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Copyright of RIIS: Revista de Investigação & Inovação em Saúde is the property of RIIS: Revista de Investigacao & Inovacao em Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

By reviewing the scientific literature specialized in sleep disorders (TS) carried out in Mexico, especially at the TS Clinic (Faculty of Medicine-UNAM) at the General Hospital of Mexico (CTS-HGM) from 1948 to 2020, it was possible to document the history of ST research in Mexico and the role played by the CTS-HGM. Sleep Medicine (MS) is one of the newest specialties in Mexico and case research in this field began around 1948, while formal research in 1974. The founding of CTSHGM in 1997 led to significant development in TS research in Mexico. In addition, the CTS-HGM became a center of care for patients with these problems, as well as an important research center, since its publications cover all the diagnostic categories of the CITS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of melatonin and placebo in the patients with atypical facial pain (AFP). Method: This double blind randomized controlled study was carried out on 30 patients who were suffering from AFP. During this period, patients were divided in 2 study and control groups. Then, they were treated with melatonin. Melatonin group used four 3-mg daily and placebo group received 4 placebo which were similar in size, shape, color with melatonin until the end of treatment, and then the severity of burning sensation was measured by physician. Sleep quality was measured using the visual analog scale using the Petersburg questionnaire. Result: The results of the present study show that the use of melatonin and placebo in patients with AFP reduces sensation and improves their sleep quality, although it may not reduce it completely. In this study, severity of burning was 5.71±1.42 after treatment in the study group and 5.93±2.65 in the control group, which was not statistically significant (p=.46). The mean score of sleep before treatment was not significantly different between the study (9±1.23) and the control (8±1.56) groups. The mean score of sleep after treatment between the study group (8±1.45) and the control group (7±1.23) was not significantly different (p=.43). Conclusion: According to the result of the study, melatonin was not superior placebo in treatment of AFP. Resumen: Antecedentes: El presenteestudio se realizó para evaluar el efecto de la Melatonina y Placebo en el paciente con Dolor Facial Atípico (PFA). Método: Este estudiocontrolado, aleatorio, dobleciego se llevó a caboen 30 pacientes que padecían AFP. Durante esteperíodo, lospacientes se dividieronen 2 grupos de estudio y control. Luegofuerontratados con melatonina. El grupo de melatoninautilizócuatrodosis de 3 mg al día y el grupo de placebo recibió 4 placebos que eransimilaresentamaño, forma y color a la melatonina hasta el final del tratamiento, y luego el médicomidió la gravedad de la sensación de ardor. La calidad del sueño se midiómediante la escala VAS utilizando el cuestionario de Petersburgo. Resultado: Los resultados del presenteestudiomuestran que el uso de melatonina y placebo enpacientes con AFP reduce la sensación y mejora la calidad del sueño, aunquepuede no reducirloporcompleto. Enesteestudio, la gravedad del ardor fue de 5,71 ± 1,42 después del tratamientoen el grupo de estudio y de 5,93 ± 2,65 en el grupo de control, lo que no fueestadísticamentesignificativo (P = 0,46). La puntuación media del sueño antes del tratamiento no fuesignificativamentediferente entre losgrupos de estudio (9 ± 1,23) y de control (8 ± 1,56). La puntuación media del sueñodespués del tratamiento entre el grupo de estudio (8 ± 1,45) y el grupo de control (7 ± 1,23) no fuesignificativamentediferente (P = 0,43). Conclusión: Segúnlosresultados del estudio, la melatonina no fue superior al placebo en el tratamiento de la AFP.

