfanti, L., additional
- Published
- 2018
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7. Frequency of DEA 1 antigen in 1037 mongrel and PUREBREED dogs in ITALY
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Carli, E., primary, Carminato, A., additional, Ravagnan, S., additional, Capello, K., additional, Antognoni, M. T., additional, Miglio, A., additional, Furlanello, T., additional, Proverbio, D., additional, Spada, E., additional, Stefani, A., additional, Mutinelli, F., additional, and Vascellari, M., additional
- Published
- 2017
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8. Hepatitis E virus infection in North Italy: high seroprevalence in swine herds and increased risk for swine workers
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dI&I I&I-4, Mughini-Gras, L, Angeloni, Giorgia, Salata, C, Vonesch, N, D'Amico, W, Campagna, G, Natale, Alda, Zuliani, Federica, Ceglie, Letizia, Monne, Isabella, Vascellari, M, Capello, Katia, DI Martino, G, Inglese, N, Palù, G, Tomao, P, Bonfanti, L., dI&I I&I-4, Mughini-Gras, L, Angeloni, Giorgia, Salata, C, Vonesch, N, D'Amico, W, Campagna, G, Natale, Alda, Zuliani, Federica, Ceglie, Letizia, Monne, Isabella, Vascellari, M, Capello, Katia, DI Martino, G, Inglese, N, Palù, G, Tomao, P, and Bonfanti, L.
- Published
- 2017
9. Effect of age on the occurrence of muscle fiber degeneration associated with myopathies in broiler chickens submitted to feed restriction
- Author
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Radaelli, G., primary, Piccirillo, A., additional, Birolo, M., additional, Bertotto, D., additional, Gratta, F., additional, Ballarin, C., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, Xiccato, G., additional, and Trocino, A., additional
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- 2017
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10. Novel intrinsic-based submodel for char particle gasification in entrained-flow gasifiers: Model development, validation and illustration
- Author
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Schulze, S., primary, Richter, A., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, Gupta, A., additional, Meyer, B., additional, and Nikrityuk, P.A., additional
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- 2016
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11. Clostridial co-infection episodes in commercial laying hens
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Berto, G, primary, Agnoletti, F., additional, Drigo, I., additional, Tonon, E., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, Fracas, V., additional, and Bano, L, additional
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- 2015
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12. Expression of 8-OHdG in Zosterisessor ophiocephalus from the Venetian lagoon, Italy
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Negrato, E., primary, Vascellari, M., additional, Capolongo, F., additional, Binato, G., additional, Da Dalt, L., additional, Boscolo Papo, M., additional, Gioacchini, G., additional, Carnevali, O., additional, Bertotto, D., additional, Radaelli, G., additional, and Pascoli, F., additional
- Published
- 2013
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13. Expression of heat shock protein 70 in the liver of extensively and intensively kept heavy pigs
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Negrato, E., primary, Di Martino, G., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, Radaelli, G., additional, Capello, K., additional, Pascoli, F., additional, Bertotto, D., additional, and Bonfanti, L., additional
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- 2013
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14. Towards Comprehensive Coal Combustion Modelling for LES
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Stein, O. T., primary, Olenik, G., additional, Kronenburg, A., additional, Cavallo Marincola, F., additional, Franchetti, B. M., additional, Kempf, A. M., additional, Ghiani, M., additional, Vascellari, M., additional, and Hasse, C., additional
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- 2012
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15. Expression of Ki67, BCL-2, and COX-2 in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors
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Vascellari, M., primary, Giantin, M., additional, Capello, K., additional, Carminato, A., additional, Morello, E. M., additional, Vercelli, A., additional, Granato, A., additional, Buracco, P., additional, Dacasto, M., additional, and Mutinelli, F., additional
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- 2012
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16. Pathologic Findings of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A/Duck/Vietnam/12/05 (H5N1) in Experimentally Infected Pekin Ducks, Based on Immunohistochemistry and In Situ Hybridization
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Vascellari, M., primary, Granato, A., additional, Trevisan, L., additional, Basilicata, L., additional, Toffan, A., additional, Milani, A., additional, and Mutinelli, F., additional
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- 2007
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17. Fibrosarcoma with Typical Features of Postinjection Sarcoma at Site of Microchip Implant in a Dog: Histologic and Immunohistochemical Study
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Vascellari, M., primary, Melchiotti, E., additional, and Mutinelli, F., additional
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- 2006
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18. Fibrosarcomas at Presumed Sites of Injection in Dogs: Characteristics and Comparison with Non-vaccination Site Fibrosarcomas and Feline Post-vaccinal Fibrosarcomas
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Vascellari, M., primary, Melchiotti, E., additional, Bozza, M. A., additional, and Mutinelli, F., additional
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- 2003
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19. Expression of Ki67, BCL-2, and COX-2 in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors: Association With Grading and Prognosis.
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Vascellari, M., Giantin, M., Capello, K., Carminato, A., Morello, E. M., Vercelli, A., Granato, A., Buracco, P., Dacasto, M., and Mutinelli, F.
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DOG diseases ,CANCER in dogs ,IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ,PROLIFERATING cell nuclear antigen ,HISTOPATHOLOGY ,ANIMAL mortality - Abstract
The expression of Ki67, BCL-2, and COX-2 was investigated in 53 canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to evaluate their prognostic significance and the association with the histologic grading and the mitotic index (MI). MCTs were graded according to the Patnaik grading system and the novel 2-tier grading system proposed by Kiupel. The numbers of mitotic figures/10 high-power fields (MI) were counted. Both grading systems were significantly associated with prognosis. The Patnaik grading was of limited prognostic value for grade 2 MCTs, with 23% being associated with mortality. The concordance among pathologists was strongly improved by the application of the 2-tier grading system, and 71% of high-grade MCTs were associated with a high mortality rate. MI and Ki67 protein expression were significantly associated with grading and survival. No significant association between BCL-2 protein expression and either grading system or health status was observed. BCL-2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in grade 2 than in grade 1 MCTs, while no statistically significant differences were detected between low- and high-grade MCTs. The increased BCL-2 mRNA level was significantly associated with increased mortality rate. The COX-2 protein expression was detected in 78% of the MCTs investigated. However, neither association with the tumor grade nor with the health status was observed. COX-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in MCTs compared to surgical margins and control skin tissue, but it was neither associated with tumor grade nor with survival. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2013
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20. Imaging of exogenous lipoid pneumonia simulating lung malignancy in a dog
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Antonio Carminato, Vascellari, M., Zotti, A., Fiorentin, P., Monetti, G., and Mutinelli, F.
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Diagnosis, Differential ,Male ,Radiography ,Dogs ,Lung Neoplasms ,Animals ,Scientific ,Dog Diseases ,respiratory tract diseases ,Pneumonia, Lipid - Abstract
This report presents peculiar radiographic and computed tomographic features of a lung mass in a dog, later diagnosed by histology as exogenous lipoid pneumonia. Although lipoid pneumonia is a well-known pathological entity in pets, this is the first imaging description of a single infiltrative lesion mimicking a neoplasm.
21. Identification of Histopathological Criteria for the Diagnosis of Canine Cutaneous Progressive Angiomatosis
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Francesca Abramo, Marta Vascellari, Giada Colzi, Luca Pazzini, Francesco Albanese, Lara Olivieri, Claudia Zanardello, Claudia Salvadori, Giancarlo Avallone, Paola Roccabianca, Abramo F., Vascellari M., Colzi G., Pazzini L., Albanese F., Olivieri L., Zanardello C., Salvadori C., Avallone G., and Roccabianca P.
