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2. Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R. J., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., Lowe, S., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Meinhold, P. R., Morgante, G., Pearson, D., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aja, B., Artal, E., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaglia, P., Bennett, K., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Danese, L., D'Arcangelo, O., Davies, R. D., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Foley, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Génova-Santos, R. T., George, D., Gómez, F., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Herreros, J. M., Hoyland, R. J., Hughes, N., Jewell, J., Jukkala, P., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kilpia, V. -H., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Laaninen, M., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. -M., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Leutenegger, P., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Malaspina, M., Marinucci, D., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Miccolis, M., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Pospieszalski, M., Prézeau, G., Prina, M., Procopio, P., Puget, J. -L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Roddis, N., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Tauber, J. A., Tofani, G., Toffolatti, L., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Watson, C., White, S. D. M., and Winder, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The scientific performance of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) after one year of in-orbit operation is presented. We describe the main optical parameters and discuss photometric calibration, white noise sensitivity, and noise properties. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the main systematic effects is presented. For each of the performance parameters, we outline the methods used to obtain them from the flight data and provide a comparison with pre-launch ground assessments, which are essentially confirmed in flight., Comment: Published version

Published
2011
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3. Planck Early Results. V. The Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author

Zacchei, A., Maino, D., Baccigalupi, C., Bersanelli, M., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Cuttaia, F., de Zotti, G., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Knoche, J., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., López-Caniego, M., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Matthai, F., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Natoli, P., Pasian, F., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Rohlfs, R., Sandri, M., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Zonca, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Bedini, L., Bennett, K., Binko, P., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bremer, M., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Troia, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Dörl, U., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Gasparo, F., Génova-Santos, R. T., Giardino, G., Gómez, F., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hell, R., Herranz, D., Hovest, W., Huynh, M., Jewell, J., Juvela, M., Kisner, T. S., Knox, L., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. -M., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Lilje, P. B., Lubin, P. M., Maggio, G., Marinucci, D., Martínez-González, E., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Meharga, M. T., Melchiorri, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pearson, D., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Prézeau, G., Procopio, P., Puget, J. -L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Salerno, E., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Silk, J. I., Smoot, G. F., Sternberg, J., Stivoli, F., Stompor, R., Tofani, G., Toffolatti, L., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Vuerli, C., Wade, L. A., Watson, R., White, S. D. M., and Wilkinson, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the processing of data from the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) used in production of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). In particular, we discuss the steps involved in reducing the data from telemetry packets to cleaned, calibrated, time-ordered data (TOD) and frequency maps. Data are continuously calibrated using the modulation of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation induced by the motion of the spacecraft. Noise properties are estimated from TOD from which the sky signal has been removed using a generalized least square map-making algorithm. Measured 1/f noise knee-frequencies range from 100mHz at 30GHz to a few tens of mHz at 70GHz. A destriping code (Madam) is employed to combine radiometric data and pointing information into sky maps, minimizing the variance of correlated noise. Noise covariance matrices required to compute statistical uncertainties on LFI and Planck products are also produced. Main beams are estimated down to the approx -10dB level using Jupiter transits, which are also used for geometrical calibration of the focal plane., Comment: A&A Volume 536, December 2011 Planck early results

Published
2011
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4. First results on Martian carbon monoxide from Herschel/HIFI observations

Author

Hartogh, P., Błęcka, M. I., Jarchow, C., Sagawa, H., Lellouch, E., de Val-Borro, M., Rengel, M., Medvedev, A. S., Swinyard, B. M., Moreno, R., Cavalié, T., Lis, D. C., Banaszkiewicz, M., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Crovisier, J., Encrenaz, T., Küppers, M., Lara, L. -M., Szutowicz, S., Vandenbussche, B., Bensch, F., Bergin, E. A., Billebaud, F., Biver, N., Blake, G. A., Blommaert, J. A. D. L., Cernicharo, J., Decin, L., Encrenaz, P., Feuchtgruber, H., Fulton, T., de Graauw, T., Jehin, E., Kidger, M., Lorente, R., Naylor, D. A., Portyankina, G., Sánchez-Portal, M., Schieder, R., Sidher, S., Thomas, N., Verdugo, E., Waelkens, C., Lorenzani, A., Tofani, G., Natale, E., Pearson, J., Klein, T., Leinz, C., Güsten, R., and Kramer, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on the initial analysis of Herschel/HIFI carbon monoxide (CO) observations of the Martian atmosphere performed between 11 and 16 April 2010. We selected the (7-6) rotational transitions of the isotopes ^{13}CO at 771 GHz and C^{18}O at 768 GHz in order to retrieve the mean vertical profile of temperature and the mean volume mixing ratio of carbon monoxide. The derived temperature profile agrees within less than 5 K with general circulation model (GCM) predictions up to an altitude of 45 km, however, show about 12-15 K lower values at 60 km. The CO mixing ratio was determined as 980 \pm 150 ppm, in agreement with the 900 ppm derived from Herschel/SPIRE observations in November 2009., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (special issue on HIFI first results); minor changes to match published version

Published
2010
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5. The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory

Author

Poglitsch, A., Waelkens, C., Geis, N., Feuchtgruber, H., Vandenbussche, B., Rodriguez, L., Krause, O., Renotte, E., van Hoof, C., Saraceno, P., Cepa, J., Kerschbaum, F., Agnese, P., Ali, B., Altieri, B., Andreani, P., Augueres, J. -L., Balog, Z., Barl, L., Bauer, O. H., Belbachir, N., Benedettini, M., Billot, N., Boulade, O., Bischof, H., Blommaert, J., Callut, E., Cara, C., Cerulli, R., Cesarsky, D., Contursi, A., Creten, Y., De Meester, W., Doublier, V., Doumayrou, E., Duband, L., Exter, K., Genzel, R., Gillis, J. -M., Grözinger, U., Henning, T., Herreros, J., Huygen, R., Inguscio, M., Jakob, G., Jamar, C., Jean, C., de Jong, J., Katterloher, R., Kiss, C., Klaas, U., Lemke, D., Lutz, D., Madden, S., Marquet, B., Martignac, J., Mazy, A., Merken, P., Montfort, F., Morbidelli, L., Müller, T., Nielbock, M., Okumura, K., Orfei, R., Ottensamer, R., Pezzuto, S., Popesso, P., Putzeys, J., Regibo, S., Reveret, V., Royer, P., Sauvage, M., Schreiber, J., Stegmaier, J., Schmitt, D., Schubert, J., Sturm, E., Thiel, M., Tofani, G., Vavrek, R., Wetzstein, M., Wieprecht, E., and Wiezorrek, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) is one of the three science instruments on ESA's far infrared and submillimetre observatory. It employs two Ge:Ga photoconductor arrays (stressed and unstressed) with 16x25 pixels, each, and two filled silicon bolometer arrays with 16x32 and 32x64 pixels, respectively, to perform integral-field spectroscopy and imaging photometry in the 60-210\mu\ m wavelength regime. In photometry mode, it simultaneously images two bands, 60-85\mu\ m or 85-125\mu\m and 125-210\mu\ m, over a field of view of ~1.75'x3.5', with close to Nyquist beam sampling in each band. In spectroscopy mode, it images a field of 47"x47", resolved into 5x5 pixels, with an instantaneous spectral coverage of ~1500km/s and a spectral resolution of ~175km/s. We summarise the design of the instrument, describe observing modes, calibration, and data analysis methods, and present our current assessment of the in-orbit performance of the instrument based on the Performance Verification tests. PACS is fully operational, and the achieved performance is close to or better than the pre-launch predictions.

Published
2010
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6. EVN observations of 6.7 GHz methanol masers from Medicina survey

Author

Voronkov, M. A., Slysh, V. I., Palagi, F., and Tofani, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We report VLBI observations of methanol masers in the brightest 5(1)-6(0) A+ transition at 6.7 GHz in NGC 281W, 18151-1208 and 19388+2357. Using the fringe rate method absolute positions were obtained for all observed sources. A linear ordered structure with a velocity gradient was revealed in NGC 281W. Under assumption that such structure is an edge-on Keplerian disk around the central object with a mass of 30Msun located at a distance of 3.5 kpc from the Sun, we estimated that methanol masers are situated at the distance about 400 a.u. from the center of the disk. A second epoch of observations was reported for L1206, GL2789 and 20062+3550. The upper limits on the relative motions of maser spots are estimated to be 4.7 km/s and 28 km/s for L1206 and GL2789 respectively., Comment: 2 pages, 1 table, 2 figures, proceedings of the 6th EVN Symposium

Published
2002

10. Electroformed front-end at 100 GHz for radio-astronomical applications

Author

Banham, R., Valsecchi, G., Lucci, L., Pelosi, G., Selleri, S., Natale, V., Nesti, R., and Tofani, G.