Objective: This study assesses the presence of sleep disturbances and their relationship with clinical and demographic variables in patients with MS, with a view to establishing correlations between the different variables and the frequency of sleep disturbances. Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to detect sleep disorders. We contacted patients treated at the MS unit and distributed a questionnaire (PSQI) to 221 patients, receiving 142 usable questionnaires between 8 and 30 September 2019. Results: The prevalence of patients with sleep disturbances in our study was 74.7% (73.7% in women and 76.8% in men). Therefore, sleep disorders are pervasive in patients with MS, with 3 out of 4 patients experiencing them, a higher rate than that observed in the population without the disease. The frequency of sleep disorders gradually increased in line with age. In the 2 age groups analyzed, 44–54 years and 55–68 years, the proportion of moderate and severe sleep disorders was 42.8% and 53.9%, respectively. Moderate and severe sleep disturbances were observed in 27.5%, 44.7%, and 58.3% of patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores of 0–3, 3–6, and >6, respectively. Conclusion: Our results indicate that sleep disorders are more common in patients with MS than in other populations. Patients with secondary progressive forms of MS more frequently present sleep disturbances, while patients with primary progressive forms report them less frequently. Age and degree of disability were positively correlated with the prevalence and severity of sleep disorders in MS patients. Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluamos la presencia de alteraciones del sueño en pacientes con EM y su relación con variables clínicas y demográficas en esta población para establecer correlaciones entre diversas variables y la frecuencia de trastornos del sueño. Métodos: Se utilizó el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh para identificar la presencia de trastornos del sueño. Distribuimos el cuestionario a 221 pacientes de nuestra unidad de EM, y recibimos respuesta de 142 de ellos entre el 8 y el 30 de septiembre de 2019. Resultados: En nuestra muestra, el 74,7% de los pacientes presentaban trastornos del sueño (73,7% de las mujeres y 76,8% de los hombres). Nuestros resultados muestran que los trastornos del sueño están muy presentes en la EM, detectándose en 3 de cada 4 pacientes, lo que supone una proporción mayor que en la población general. La presencia de trastornos del sueño aumenta con la edad. En los 2 grupos etarios analizados (44-54 años y 55-68 años), la proporción de pacientes con trastornos del sueño moderados o graves fue del 42,8% y el 53,9%, respectivamente. El 27,5%, el 44,7% y el 58,3% de los pacientes con puntuaciones de 0-3, 3-6 y >6 puntos en la Escala Expandida del Estado de Discapacidad, respectivamente, presentaron trastornos del sueño moderados o graves. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados indican que los trastornos del sueño son más prevalentes en los pacientes con EM que en otras poblaciones. Dichos trastornos son más frecuentes en pacientes con EM secundaria progresiva que en pacientes con la forma primaria progresiva. La edad y el grado de discapacidad mostraron una correlación positiva con la prevalencia y la gravedad de los trastornos del sueño.

Background: Trauma exposure prevalence and consequent post-traumatic stress disorder among South African adolescents are significant. Sleep disturbances are among the most frequently reported difficulties faced by those dealing with PTSD. The current study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the South African Adolescence Group Sleep Intervention on PTSD symptom severity and sleep disturbance. Method: Sixty-one adolescents with PTSD diagnoses and sleep disturbance were randomly assigned (1:1) to one individual and four group sessions of a sleep intervention (SAASI) or a control group. Participants completed the Child PTSD symptom scale for DSM5 (CPSS-5) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among other sleep and psychiatric measures. The trial was registered on the Pan African Trial Registry (PACTR202208559723690). Results: There was a significant but similar decrease in PSQI scores in both groups over time indicating no overall intervention effect (Wald test = −2.18, p = .029), mean slope = −0.2 (95% CI: −0.37 to −0.02) (p = .583). On the CPSS-5, interaction between groups was also not significant (p = .291). Despite this overall finding, the mean difference in CPSS-SR-5 scores increased over time, with the difference between groups post-treatment -9.10 (95%CI: −18.00 to −0.21), p = .045 and the 1-month follow-up contrast - 11.22 (95%CI: −22.43 to −0.03), p = .049 suggesting that PTSD symptom severity decreased more in the intervention group than the control group. The dropout rate was higher than expected for both the intervention (n = 10; 32%) and control (n = 8; 26.7%) groups. Dropout were mostly school commitments or travel related. Conclusions: Early findings suggest a trend towards dual improvement in sleep quality and PTSD symptom severity in adolescents with a sleep disturbance and PTSD receiving a group sleep intervention (SAASI). Further investigation in a properly powered RCT with detailed retention planning is indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Pediatría de Atención Primaria is the property of LUA Ediciones 3.0 S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana: AOL is the property of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: There is little information on the impact of mobile phone overuse (MPO) in areas in need of social transformation (ANST). Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of MPO in an ANST and its association with sleep disorders, academic performance and obesity. Patients and methods: Consecutive sampling of patients aged 10–17 years who visited a primary care centre in an ARST between October 2019 and March 2020. The study involved performance of a clinical interview with collection of anthropometric, sociodemographic, mobile phone use and sleep data. Results: The analysis included 214 participants. The prevalence of MPO during weekdays (more than 2 h a day) was 37.5% in children aged 10–12 years and 65.2% in 13- to 17-year-olds; in the weekend, the prevalence increased to 66.6% and 81.3%, respectively. In weekdays, MPO was associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, lower maternal educational attainment, greater difficulty waking up, daytime sleepiness and higher frequency of school failure. The adjusted risk was double for excess weight (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04–3.47), obesity (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.23–4.89) and sleep disorders or sleep duration of less than 7 h (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.31–3.92). Weekend MPO was associated with sleep disorders or sleep duration of less than 7 h (OR 2.68; 95% CI 1.40–5.11). Conclusions: The prevalence of mobile phone overuse is high in areas of social exclusion and is associated with sleep disorders, school failure and obesity. Resumen: Introducción: Existe poca información del impacto del abuso del teléfono móvil (AM) en zonas con necesidad de transformación social (ZNTS). Nuestro objetivo es estimar la prevalencia de AM en ZNTS, y su asociación con problemas de sueño, rendimiento escolar y obesidad. Pacientes y métodos: Muestreo consecutivo de sujetos entre 10 y 17 años que acuden a consulta de atención primaria en ZNTS entre octubre 2019 y marzo de 2020. Realización de entrevista clínica, antropometría, datos sociodemográficos, de uso de móvil y sueño. Resultados: Se estudiaron 214 sujetos. El AM durante la semana (más de 2 horas diarias), fue 37,5% en el grupo de 10−12 años y 65,2% en el grupo de 13 a 17 años; durante el fin de semana las prevalencias fueron 66,6% y 81,3%, respectivamente. El AM durante la semana se asoció a más obesidad; menor nivel de estudios maternos, mayor dificultad para despertarse, somnolencia diurna y mayor frecuencia de suspensos. El riesgo ajustado se duplica para sobrepeso u obesidad (odds ratio [OR] 1,90; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%] 1,04 a 3,47), obesidad (OR 2,45; IC95% 1,23 a 4,89) y problemas de sueño o duración de sueño menor de 7 horas (OR 2,26; IC95% 1,31 a 3,92). El AM durante el fin de semana se asoció a problemas de sueño o duración menor de 7 horas (OR 2,68; IC95% 1,40 a 5,11). Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de abuso del móvil en zonas de exclusión social, que se asocia con problemas del sueño, suspensos escolares y obesidad.