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skin ,General Veterinary ,endothelium ,progressive angiomatosi ,dog ,vessel ,progressive angiomatosis ,vessels - Abstract
The term angiomatosis is used to denote a group of well-known to poorly characterized proliferative vascular entities. In animals, cutaneous progressive angiomatosis (CPA) is a disorder with variable prognosis related to the extension and depth of infiltration of the surrounding tissues by vessels. CPA may share some microscopical features with other vascular proliferations such as low-grade well-differentiated capillaritic hemangiosarcoma (HS), making the diagnosis not always straightforward, especially in small biopsies. The aim of this study is to retrospectively assess the most common diagnostic microscopical features of CPA in dogs. In this work, 11 histopathological criteria were analyzed on 31 CPA and 11 primary cutaneous HS in dogs. Features significantly associated with CPA included: lobular growth, interposition of connective tissue and adnexa between the vascular proliferation, presence of nerve fibers, and a mixed vascular proliferative component. Absence of plump/prominent endothelial cells, lack of atypia, and lack of mitoses were also significant factors differentiating CPA from HS. Additional distinctive findings in CPA, although with no statistical association to CPA diagnosis, were vascular shunting, absence of necrosis, and endothelial cell piling up. In conclusion, the combined use of different microscopical clues allowed for the distinction of CPA from HS and was considered useful for the diagnosis of CPA.
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- 2022
22. Prognostic Value of PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A in Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Detected by RNAscope
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Luca Aresu, Greta Foiani, Laura Marconato, Antonella Fanelli, Marta Vascellari, Erica Melchiotti, Luca Licenziato, Arturo Nicoletti, Valeria Martini, Aresu L., Marconato L., Martini V., Fanelli A., Licenziato L., Foiani G., Melchiotti E., Nicoletti A., and Vascellari M.
- Subjects
PD-L1 ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Veterinary medicine ,diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ,Article ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Chemoimmunotherapy ,PD-1 ,SF600-1100 ,Medicine ,Receptor ,RNAscope ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,General Veterinary ,biology ,business.industry ,Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ,allergology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Acquired immune system ,medicine.disease ,Lymphoma ,dog ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,business ,Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma - Abstract
Immune checkpoints are a set of molecules dysregulated in several human and canine cancers and aberrations of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis are often correlated with a worse prognosis. To gain an insight into the role of immune checkpoints in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL), we investigated PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A expression by RNAscope. Results were correlated with several clinico-pathological features, including treatment, Ki67 index and outcome. A total of 33 dogs treated with chemotherapy (n = 12) or chemoimmunotherapy with APAVAC (n = 21) were included. PD-L1 signal was diffusely distributed among neoplastic cells, whereas PD-1 and CD8A were localized in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. However, PD-1 mRNA was also retrieved in tumor cells. An association between PD-L1 and PD-1 scores was identified and a higher risk of relapse and lymphoma-related death was found in dogs treated with chemotherapy alone and dogs with higher PD-L1 and PD-1 scores. The correlation between PD-L1 and PD-1 is in line with the mechanism of immune checkpoints in cancers, where neoplastic cells overexpress PD-L1 that, in turn, binds PD-1 receptors in activated TIL. We also found that Ki67 index was significantly increased in dogs with the highest PD-L1 and PD-1 scores, indirectly suggesting a role in promoting tumor proliferation. Finally, even if the biological consequence of PD-1+ tumor cells is unknown, our findings suggest that PD-1 intrinsic expression in cDLBCL might contribute to tumor growth escaping adaptive immunity.
- Published
- 2021
23. Global gene expression analysis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor: could molecular profiling be useful for subtype classification and prognostication?
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Emanuela Maria Morello, Marta Vascellari, Laura Marconato, Chiara Baratto, Mery Giantin, Mauro Dacasto, Franco Mutinelli, Anna Granato, A. Vercelli, Giantin M., Granato A., Baratto C., Marconato L., Vascellari M., Morello E.M., Vercelli A., Mutinelli F., and Dacasto M.
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Candidate gene ,Pathology ,Skin Neoplasms ,Cellular differentiation ,Mastocytosis, Cutaneou ,Gene Expression ,Transcriptome ,Gene expression ,Dog ,Cluster Analysis ,Dog Diseases ,Multidisciplinary ,Genomics ,mast cell tumours ,DNA microarray ,prognosis ,classification ,Medicine ,Dog Disease ,Transcriptome Analysis ,Research Article ,Veterinary Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mastocytosis, Cutaneous ,Science ,Reproducibility of Result ,Biology ,Dogs ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,canine cutaneous mast cell tumors ,Skin Neoplasm ,Gene ,Cluster Analysi ,Animal ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Genome Analysis ,Gene expression profiling ,FOXM1 ,Cancer research ,Veterinary Oncology ,Veterinary Science ,Genome Expression Analysis - Abstract
Prognosis and therapeutic management of dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) depend on clinical stage and histological grade. However, the prognostic value of this latter is still questionable. In the present study, MCT transcriptome was analyzed to identify a set of candidate genes potentially useful for predicting the biological behavior of MCTs. Fifty-one canine MCT biopsies were analyzed. Isolated and purified total RNAs were individually hybridized to the Agilent Canine V2 4x44k DNA microarray. The comparison of reference differentiated and undifferentiated MCT transcriptome revealed a total of 597 differentially expressed genes (147 down-regulated and 450 up-regulated). The functional analysis of this set of genes provided evidence that they were mainly involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, nucleotide excision repair and pyrimidine metabolism. Class prediction analysis identified 13 transcripts providing the greatest accuracy of class prediction and divided samples into two categories (differentiated and undifferentiated), harboring a different prognosis. The Principal Component Analysis of all samples, made by using the selected 13 markers, confirmed MCT classification. The first three components accounted for 99.924% of the total variance. This molecular classification significantly correlated with survival time (p = 0.0026). Furthermore, among all marker genes, a significant association was found between mRNA expression and MCT-related mortality for FOXM1, GSN, FEN1 and KPNA2 (p
- Published
- 2014
24. A Whole-Transcriptomic Analysis of Canine Oral Melanoma: A Chance to Disclose the Radiotherapy Effect and Outcome-Associated Gene Signature.
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Mucignat G, Montanucci L, Elgendy R, Giantin M, Laganga P, Pauletto M, Mutinelli F, Vascellari M, Leone VF, Dacasto M, and Granato A
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- Dogs, Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Tumor Microenvironment genetics, Tumor Microenvironment radiation effects, Male, Gene Expression Profiling methods, Female, Mouth Neoplasms genetics, Mouth Neoplasms veterinary, Mouth Neoplasms radiotherapy, Mouth Neoplasms pathology, Melanoma genetics, Melanoma radiotherapy, Melanoma veterinary, Melanoma pathology, Dog Diseases genetics, Dog Diseases radiotherapy, Transcriptome
- Abstract
Oral melanoma (OM) is the most common malignant oral tumour among dogs and shares similarities with human mucosal melanoma (HMM), validating the role of canine species as an immunocompetent model for cancer research. In both humans and dogs, the prognosis is poor and radiotherapy (RT) represents a cornerstone in the management of this tumour, either as an adjuvant or a palliative treatment. In this study, by means of RNA-seq, the effect of RT weekly fractionated in 9 Gray (Gy), up to a total dose of 36 Gy (4 weeks), was evaluated in eight dogs affected by OM. Furthermore, possible transcriptomic differences in blood and biopsies that might be associated with a longer overall survival (OS) were investigated. The immune response, glycosylation, cell adhesion, and cell cycle were the most affected pathways by RT, while tumour microenvironment (TME) composition and canonical and non-canonical WNT pathways appeared to be modulated in association with OS. Taking these results as a whole, this study improved our understanding of the local and systemic effect of RT, reinforcing the pivotal role of anti-tumour immunity in the control of canine oral melanoma (COM).
