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1. Publisher’s Note: High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 16, 021002 (2013)]

Author

T. R. Edgecock, O. Caretta, T. Davenne, C. Densam, M. Fitton, D. Kelliher, P. Loveridge, S. Machida, C. Prior, C. Rogers, M. Rooney, J. Thomason, D. Wilcox, E. Wildner, I. Efthymiopoulos, R. Garoby, S. Gilardoni, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, M. Martini, J. Osborne, G. Prior, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, C. Waaijer, P. Cupial, A. Chance, A. Longhin, J. Payet, M. Zito, E. Baussan, C. Bobeth, E. Bouquerel, M. Dracos, G. Gaudiot, B. Lepers, F. Osswald, P. Poussot, N. Vassilopoulos, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, J. Bielski, M. Kozien, L. Lacny, B. Skoczen, B. Szybinski, A. Ustrzycka, A. Wroblewski, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophine, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Laveder, M. Mazzocco, M. Mezzetto, C. Signorini, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, P. Migliozzi, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, D. Berkovits, M. Hass, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Schaumann, A. Stahl, J. Wehner, A. Bross, J. Kopp, D. Neuffer, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, P. Soler, S. K. Agarwalla, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Donini, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gomez Cadenas, P. Hernandez, J. Martin-Albo, O. Mena, J. Burguet-Castell, L. Agostino, M. Buizza-Avanzini, M. Marafini, T. Patzak, A. Tonazzo, D. Duchesneau, L. Mosca, M. Bogomilov, Y. Karadzhov, R. Matev, R. Tsenov, E. Akhmedov, M. Blennow, M. Lindner, T. Schwetz, E. Fernandez Martinez, M. Maltoni, J. Menendez, C. Giunti, M. C. Gonzalez Garcia, J. Salvado, P. Coloma, P. Huber, T. Li, J. Lopez Pavon, C. Orme, S. Pascoli, D. Meloni, J. Tang, W. Winter, T. Ohlsson, H. Zhang, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Terranova, M. Bonesini, L. Tortora, A. Alekou, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bontoiu, A. Kurup, L. J. Jenner, K. Long, J. Pasternak, J. Pozimski, J. J. Back, P. Harrison, K. Beard, A. Bogacz, J. S. Berg, D. Stratakis, H. Witte, P. Snopok, N. Bliss, M. Cordwell, A. Moss, S. Pattalwar, and M. Apollonio

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published
2016
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2. Design of a neutrino source based on beta beams

Author

E. Wildner, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, E. Bouquerel, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophime, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, A. Chancé, J. Payet, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Mezzetto, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, M. Mazzocco, C. Signorini, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Hass, D. Berkovits, A. Stahl, M. Schaumann, and J. Wehner

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

“Beta beams” produce collimated pure electron (anti)neutrino beams by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a racetrack shaped storage ring of 7 km circumference, the decay ring. EUROnu beta beams are based on CERN infrastructures and existing machines. Using existing machines may be an advantage for the cost evaluation, but will also constrain the physics performance. The isotope pair of choice for the beta beam is ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne. However, before the EUROnu studies one of the required isotopes, ^{18}Ne, could not be produced in rates that satisfy the needs for physics of the beta beam. Therefore, studies of alternative beta emitters, ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, with properties interesting for a beta beam have been proposed and have been studied within EUROnu. These alternative isotopes could be produced by using a small storage ring, in which the beam traverses a target, creating the ^{8}Li and ^{8}B isotopes. This production ring, the injection linac and the target system have been evaluated. Measurements of the cross section of the reactions to produce the beta beam isotopes show interesting results. A device to collect the produced isotopes from the target has been developed and tested. However, the yields of ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, using the production ring for production of ^{8}Li and ^{8}B, is not yet, according to simulations, giving the rates of isotopes that would be needed. Therefore, a new method of producing the ^{18}Ne isotope has been developed and tested giving good production rates. A 60 GHz ECRIS prototype, the first in the world, was developed and tested for ion production with contributions from EUROnu. The decay ring lattices for the ^{8}Li and ^{8}B have been developed and the lattice for ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne has been optimized to ensure the high intensity ion beam stability.