Subjects
Radio astronomy -- Research, Observatories -- Equipment and supplies, Astronomical observatories -- Equipment and supplies, Business, Electronics and electrical industries, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Telecommunications industry, Research, Equipment and supplies
Abstract

The design of the front-end for a radio-astronomical receiver usually presents notable challenges in terms of large bandwidth and polarization purity and, more recently, for the very high frequencies investigated. [...]

Published
2005

11. Planck pre-launch status: The Planck mission

Author

Tauber, J, Mandolesi, N, Puget, J, Banos, T, Bersanelli, M, Bouchet, F, Butler, R, Charra, J, Crone, G, Dodsworth, J, Efstathiou, G, Gispert, R, Guyot, G, Gregorio, A, Juillet, J, Lamarre, J, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, NØRGAARD NIELSEN, H, Passvogel, T, Reix, J, Texier, D, Vibert, L, Zacchei, A, Ade, P, Aghanim, N, Aja, B, Alippi, E, Aloy, L, Armand, P, Arnaud, M, Arondel, A, ARREOLA VILLANUEVA, A, Artal, E, Artina, E, Arts, A, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Azzaro, M, Bacchetta, A, Baccigalupi, C, Baker, M, Balasini, M, Balbi, A, Banday, A, Barbier, G, Barreiro, R, Bartelmann, M, Battaglia, P, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Beney, J, Beneyton, R, Bennett, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bhandari, P, Bhatia, R, Biggi, M, Biggins, R, Billig, G, Blanc, Y, Blavot, H, Bock, J, Bonaldi, A, Bond, R, Bonis, J, Borders, J, Borrill, J, Boschini, L, Boulanger, F, Bouvier, J, Bouzit, M, Bowman, R, Bréelle, E, Bradshaw, T, Braghin, M, Bremer, M, Brienza, D, Broszkiewicz, D, Burigana, C, Burkhalter, M, Cabella, P, Cafferty, T, Cairola, M, Caminade, S, Camus, P, Cantalupo, C, Cappellini, B, Cardoso, J, Carr, R, Catalano, A, Cayón, L, Cesa, M, Chaigneau, M, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chambelland, J, Charra, M, Chiang, L, Chlewicki, G, Christensen, P, Church, S, Ciancietta, E, Cibrario, M, Cizeron, R, Clements, D, Collaudin, B, Colley, J, Colombi, S, Colombo, A, Colombo, F, Corre, O, Couchot, F, Cougrand, B, Coulais, A, Couzin, P, Crane, B, Crill, B, Crook, M, Crumb, D, Cuttaia, F, Dörl, U, DA SILVA, P, Daddato, R, Damasio, C, Danese, L, D'Aquino, G, D'Arcangelo, O, Dassas, K, Davies, R, Davies, W, Davis, R, DE BERNARDIS, P, DE CHAMBURE, D, DE GASPERIS, G, DE LA FUENTE, M, DE PACO, P, DE ROSA, A, DE TROIA, G, DE ZOTTI, G, Dehamme, M, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, J, Désert, F, DI GIROLAMO, G, Dickinson, C, Doelling, E, Dolag, K, Domken, I, Douspis, M, Doyle, D, Du, S, Dubruel, D, Dufour, C, Dumesnil, C, Dupac, X, Duret, P, Eder, C, Elfving, A, Enlin, T, Eng, P, English, K, Eriksen, H, Estaria, P, Falvella, M, Ferrari, F, Finelli, F, Fishman, A, Fogliani, S, Foley, S, Fonseca, A, Forma, G, Forni, O, Fosalba, P, Fourmond, J, Frailis, M, Franceschet, C, Franceschi, E, François, S, Frerking, M, GÓMEZ REÑASCO, M, Górski, K, Gaier, T, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, GARCÍA LÁZARO, J, Garnica, A, Gaspard, M, Gavila, E, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Gienger, G, GIRAUD HERAUD, Y, Glorian, J, Griffin, M, Gruppuso, A, Guglielmi, L, Guichon, D, Guillaume, B, Guillouet, P, Haissinski, J, Hansen, F, Hardy, J, Harrison, D, Hazell, A, Hechler, M, Heckenauer, V, Heinzer, D, Hell, R, HENROT VERSILLÉ, S, HERNÁNDEZ MONTEAGUDO, C, Herranz, D, Herreros, J, Hervier, V, Heske, A, Heurtel, A, Hildebrandt, S, Hills, R, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Hollert, D, Holmes, W, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Hoyland, R, Huey, G, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, N, Israelsson, U, Jackson, B, Jaffe, A, Jaffe, T, Jagemann, T, Jessen, N, Jewell, J, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Kaplan, J, Karlman, P, Keck, F, Keihänen, E, King, M, Kisner, T, Kletzkine, P, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Koch, T, Krassenburg, M, KURKI SUONIO, H, Lähteenmäki, A, Lagache, G, Lagorio, E, Lami, P, Lande, J, Lange, A, Langlet, F, Lapini, R, Lapolla, M, Lasenby, A, LE JEUNE, M, Leahy, J, Lefebvre, M, Legrand, F, LE MEUR, G, Leonardi, R, Leriche, B, Leroy, C, Leutenegger, P, Levin, S, Lilje, P, Lindensmith, C, LINDEN VØRNLE, M, Loc, A, Longval, Y, Lubin, P, Luchik, T, Luthold, I, MACIAS PEREZ, J, Maciaszek, T, Mactavish, C, Madden, S, Maffei, B, Magneville, C, Maino, D, Mambretti, A, Mansoux, B, Marchioro, D, Maris, M, Marliani, F, Marrucho, J, MARTÍ CANALES, J, MARTÍNEZ GONZÁLEZ, E, MARTÍN POLEGRE, A, Martin, P, Marty, C, Marty, W, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mcdonald, A, Mcgrath, P, Mediavilla, A, Meinhold, P, Mélin, J, Melot, F, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mervier, C, Meslier, L, Miccolis, M, MIVILLE DESCHENES, M, Moneti, A, Montet, D, Montier, L, Mora, J, Morgante, G, Morigi, G, Morinaud, G, Morisset, N, Mortlock, D, Mottet, S, Mulder, J, Munshi, D, Murphy, A, Murphy, P, Musi, P, Narbonne, J, Naselsky, P, Nash, A, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, B, Newell, J, Nexon, M, Nicolas, C, Nielsen, P, Ninane, N, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, O'Dwyer, I, Oldeman, P, Olivier, P, Ouchet, L, Oxborrow, C, PÉREZ CUEVAS, L, Pagan, L, Paine, C, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Pancher, F, Panh, J, Parks, G, Parnaudeau, P, Partridge, B, Parvin, B, Pascual, J, Pasian, F, Pearson, D, Pearson, T, Pecora, M, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piersanti, O, Plaige, E, Plaszczynski, S, Platania, P, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poulleau, G, Poutanen, T, Prézeau, G, Pradell, L, Prina, M, Prunet, S, Rachen, J, Rambaud, D, Rame, F, Rasmussen, I, Rautakoski, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Reiter, J, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Rideau, P, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Riti, J, Rocha, G, Roche, Y, Pons, R, Rohlfs, R, Romero, D, Roose, S, Rosset, C, Rouberol, S, ROWAN ROBINSON, M, RUBIÑO MARTÍN, J, Rusconi, P, Rusholme, B, Salama, M, Salerno, E, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Sanz, J, Sauter, L, Sauvage, F, Savini, G, Schmelzel, M, Schnorhk, A, Schwarz, W, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Shellard, P, Shih, C, Sias, M, Silk, J, Silvestri, R, Sippel, R, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Stassi, P, Sternberg, J, Stivoli, F, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Stringhetti, L, Strommen, D, Stute, T, Sudiwala, R, Sugimura, R, Sunyaev, R, Sygnet, J, Türler, M, Taddei, E, Tallon, J, Tamiatto, C, Taurigna, M, Taylor, D, Terenzi, L, Thuerey, S, Tillis, J, Tofani, G, Toffolatti, L, Tommasi, E, Tomasi, M, Tonazzini, E, Torre, J, Tosti, S, Touze, F, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Tuttlebee, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Vallée, D, VAN