- Published
- 2024
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25. Predictive value of TP53 RNAscope ® in situ hybridization and p53 immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutational status in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
- Author
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Foiani G, Licenziato L, Marconato L, Fanelli A, Melchiotti E, Zanardello C, Aresu L, and Vascellari M
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- Dogs, Animals, Male, Female, Mutation, Prognosis, Dog Diseases genetics, Immunohistochemistry veterinary, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse veterinary, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse genetics, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse mortality, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism, In Situ Hybridization veterinary, Predictive Value of Tests
- Abstract
TP53 mutations are associated with short survival and poor treatment response in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL). The expression of TP53 by RNAscope
® in situ hybridization and p53 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was investigated in 37 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cDLBCL, to assess their correlation with TP53 mutational status and to evaluate their prognostic value. TP53 was detected in all samples by RNAscope® . Ten of 37 (27%) cases expressed p53 by IHC, with highly variable percentage of positive cells. TP53 RNAscope® scores and p53 IHC results were not correlated. The expression of TP53 by RNAscope® was not influenced by its mutational status. Conversely, p53 IHC and TP53 mutations were significantly associated. p53 IHC predicted TP53 genetic mutations with high accuracy (97.3%). All TP53- mutated samples carrying missense mutations exhibited p53 expression by IHC, while all wild-type cases and a single case with frameshift insertion were negative. In univariable analysis, p53 IHC was associated with shorter time to progression (TTP) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS). Nevertheless, in multivariable analysis, only treatment significantly affected TTP and LSS. These findings suggest p53 IHC is an accurate, cost-effective tool for predicting TP53 mutations in cDLBCL, unlike TP53 RNAscope® , though its prognostic value requires further validation.- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
26. Giardia duodenalis Colonization Slightly Affects Gut Microbiota and Hematological Parameters in Clinically Healthy Dogs.
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Peruzzo A, Vascellari M, Massaro A, Mancin M, Stefani A, Orsini M, Danesi P, Petrin S, Carminato A, Santoro MM, Speranza R, Losasso C, and Capelli G
- Abstract
Giardia duodenalis ( Giardia ) is a worldwide cause of acute diarrheal disease both in humans and animals. The primary aim of this study was to investigate possible variations in gut microbiota in a population of asymptomatic dogs ( n = 31), naturally infected or not by Giardia . Gut microbiota and the hematological, biochemical, and fecal parameters related to intestinal function were investigated. Giardia infection was associated with a significant shift of beta diversity, showing a relevant reduction of Gammaproteobacteria and an increase of Fusobacteria in male-positive dogs if compared with negatives. A significant imbalance of different bacterial taxa, with particular reference to the Erysipelotrichales , Lactobacillales , Clostridiales , and Burkholderiales orders, was observed, with the first two being higher in Giardia -positive dogs. Giardia -positive males displayed significantly higher values of cCRP than negative males as well as positive females, supporting the presence of a pro-inflammatory state. Taken together, these results indicate that the presence of Giardia does not substantially modify the microbial ecology of the intestine nor the hematological markers of disease. Thus treatments against Giardia should be considered with caution in asymptomatic subjects.
- Published
- 2023
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27. Host Response of Syrian Hamster to SARS-CoV-2 Infection including Differences with Humans and between Sexes.
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Castellan M, Zamperin G, Franzoni G, Foiani G, Zorzan M, Drzewnioková P, Mancin M, Brian I, Bortolami A, Pagliari M, Oggiano A, Vascellari M, Panzarin V, Crovella S, Monne I, Terregino C, De Benedictis P, and Leopardi S
- Subjects
- Animals, Cricetinae, Humans, Female, Male, Mesocricetus, SARS-CoV-2, Sexual Behavior, Sex Characteristics, COVID-19
- Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted the importance of having proper tools and models to study the pathophysiology of emerging infectious diseases to test therapeutic protocols, assess changes in viral phenotypes, and evaluate the effects of viral evolution. This study provided a comprehensive characterization of the Syrian hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus ) as an animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection using different approaches (description of clinical signs, viral load, receptor profiling, and host immune response) and targeting four different organs (lungs, intestine, brain, and PBMCs). Our data showed that both male and female hamsters were susceptible to the infection and developed a disease similar to the one observed in patients with COVID-19 that included moderate to severe pulmonary lesions, inflammation, and recruitment of the immune system in the lungs and at the systemic level. However, all animals recovered within 14 days without developing the severe pathology seen in humans, and none of them died. We found faint evidence for intestinal and neurological tropism associated with the absence of lesions and a minimal host response in intestines and brains, which highlighted another crucial difference with the multiorgan impairment of severe COVID-19. When comparing male and female hamsters, we observed that males sustained higher viral RNA shedding and replication in the lungs, suffered from more severe symptoms and histopathological lesions, and triggered higher pulmonary inflammation. Overall, these data confirmed the Syrian hamster as a suitable model for mild to moderate COVID-19 and reflected sex-related differences in the response against the virus observed in humans.
- Published
- 2023
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28. Salmonella Enteritidis Fatal Septicemia with Meningoencephalitis in a Tiger ( Panthera tigris ) Cub.
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Mazzotta E, Foiani G, De Benedictis GM, Fiore E, Natale A, Spagnolo E, Vascellari M, Cento G, and Corrò M
- Abstract
A 15-day-old, female, captive Panthera tigris cub was hospitalized after developing severe hyperthermia, depression, and lack of appetite. The clinical condition rapidly worsened, and the tiger cub died in 72 h after the onset of neurological symptoms, septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The postmortem main gross findings consisted of a severe and diffuse bilateral fibrino-suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis, mild fibrinous and sero-hemorrhagic polyserositis and cystitis, severe pulmonary edema, and hemorrhages. Microscopically, the meninges, ependyma, and choroid plexuses were diffusely expanded by abundant infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, with multifocal fibrinous exudation. Histiocytic interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous and neutrophilic polyserositis, and pyelocystitis were also observed. Vascular thrombosis with multifocal vasculitis and vascular necrosis were frequently observed. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures performed on the brain, lungs, intestine, kidneys, and in pericardial effusion reported the presence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis. Environmental and nutritional contamination were identified as putative sources of infections. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of Salmonella Enteritidis septicemia with meningoencephalitis in a tiger cub, which highlights the need to further investigate the cause of acute perinatal death to reduce the risk of infectious disease outbreaks.
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- 2022
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29. Case report: Infratentorial Embryonal Tumor with Abundant Neuropil and True Rosettes (ETANTR) in an 8-month-old Maine Coon.
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Foiani G, Mandara MT, Carminato A, Melchiotti E, Corrò M, and Vascellari M
- Abstract
An 8-month-old female Main Coon with a history of recurrent behavioral changes and anorexia was presented with sternal recumbency and depression. Within 5 days, the cat progressively worsened with symptoms of stupor and coma and was euthanized. At post-mortem examination, a solid, grayish infratentorial mass located in the midline rostrally to the cerebellum, was observed. Histologically, highly cellular clusters of small-to-medium undifferentiated cells were intermingled with paucicellular areas with fibrillary eosinophilic (neuropil-like) appearance. Numerous multilayered (ependymoblastic) true rosettes were present. The mitotic activity was frequent (up to 15 mitoses/HPF), involving both undifferentiated cells and rosettes. By immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor cells were diffusely positive for vimentin, variably for synaptophysin, S-100, and NSE, and focally for NeuN; they were negative for GFAP and CK AE1/AE3. The histological and IHC aspects were consistent with an Embryonal Tumor with Abundant Neuropil and True Rosettes (ETANTR). Embryonal neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) are characterized by primitive undifferentiated cells, able to develop toward neuronal, glial, ependymal, and mesenchymal lines. Although extremely rare, juvenile embryonal tumors should be considered in the differentials of CNS disorders in young cats., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Foiani, Mandara, Carminato, Melchiotti, Corrò and Vascellari.)