Introducción: La calidad del sueño tiene efectos en la salud física y mental, su alteración en estudiantes universitarios dificulta los procesos de memoria, concentración y capacidad de aprendizaje. En Colombia los estudios de sueño se centran principalmente en estudiantes de medicina y enfermería, y muy pocos identifican su relación con la carga académica. Objetivo: Describir los cambios en la calidad del sueño durante un semestre académico y acorde al ciclo de formación en universitarios de una facultad de salud y rehabilitación de Cali, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo mediante la aplicación del Índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh al inicio y cierre del semestre a 241 estudiantes de Fisioterapia, Nutrición y Terapia ocupacional. Resultados: La mayoría de participantes eran mujeres, de 20 años o menos y de estratos socioeconómicos medio y bajo. Al inicio del semestre el 76,35% de estudiantes dormían 7 horas o más y al final se redujo al 49,79%. Al inicio del estudio el 24,90% presentaban mala calidad del sueño y al final la cifra ascendió a 54,36%. Conclusiones: Se presentó un incremento significativo de mala calidad del sueño al final del semestre académico, siendo mayor el cambio en los estudiantes del ciclo profesional.

Copyright of Portuguese Journal of Mental Health Nursing / Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental is the property of Portuguese Society of Mental Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sleep disorders can have several consequences on people's cognition, behavior and social life. However, the therapy used to assess and intervene in these disorders is not yet consolidated. In this context, the aim of this study was to verify the applicability and effectiveness of transcranial stimulation (tACS, tDCS and rTMS) in sleep disorders. A systematic search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines in the Web of Science, PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Initially, 448 articles were found, according to the eligibility criteria. The physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) was used to assess the methodological quality of the 11 final articles. In general, the results indicate that there are both favorable and unfavorable reports on the effectiveness of the therapeutic use of transcranial stimulation techniques in sleep disorders and, therefore, it is still an open question, depending on multiple methodological and conceptual factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire (COS) assesses sleep disorders like insomnia and hypersomnia. However, there are no Latin America studies confirming the two-factor structure obtained in previous research. Objective: To analyze and confirm the two-factor structure of the COS and estimate its psychometric properties. Method: The COS and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) were applied to a sample of 601 Chilean university students. Confirmatory factor analysis and correlations between the COS and DASS-21 subscales were performed. Results: The two-factor structure is replicated, obtaining reasonable adjustment indicators and adequate reliability. Evidence of validity was provided based on the moderate associations between the COS and the Dass-21. Conclusions: the factorial structure is confirmed, and an instrument with valid, reliable evidence is obtained. Thus, this instrument can contribute to the diagnosis of sleep disorders in young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the clinical manifestation of traumatic events and is associated with sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances, if left untreated, may perpetuate or even worsen symptoms of PTSD. Previous studies of other PTSD populations show a higher incidence of sleep impairments and sleep disorders compared to healthy controls (HCs); however, this has never been investigated in trauma-affected refugees diagnosed with PTSD. Objectives: To examine subjective sleep quality, measure sleep architecture, and identify latent sleep disorders in refugees diagnosed with PTSD compared to HCs. Method: This comparative study included 20 trauma-affected refugees diagnosed with PTSD and 20 HC matched on age, sex, and body mass index. All participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing sleep quality, insomnia severity, and disturbing nocturnal behaviour, and all took part in a one-night polysomnography (PSG) assessment. Results: Patients reported significantly poorer subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency compared to HCs. Subjective reports on hours spent in bed were not significantly different between patients and HCs. Patients reported significantly higher nightmare frequency and severity compared to HCs. PSG measures showed that patients had significantly reduced sleep efficiency, more awakenings, and longer REM sleep latency, and spent more time awake, whereas there was no significant differences regarding total time in bed, total sleep time, or sleep latency. The prevalence of sleep disorders was equal between groups. Conclusions: The study identified significant impairments in several sleep domains, with a preponderance of disturbed regulation of sleep resulting in awakenings. These results indicate a need for more focus on hyperarousal and nightmares as key elements of disturbed sleep in PTSD. Furthermore, the study identified a discrepancy between subjective and objective measures concerning total sleep time, raising questions regarding the causes of 'sleep state misperception'. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03535636.. Trial registration: Sleep Impairments in Refugees Diagnosed with PTSD (PSG-PTSD). URL: . ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03535636. Date of registration: 24/05/2018. This is the first study assessing sleep impairments and sleep disorders in refugees diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to healthy controls. The main finding is that both subjectively and objectively measured sleep is disrupted in refugees diagnosed with PTSD compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that these disturbances of sleep are significant targets in treatment of PTSD and stress the importance of focusing on treatment of sleep disturbances in PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sleeping is a fundamental activity for health, and when alterations occur, they increase the risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, endocrine and neurological disorders. Anatomical changes and in respiratory physiology of pregnancy affect the normal course of sleep, which in turn affects the health of the pregnant woman so that alterations in sleep during gestation associate with a greater risk of obstetric complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM affects from 4 to 30% of pregnancies in Mexico, and is associated with short and long term complications for both mother and offspring. A series of recent studies has offered evidence of a relation between sleep disorder and the development of GDM, and proposes oxidative stress, inflammation, activation of the sympathetic nervous system and hormonal deregulation as underlying mechanisms for said relation. This underscores the importance of sleep alteration as a modifiable factor in sight for reduction of the frequency of GDM. The objective of this manuscript is to carry out a descriptive review about different studies published from 2013 to 2022, that have addressed the relationship between sleep disorders and the development of GDM with emphasis on the proposed mechanisms. The databases used were PubMed Central and Scielo, using the keywords: sleep disorders and gestational diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sleeping disorders in the elderly are a frequent condition. However, it is a part of relatively new medicine, since it has only been in the last 40 years it has really studied. The objective of this review is to deepen and update diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these disorders, which is always a challenge for the doctor who attends this age group.

BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular dysfunction has as a key sign the presence of chronic pain and sleep disorders, the latter also related to other health disturbances. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors and sleep disturbances in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out from January to December 2019 in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction. Sleep quality and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS: There were included 40 patients with temporomandibular dysfunction (9 men and 31 women), mean age of 34.5 ± 11.2 years. Two patients with myofacial pain were identified; 11 with joint damage and 27 with degenerative joint disease and arthralgia. Of the 40 patients, 22 had poor sleep quality. In this group, older age was observed (38.5 vs 29.6 years;p = 0.01), expressed pain (16.8 vs 7.7; p = 0.01), proportion of metabolic syndrome (36.4 vs 5.5%; p = 0.01) and therefore higher values of some of its components, such as systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and insulin resistance index, than in those with adequate quality of sleep. The level of pain referred by the patients in the whole group correlated with the Pittsburgh index score (r = 0.47;p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with temporomandibular dysfunction and sleep disorders have a higher cardiovascular risk, which is related to the intensity of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) is a neurological dream disorder with a multifactorial etiology. It consists of a change between the time of going to sleep and the time of waking up, thus affecting the sleep-wake cycle. This disorder affects people of all ages, nevertheless it has increased in young people due to the use of blue-light emitting electronic devices, such as cell phones, computers, tablets, and others. The use of these short-length waves devices (430460 nm; blue light) stimulates the retina's photoreceptive ganglionic cells inducing the synthesis and secretion of melanop-sin. This will inhibit eventually the production and secretion of melatonin, a sleep-inducing hormone produced by the pineal gland. The prevalence of this syndrome is not well known since it is an underestimated entity. Previous studies show that 16% of the young population worldwide, suffers from this clinical entity. The short and long-term consequences of DSPS are: headaches, somnolence, fatigue, cognitive decline, metabolic and immunologic dysregulation, as well as mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, and bipolarity disorder. Its diagnosis is made following standardized criteria and using subjective tools such as the medical history and a sleep diary. The treatment focuses on pharmacological and non-pharmacological options, such as: melatonin administration, behavioral therapies, and short-length wave blocking devices. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of DSPS and emit recommendations to diminish the long-lasting use of blue light-emitting devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El estudio del sueño es un fenómeno complejo que demanda un abordaje interdisciplinario. La conducta vinculada al sueño y los trastornos que de ella puedan derivar, son un fenómeno influido por diversos factores económicos, sociales, de salud física y mental, así como hábitos individuales. Collado (2016) refiere que las altas tasas de morbilidad vinculadas a trastornos del sueño, se han convertido en un problema de salud pública. El confinamiento debido a la pandemia por COVID-19, ha modificado los ciclos sueño-vigilia entre la población, exponiéndolos a riegos de salud mental. Esta condición afecta significativamente a deportistas de alto rendimiento quienes deben mantener estabilidad en sus rutinas de entrenamiento. El objetivo del estudio fue explorar la posible relación entre el confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 y trastornos no orgánicos del sueño. Su justificación surge de las investigaciones vinculadas al perfil epidemiológico y polisomnográfico en la población mexicana, aún son incipientes. Método. El presente estudio es cuantitativo de diseño transversal, de tipo exploratorio y alcance correlacional. Se trabajó con una muestra incidental, conformada por 68 participantes: 33 hombres y 35 mujeres, cuyo criterio central de inclusión fue la adherencia a programas deportivos formales, a quienes se les aplicó el Cuestionario Oviedo de Sueño (COS) (Bobes et. al, 2000), el cual se compone por 15 ítems, agrupados en 3 subescalas que miden: satisfacción subjetiva del sueño, insomnio e hipersomnio. Resultados. Se encontró una correlación significativa en los cambios en los patrones de sueño-vigilia causados por la sobreexposición a dispositivos electrónicos, menor actividad diurna cotidiana, rompimiento con los hábitos y patrones cotidianos del trabajo/descanso y parasomnias. Conclusión. Los resultados coinciden con investigaciones realizadas en otros perfiles sociodemográficos. El cambio de hábitos y patrones vinculados con la conducta del sueño, influyen en la presencia de trastornos no orgánicos del sueño-vigilia en la población estudiada como el insomnio no orgánico de inicio intermedio y los movimientos periódicos de extremidades (MPE), presentándose fatiga, distracción, disminución en la capacidad para trabajar en equipo e integrar información, así como para tomar decisiones y déficit en su rendimiento físico, deportivo y socio-laboral.

Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada, sufren una amplia variedad de síntomas físicos y psicológicos. Al llegar a estadios finales, sufren alteraciones significativas en la salud física, mental, emocional y social, destacándose el impacto en la calidad del sueño. Objetivo: Analizar las principales alteraciones del sueño en pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada. Material y Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba en pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada en estadios 4-5. Se estudiaron las alteraciones del sueño mediante el cuestionario Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburg y su relación con otras variables como la edad, sexo, comorbilidad, Hemoglobina, Creatinina Sérica e Índice de Masa Corporal. Resultados: Se estudiaron 119 pacientes, con una edad media de 67,61±14,89 años; 52 mujeres (43,7%). El valor medio del Índice de Calidad de Sueño fue de 9,66±4 puntos. El 83,2% de los pacientes presentaban alteraciones del sueño (puntuación >5 puntos). Esta puntuación mostró tener una relación significativa con la comorbilidad y la edad. No se encontraron relaciones entre las alteraciones del sueño con el sexo, aclaramiento renal ni Índice de Masa Corporal. Conclusión: Una mayoría de los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada en estadios 4-5 presentan alteraciones del sueño. Estas alteraciones están relacionadas con mayor comorbilidad y edad avanzada, sin que el sexo, el aclaramiento renal o el Índice de Masa Corporal tengan relación con esta alteración, al menos en la muestra estudiada.

Copyright of Nova Scientia is the property of Nova Scientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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RESUMEN Objetivos: Comparar el sueño en los diferentes tipos de paciente y ver cómo influyen en este las diferentes variables, como la toma de fármacos para dormir, la realización de actividad física o las enfermedades asociadas. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal mediante la administración de un cuestionario autoadministrado a la muestra de 57 pacientes en la Residencia San Llorenç de Vila-real, provincia de Castellón, Comunidad Valenciana, en el período que dura el estudio. Resultados: Tras analizar los datos obtenidos del cuestionario en el SPSS se obtienen resultados, como el sexo donde aparecen con más frecuencia trastornos del sueño, que es el masculino, con un 69,2% frente al 52% de las mujeres, así como también el grupo de edad donde más se presentan, que es entre los 86 y los 95 años, con un 64,7% de incidencia. Además, se ha comprobado que un 69% de los residentes que toman medicación duermen mal. No se han obtenido resultados relevantes en cuanto a la actividad física o sobre la patología de base. Conclusiones: Como resultado de la investigación podemos concluir que no todas las variables que se propusieron influyen en el anciano; tan solo lo hacen el sexo, la edad y la medicación de forma relevante. La significación del estudio reside en la cantidad de ancianos que padecen trastornos del sueño y el mal control que se tiene sobre este.

Resumen: Objetivos: Describir las características del sueño de los ancianos internados en un centro sociosanitario tanto en relación con la presencia de insomnio como mediante la calidad del sueño. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y transversal sobre 100 sujetos de 65 años o más, internados en la residencia Núñez de Balboa (Albacete). Variables: características sociodemográficas, comorbilidad, consumo de psicofármacos, diagnóstico de insomnio según el Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales V (DSM-V), dolor, Escala de depresión de Yesavage, Minimental State Examination, Índice de Barthel, Índice de calidad del sueño Pittsburgh (ICSP), y Mini Nutritional Assessment. Resultados: La prevalencia de insomnio fue del 15% y de “malos dormidores”, del 77%. Destaca una latencia en la conciliación del sueño superior a 30 minutos en el 35% de los casos, una eficiencia del sueño inferior al 65% en el 42%, y en contraposición, una calidad subjetiva del sueño de muy buena o bastante buena en un 77%. Las puntuaciones más altas del ICSP se asociaron con peor estado funcional (r = -0,22; p < 0,05), mayor riesgo de depresión (r = 0,33; p < 0,001), peor estado nutricional (r = -0,25; p < 0,05), polifarmacia (r = 0,22; p < 0,05) y dolor (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Nuestra muestra presenta una baja prevalencia de trastorno de insomnio frente a una alta frecuencia de “malos dormidores”, principalmente en sujetos con mayor nivel de dependencia, con mayor riesgo de depresión, con peor estado nutricional, con dolor y polifarmacia.

El estrés académico es el estado emocional o mental que experimentan los educandos durante sus estudios, resultado de un sistema exigente, eventos cotidianos, alta carga de tareas y tiempos de entrega reducidos que llevan a la sobreestimulación del eje Hipotálamo-Pituitaria-Adrenal (HPA); lo cual puede ocasionar que los estudiantes experimenten agotamiento físico y mental, poco interés de estudiar, crisis nerviosas, episodios depresivos y/o ansiedad, cambio en hábitos alimenticios, alteraciones de sueño o fomentar el consumos de psicotrópicos. El estudio evaluó la validez y confiabilidad de la escala SEEU-R que mide el estrés académico. El instrumento fue aplicado en una muestra de estudiantes de diferentes facultades de la Universidad de Panamá. La validez del instrumento fue a través de un análisis factorial, removiendo aquellas variables que no cumplieran con los supuestos y aquellos reactivos con carga factorial menor de 0.400. La consistencia interna por Alfa de Cronbach fue 0.885, los 28 ítems fueron agrupados en 6 factores, explicando el 52.85% de varianza total. La versión propuesta SEEU-P posee una validez conceptual y de constructo con propiedades psicométricas aceptables. Contamos con el instrumento válido y confiable desarrollado en muestras de estudiantes panameños. Una hiperactivación en el eje HPA causada por estrés podría originar: trastorno de sueño, disminución de la movilidad intestinal, incremento leve de la presión arterial, aparición de fatiga, dolor de extremidades y taquicardia.