DER VLIS, M, VAN LEEUWEN, F, Vanel, J, VAN TENT, B, Varis, J, Vassallo, E, Vescovi, C, Vezzu, F, Vibert, D, Vielva, P, Vierra, J, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Vuerli, C, Wade, L, Walker, A, Wandelt, B, Watson, C, Werner, D, White, M, White, S, Wilkinson, A, Wilson, P, Woodcraft, A, Yoffo, B, Yun, M, Yurchenko, V, Yvon, D, Zhang, B, Zimmermann, O, Zonca, A, Zorita, D, TAUBER J. A, MANDOLESI N, PUGET J. L, BANOS T, BERSANELLI M, BOUCHET F. R, BUTLER R. C, CHARRA J, CRONE G, DODSWORTH J, EFSTATHIOU G, GISPERT R, GUYOT G, GREGORIO A, JUILLET J. J, LAMARRE J. M, LAUREIJS R. J, LAWRENCE C. R, NØRGAARD NIELSEN H. U, PASSVOGEL T, REIX J. M, TEXIER D, VIBERT L, ZACCHEI A, ADE P. A. R, AGHANIM N, AJA B, ALIPPI E, ALOY L, ARMAND P, ARNAUD M, ARONDEL A, ARREOLA VILLANUEVA A, ARTAL E, ARTINA E, ARTS A, ASHDOWN M, AUMONT J, AZZARO M, BACCHETTA A, BACCIGALUPI C, BAKER M, BALASINI M, BALBI A, BANDAY A. J, BARBIER G, BARREIRO R. B, BARTELMANN M, BATTAGLIA P, BATTANER E, BENABED K, BENEY J. L, BENEYTON R, BENNETT K, BENOIT A, BERNARD J. P, BHANDARI P, BHATIA R, BIGGI M, BIGGINS R, BILLIG G, BLANC Y, BLAVOT H, BOCK J. J, BONALDI A, BOND R, BONIS J, BORDERS J, BORRILL J, BOSCHINI L, BOULANGER F, BOUVIER J, BOUZIT M, BOWMAN R, BRÉELLE E, BRADSHAW T, BRAGHIN M, BREMER M, BRIENZA, DANIELE, BROSZKIEWICZ D, BURIGANA C, BURKHALTER M, CABELLA, PAOLO, CAFFERTY T, CAIROLA M, CAMINADE S, CAMUS P, CANTALUPO C. M, CAPPELLINI B, CARDOSO J. F, CARR R, CATALANO, Andrea, CAYÓN L, CESA M, CHAIGNEAU M, CHALLINOR A, CHAMBALLU A, CHAMBELLAND J. P, CHARRA M, CHIANG L. Y, CHLEWICKI G, CHRISTENSEN P. R, CHURCH S, CIANCIETTA E, CIBRARIO M, CIZERON R, CLEMENTS D, COLLAUDIN B, COLLEY J. M, COLOMBI S, COLOMBO A, COLOMBO F, CORRE O, COUCHOT F, COUGRAND B, COULAIS A, COUZIN P, CRANE B, CRILL B, CROOK M, CRUMB D, CUTTAIA F, DÖRL U, DA SILVA P, DADDATO R, DAMASIO C, DANESE L, D'AQUINO G, D'ARCANGELO O, DASSAS K, DAVIES R. D, DAVIES W, DAVIS R. J, DE BERNARDIS, Paolo, DE CHAMBURE D, DE GASPERIS G, DE LA FUENTE M. L, DE PACO P, DE ROSA A, DE TROIA, Grazia, DE ZOTTI G, DEHAMME M, DELABROUILLE J, DELOUIS J. M, DÉSERT F. 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X, DI GIROLAMO G, DICKINSON C, DOELLING E, DOLAG K, DOMKEN I, DOUSPIS M, DOYLE D, DU S, DUBRUEL D, DUFOUR C, DUMESNIL C, DUPAC X, DURET P, EDER C, ELFVING A, ENLIN T. A, ENG P, ENGLISH K, ERIKSEN H. K, ESTARIA P, FALVELLA M. C, FERRARI F, FINELLI F, FISHMAN A, FOGLIANI S, FOLEY S, FONSECA A, FORMA G, FORNI O, FOSALBA P, FOURMOND J. J, FRAILIS M, FRANCESCHET C, FRANCESCHI E, FRANÇOIS S, FRERKING M, GÓMEZ REÑASCO M. F, GÓRSKI K. M, GAIER T. C, GALEOTTA S, GANGA K, GARCÍA LÁZARO J, GARNICA A, GASPARD M, GAVILA E, GIARD M, GIARDINO G, GIENGER G, GIRAUD HERAUD Y, GLORIAN J. M, GRIFFIN M, GRUPPUSO A, GUGLIELMI L, GUICHON D, GUILLAUME B, GUILLOUET P, HAISSINSKI J, HANSEN F. K, HARDY J, HARRISON D, HAZELL A, HECHLER M, HECKENAUER V, HEINZER D, HELL R, HENROT VERSILLÉ S, HERNÁNDEZ MONTEAGUDO C, HERRANZ D, HERREROS J. M, HERVIER V, HESKE A, HEURTEL A, HILDEBRANDT S. R, HILLS R, HIVON E, HOBSON M, HOLLERT D, HOLMES W, HORNSTRUP A, HOVEST W, HOYLAND R. J, HUEY G, HUFFENBERGER K. M, HUGHES N, ISRAELSSON U, JACKSON B, JAFFE A, JAFFE T. R, JAGEMANN T, JESSEN N. C, JEWELL J, JONES W, JUVELA M, KAPLAN J, KARLMAN P, KECK F, KEIHÄNEN E, KING M, KISNER T. S, KLETZKINE P, KNEISSL R, KNOCHE J, KNOX L, KOCH T, KRASSENBURG M, KURKI SUONIO H, LÄHTEENMÄKI A, LAGACHE G, LAGORIO E, LAMI P, LANDE J, LANGE A, LANGLET F, LAPINI R, LAPOLLA M, LASENBY A, LE JEUNE M, LEAHY J. P, LEFEBVRE M, LEGRAND F, LE MEUR G, LEONARDI R, LERICHE B, LEROY C, LEUTENEGGER P, LEVIN S. M, LILJE P. B, LINDENSMITH C, LINDEN VØRNLE M, LOC A, LONGVAL Y, LUBIN P. M, LUCHIK T, LUTHOLD I, MACIAS PEREZ J. F, MACIASZEK T, MACTAVISH C, MADDEN S, MAFFEI B, MAGNEVILLE C, MAINO D, MAMBRETTI A, MANSOUX B, MARCHIORO D, MARIS M, MARLIANI F, MARRUCHO J. C, MARTÍ CANALES J, MARTÍNEZ GONZÁLEZ E, MARTÍN POLEGRE A, MARTIN P, MARTY C, MARTY W, MASI, Silvia, MASSARDI M, MATARRESE S, MATTHAI F, MAZZOTTA P, MCDONALD A, MCGRATH P, MEDIAVILLA A, MEINHOLD P. R, MÉLIN J. B, MELOT F, MENDES L, MENNELLA A, MERVIER C, MESLIER L, MICCOLIS M, MIVILLE DESCHENES M. A, MONETI A, MONTET D, MONTIER L, MORA J, MORGANTE G, MORIGI G, MORINAUD G, MORISSET N, MORTLOCK D, MOTTET S, MULDER J, MUNSHI D, MURPHY A, MURPHY P, MUSI P, NARBONNE J, NASELSKY P, NASH A, NATI, FEDERICO, NATOLI P, NETTERFIELD B, NEWELL J, NEXON M, NICOLAS C, NIELSEN P. H, NINANE N, NOVIELLO F, NOVIKOV D, NOVIKOV I, O'DWYER I. J, OLDEMAN P, OLIVIER P, OUCHET L, OXBORROW C. A, PÉREZ CUEVAS L, PAGAN L, PAINE C, PAJOT F, PALADINI R, PANCHER F, PANH J, PARKS G, PARNAUDEAU P, PARTRIDGE B, PARVIN B, PASCUAL J. P, PASIAN F, PEARSON D. P, PEARSON T, PECORA M, PERDEREAU O, PEROTTO L, PERROTTA F, PIACENTINI, Francesco, PIAT M, PIERPAOLI E, PIERSANTI O, PLAIGE E, PLASZCZYNSKI S, PLATANIA P, POINTECOUTEAU E, POLENTA, GIANLUCA, PONTHIEU N, POPA L, POULLEAU G, POUTANEN T, PRÉZEAU G, PRADELL L, PRINA M, PRUNET S, RACHEN J. P, RAMBAUD D, RAME F, RASMUSSEN I, RAUTAKOSKI J, REACH W. T, REBOLO R, REINECKE M, REITER J, RENAULT C, RICCIARDI, Sara, RIDEAU P, RILLER T, RISTORCELLI I, RITI J. B, ROCHA G, ROCHE Y, PONS R, ROHLFS R, ROMERO D, ROOSE S, ROSSET C, ROUBEROL S, ROWAN ROBINSON M, RUBIÑO MARTÍN J. A, RUSCONI P, RUSHOLME B, SALAMA M, SALERNO E, SANDRI M, SANTOS D, SANZ J. L, SAUTER L, SAUVAGE F, SAVINI, Giorgio, SCHMELZEL M, SCHNORHK A, SCHWARZ W, SCOTT D, SEIFFERT M. D, SHELLARD P, SHIH C, SIAS M, SILK J. I, SILVESTRI R, SIPPEL R, SMOOT G. F, STARCK J. L, STASSI P, STERNBERG J, STIVOLI, federico, STOLYAROV V, STOMPOR R, STRINGHETTI L, STROMMEN D, STUTE T, SUDIWALA R, SUGIMURA R, SUNYAEV R, SYGNET J. F, TÜRLER M, TADDEI E, TALLON J, TAMIATTO C, TAURIGNA M, TAYLOR D, TERENZI L, THUEREY S, TILLIS J, TOFANI G, TOFFOLATTI L, TOMMASI E, TOMASI M, TONAZZINI E, TORRE J. P, TOSTI S, TOUZE F, TRISTRAM M, TUOVINEN J, TUTTLEBEE M, UMANA G, VALENZIANO L, VALLÉE D, VAN DER VLIS M, VAN LEEUWEN F, VANEL J. C, VAN TENT B, VARIS J, VASSALLO E, VESCOVI C, VEZZU F, VIBERT D, VIELVA P, VIERRA J, VILLA F, VITTORIO N, VUERLI C, WADE L. A, WALKER A. R, WANDELT B. D, WATSON C, WERNER D, WHITE M, WHITE S. D. M, WILKINSON A, WILSON P, WOODCRAFT A, YOFFO B, YUN M, YURCHENKO V, YVON D, ZHANG B, ZIMMERMANN O, ZONCA A, and ZORITA D.