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- 2022
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30. Clinicopathologic features and biologic behavior of canine splenic nodules with stromal, histiocytic and lymphoid components.
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Sabattini S, Rigillo A, Foiani G, Marconato L, Vascellari M, Greco A, Agnoli C, Annoni M, Melchiotti E, Campigli M, Benali SL, and Bettini G
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The term fibrohistiocytic nodule has been discouraged in favor of specific pathologic entities, including complex nodular hyperplasia, splenic stromal sarcoma and histiocytic sarcoma. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of splenic lesions with mixed stromal, histiocytic and lymphoid components still remains a challenge due to lack of straightforward histologic criteria. Misestimation of the biologic behavior of these lesions may lead to detrimental consequences on the clinical management of patients. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathologic features and outcome of canine splenic nodular lesions with mixed components, to identify prognostic factors and histologic criteria of malignancy. Thirty-seven cases were included. Immunohistochemistry did not allow for further subclassification. Nine (24.3%) dogs died from disease-related causes after a median of 234 days (range, 48-1,247). One-, 2- and 3-year disease-specific survival rates were 80, 60, and 43%, respectively. When considering nodules with stromal cell atypia and at least one of mitotic count ≥9, presence of karyomegaly/multinucleated cells and lymphoid component <40%, half of these dogs died of disease-related causes with a median disease-specific survival time of 548 days (95% CI, 0-1216). In the remaining dogs, no disease-related death was reported ( P < 0.001). Canine splenic nodular lesions with mixed stromal, histiocytic and lymphoid components and histologic criteria of malignancy may behave aggressively, leading to distant metastasis and death. In the absence of further criteria aiding their classification, and to better characterize their biologic behavior, we encourage the distinction of these complex splenic tumors from conventional sarcomas and histiocytic sarcomas., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Sabattini, Rigillo, Foiani, Marconato, Vascellari, Greco, Agnoli, Annoni, Melchiotti, Campigli, Benali and Bettini.)
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- 2022
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31. The Italian Network of Laboratories for Veterinary Oncology (NILOV) 2.0: Improving Knowledge on Canine Tumours.
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Crescio MI, Ru G, Aresu L, Bozzetta E, Cancedda MG, Capello K, Castagnaro M, Carnio A, Cocumelli C, Degli Uberti B, Eleni C, Foiani G, Fonti N, Gibelli LR, Maniscalco L, Manuali E, Moccia V, Paciello O, Petrella A, Petrini A, Poli A, Puleio R, Razzuoli E, Scaramozzino P, Varello K, Vascellari M, Zappulli V, Ferrari A, and On Behalf Of Nilov
- Abstract
Advances in tumour research are crucial, and comparative oncology can improve the knowledge in several ways. Dogs are not only models of specific naturally occurring tumours but can also be sentinels of environmental exposures to carcinogens, as they share the same environment with their owners. The purpose of this work was to describe the data collected by The Italian Network of Laboratories for Veterinary Oncology in the first 9 years of activity (2013-2021) and to evaluate their potential epidemiological significance. Frequencies of tumour topographies and main morphologies in dogs were described, analysed and compared, calculating age-adjusted proportional morbidity ratios and considering several risk factors (breed, sex, period and region of residence). These observations allowed us to highlight differences not only in morphology and topography of some tumours but also to formulate hypotheses on the potential role of some risk factors, e.g., neutering/spaying or geographical location. In our opinion, the results of this case series confirm the importance of initiating and consolidating animal cancer registration initiatives that would facilitate the possibility of conducting multicentric collaborative studies to deepen the knowledge of the epidemiology of tumours in dogs from a comparative perspective.
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- 2022
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32. Hematological Parameters from the Feline Blood Donor to the Blood Unit: What Changes Are to Be Expected?
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Vascellari M, Carminato A, De Zottis G, Bisconti M, Gagliazzo L, Bozzato E, Bertazzo V, and Stefani A
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Feline blood donation requires sedation to allow for good blood collection, avoiding venous damage and unnecessary donor stress. In the present study, we describe the variation of hematological parameters in a population of 74 healthy blood-donor cats that underwent the same sedation protocol, including medetomidine, alfaxalone, and butorphanol. Changes in hematological parameters were evaluated in blood samples collected from conscious cats (group A), sedated cats (group B), and feline whole-blood units (FBUs) (group C). Significant differences were observed between unsedated and sedated cats: the mean RBC count, HGB, HCT, and RDW were significantly lower in sedated cats than in conscious ones, with a difference of 17.95%, 18.42%, 28.21%, and 10.00%, respectively. In accordance with previously reported data, our results confirm that sedation is a critical procedure in cats that can affect most of the hematological parameters. The second finding of our study is that no significant differences for the main hematological parameters were observed between sedated cats and FBUs, thus suggesting that the dilution with the conservative-anticoagulant solution exert negligible effects on these parameters with respect to samples of sedated animals. This hematological change must be taken into consideration since such parameters are important to define the quality of FBUs.
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- 2022
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33. Identification of Histopathological Criteria for the Diagnosis of Canine Cutaneous Progressive Angiomatosis.
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Abramo F, Vascellari M, Colzi G, Pazzini L, Albanese F, Olivieri L, Zanardello C, Salvadori C, Avallone G, and Roccabianca P
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The term angiomatosis is used to denote a group of well-known to poorly characterized proliferative vascular entities. In animals, cutaneous progressive angiomatosis (CPA) is a disorder with variable prognosis related to the extension and depth of infiltration of the surrounding tissues by vessels. CPA may share some microscopical features with other vascular proliferations such as low-grade well-differentiated capillaritic hemangiosarcoma (HS), making the diagnosis not always straightforward, especially in small biopsies. The aim of this study is to retrospectively assess the most common diagnostic microscopical features of CPA in dogs. In this work, 11 histopathological criteria were analyzed on 31 CPA and 11 primary cutaneous HS in dogs. Features significantly associated with CPA included: lobular growth, interposition of connective tissue and adnexa between the vascular proliferation, presence of nerve fibers, and a mixed vascular proliferative component. Absence of plump/prominent endothelial cells, lack of atypia, and lack of mitoses were also significant factors differentiating CPA from HS. Additional distinctive findings in CPA, although with no statistical association to CPA diagnosis, were vascular shunting, absence of necrosis, and endothelial cell piling up. In conclusion, the combined use of different microscopical clues allowed for the distinction of CPA from HS and was considered useful for the diagnosis of CPA.
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- 2022
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34. Looking for Dog Blood Donors in an Endemic Area for Vector-Borne Infections of Central Italy.
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Antognoni MT, Vascellari M, Da Rold G, Toniolo F, Sgubin S, Zanardello C, Carminato A, and Miglio A
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Dogs are proved to be competent reservoir hosts for several vector-borne pathogens. Their prevalence varies according to the geographical area. Many vector-borne pathogens may be transmitted by blood transfusion. The purpose of this study was to determine the serological and molecular prevalence of some vector-borne pathogens in dog blood donors, living in central Italy. Blood samples of 126 donors (19 breeds) included were tested for a broad serological and DNA-base tests panel. The differences in pathogen prevalence according to age, sex, and breeds were tested (chi-square test, Fisher's exact test). Overall, 50 animals (39.7%) tested positive at PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and/or serology (IFAT, indirect fluorescent antibody test) for at least one pathogen. Three dogs were positive at both serology and PCR. A tendency of hemoplasmas to be more prevalent in older dogs (41.2%) compared to the younger ones (25.7%) was noted. We highlight the difficulties of selecting healthy blood donor dogs in an endemic area for vector-borne infections. It is important to choose the serological and biomolecular investigations panel that is most suited to the donor's environment. Close collaboration between clinician and parasitologists is important in the interpretation of IFAT and PCR results. Finally, we underline the important role of blood donors as an epidemiological tool for active surveillance against canine vector-borne diseases.