Published
2014
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3. High intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe

Author

T. R. Edgecock, O. Caretta, T. Davenne, C. Densam, M. Fitton, D. Kelliher, P. Loveridge, S. Machida, C. Prior, C. Rogers, M. Rooney, J. Thomason, D. Wilcox, E. Wildner, I. Efthymiopoulos, R. Garoby, S. Gilardoni, C. Hansen, E. Benedetto, E. Jensen, A. Kosmicki, M. Martini, J. Osborne, G. Prior, T. Stora, T. Melo Mendonca, V. Vlachoudis, C. Waaijer, P. Cupial, A. Chancé, A. Longhin, J. Payet, M. Zito, E. Baussan, C. Bobeth, E. Bouquerel, M. Dracos, G. Gaudiot, B. Lepers, F. Osswald, P. Poussot, N. Vassilopoulos, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter, J. Bielski, M. Kozien, L. Lacny, B. Skoczen, B. Szybinski, A. Ustrzycka, A. Wroblewski, M. Marie-Jeanne, P. Balint, C. Fourel, J. Giraud, J. Jacob, T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, P. Sortais, T. Thuillier, S. Mitrofanov, M. Loiselet, Th. Keutgen, Th. Delbar, F. Debray, C. Trophine, S. Veys, C. Daversin, V. Zorin, I. Izotov, V. Skalyga, G. Burt, A. C. Dexter, V. L. Kravchuk, T. Marchi, M. Cinausero, F. Gramegna, G. De Angelis, G. Prete, G. Collazuol, M. Laveder, M. Mazzocco, M. Mezzetto, C. Signorini, E. Vardaci, A. Di Nitto, A. Brondi, G. La Rana, P. Migliozzi, R. Moro, V. Palladino, N. Gelli, D. Berkovits, M. Hass, T. Y. Hirsh, M. Schaumann, A. Stahl, J. Wehner, A. Bross, J. Kopp, D. Neuffer, R. Wands, R. Bayes, A. Laing, P. Soler, S. K. Agarwalla, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Donini, T. Ghosh, J. J. Gómez Cadenas, P. Hernández, J. Martín-Albo, O. Mena, J. Burguet-Castell, L. Agostino, M. Buizza-Avanzini, M. Marafini, T. Patzak, A. Tonazzo, D. Duchesneau, L. Mosca, M. Bogomilov, Y. Karadzhov, R. Matev, R. Tsenov, E. Akhmedov, M. Blennow, M. Lindner, T. Schwetz, E. Fernández Martinez, M. Maltoni, J. Menéndez, C. Giunti, M. C. González García, J. Salvado, P. Coloma, P. Huber, T. Li, J. López Pavón, C. Orme, S. Pascoli, D. Meloni, J. Tang, W. Winter, T. Ohlsson, H. Zhang, L. Scotto-Lavina, F. Terranova, M. Bonesini, L. Tortora, A. Alekou, M. Aslaninejad, C. Bontoiu, A. Kurup, L. J. Jenner, K. Long, J. Pasternak, J. Pozimski, J. J. Back, P. Harrison, K. Beard, A. Bogacz, J. S. Berg, D. Stratakis, H. Witte, P. Snopok, N. Bliss, M. Cordwell, A. Moss, S. Pattalwar, and M. Apollonio

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The EUROnu project has studied three possible options for future, high intensity neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe. The first is a Super Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of pions created by bombarding targets with a 4 MW proton beam from the CERN High Power Superconducting Proton Linac. The far detector for this facility is the 500 kt MEMPHYS water Cherenkov, located in the Fréjus tunnel. The second facility is the Neutrino Factory, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of μ^{+} and μ^{-} beams in a storage ring. The far detector in this case is a 100 kt magnetized iron neutrino detector at a baseline of 2000 km. The third option is a Beta Beam, in which the neutrinos come from the decay of beta emitting isotopes, in particular ^{6}He and ^{18}Ne, also stored in a ring. The far detector is also the MEMPHYS detector in the Fréjus tunnel. EUROnu has undertaken conceptual designs of these facilities and studied the performance of the detectors. Based on this, it has determined the physics reach of each facility, in particular for the measurement of CP violation in the lepton sector, and estimated the cost of construction. These have demonstrated that the best facility to build is the Neutrino Factory. However, if a powerful proton driver is constructed for another purpose or if the MEMPHYS detector is built for astroparticle physics, the Super Beam also becomes very attractive.