Abstract

The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, launched on 14 May 2009, is the third-generation space experiment in the field of cosmic microwave background (CMB) research. It will image the anisotropies of the CMB over the whole sky, with unprecedented sensitivity (${{\Delta T}\over T}$ ~ 2 × 10-6) and angular resolution (~5 arcmin). Planck will provide a major source of information relevant to many fundamental cosmological problems and will test current theories of the early evolution of the Universe and the origin of structure. It will also address a wide range of areas of astrophysical research related to the Milky Way as well as external galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The ability of Planck to measure polarization across a wide frequency range (30-350 GHz), with high precision and accuracy, and over the whole sky, will provide unique insight, not only into specific cosmological questions, but also into the properties of the interstellar medium. This paper is part of a series which describes the technical capabilities of the Planck scientific payload. It is based on the knowledge gathered during the on-ground calibration campaigns of the major subsystems, principally its telescope and its two scientific instruments, and of tests at fully integrated satellite level. It represents the best estimate before launch of the technical performance that the satellite and its payload will achieve in flight. In this paper, we summarise the main elements of the payload performance, which is described in detail in the accompanying papers. In addition, we describe the satellite performance elements which are most relevant for science, and provide an overview of the plans for scientific operations and data analysis.

Published
2010

12. Planck early results. V. The Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author

Poutanen, T., Lähteenmäki, A., León-Tavares, J., Natoli, P., Polenta, G., Falvella, M.C., Bartlett, J.G., Smoot, G.F., Stompor, R., Bonavera, L., Bedini, L., Salerno, E., Banday, A.J., Paladini, R., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Seiffert, M.D., Lilje, P.B., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Cruz, M., Moss, A., Scott, D., Colombo, L., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Juvela, M., Savelainen, M., Knox, L., Meinhold, P.R., Zonca, A., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Silk, J.I., Bartolo, N., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Maino, D., Bersanelli, M., Mennella, A., Tomasi, M., Gregorio, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., De Troia, G., Migliaccio, M., Quercellini, C., Vittorio, N., Marinucci, D., Génova-Santos, R.T., Rebolo, R., Rubiño-Martín, J.A., Tauber, J.A., Bennett, K., Bremer, M., Giardino, G., Sternberg, J., Partridge, B., Tofani, G., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Massardi, M., Zacchei, A., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Pasian, F., Tavagnacco, D., Gasparo, F., Maggio, G., Vuerli, C., Burigana, C., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Ricciardi, S., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Villa, F., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Paoletti, D., Procopio, P., Cappellini, B., Donzelli, S., Stivoli, F., Morisset, N., Rohlfs, R., Binko, P., Meharga, M.T., Türler, M., Chen, X., Huynh, M., Puget, J.-L., Bouchet, F.R., Efstathiou, G., Valiviita, J., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Gómez, F., López-Caniego, M., Barreiro, R.B., Curto, A., Diego, J.M., Herranz, D., Martínez-González, E., Vielva, P., Górski, K.M., Lawrence, C.R., Gaier, T.C., Jewell, J., Mitra, S., Pagano, L., Pearson, D., Pietrobon, D., Wade, L.A., Leahy, J.P., Davies, R.D., Davis, R.J., Dickinson, C., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Knoche, J., Matthai, F., Reinecke, M., Dörl, U., Enßlin, T.A., Hell, R., Hovest, W., Rachen, J.P., Robbers, G., White, S.D.M., Tuovinen, J., Baccigalupi, C., Dick, J., González-Nuevo, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Danese, L., Pettorino, V., APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, PLANCK, Zacchei, A., Maino, D., Baccigalupi, C., Bersanelli, M., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Cuttaia, F., de Zotti, G., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., González Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, Anna, Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Knoche, J., Kurki Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., López Caniego, M., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Matthai, F., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Natoli, P., Pasian, F., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Rohlfs, R., Sandri, M., Suur Uski, A. S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, Daniele, Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Zonca, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Bedini, L., Bennett, K., Binko, P., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bremer, M., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Curto, A., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Troia, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Dörl, U., Efstathiou, G., Ensslin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Gasparo, F., Génova Santos, R. T., Giardino, G., Gómez, F., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Hell, R., Herranz, D., Hovest, W., Jewell, J., Juvela, M., Kisner, T. S., Knox, L., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. M., Leonardi, R., León Tavares, J., Lilje, P. B., Lubin, P. M., Maggio, G., Marinucci, D., Martínez González, E., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Meharga, M. T., Melchiorri, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Norgaard Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pearson, D., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Prézeau, G., Procopio, P., Puget, J. L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Rubino Martín, J. A., Salerno, E., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Silk, J. I., Smoot, G. F., Sternberg, J., Stivoli, F., Stompor, R., Tofani, G., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Vuerli, C., Wade, L. A., Watson, R., White, S. D. M., Wilkinson, A., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Universidad de Cantabria, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], media_common.quotation_subject, data analysis, Cosmic microwave background, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic background radiation, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Methods, observations, Surveys, methods, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, surveys, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, CMB physics, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], Calibration, Planck, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrument Data, Planck ESA mission, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Covariance, 115 Astronomy, Space science, methods: data analysis, observations [cosmology], [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, cosmic backround radiation, cosmology: observations, cosmic background radiation, cosmology, symbols, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Noise (radio), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

19 páginas, 18 figuras, 3 tablas.-- et al., We describe the processing of data from the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) used in production of the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). In particular, we discuss the steps involved in reducing the data from telemetry packets to cleaned, calibrated, time-ordered data (TOD) and frequency maps. Data are continuously calibrated using the modulation of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation induced by the motion of the spacecraft. Noise properties are estimated from TOD from which the sky signal has been removed using a generalized least square map-making algorithm. Measured 1/f noise knee-frequencies range from ~100 mHz at 30 GHz to a few tens of mHz at 70GHz. A destriping code (Madam) is employed to combine radiometric data and pointing information into sky maps, minimizing the variance of correlated noise. Noise covariance matrices required to compute statistical uncertainties on LFI and Planck products are also produced. Main beams are estimated down to the ≈−10dB level using Jupiter transits, which are also used for geometrical calibration of the focal plane., This work was supported by the Academy of Finland grants 121703 and 121962.