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- 2022
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35. Clinical Tick-Borne Encephalitis in a Roe Deer ( Capreolus capreolus L.).
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Da Rold G, Obber F, Monne I, Milani A, Ravagnan S, Toniolo F, Sgubin S, Zamperin G, Foiani G, Vascellari M, Drzewniokova P, Castellan M, De Benedictis P, and Citterio CV
- Subjects
- Animals, Arachnid Vectors physiology, Arachnid Vectors virology, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne classification, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne genetics, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne pathology, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne virology, Italy, Ixodes physiology, Ixodes virology, Phylogeny, Deer virology, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne isolation & purification, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne veterinary
- Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a severe zoonosis occurring in the Palearctic region mainly transmitted through Ixodes ticks. In Italy, TBEV is restricted to the north-eastern part of the country. This report describes for the first time a case of clinical TBE in a roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus L.). The case occurred in the Belluno province, Veneto region, an area endemic for TBEV. The affected roe deer showed ataxia, staggering movements, muscle tremors, wide-base stance of the front limbs, repetitive movements of the head, persistent teeth grinding, hypersalivation and prolonged recumbency. An autopsy revealed no significant lesions to explain the neurological signs. TBEV RNA was detected in the brain by real-time RT-PCR, and the nearly complete viral genome (10,897 nucleotides) was sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the gene encoding the envelope protein revealed a close relationship to TBEV of the European subtype, and 100% similarity with a partial sequence (520 nucleotides) of a TBEV found in ticks in the bordering Trento province. The histological examination of the midbrain revealed lymphohistiocytic encephalitis, satellitosis and microgliosis, consistent with a viral etiology. Other viral etiologies were ruled out by metagenomic analysis of the brain. This report underlines, for the first time, the occurrence of clinical encephalitic manifestations due to TBEV in a roe deer, suggesting that this pathogen should be included in the frame of differential diagnoses in roe deer with neurologic disease.
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- 2022
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36. Cytauxzoon sp. Infection and Coinfections in Three Domestic Cats in Central Italy.
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Antognoni MT, Rocconi F, Ravagnan S, Vascellari M, Capelli G, Miglio A, and Di Tommaso M
- Abstract
Cytauxzoonosis is an emerging disease caused by a tick-transmitted haemoprotozoan affecting domestic and wild felids. The clinical and biomolecular findings of the infection due to Cytauxzoon sp. and concomitant coinfections are described in three cats in central Italy. Three domestic cats were referred for different clinical conditions (impact trauma, lameness, and weight loss and lethargy). They presented different hematobiochemical profiles. Only two cats were anemic, but in all three cats, endo erythrocyte inclusions suggestive of piroplasmids were found at blood smear evaluation. EDTA blood samples were submitted to rapid ELISA test for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), and to biomolecular investigations for Piroplasmida ( Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Cytauxzoon spp.) and Mycoplasma spp. All three cats were positive for Cytauxzoon sp. (European Cytauxzoon species) and two cases were also coinfected by Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis and FIV. This report suggests that cytauxzoonosis should be included among differential diagnoses in subjects with possibility of contact with ticks and with presence of coinfections by tick-borne parasites, including in non-endemic areas.
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- 2022
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37. Localization and genotyping of canine papillomavirus in canine inverted papillomas.
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Orlandi M, Mazzei M, Vascellari M, Melchiotti E, Zanardello C, Verin R, Albanese F, Necci F, Pazzini L, Lazzarini G, and Abramo F
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- Animals, DNA, Viral genetics, Dogs, Genotype, In Situ Hybridization veterinary, Papillomaviridae genetics, Dog Diseases, Papilloma, Inverted veterinary, Papillomavirus Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Numerous canine papillomaviruses (CPVs) have been identified (CPV1-23). CPV1, 2, and 6 have been associated with inverted papillomas (IPs). We retrieved 19 IPs from 3 histopathology archives, and evaluated and scored koilocytes, inclusion bodies, giant keratohyalin granules, cytoplasmic pallor, ballooning degeneration, and parakeratosis. IHC targeting major capsid proteins of PV was performed, and CPV genotyping was achieved by PCR testing. Tissue localization of CPV DNA and RNA was studied by chromogenic and RNAscope in situ hybridization (DNA-CISH, RNA-ISH, respectively). IPs were localized to the limbs (50%), trunk (30%), and head (20%), mainly as single nodules (16 of 19). In 15 of 19 cases, immunopositivity was detected within the nuclei in corneal and subcorneal epidermal layers. PCR revealed CPV1 in 11 IPs and CPV2 DNA in 3 IPs. Overall, 14 of 17 cases were positive by both DNA-CISH and RNA-ISH, in accord with PCR results. A histologic score >5 was always obtained in cases in which the viral etiology was demonstrated by IHC, DNA-CISH, and RNA-ISH. IHC and molecular approaches were useful to ascertain the viral etiology of IPs. Although IHC is the first choice for diagnostic purposes, ISH testing allows identification of PV type and the infection phase. RNA-ISH seems a promising tool to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of different PV types in animal species.
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- 2021
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38. Diagnostic Challenge in Veterinary Pathology: Cutaneous Nodules in a Cow.
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Colorio S, Bettini A, Vascellari M, Zanardello C, Stefani A, Gobbo F, Ceglie L, Niederfriniger S, Covi A, and Tavella A
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- Animals, Cattle, Female, Cattle Diseases diagnosis, Pathology, Veterinary, Skin Neoplasms diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms veterinary, Veterinary Medicine
- Published
- 2021
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39. Prognostic Value of PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A in Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Detected by RNAscope.
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Aresu L, Marconato L, Martini V, Fanelli A, Licenziato L, Foiani G, Melchiotti E, Nicoletti A, and Vascellari M
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Immune checkpoints are a set of molecules dysregulated in several human and canine cancers and aberrations of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis are often correlated with a worse prognosis. To gain an insight into the role of immune checkpoints in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cDLBCL), we investigated PD-L1, PD-1 and CD8A expression by RNAscope. Results were correlated with several clinico-pathological features, including treatment, Ki67 index and outcome. A total of 33 dogs treated with chemotherapy ( n = 12) or chemoimmunotherapy with APAVAC ( n = 21) were included. PD-L1 signal was diffusely distributed among neoplastic cells, whereas PD-1 and CD8A were localized in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. However, PD-1 mRNA was also retrieved in tumor cells. An association between PD-L1 and PD-1 scores was identified and a higher risk of relapse and lymphoma-related death was found in dogs treated with chemotherapy alone and dogs with higher PD-L1 and PD-1 scores. The correlation between PD-L1 and PD-1 is in line with the mechanism of immune checkpoints in cancers, where neoplastic cells overexpress PD-L1 that, in turn, binds PD-1 receptors in activated TIL. We also found that Ki67 index was significantly increased in dogs with the highest PD-L1 and PD-1 scores, indirectly suggesting a role in promoting tumor proliferation. Finally, even if the biological consequence of PD-1+ tumor cells is unknown, our findings suggest that PD-1 intrinsic expression in cDLBCL might contribute to tumor growth escaping adaptive immunity.