Published
2013
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4. Kinetic whistler instability in a mirror-confined plasma of a continuous ECR ion source

Author

M. Viktorov, I. Izotov, E. Kiseleva, A. Polyakov, S. Vybin, and V. Skalyga

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Kinetic instabilities in a dense plasma of a continuous ECR discharge in a mirror magnetic trap at the GISMO setup are studied. We experimentally define unstable regimes and corresponding plasma parameters, where the excitation of electromagnetic emission is observed, accompanied by the precipitation of energetic electrons from the magnetic trap. Comprehensive experimental study of the precipitating electron energy distribution and plasma electromagnetic emission spectra, together with theoretical estimates of the cyclotron instability increment proves that under the experimental conditions the observed instability is related to the excitation of whistler-mode waves, which are a driver of losses of energetic electrons from the magnetic trap. The results of this study are important for the further development of the GISMO ECRIS facility and for the improvement of its parameters as an ion source. Also, this research of plasma kinetic instabilities is of fundamental interest and provides experimental tools to simultaneously study plasma electromagnetic activity and corresponding changes in a resonant electron energy distribution., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasmas

Published
2023
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5. Beta beams for precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters

Author

Wildner, E., Benedetto, E., Hansen, C., Melo Mendonca, T., Stora, T., Damjanovic, S., Payet, J., Chancé, A., Zorin, V., Izotov, I., Rasin, S., Sidorov, A., Skalyga, V., Angelis, G., Prete, G., Cinausero, M., Kravchuk, V., Gramegna, F., Tommaso Marchi, Collazuol, G., Mezzetto, M., Delbar, T., Loiselet, M., Keutgen, T., Mitrofanov, S., Burt, G., Dexter, A., Lamy, T., Latrasse, L., Marie-Jeanne, M., Sortais, P., Thuillier, T., Debray, F., Trophime, C., Hass, M., Hirsh, T., Berkovits, D., Stahl, A., Vardaci, E., Nitto, A., Brondi, A., Rana, G. L., Moro, R., Rosa, G. D., Palladino, V., E., Wildner, E., Benedetto, C., Hansen, T. D., Melo, T., Stora, S., Damjanovic, J., Payet, A., Chanc, V., Zorin, I., Izotov, S., Rasin, A., Sidorov, V., Skalyga, G. D., Angeli, G., Prete, M., Cinausero, V., Kravchuk, F., Gramegna, T., Marchi, G., Collazuol, M., Mezzetto, T., Delbar, M., Loiselet, T., Keutgen, S., Mitrofanov, G., Burt, A., Dexter, T., Lamy, L., Latrasse, M., Marie Jeanne, P., Sortai, T., Thuillier, F., Debray, C., Trophime, M., Ha, T., Hirsh, D., Berkovit, A., Stahl, Vardaci, Emanuele, DI NITTO, Antonio, Brondi, Augusto, LA RANA, Giovanni, Moro, RENATA EMILIA MARIA, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, and Palladino, Vittorio

Subjects
Neutrons, Neutrino beam, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Beta Beam, Cost estimating, Isotopes, Particle accelerator, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Cost assessment, Cost evaluations, European research, Ion beam stability, Neutrino factories, Neutrino oscillations, Precision measurement, The standard model
Abstract

Neutrino oscillations have implications for the Standard Model of particle physics. The CERN Beta Beam has outstanding capabilities to contribute to precision measurements of the parameters governing neutrino oscillations. The FP7 collaboration EUROnu (2008-2012) is a design study that will review three facilities (Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factories) and perform a cost assessment that, coupled with the physics performance, will give means to the European research authorities to make decisions on future European neutrino oscillation facilities. "Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron (anti)neutrinos by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a storage ring. Using existing machines and infrastructure is an advantage for the cost evaluation; however, this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. Recent work to make the Beta Beam facility a solid option will be described: production of Beta Beam isotopes, the 60 GHz pulsed ECR source development, integration into the LHC-upgrades, insure the high intensity ion beam stability, and optimizations to get high neutrino fluxes. The costing approach will also be described. Copyright ?????? 2012 by IEEE.

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