Objetivo: Conocer las alteraciones y/o trastornos del sueño en los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Google Académico, Scielo, Science Direct, PubMed y Scopus. Se incluyeron artículos científicos en español e inglés y texto completo disponible. Se analizaron aquellos artículos que trataban sobre alteraciones del sueño en los pacientes en prediálisis, y en tratamiento renal sustitutivo: Hemodiálisis, Diálisis Peritoneal y Trasplante Renal. Resultados: Se han incluido 30 artículos publicados entre los años 2013 y 2018. Los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada presentan una alta prevalencia de alteraciones del sueño, llegando a alcanzar una prevalencia de casi el 90% en pacientes en hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal, y 62% en pacientes con trasplante renal; y entre el 44% y el 77% en la etapa prediálisis. Las alteraciones del sueño más frecuentes encontradas, fueron: insomnio, síndrome de piernas inquietas, apnea del sueño y somnolencia diurna excesiva. Como principales medidas y tratamientos utilizados para las alteraciones del sueño en estos pacientes se han encontrado terapias tanto farmacológicas, como no farmacológicas y la combinación de ambas. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones del sueño tienen una alta prevalencia en los pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica Avanzada, tanto en prediálisis como en tratamiento renal sustitutivo; siendo las más frecuentes el insomnio, el síndrome de piernas inquietas, la apnea obstructiva del sueño y la somnolencia diurna excesiva. Entre los factores de riesgo más influyentes destacan: ansiedad y depresión, Diabetes Mellitus, hipertensión arterial, problemas respiratorios y tiempo en diálisis.

Las alteraciones del sueño y el dolor, síntomas que han venido siendo cada vez más reconocidos como síntomas no motores en la enfermedad de Parkinson, pueden ser tan incapacitantes como los síntomas motores e impactan significativamente la calidad de vida de quienes los padecen. En este artículo se habla de la importancia del reconocimiento, el abordaje y el tratamiento de los trastornos del sueño más frecuentes en pacientes como Parkinson, como el trastorno conductual del sueño MOR, el insomnio y sueño fragmentado, la somnolencia diurna y el síndrome de piernas inquietas, así como el abordaje general del dolor en el paciente con esta enfermedad.

Sleeping disorders in the elderly are a frequent condition. However, it is a part of relatively new medicine, since it has only been in the last 40 years it has really studied. The objective of this review is to deepen and update diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these disorders, which is always a challenge for the doctor who attends this age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of sleep disorders occurrence according to age, sex and period of evolution. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted through interview, clinical examination and polysomnography study of 77 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, these subjects were referred to the International Center for Neurological Restoration, Havana, Cuba, from September 2014 to January 2018. Age, sex, and evolution time of Parkinson's disease were evaluated based on sleep disorders diagnosed by polysomnography. Descriptive statistics were used, as well as non-parametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis). Results: The evaluation showed results within normal parameters in 6.49% of the patients, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in 29.87%, insomnia in 29.87% (mainly, type of sleep maintenance insomnia), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in 25.97% and restless legs syndrome associated with periodic movement of the legs during sleep in 7.79%. These disorders showed similar behavior in both sexes, as well as a tendency to worsen with age and time of evolution. Conclusions: High prevalence of sleep disorders was detected in patients with Parkinson's disease, which do not reflect variations according to sex; however, they were more frequent in older patients or patients with a longer evolution period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de insomnio y los condicionantes ambientales que se presentan como factores de riesgo en su aparición en los pacientes de edad igual o superior a 65 años adscritos a dos consultas de enfermería de los centros de salud Ciudad Jardín y Los Ángeles de la Comunidad de Madrid. Método: Estudio descriptivo observacional transversal. Se consideró una proporción esperada de ancianos con insomnio del 25%, un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95% y una precisión de ±7%, resultando un tamaño muestral aleatorizado de 168 pacientes. Resultados: Prevalencia de insomnio del 46%, destacando entre ellos el de mantenimiento. Predominio en el sexo femenino, la diabetes, el consumo de fármacos antihipertensivos y la somnolencia diurna. Conclusión: Resulta recomendable el incremento de las actividades de educación para la salud en relación con este problema y la promoción de cursos para la actualización de los conocimientos de los profesionales para facilitar la correcta detección de los casos.