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- 2021
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40. Business intelligence tools to optimize the appropriateness of the diagnostic process for clinical and epidemiologic purposes in a multicenter veterinary pathology service.
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Pozzato N, D'Este L, Gagliazzo L, Vascellari M, Cocchi M, Agnoletti F, Bano L, Barberio A, Dellamaria D, Gobbo F, Schiavon E, Tavella A, Trevisiol K, Viel L, Vio D, Catania S, and Vicenzoni G
- Subjects
- Animals, Italy, Animal Diseases diagnosis, Pathology, Veterinary instrumentation
- Abstract
Laboratory tests provide essential support to the veterinary practitioner, and their use has grown exponentially. This growth is the result of several factors, such as the eradication of historical diseases, the occurrence of multifactorial diseases, and the obligation to control endemic and epidemic diseases. However, the introduction of novel techniques is counterbalanced by economic constraints, and the establishment of evidence- and consensus-based guidelines is essential to support the pathologist. Therefore, we developed standardized protocols, categorized by species, type of production, age, and syndrome at the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), a multicenter institution for animal health and food safety. We have 72 protocols in use for livestock, poultry, and pets, categorized as, for example, "bovine enteric calf", "rabbit respiratory", "broiler articular". Each protocol consists of a panel of tests, divided into 'mandatory' and 'ancillary', to be selected by the pathologist in order to reach the final diagnosis. After autopsy, the case is categorized into a specific syndrome, subsequently referred to as a syndrome-specific panel of analyses. The activity of the laboratories is monitored through a web-based dynamic reporting system developed using a business intelligence product (QlikView) connected to the laboratory information management system (IZILAB). On a daily basis, reports become available at general, laboratory, and case levels, and are updated as needed. The reporting system highlights epidemiologic variations in the field and allows verification of compliance with the protocols within the organization. The diagnostic protocols are revised annually to increase system efficiency and to address stakeholder requests.
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- 2021
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41. Effects of leukoreduction on storage lesions in whole blood and blood components of dogs.
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Stefani A, Capello K, Carminato A, Wurzburger W, Furlanello T, Bertazzo V, Marsilio E, Albertin E, La Pietra G, Bozzato E, Mutinelli F, and Vascellari M
- Subjects
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Cytokines, Dogs, Erythrocytes, Hemolysis, Blood Preservation veterinary, Dog Diseases
- Abstract
Background: Leukoreduction is a routine procedure in human transfusion medicine but is uncommon in veterinary., Objectives: To evaluate the effect of leukoreduction on the quality of canine whole blood (WB) and blood products during storage., Animals: Ten canine blood donors., Methods: This is a case series study. An amount of 450 mL of blood was collected from each dog. Five WB and 5 packed red blood cells (pRBC) bags were divided into 2 units each: leukoreduced (LR) and non-leukoreduced (nLR). RBC count, erythrocytes' mean osmotic fragility (MOF), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), percentage of hemolysis, potassium (K), lactate, glucose, and cytokines were measured weekly from day of donation (T0) to day 35 (T35); pH, coagulation times, and clotting factors were evaluated at T0 and T35 from WB and in fresh frozen plasma after 1 year of storage., Results: Leukoreduction showed positive effects on lactate (T35: LR WB 14.42 mmol/L SD 2.71, nLR WB 22.42 mmol/L SD 1.86, LR pRBC 20.88 mmol/L SD 2.65, nLR pRBC 36.81 mmol/L SD 2.34; P < .0001), pH (T35: LR WB 6.88 SD 0.16, nLR WB 6.69 SD 0.20, P = .02; LR pRBC 6.57 SD 0.23, nLR pRBC 6.22 SD 0.11; P < .001), and K (LR pRBC 4.08 mmol/L SD 0.88, nLR pRBC 5.48 mmol/L SD 0.90; P < .001). Increasing values of IL8 were observed in nLR units during storage (T0: 4167 ± 11 888 pg/mL; T35: 6367 ± 11 612 pg/mL)., Conclusion and Clinical Importance: LR blood units are recommended to critically ill dogs with marked inflammatory conditions., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
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- 2021
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42. Chromogenic in situ hybridization for the detection of lambda and kappa immunoglobulin light chains as a potential auxiliary diagnostic technique in canine plasmacytomas.
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Foiani G, Zanardello C, Carminato A, Melchiotti E, Roccabianca P, Tecilla M, and Vascellari M
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- Animals, Dogs, Female, In Situ Hybridization methods, Male, Plasmacytoma diagnosis, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains isolation & purification, Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains isolation & purification, In Situ Hybridization veterinary, Plasmacytoma veterinary
- Abstract
The heterogeneous morphologic features of canine plasmacytomas (PCTs) can make their differentiation from other round cell tumors challenging. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for lambda (λ) and kappa (к) immunoglobulin (Ig) light chains is often equivocal because of high background staining. The chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) technique for light chains has shown higher sensitivity compared to IHC in human plasma cell tumors. Therefore, we aimed to validate automated CISH for light chains in canine tissues and to evaluate its diagnostic potential in canine PCTs, in conjunction with routinely used IHC markers. CISH for light chains demonstrated a clear signal in plasma cell populations of canine control tissues (lymph nodes, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation) showing a polyclonal pattern with a prevalence of λ-producing cells. CISH detected monotypic light chain expression in 33 of 53 (62%) PCTs, 31 expressing λ and 2 expressing к. CISH was more sensitive than IHC for λ light chain (58% vs. 47%, respectively) and more easily interpretable given the absence of confounding background staining. The absence of CISH staining for both λ and к in a considerable subset of tumors may be the result of lower light chain production by neoplastic cells. Multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) was expressed by all but 2 PCTs (96%), which showed λ expression by CISH and IHC. The identification of poorly differentiated canine PCTs requires the assessment of a panel of IHC markers, with the potential support of CISH for Ig light chains.
- Published
- 2020
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43. Replication of Influenza D Viruses of Bovine and Swine Origin in Ovine Respiratory Explants and Their Attachment to the Respiratory Tract of Bovine, Sheep, Goat, Horse, and Swine.
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Mazzetto E, Bortolami A, Fusaro A, Mazzacan E, Maniero S, Vascellari M, Beato MS, Schiavon E, Chiapponi C, Terregino C, Monne I, and Bonfante F
- Abstract
Bovine is considered the main reservoir of influenza D virus (IDV), however, low levels of seropositivity in other farmed species suggest a wide range of potential hosts. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether this scenario is the result of rare spillover events upon contact with bovines, or a lack of adaptation of IDV to these hosts. Among these species, sheep represents a crucial component of the rural economy in many developing countries, but little is known about its role in the ecology of the disease. To evaluate the susceptibility of sheep to IDV viruses of different origin, we used ovine respiratory tissues as an ex vivo model and investigated the infective phenotype of two IDV strains isolated from either bovine (IDV-BOV) or swine (IDV-SW). For translatability purposes, we included a parainfluenza type 3 virus, as positive control, given its known respiratory tropism in sheep. We performed a timed evaluation of the viral infectivity, cell tropism and the associated histopathology, by means of tissue culture infectious dose assays on supernatants and histological/immunohistochemical analyses on explanted tissues, respectively. To further investigate differences in the phenotype of these two strains and to identify the potential targets of replication in the most commonly land-based farmed mammalian species, we carried out virus binding assays on histological sections of the respiratory tract of bovine, caprine, ovine, horse and swine. Our results demonstrated that IDV successfully replicates in nasal, tracheal and lung ovine tissues, suggesting a moderate susceptibility of this species to IDV infection. Interestingly, despite the high genetic identity of these strains, IDV- BOV consistently replicated to higher titers than IDV-SW in all respiratory tracts, suggesting IDV viruses might display considerable levels of variability in their phenotype when crossing the species barrier. Virus binding assays confirmed a superior affinity of the IDV viruses for the bovine upper respiratory tract, and a preference for the pharyngeal epithelium of small ruminants, indicating possible targets to improve the sensitivity of virological sampling for diagnostic and post-mortem purposes. Further pathogenesis and cross-species transmission studies will be necessary to elucidate the ecology of IDV and eventually allow the design of cost-effective surveillance strategies., (Copyright © 2020 Mazzetto, Bortolami, Fusaro, Mazzacan, Maniero, Vascellari, Beato, Schiavon, Chiapponi, Terregino, Monne and Bonfante.)