Published
2011
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13. Indium Phosphide MMIC Low Noise Amplifier and related cryogenically applications in a Radioastronomical Focal Plane Array Receiver

Author

Cremonini, A., Carbonaro, L., Mariotti, S., Natale, V., Nesti, R., Orfei, S., Roda, J., and Tofani, G.

Subjects
ING-INF/01 Elettronica
Abstract

We will present realisations of MMIC Low Noise amplifiers designed to operate in a cryogenic environment, working from 18 to 26 GHz. These devices have been produced with the intent to be installed in a five beams feed array receiver, realised to improve the single dish survey and VLBI performances of the 32m diameter parabolic dish antenna of the Medicina Radioastronomical Station, near Bologna, in Italy. The entire project named FARADAY has been developed in the FP-5 context supported by EU. Many efforts has been concentrated to produce devices with the best compromise between lowest noise, flat gain, and good input matching. For this device, MMIC 0,1 um gate length InP HEMT process has been used. We will start the work description from the design specification to the on wafer devices measurements. We will also introduce our packaging material investigations in order to have a reliable working device at cryogenic temperature. Packaging device efforts has been devoted also to realise a modular carrier that let the choice between coaxial and waveguide interface.

Published
2004
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14. MASTER: three heterodyne receivers for Millimetre and Submillimetre-wave astronomy

Author

Battistelli, Es, Andreone, D., Boella, G., Brunetti, L., Cavaliere, F., Petris, M., Gervasi, M., Lacquaniti, V., Natale, E., Passerini, A., Sironi, G., Steni, R., Thorpe, Jr, Tofani, G., and Mario Zannoni

Subjects
mm astronomy, radiometers, heterodyne receivers, heterodyne receivers, mm astronomy, radiometers
Published
2001

15. Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance

Author

Poutanen, T., Lähteenmäki, A., León-Tavares, J., Polenta, G., Natoli, P., Falvella, M.C., Bartlett, J.G., Smoot, G.F., Bonavera, L., Banday, A.J., Seiffert, M.D., Paladini, R., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Lilje, P.B., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kilpia, V.-H., Sjoman, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Aja, B., Artal, E., Cruz, M., Moss, A., Scott, D., Colombo, L., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Savelainen, M., Knox, L., Meinhold, P.R., Zonca, A., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Bartolo, N., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Maino, D., Tomasi, M., Franceschet, C., Gregorio, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Migliaccio, M., Quercellini, C., Vittorio, N., Marinucci, D., Génova-Santos, R.T., Rebolo, R., Rubi No-Martín, J.A., Mendes, L., Foley, S., Watson, C., Bennett, K., Tauber, J.A., Partridge, B., Nesti, R., Tofani, G., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Massardi, M., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Tavagnacco, D., Zacchei, A., Pasian, F., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Villa, F., Burigana, C., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Malaspina, M., Paoletti, D., Procopio, P., Ricciardi, S., Stringhetti, L., Valenziano, L., Cappellini, B., Donzelli, S., Türler, M., Chen, X., Puget, J.-L., Bouchet, F.R., Efstathiou, G., Valiviita, J., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Gómez, F., Herreros, J.M., Hoyland, R.J., Curto, A., Martínez-González, E., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Vielva, P., D'Arcangelo, O., Simonetto, A., Sozzi, C., Lawrence, C.R., Pearson, D., Gaier, T.C., Górski, K.M., Jewell, J., Kangaslahti, P., Mitra, S., Pagano, L., Pietrobon, D., Prina, M., Wade, L.A., Davis, R.J., Leahy, J.P., Lowe, S., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Davies, R.D., Dickinson, C., Roddis, N., Winder, F., Lamarre, J.-M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Matthai, F., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Robbers, G., White, S.D.M., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Pospieszalski, M., Laaninen, M., Dick, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Pettorino, V., George, D., Battaglia, P., Leutenegger, P., Miccolis, M., Silvestri, R., Poutanen, T., Lähteenmäki, A., León-Tavares, J., Polenta, G., Natoli, P., Falvella, M.C., Bartlett, J.G., Smoot, G.F., Bonavera, L., Banday, A.J., Seiffert, M.D., Paladini, R., Prézeau, G., Rocha, G., Lilje, P.B., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kilpia, V.-H., Sjoman, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Toffolatti, L., Aja, B., Artal, E., Cruz, M., Moss, A., Scott, D., Colombo, L., Kurki-Suonio, H., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Juvela, M., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Savelainen, M., Knox, L., Meinhold, P.R., Zonca, A., Leonardi, R., Lubin, P.M., Bartolo, N., Matarrese, S., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Maino, D., Tomasi, M., Franceschet, C., Gregorio, A., Cabella, P., De Gasperis, G., Migliaccio, M., Quercellini, C., Vittorio, N., Marinucci, D., Génova-Santos, R.T., Rebolo, R., Rubi No-Martín, J.A., Mendes, L., Foley, S., Watson, C., Bennett, K., Tauber, J.A., Partridge, B., Nesti, R., Tofani, G., Umana, G., Bonaldi, A., De Zotti, G., Massardi, M., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Maris, M., Tavagnacco, D., Zacchei, A., Pasian, F., Butler, R.C., Cuttaia, F., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Sandri, M., Terenzi, L., Villa, F., Burigana, C., De Rosa, A., Finelli, F., Franceschi, E., Gruppuso, A., Malaspina, M., Paoletti, D., Procopio, P., Ricciardi, S., Stringhetti, L., Valenziano, L., Cappellini, B., Donzelli, S., Türler, M., Chen, X., Puget, J.-L., Bouchet, F.R., Efstathiou, G., Valiviita, J., Eriksen, H.K., Hansen, F.K., Gómez, F., Herreros, J.M., Hoyland, R.J., Curto, A., Martínez-González, E., Barreiro, R.B., Diego, J.M., Herranz, D., López-Caniego, M., Vielva, P., D'Arcangelo, O., Simonetto, A., Sozzi, C., Lawrence, C.R., Pearson, D., Gaier, T.C., Górski, K.M., Jewell, J., Kangaslahti, P., Mitra, S., Pagano, L., Pietrobon, D., Prina, M., Wade, L.A., Davis, R.J., Leahy, J.P., Lowe, S., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Davies, R.D., Dickinson, C., Roddis, N., Winder, F., Lamarre, J.-M., Borrill, J., Kisner, T.S., Enßlin, T.A., Knoche, J., Matthai, F., Rachen, J.P., Reinecke, M., Robbers, G., White, S.D.M., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Pospieszalski, M., Laaninen, M., Dick, J., Leach, S., Perrotta, F., Baccigalupi, C., Danese, L., González-Nuevo, J., Pettorino, V., George, D., Battaglia, P., Leutenegger, P., Miccolis, M., and Silvestri, R.

Abstract

The scientific performance of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) after one year of in-orbit operation is presented. We describe the main optical parameters and discuss photometric calibration, white noise sensitivity, and noise properties. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the main systematic effects is presented. For each of the performance parameters, we outline the methods used to obtain them from the flight data and provide a comparison with pre-launch ground assessments, which are essentially confirmed in flight. © ESO, 2011.

