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Objective: To examine whether olanzapine and quetiapine are useful in the prevention of a new mood episode during the postpartum period., Methods: Data on 23 patients (n=14 for olanzapine and n=9 for quetiapine) with bipolar disorder who met the criteria for this study were retrospectively gathered. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder was determined by means of the DSM-IV., Results: The mean follow-up period was 33.95±12.07 weeks. Six (26.1%) of 23 patients experienced recurrent mood episodes during the postpartum period. Four of these six patients were taking olanzapine and two were taking quetiapine. Patients with recurrent mood episodes had a significantly stronger family history of bipolar disorder, higher number of past episodes, and earlier onset and longer duration of illness compared to patients without recurrent mood episodes., Conclusion: Monotherapy with olanzapine or quetiapine can be considered as an alternative to mood stabilizers in preventing the development of new mood episodes after childbirth.

The aim of the article is to review systematically current researches investigating the relationship between intrauterine exposure to antidepressants and neonatal hypoglycemia. This paper included studies published in electronic databases from January 2005 to July 2020. The searched keywords were as follows: antidepressants, pregnancy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, escitalopram, sertraline, fluvoxamine, selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), venlafaxine, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), neonatal outcomes, neonatal hypoglycemia, imipramine, clomipramine, amitriptyline, bupropion, trazodone, and mirtazapine. This review examined 10 relevant studies. The odds ratio/risk ratio reported in the studies were 1.33-1.73 for any antidepressant, 1.30-1.35 for SSRI, 1.42-2.11 for SNRI, and 2.07 for TCAs. The risk of neonatal hypoglycemia in infants exposed to maternal TCAs appears to be slightly higher compared to infants exposed to maternal SSRIs. Data from current studies consistently show that exposure to maternal antidepressants during pregnancy may be related to increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia in infants., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The author has no conflict of interest to declare., (© Copyright 2021 authors.)

Objective: To investigate the course of panic disorder and its demographic and clinical correlates during the postpartum period., Methods: Data were collected from 38 consecutive postpartum women diagnosed with panic disorder. Psychiatric assessments were carried out on the first day after delivery and at 6-8 weeks postpartum. During the first assessment, the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) were administered to the participants. PAS was also administered at the second assessment., Results: The mean PAS score reduced significantly from baseline to the second assessment. Logistic regression analysis indicated that a shorter duration of panic disorder independently predicted a ≥ 50-point decrease in the severity of panic symptoms during the postpartum period., Conclusion: These findings suggest that patients with a short duration of illness may experience significant alleviation in the severity of panic symptoms during the postpartum period.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder during pregnancy and its effects on gestational age and birth weight., Methods: The sample included 28 untreated patients and 23 patients treated with CBT. Psychiatric diagnoses were determined through the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV. Symptom severity was assessed with standardized rating scales., Results: Post-treatment levels of anxiety symptoms were significantly lower than baseline. There was no significant difference in gestational age or newborn birth weight between the cognitive behavioral therapy group and the untreated group., Conclusions: Cognitive behavioral therapy appears to be a safe and effective treatment for generalized anxiety disorder during pregnancy.

Objective: : We aimed to assess the association between cord blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration and maternal depression during pregnancy., Methods: : A total of 48 pregnant women, admitted for elective caesarean section to Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Konya Research and Training Hospital and Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty, were included in this study. The study group included 23 women diagnosed as having depression during pregnancy and the control group included 25 pregnant women who did not experience depression during pregnancy., Results: : The groups had similar sociodemographic characteristics. Cord blood BDNF concentration was significantly lower in babies born to mothers with major depression as compared with those in the control group. We didn’t find any correlation between the umbilical cord blood BDNF levels and BDI scores., Conclusion: : The results suggest that the existence of major depression in pregnant women may negatively affect fetal circulating BDNF levels.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a relatively common psychiatric disorder in the perinatal period. However, specific pharmacological treatment approaches for patients with OCD during pregnancy have not been satisfactorily discussed in the literature. In addition, there are no randomized controlled studies on the treatment of this disorder during pregnancy. The present paper discusses the pharmacological treatment of OCD in the light of data on the safety of antipsychotics and serotonergic antidepressants during pregnancy and their efficacy in the non-perinatal period. Treatment decisions should be individualized because the risk-benefit profile of pharmacotherapy is an important issue in the treatment of pregnant women with any psychiatric diagnosis.

Objective: We aimed to determine Axis-I psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic pain (CP) and compare control subjects determined by a structured clinical interview. Another objective of the study was to examine whether there is an association between psychiatric disorders and quality of sleep, quality of life, and demographic and clinical characteristics in patients with CP., Design: The study sample was comprised of 108 patients with CP and 54 control subjects without pain. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV (SCID). Also used were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Inventory, Short Form-36, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)., Results: The rate of any Axis-I psychiatric disorder stood at 66.7% (any mood disorder, 50%; any anxiety disorder, 33.3%; any somatoform disorder, 20.4%; any substance use disorder, 16.6%), significantly more common in the patients' group compared with the control group. The most common psychiatric disorder was major depression (49.1%) in subjects with CP. Female gender, numbers of localization, and neck and back localizations were significantly higher in the SCID (+) group than the SCID (-) group. A statistically significant difference was observed between the SCID (+) and SCID (-) groups regarding visual analogue scale, depression and anxiety scores, mental component summary score, and global PSQI scores., Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that psychiatric morbidity in patients with CP is frequently seen and may adversely affect quality of sleep and quality of life of the patients. Therefore, the patients with CP should be examined with respect to their mental status., (Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to examine the current prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders, and factors related to mood and anxiety disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)., Method: The study sample included 83 consecutive patients with RA who were admitted to a rheumatology outpatient clinic. Diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were determined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). To assess physical disability and disease activity, the Health Assessment Questionnaire and the Disease Activity Score, respectively, were used., Results: The prevalence of any mood or any anxiety disorder was 43.4%. The two most common psychiatric diagnoses were major depression (21.7%) and generalized anxiety disorder (16.9%). Mood and anxiety disorders were unrelated to sociodemographic features, disease-related factors, and medications for RA except anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). These disorders, however, were identified less frequently in patients with RA receiving anti-TNF-alpha drugs compared to patients who did not receive such medications., Conclusion: Patients with RA frequently have mood and anxiety disorders, and anti-TNF-alpha drugs may be useful for the mental status of these patients.