Numerous biological, psychological, and social factors influence the mental health of elderly individuals to varying degrees. Apart from components related to the normal aging process and the co-occurrence of various medical conditions, events such as the death of a loved one, retirement, or disability significantly contribute to a variety of mental and emotional problems in this stage of the life cycle. The most frequent problems affect the neurocognitive, emotional, and oneiric spheres. Major neurocognitive disorders reduce one’s overall performance and, thus, increase their need for close care. Affective disorders may be exacerbated by the lack of family support and decreased social interactions, which may lead to significant isolation result in suicidal behavior. The increased frequency of sleep disorders such as insomnia and daytime sleepiness and specific disorders such as obstructive apnea significantly alter the quality of life of this population.

It is considered that there is a gap in the diagnosis of sleep disorders, which can lead to several cardiovascular, autonomic and metabolic complications, as well as a high number of traffic accidents. For these reasons, we conducted a literature review on the medical curricula C and D and the syllabi of Morphophysiology III and the Nervous, Endocrine and Reproductive Systems course in order to describe the approach to this topic and the possible existence of a hidden curriculum which prevents graduates from mastering the tools to provide proper care to patients suffering from sleep disorders. We aimed at describing health problems related to the nervous system included in the curricula C and D as well as the corresponding objectives and content in Morphophysiology III and Nervous, Endocrine and Reproductive Systems courses. We concluded that sleep disorders are not reflected in the curricula as health problems to be addressed by the family physician, which poses a risk for proper screening of these disorders and leads to their underreporting. Only a small number of hours are devoted to this topic in the program of Morphophysiology III and even less time in the curriculum D. This can compromise proper consolidation of content related to sleep disorders.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a pathology with frequent systemic repercussions. One of the most affected organs is the brain, as well as the central nervous system, thus becoming a cerebrovascular risk factor regardless of other factors. This syndrome may increase the frequency and severity of primary central nervous system diseases such as epilepsy and dementia syndromes. A cardinal symptom of OSAHS is headache, which has specific characteristics; in addition, different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development have been identified such as frequent micro-arousals from sleep, secondary daytime sleepiness, altered attention capacity, concentration, motor reaction, affection, among others. Together, these mechanisms affect other higher mental functions including judgment, reasoning or memory. Factors like hypoxemia, hypercapnia, increased heart rate and blood pressure, adrenaline secretion, noradrenaline or cortisol during sleep contribute to the endothelial alteration responsible for cerebrovascular disease.

Introducción: La persona con enfermedad renal crónica en terapia dialítica presenta alteraciones en diferentes dimensiones de su vida, entre ellos el sueño, considerado una de las necesidades biológicas más importantes del organismo. Objetivo: Conocer las principales alteraciones del sueño en pacientes con ERC en tratamiento dialítico, los factores que influyen en su aparición y cuidados de enfermería. Metodología: Revisión narrativa de la literatura. Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios primarios y revisiones sistemáticas, tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos, sobre alteraciones del sueño en pacientes adultos con ERC en terapia dialítica. Se consultaron las bases de datos Medline, Scielo y Epistemonikos. Resultados: La prevalencia de trastornos del sueño es alta en personas con enfermedad renal crónica que se someten a diálisis, las principales son síndrome de piernas inquietas y síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño. En el primero, el principal factor causal es el déficit de hierro y disfunción de dopamina, mientras que en el segundo son la sobrecarga de volumen y estrechez de vías respiratorias. El manejo responde a medidas farmacológicas como administración de hierro, agentes dopaminérgicos y uso de CPAP, además de medidas no farmacológicas que son transversales a ambos, como higiene del sueño. Conclusión: Las alteraciones del sueño en los pacientes en diálisis claramente repercuten en su calidad de vida, por lo que es un aspecto en que los profesionales de salud debiesen adquirir conocimientos y otorgar cuidados de enfermería específicos para prevenir, atenuar síntomas y evitar complicaciones.