Published
2011

16. Planckearly results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance

Author

Mennella, A., primary, Bersanelli, M., additional, Butler, R. C., additional, Curto, A., additional, Cuttaia, F., additional, Davis, R. J., additional, Dick, J., additional, Frailis, M., additional, Galeotta, S., additional, Gregorio, A., additional, Kurki-Suonio, H., additional, Lawrence, C. R., additional, Leach, S., additional, Leahy, J. P., additional, Lowe, S., additional, Maino, D., additional, Mandolesi, N., additional, Maris, M., additional, Martínez-González, E., additional, Meinhold, P. R., additional, Morgante, G., additional, Pearson, D., additional, Perrotta, F., additional, Polenta, G., additional, Poutanen, T., additional, Sandri, M., additional, Seiffert, M. D., additional, Suur-Uski, A.-S., additional, Tavagnacco, D., additional, Terenzi, L., additional, Tomasi, M., additional, Valiviita, J., additional, Villa, F., additional, Watson, R., additional, Wilkinson, A., additional, Zacchei, A., additional, Zonca, A., additional, Aja, B., additional, Artal, E., additional, Baccigalupi, C., additional, Banday, A. J., additional, Barreiro, R. B., additional, Bartlett, J. G., additional, Bartolo, N., additional, Battaglia, P., additional, Bennett, K., additional, Bonaldi, A., additional, Bonavera, L., additional, Borrill, J., additional, Bouchet, F. R., additional, Burigana, C., additional, Cabella, P., additional, Cappellini, B., additional, Chen, X., additional, Colombo, L., additional, Cruz, M., additional, Danese, L., additional, D’Arcangelo, O., additional, Davies, R. D., additional, de Gasperis, G., additional, de Rosa, A., additional, de Zotti, G., additional, Dickinson, C., additional, Diego, J. M., additional, Donzelli, S., additional, Efstathiou, G., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Eriksen, H. K., additional, Falvella, M. C., additional, Finelli, F., additional, Foley, S., additional, Franceschet, C., additional, Franceschi, E., additional, Gaier, T. C., additional, Génova-Santos, R. T., additional, George, D., additional, Gómez, F., additional, González-Nuevo, J., additional, Górski, K. M., additional, Gruppuso, A., additional, Hansen, F. K., additional, Herranz, D., additional, Herreros, J. M., additional, Hoyland, R. J., additional, Hughes, N., additional, Jewell, J., additional, Jukkala, P., additional, Juvela, M., additional, Kangaslahti, P., additional, Keihänen, E., additional, Keskitalo, R., additional, Kilpia, V.-H., additional, Kisner, T. S., additional, Knoche, J., additional, Knox, L., additional, Laaninen, M., additional, Lähteenmäki, A., additional, Lamarre, J.-M., additional, Leonardi, R., additional, León-Tavares, J., additional, Leutenegger, P., additional, Lilje, P. B., additional, López-Caniego, M., additional, Lubin, P. M., additional, Malaspina, M., additional, Marinucci, D., additional, Massardi, M., additional, Matarrese, S., additional, Matthai, F., additional, Melchiorri, A., additional, Mendes, L., additional, Miccolis, M., additional, Migliaccio, M., additional, Mitra, S., additional, Moss, A., additional, Natoli, P., additional, Nesti, R., additional, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., additional, Pagano, L., additional, Paladini, R., additional, Paoletti, D., additional, Partridge, B., additional, Pasian, F., additional, Pettorino, V., additional, Pietrobon, D., additional, Pospieszalski, M., additional, Prézeau, G., additional, Prina, M., additional, Procopio, P., additional, Puget, J.-L., additional, Quercellini, C., additional, Rachen, J. P., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Ricciardi, S., additional, Robbers, G., additional, Rocha, G., additional, Roddis, N., additional, Rubi no-Martín, J. A., additional, Savelainen, M., additional, Scott, D., additional, Silvestri, R., additional, Simonetto, A., additional, Sjoman, P., additional, Smoot, G. F., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Stringhetti, L., additional, Tauber, J. A., additional, Tofani, G., additional, Toffolatti, L., additional, Tuovinen, J., additional, Türler, M., additional, Umana, G., additional, Valenziano, L., additional, Varis, J., additional, Vielva, P., additional, Vittorio, N., additional, Wade, L. A., additional, Watson, C., additional, White, S. D. M., additional, and Winder, F., additional

Published
2011
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17. Planckearly results. V. The Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author

Zacchei, A., primary, Maino, D., additional, Baccigalupi, C., additional, Bersanelli, M., additional, Bonaldi, A., additional, Bonavera, L., additional, Burigana, C., additional, Butler, R. C., additional, Cuttaia, F., additional, de Zotti, G., additional, Dick, J., additional, Frailis, M., additional, Galeotta, S., additional, González-Nuevo, J., additional, Górski, K. M., additional, Gregorio, A., additional, Keihänen, E., additional, Keskitalo, R., additional, Knoche, J., additional, Kurki-Suonio, H., additional, Lawrence, C. R., additional, Leach, S., additional, Leahy, J. P., additional, López-Caniego, M., additional, Mandolesi, N., additional, Maris, M., additional, Matthai, F., additional, Meinhold, P. R., additional, Mennella, A., additional, Morgante, G., additional, Morisset, N., additional, Natoli, P., additional, Pasian, F., additional, Perrotta, F., additional, Polenta, G., additional, Poutanen, T., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Ricciardi, S., additional, Rohlfs, R., additional, Sandri, M., additional, Suur-Uski, A.-S., additional, Tauber, J. A., additional, Tavagnacco, D., additional, Terenzi, L., additional, Tomasi, M., additional, Valiviita, J., additional, Villa, F., additional, Zonca, A., additional, Banday, A. J., additional, Barreiro, R. B., additional, Bartlett, J. G., additional, Bartolo, N., additional, Bedini, L., additional, Bennett, K., additional, Binko, P., additional, Borrill, J., additional, Bouchet, F. R., additional, Bremer, M., additional, Cabella, P., additional, Cappellini, B., additional, Chen, X., additional, Colombo, L., additional, Cruz, M., additional, Curto, A., additional, Danese, L., additional, Davies, R. D., additional, Davis, R. J., additional, de Gasperis, G., additional, de Rosa, A., additional, de Troia, G., additional, Dickinson, C., additional, Diego, J. M., additional, Donzelli, S., additional, Dörl, U., additional, Efstathiou, G., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Eriksen, H. K., additional, Falvella, M. C., additional, Finelli, F., additional, Franceschi, E., additional, Gaier, T. C., additional, Gasparo, F., additional, Génova-Santos, R. T., additional, Giardino, G., additional, Gómez, F., additional, Gruppuso, A., additional, Hansen, F. K., additional, Hell, R., additional, Herranz, D., additional, Hovest, W., additional, Huynh, M., additional, Jewell, J., additional, Juvela, M., additional, Kisner, T. S., additional, Knox, L., additional, Lähteenmäki, A., additional, Lamarre, J.-M., additional, Leonardi, R., additional, León-Tavares, J., additional, Lilje, P. B., additional, Lubin, P. M., additional, Maggio, G., additional, Marinucci, D., additional, Martínez-González, E., additional, Massardi, M., additional, Matarrese, S., additional, Meharga, M. T., additional, Melchiorri, A., additional, Migliaccio, M., additional, Mitra, S., additional, Moss, A., additional, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., additional, Pagano, L., additional, Paladini, R., additional, Paoletti, D., additional, Partridge, B., additional, Pearson, D., additional, Pettorino, V., additional, Pietrobon, D., additional, Prézeau, G., additional, Procopio, P., additional, Puget, J.-L., additional, Quercellini, C., additional, Rachen, J. P., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Robbers, G., additional, Rocha, G., additional, Rubiño-Martín, J. A., additional, Salerno, E., additional, Savelainen, M., additional, Scott, D., additional, Seiffert, M. D., additional, Silk, J. I., additional, Smoot, G. F., additional, Sternberg, J., additional, Stivoli, F., additional, Stompor, R., additional, Tofani, G., additional, Toffolatti, L., additional, Tuovinen, J., additional, Türler, M., additional, Umana, G., additional, Vielva, P., additional, Vittorio, N., additional, Vuerli, C., additional, Wade, L. A., additional, Watson, R., additional, White, S. D. M., additional, and Wilkinson, A., additional

Published
2011
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18. First results on Martian carbon monoxide fromHerschel/HIFI observations

Author

Hartogh, P., primary, Błęcka, M. I., additional, Jarchow, C., additional, Sagawa, H., additional, Lellouch, E., additional, de Val-Borro, M., additional, Rengel, M., additional, Medvedev, A. S., additional, Swinyard, B. M., additional, Moreno, R., additional, Cavalié, T., additional, Lis, D. C., additional, Banaszkiewicz, M., additional, Bockelée-Morvan, D., additional, Crovisier, J., additional, Encrenaz, T., additional, Küppers, M., additional, Lara, L.-M., additional, Szutowicz, S., additional, Vandenbussche, B., additional, Bensch, F., additional, Bergin, E. A., additional, Billebaud, F., additional, Biver, N., additional, Blake, G. A., additional, Blommaert, J. A. D. L., additional, Cernicharo, J., additional, Decin, L., additional, Encrenaz, P., additional, Feuchtgruber, H., additional, Fulton, T., additional, de Graauw, T., additional, Jehin, E., additional, Kidger, M., additional, Lorente, R., additional, Naylor, D. A., additional, Portyankina, G., additional, Sánchez-Portal, M., additional, Schieder, R., additional, Sidher, S., additional, Thomas, N., additional, Verdugo, E., additional, Waelkens, C., additional, Lorenzani, A., additional, Tofani, G., additional, Natale, E., additional, Pearson, J., additional, Klein, T., additional, Leinz, C., additional, Güsten, R., additional, and Kramer, C., additional