- Published
- 2020
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44. Survival of Rickettsia conorii in artificially contaminated whole and leukoreduced canine blood units during the storage period.
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Lucchese L, Ravagnan S, Da Rold G, Toniolo F, Wurzburger W, Mion M, Carminato A, Fournier PE, Capelli G, Natale A, and Vascellari M
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- Animals, Blood Culture veterinary, Blood Preservation veterinary, Blood Specimen Collection veterinary, Boutonneuse Fever microbiology, Boutonneuse Fever prevention & control, Boutonneuse Fever transmission, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Dogs, Rickettsia conorii genetics, Blood microbiology, Blood Transfusion veterinary, Erythrocytes microbiology, Rickettsia conorii physiology
- Abstract
Background: The ability of tick-borne agents to survive in stored blood bags is a key factor for their transmissibility by blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and potential infectivity of Rickettsia conorii (RC) in artificially contaminated canine whole blood (WB) and in leukoreduced whole blood (LR-WB) during the storage period., Methods: RC was cultured on L929 cells. We used a one-week 25-cm
2 flask with 70-80% of L929 infected cells to prepare the bacterial inoculum by pelleting cells and suspending the pellet in the donors' serum. We infected five 100 ml WB units with RC within 2 h from the collection and maintained it at room temperature for 4 h prior to refrigeration. We filtered 50 ml of each WB bag to obtain leukoreduced WB (LR-WB) at day 1 post-infection (dpi). We checked WB and LR-WB bags at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 dpi for RC presence and viability through real-time PCR (rPCR) for DNA and mRNA, respectively, and by isolation. Identification of isolates was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence and rPCRs., Results: RC survived for the entire storage period in both whole and leukoreduced blood. All bags contained viable bacteria until 7 dpi; RC viability generally decreased over time, particularly in LR-WB bags where the isolation time was longer than in WB. Viable bacteria were still isolated at 35 dpi in 3 WB and 3 LR-WB., Conclusions: Leukoreduction reduced but did not eliminate RC in infected units. The survival and infectivity of RC in canine blood during the storage period may represent a threat for recipients.- Published
- 2020
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45. CD30 Cross-Reactivity and Expression in Feline Normal Tissues and Lymphomas.
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Carminato A, Tecilla M, Roccabianca P, Zanardello C, Melchiotti E, Capello K, and Vascellari M
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- Animals, Cat Diseases classification, Cat Diseases pathology, Cats, Cross Reactions, Female, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymphocytes pathology, Lymphoma classification, Lymphoma diagnosis, Lymphoma pathology, Male, Antibodies immunology, Cat Diseases diagnosis, Epitopes immunology, Ki-1 Antigen metabolism, Lymphoma veterinary
- Abstract
CD30 is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily included in the diagnostic algorithm of human cutaneous, anaplastic large cell and Hodgkin lymphomas and represents an optimal therapeutic target for CD30
+ tumors. Similar diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are largely missing for feline lymphomas. Cross-reactivity of the antihuman CD30 receptor clone Ber-H2 was investigated in feline lymphomas. Comparative analysis of feline and human CD30 identified 61% identity of the amino acid sequence, with 100% identity of the main sequence of the epitope targeted by the antibody (RKQCEPDYYL). CD30 expression in normal feline tissues was restricted to rare lymphoid cells in perifollicular and interfollicular lymph node areas and in the thymic medulla. In feline lymphoma, CD30 was expressed in 4 of 33 (13%) T-cell lymphomas, 3 of 22 (14%) B-cell lymphomas, and 5 of 7 (71%) mixed-cell lymphomas, showing diffuse (1/5) or multifocal (4/5) positivity restricted to neoplastic multinucleated lymphoid cells and binucleated cells consistent with Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Based on the human classification system, cell morphology, expression of multiple markers (mixed cell components), and CD30 positivity, these cases were considered most consistent with classical Hodgkin-like lymphoma (HLL). The other 2 mixed-cell lymphomas were CD30 negative and thus most consistent with either T-cell-rich large B-cell lymphoma (TCRLBCL) or nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). These findings provide multiple data supporting the cross-reactivity of the Ber-H2 anti-CD30 clone in feline tissues and give evidence of the usefulness of CD30 in the diagnostic evaluation of feline lymphoma.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Felis catus Papillomavirus Types 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Feline Bowenoid in Situ Carcinoma: An In Situ Hybridization Study.
- Author
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Vascellari M, Mazzei M, Zanardello C, Melchiotti E, Albanese F, Forzan M, Croce MF, Alberti A, and Abramo F
- Subjects
- Animals, Carcinoma in Situ diagnosis, Carcinoma in Situ pathology, Carcinoma in Situ virology, Cat Diseases pathology, Cat Diseases virology, Cats, Chromogenic Compounds, DNA Probes, DNA, Viral genetics, Feasibility Studies, Papillomaviridae genetics, Papillomavirus Infections diagnosis, Papillomavirus Infections pathology, Papillomavirus Infections virology, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Sensitivity and Specificity, Skin pathology, Carcinoma in Situ veterinary, Cat Diseases diagnosis, In Situ Hybridization veterinary, Papillomaviridae isolation & purification, Papillomavirus Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Several studies based on histopathology or molecular investigations suggest a causal relation between Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV-2) infection and bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC) in cats. Nevertheless, data on distribution of viral DNA for different F. catus papillomavirus types (FcaPV-1, 2, 3, 4, 5) in precancerous skin lesions are lacking. In this study, incisional and excisional skin biopsies from 18 cats with BISC were investigated for the presence of FcaPV DNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) using specific probes to detect each of the FcaPVs that have been identified so far. By qPCR analysis, 15 of 18 samples were positive for FcaPV-2, 2 were positive for FcaPV-4, and 1 sample was negative for all FcaPVs studied. Two cases were positive for FcaPV-5 by qPCR only. FcaPV-1 and FcaPV-3 were not detected by either method. CISH positivity for FcaPV-2 and FcaPV-4 was 100% concordant with qPCR. FcaPV-2 CISH signal was observed as nuclear dots within grouped neoplastic keratinocytes in 12 BISCs and in the perilesional skin of 9 biopsies. In 3 of these 9 cases, the signal was not observed within the BISC. FcaPV-4 CISH positivity was detected only within BISCs in 2 cases. The overall rate of concordance for FcaPV detection between PCR and CISH was 97.8%. This study suggests that CISH is a reliable method to detect FcaPV-2 and FcaPV-4 infection in cats and provides useful information on the type, rate, and localization of infected cells.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Detection and Prognostic Relevance of Circulating and Disseminated Tumour Cell in Dogs with Metastatic Mammary Carcinoma: A Pilot Study.