Published
2010
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19. Planckpre-launch status: ThePlanckmission

Author

Tauber, J. A., primary, Mandolesi, N., additional, Puget, J.-L., additional, Banos, T., additional, Bersanelli, M., additional, Bouchet, F. R., additional, Butler, R. C., additional, Charra, J., additional, Crone, G., additional, Dodsworth, J., additional, Efstathiou, G., additional, Gispert, R., additional, Guyot, G., additional, Gregorio, A., additional, Juillet, J. J., additional, Lamarre, J.-M., additional, Laureijs, R. J., additional, Lawrence, C. R., additional, Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., additional, Passvogel, T., additional, Reix, J. M., additional, Texier, D., additional, Vibert, L., additional, Zacchei, A., additional, Ade, P. A. R., additional, Aghanim, N., additional, Aja, B., additional, Alippi, E., additional, Aloy, L., additional, Armand, P., additional, Arnaud, M., additional, Arondel, A., additional, Arreola-Villanueva, A., additional, Artal, E., additional, Artina, E., additional, Arts, A., additional, Ashdown, M., additional, Aumont, J., additional, Azzaro, M., additional, Bacchetta, A., additional, Baccigalupi, C., additional, Baker, M., additional, Balasini, M., additional, Balbi, A., additional, Banday, A. J., additional, Barbier, G., additional, Barreiro, R. B., additional, Bartelmann, M., additional, Battaglia, P., additional, Battaner, E., additional, Benabed, K., additional, Beney, J.-L., additional, Beneyton, R., additional, Bennett, K., additional, Benoit, A., additional, Bernard, J.-P., additional, Bhandari, P., additional, Bhatia, R., additional, Biggi, M., additional, Biggins, R., additional, Billig, G., additional, Blanc, Y., additional, Blavot, H., additional, Bock, J. J., additional, Bonaldi, A., additional, Bond, R., additional, Bonis, J., additional, Borders, J., additional, Borrill, J., additional, Boschini, L., additional, Boulanger, F., additional, Bouvier, J., additional, Bouzit, M., additional, Bowman, R., additional, Bréelle, E., additional, Bradshaw, T., additional, Braghin, M., additional, Bremer, M., additional, Brienza, D., additional, Broszkiewicz, D., additional, Burigana, C., additional, Burkhalter, M., additional, Cabella, P., additional, Cafferty, T., additional, Cairola, M., additional, Caminade, S., additional, Camus, P., additional, Cantalupo, C. M., additional, Cappellini, B., additional, Cardoso, J.-F., additional, Carr, R., additional, Catalano, A., additional, Cayón, L., additional, Cesa, M., additional, Chaigneau, M., additional, Challinor, A., additional, Chamballu, A., additional, Chambelland, J. P., additional, Charra, M., additional, Chiang, L.-Y., additional, Chlewicki, G., additional, Christensen, P. R., additional, Church, S., additional, Ciancietta, E., additional, Cibrario, M., additional, Cizeron, R., additional, Clements, D., additional, Collaudin, B., additional, Colley, J.-M., additional, Colombi, S., additional, Colombo, A., additional, Colombo, F., additional, Corre, O., additional, Couchot, F., additional, Cougrand, B., additional, Coulais, A., additional, Couzin, P., additional, Crane, B., additional, Crill, B., additional, Crook, M., additional, Crumb, D., additional, Cuttaia, F., additional, Dörl, U., additional, da Silva, P., additional, Daddato, R., additional, Damasio, C., additional, Danese, L., additional, d'Aquino, G., additional, D'Arcangelo, O., additional, Dassas, K., additional, Davies, R. D., additional, Davies, W., additional, Davis, R. J., additional, De Bernardis, P., additional, de Chambure, D., additional, de Gasperis, G., additional, De la Fuente, M. L., additional, De Paco, P., additional, De Rosa, A., additional, De Troia, G., additional, De Zotti, G., additional, Dehamme, M., additional, Delabrouille, J., additional, Delouis, J.-M., additional, Désert, F.-X., additional, di Girolamo, G., additional, Dickinson, C., additional, Doelling, E., additional, Dolag, K., additional, Domken, I., additional, Douspis, M., additional, Doyle, D., additional, Du, S., additional, Dubruel, D., additional, Dufour, C., additional, Dumesnil, C., additional, Dupac, X., additional, Duret, P., additional, Eder, C., additional, Elfving, A., additional, Enßlin, T. A., additional, Eng, P., additional, English, K., additional, Eriksen, H. K., additional, Estaria, P., additional, Falvella, M. C., additional, Ferrari, F., additional, Finelli, F., additional, Fishman, A., additional, Fogliani, S., additional, Foley, S., additional, Fonseca, A., additional, Forma, G., additional, Forni, O., additional, Fosalba, P., additional, Fourmond, J.-J., additional, Frailis, M., additional, Franceschet, C., additional, Franceschi, E., additional, François, S., additional, Frerking, M., additional, Gómez-Reñasco, M. F., additional, Górski, K. M., additional, Gaier, T. C., additional, Galeotta, S., additional, Ganga, K., additional, García Lázaro, J., additional, Garnica, A., additional, Gaspard, M., additional, Gavila, E., additional, Giard, M., additional, Giardino, G., additional, Gienger, G., additional, Giraud-Heraud, Y., additional, Glorian, J.-M., additional, Griffin, M., additional, Gruppuso, A., additional, Guglielmi, L., additional, Guichon, D., additional, Guillaume, B., additional, Guillouet, P., additional, Haissinski, J., additional, Hansen, F. K., additional, Hardy, J., additional, Harrison, D., additional, Hazell, A., additional, Hechler, M., additional, Heckenauer, V., additional, Heinzer, D., additional, Hell, R., additional, Henrot-Versillé, S., additional, Hernández-Monteagudo, C., additional, Herranz, D., additional, Herreros, J. M., additional, Hervier, V., additional, Heske, A., additional, Heurtel, A., additional, Hildebrandt, S. R., additional, Hills, R., additional, Hivon, E., additional, Hobson, M., additional, Hollert, D., additional, Holmes, W., additional, Hornstrup, A., additional, Hovest, W., additional, Hoyland, R. J., additional, Huey, G., additional, Huffenberger, K. M., additional, Hughes, N., additional, Israelsson, U., additional, Jackson, B., additional, Jaffe, A., additional, Jaffe, T. R., additional, Jagemann, T., additional, Jessen, N. C., additional, Jewell, J., additional, Jones, W., additional, Juvela, M., additional, Kaplan, J., additional, Karlman, P., additional, Keck, F., additional, Keihänen, E., additional, King, M., additional, Kisner, T. S., additional, Kletzkine, P., additional, Kneissl, R., additional, Knoche, J., additional, Knox, L., additional, Koch, T., additional, Krassenburg, M., additional, Kurki-Suonio, H., additional, Lähteenmäki, A., additional, Lagache, G., additional, Lagorio, E., additional, Lami, P., additional, Lande, J., additional, Lange, A., additional, Langlet, F., additional, Lapini, R., additional, Lapolla, M., additional, Lasenby, A., additional, Le Jeune, M., additional, Leahy, J. P., additional, Lefebvre, M., additional, Legrand, F., additional, Le Meur, G., additional, Leonardi, R., additional, Leriche, B., additional, Leroy, C., additional, Leutenegger, P., additional, Levin, S. M., additional, Lilje, P. B., additional, Lindensmith, C., additional, Linden-Vørnle, M., additional, Loc, A., additional, Longval, Y., additional, Lubin, P. M., additional, Luchik, T., additional, Luthold, I., additional, Macias-Perez, J. F., additional, Maciaszek, T., additional, MacTavish, C., additional, Madden, S., additional, Maffei, B., additional, Magneville, C., additional, Maino, D., additional, Mambretti, A., additional, Mansoux, B., additional, Marchioro, D., additional, Maris, M., additional, Marliani, F., additional, Marrucho, J.-C., additional, Martí-Canales, J., additional, Martínez-González, E., additional, Martín-Polegre, A., additional, Martin, P., additional, Marty, C., additional, Marty, W., additional, Masi, S., additional, Massardi, M., additional, Matarrese, S., additional, Matthai, F., additional, Mazzotta, P., additional, McDonald, A., additional, McGrath, P., additional, Mediavilla, A., additional, Meinhold, P. R., additional, Mélin, J.-B., additional, Melot, F., additional, Mendes, L., additional, Mennella, A., additional, Mervier, C., additional, Meslier, L., additional, Miccolis, M., additional, Miville-Deschenes, M.-A., additional, Moneti, A., additional, Montet, D., additional, Montier, L., additional, Mora, J., additional, Morgante, G., additional, Morigi, G., additional, Morinaud, G., additional, Morisset, N., additional, Mortlock, D., additional, Mottet, S., additional, Mulder, J., additional, Munshi, D., additional, Murphy, A., additional, Murphy, P., additional, Musi, P., additional, Narbonne, J., additional, Naselsky, P., additional, Nash, A., additional, Nati, F., additional, Natoli, P., additional, Netterfield, B., additional, Newell, J., additional, Nexon, M., additional, Nicolas, C., additional, Nielsen, P. H., additional, Ninane, N., additional, Noviello, F., additional, Novikov, D., additional, Novikov, I., additional, O'Dwyer, I. J., additional, Oldeman, P., additional, Olivier, P., additional, Ouchet, L., additional, Oxborrow, C. A., additional, Pérez-Cuevas, L., additional, Pagan, L., additional, Paine, C., additional, Pajot, F., additional, Paladini, R., additional, Pancher, F., additional, Panh, J., additional, Parks, G., additional, Parnaudeau, P., additional, Partridge, B., additional, Parvin, B., additional, Pascual, J. P., additional, Pasian, F., additional, Pearson, D. P., additional, Pearson, T., additional, Pecora, M., additional, Perdereau, O., additional, Perotto, L., additional, Perrotta, F., additional, Piacentini, F., additional, Piat, M., additional, Pierpaoli, E., additional, Piersanti, O., additional, Plaige, E., additional, Plaszczynski, S., additional, Platania, P., additional, Pointecouteau, E., additional, Polenta, G., additional, Ponthieu, N., additional, Popa, L., additional, Poulleau, G., additional, Poutanen, T., additional, Prézeau, G., additional, Pradell, L., additional, Prina, M., additional, Prunet, S., additional, Rachen, J. P., additional, Rambaud, D., additional, Rame, F., additional, Rasmussen, I., additional, Rautakoski, J., additional, Reach, W. T., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Reinecke, M., additional, Reiter, J., additional, Renault, C., additional, Ricciardi, S., additional, Rideau, P., additional, Riller, T., additional, Ristorcelli, I., additional, Riti, J. B., additional, Rocha, G., additional, Roche, Y., additional, Pons, R., additional, Rohlfs, R., additional, Romero, D., additional, Roose, S., additional, Rosset, C., additional, Rouberol, S., additional, Rowan-Robinson, M., additional, Rubiño-Martín, J. A., additional, Rusconi, P., additional, Rusholme, B., additional, Salama, M., additional, Salerno, E., additional, Sandri, M., additional, Santos, D., additional, Sanz, J. L., additional, Sauter, L., additional, Sauvage, F., additional, Savini, G., additional, Schmelzel, M., additional, Schnorhk, A., additional, Schwarz, W., additional, Scott, D., additional, Seiffert, M. D., additional, Shellard, P., additional, Shih, C., additional, Sias, M., additional, Silk, J. I., additional, Silvestri, R., additional, Sippel, R., additional, Smoot, G. F., additional, Starck, J.-L., additional, Stassi, P., additional, Sternberg, J., additional, Stivoli, F., additional, Stolyarov, V., additional, Stompor, R., additional, Stringhetti, L., additional, Strommen, D., additional, Stute, T., additional, Sudiwala, R., additional, Sugimura, R., additional, Sunyaev, R., additional, Sygnet, J.-F., additional, Türler, M., additional, Taddei, E., additional, Tallon, J., additional, Tamiatto, C., additional, Taurigna, M., additional, Taylor, D., additional, Terenzi, L., additional, Thuerey, S., additional, Tillis, J., additional, Tofani, G., additional, Toffolatti, L., additional, Tommasi, E., additional, Tomasi, M., additional, Tonazzini, E., additional, Torre, J.-P., additional, Tosti, S., additional, Touze, F., additional, Tristram, M., additional, Tuovinen, J., additional, Tuttlebee, M., additional, Umana, G., additional, Valenziano, L., additional, Vallée, D., additional, van der Vlis, M., additional, Van Leeuwen, F., additional, Vanel, J.-C., additional, Van-Tent, B., additional, Varis, J., additional, Vassallo, E., additional, Vescovi, C., additional, Vezzu, F., additional, Vibert, D., additional, Vielva, P., additional, Vierra, J., additional, Villa, F., additional, Vittorio, N., additional, Vuerli, C., additional, Wade, L. A., additional, Walker, A. R., additional, Wandelt, B. D., additional, Watson, C., additional, Werner, D., additional, White, M., additional, White, S. D. M., additional, Wilkinson, A., additional, Wilson, P., additional, Woodcraft, A., additional, Yoffo, B., additional, Yun, M., additional, Yurchenko, V., additional, Yvon, D., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Zimmermann, O., additional, Zonca, A., additional, and Zorita, D., additional