- Author
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Marconato L, Facchinetti A, Zanardello C, Rossi E, Vidotto R, Capello K, Melchiotti E, Laganga P, Zamarchi R, and Vascellari M
- Abstract
In human breast cancer, both circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood and disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow are predictive of short survival and may be used as liquid biopsy to guide therapy. Herein we investigate, for the first time, the feasibility to quantify CTCs and DTCs in canine metastatic mammary carcinoma (MMC) with the automated CellSearch platform, which identifies tumour cells by immune-magnetic enrichment and fluorescent labelling. Using this approach before start of treatment, we could detect at least 1 CTC per 7.5 mL of peripheral blood in 12 out of 27 evaluable samples (44.4%) and at least 1 DTC per 1 mL of bone marrow in 11 out of 14 evaluable samples (78.6%). Conversely, we did not find any CTCs in the healthy, negative control dogs ( n = 5) that we analysed in parallel. Interestingly, the levels of CTCs/DTCs and the prevalence of positive dogs closely resemble results obtained by CellSearch assay in metastatic breast cancer patients at diagnosis. Moreover, in the canine cohort, the presence of CTCs was significantly associated with poor outcome. These observations identify the first actionable marker in veterinarian oncology to guide treatment of canine MMC. Furthermore, our findings have important implications for human research, since it reinforce the value of canine MMC as model useful to speed up pharmacological studies with primary endpoint of overall survival, given the reduced life-span of the canine species.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a cat with feline leukemia and feline infectious peritonitis viral infections.
- Author
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Zandonà L, Brunetta R, Zanardello C, Vascellari M, Persico L, and Mazzolini E
- Subjects
- Animals, Cat Diseases parasitology, Cat Diseases pathology, Cats, Coronavirus, Feline isolation & purification, Feline Infectious Peritonitis virology, Female, Leukemia Virus, Feline isolation & purification, Leukemia, Feline parasitology, Leukemia, Feline virology, Meningoencephalitis parasitology, Meningoencephalitis pathology, Meningoencephalitis veterinary, Toxoplasma isolation & purification, Toxoplasmosis, Animal parasitology, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral parasitology, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral pathology, Cat Diseases virology, Feline Infectious Peritonitis pathology, Leukemia, Feline pathology, Toxoplasmosis, Animal pathology, Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral veterinary
- Abstract
A diarrheic young cat died after neurological involvement. Biochemistry pointed to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). The final diagnosis was severe multifocal meningoencephalitis due to Toxoplasma gondii. The presence of the parasite in the brain was confirmed using immunohistochemical staining. Concomitant feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and FIP were possible contributors to the clinical, fatal outcome.
- Published
- 2018
49. In vitro assessment of quality of citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine-1 preserved feline blood collected by a commercial closed system.
- Author
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Crestani C, Stefani A, Carminato A, Cro A, Capello K, Corrò M, Bozzato E, Mutinelli F, and Vascellari M
- Subjects
- 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate blood, Adenosine Triphosphate blood, Animals, Blood Cell Count veterinary, Blood Preservation methods, Citrates, Fibrinogen analysis, Glucose, Hemolysis, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, In Vitro Techniques, Lactic Acid blood, Osmotic Fragility, Partial Thromboplastin Time veterinary, Potassium blood, Prothrombin Time veterinary, Blood Preservation veterinary, Blood Specimen Collection veterinary, Cats blood
- Abstract
Background: Optimal procedure for storage of feline blood is needed. Open-collection systems have been employed in feline medicine, thus limiting the possibility for storage., Objectives: To evaluate indicators of quality of feline blood stored for 35 days at +4°C in a closed-collection system specifically designed for cats., Animals: Eight healthy adult European domestic shorthair cats with a weight of 5-6.8 kg., Methods: This is a case series study. A bacteriological test, CBC, blood smear, pH, osmotic fragility, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurement were performed weekly on whole blood (WB) units from day 1 to day 35 after donation. The hemolysis index, lactate and potassium concentrations, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen were measured on plasma aliquots., Results: One out of eight blood units (BUs) had bacterial growth (Serratia marcescens) at day 35. No significant differences were found regarding CBC, morphology, pH, and osmotic fragility. Despite high inter-individual variability and low starting levels, significant decreases in the mean concentrations of 2,3-DPG (T0 1.99 mmol/g Hb, SD 0.52, T35 1.25 mmol/g Hb, SD 1.43; P = .003) and ATP (T0 1.45 mmol/g Hb, SD 0.71, T35 0.62 mmol/g Hb, SD 0.51; P < .001) were detected during the study, as opposed to an increase in hemolysis (T0 0.11 mmol/L, SD 0.07, T35 0.84 mmol/L, SD 0.19; P < .001), lactate (T0 3.30 mmol/L, SD 0.86, T35 13.36 mmol/L, SD 2.90; P < .001), and potassium (T0 3.10 mmol/L, SD 0.21, T35 4.12 mmol/L, SD 0.35; P < .001) concentrations., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The commercial BU kit is appropriate for blood collection and conservation of WB in cats. The maintenance of WB quality indicators during storage is essential for future improvements of feline transfusion medicine., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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50. Prevalence and molecular characterization of canine and feline hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) in northern Italy.
- Author
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Ravagnan S, Carli E, Piseddu E, Da Rold G, Porcellato E, Zanardello C, Carminato A, Vascellari M, and Capelli G
- Subjects
- Anemia blood, Anemia microbiology, Animals, Blood Donors, Cat Diseases diagnosis, Cat Diseases microbiology, Cats, Coinfection microbiology, Coinfection veterinary, DNA, Bacterial, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Dog Diseases microbiology, Dogs, Female, Italy epidemiology, Male, Mycoplasma Infections diagnosis, Mycoplasma Infections epidemiology, Mycoplasma Infections microbiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Prevalence, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Risk Factors, Species Specificity, Cat Diseases epidemiology, Dog Diseases epidemiology, Mycoplasma genetics, Mycoplasma Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas), the agents of infectious anemia, have been reported in dogs and cats. Little data are available on hemoplasma infections in Italy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the species of hemoplasmas and their prevalence in dogs and cats of northern Italy., Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 117 candidate blood donor dogs, 278 free-roaming dogs and 227 free-roaming cats in 2014 and 2015. Samples were first screened for hemoplasmas with a SYBR green real time PCR. The positive samples were confirmed by a second SYBR green real time PCR and sequencing. Co-infections were detected using species-specific SYBR green real time PCR., Results: The overall prevalence in dogs was 4.5% (18/395). Among the donors only one dog was positive for Mycoplasma haemocanis (0.8%). The overall prevalence of infection in free-roaming dogs was 6.1% (17/278), which was significantly higher than in candidate donors (P < 0.05). Both M. haemocanis (13/278; 4.7%) and "Candidatus M. haematoparvum" (4/278; 1.4%) were identified. In dogs, no significant association was found between hemoplasma infection and gender, age or origin. The overall prevalence in cats was 13.2% (30/227). All three feline hemoplasma species were detected, i.e. "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum" (28; 12.3%), "Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis" (11; 4.8%) and Mycoplasma haemofelis (9; 4.0%). Half of the infected cats were co-infected (15; 6.6%) with different species of hemoplasmas. Risk factor analysis confirmed that older age, male gender and FIV positivity are predisposing factors for hemoplasma infection in cats., Conclusion: This study found that candidate blood donor dogs in northern Italy show a negligible risk for hemoplasma infection, confirming the appropriateness of the candidate selection criteria and the low prevalence in the study area. Accordingly, testing for hemoplasma should be considered optional for canine blood donor screening. Hemoplasma infection was instead common in free-roaming cats, and is expected to be non-negligible in owned cats with outdoor access. Feline candidates for blood donation will therefore need to be carefully selected.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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