Published
2010
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20. The Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the HerschelSpace Observatory

Author

Poglitsch, A., primary, Waelkens, C., additional, Geis, N., additional, Feuchtgruber, H., additional, Vandenbussche, B., additional, Rodriguez, L., additional, Krause, O., additional, Renotte, E., additional, van Hoof, C., additional, Saraceno, P., additional, Cepa, J., additional, Kerschbaum, F., additional, Agnèse, P., additional, Ali, B., additional, Altieri, B., additional, Andreani, P., additional, Augueres, J.-L., additional, Balog, Z., additional, Barl, L., additional, Bauer, O. H., additional, Belbachir, N., additional, Benedettini, M., additional, Billot, N., additional, Boulade, O., additional, Bischof, H., additional, Blommaert, J., additional, Callut, E., additional, Cara, C., additional, Cerulli, R., additional, Cesarsky, D., additional, Contursi, A., additional, Creten, Y., additional, De Meester, W., additional, Doublier, V., additional, Doumayrou, E., additional, Duband, L., additional, Exter, K., additional, Genzel, R., additional, Gillis, J.-M., additional, Grözinger, U., additional, Henning, T., additional, Herreros, J., additional, Huygen, R., additional, Inguscio, M., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Jamar, C., additional, Jean, C., additional, de Jong, J., additional, Katterloher, R., additional, Kiss, C., additional, Klaas, U., additional, Lemke, D., additional, Lutz, D., additional, Madden, S., additional, Marquet, B., additional, Martignac, J., additional, Mazy, A., additional, Merken, P., additional, Montfort, F., additional, Morbidelli, L., additional, Müller, T., additional, Nielbock, M., additional, Okumura, K., additional, Orfei, R., additional, Ottensamer, R., additional, Pezzuto, S., additional, Popesso, P., additional, Putzeys, J., additional, Regibo, S., additional, Reveret, V., additional, Royer, P., additional, Sauvage, M., additional, Schreiber, J., additional, Stegmaier, J., additional, Schmitt, D., additional, Schubert, J., additional, Sturm, E., additional, Thiel, M., additional, Tofani, G., additional, Vavrek, R., additional, Wetzstein, M., additional, Wieprecht, E., additional, and Wiezorrek, E., additional

Published
2010
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21. MASTER: Millimetre and sub-millimetre triple heterodyne receiver

Author

Battistelli, E, Boella, G, Cavaliere, F, Gervasi, M, Passerini, A, Sironi, G, Zannoni, M, Andreone, D, Brunetti, L, Lacquaniti, V, Maggi, S, Steni, R, Natale, E, Tofani, G, Bava, E, Pisani, U, Thorpe, J, De Petris, M, BOELLA, GIULIANO FILIPPO, GERVASI, MASSIMO, PASSERINI, ANDREA, SIRONI, GIORGIO, ZANNONI, MARIO, De Petris, M., Battistelli, E, Boella, G, Cavaliere, F, Gervasi, M, Passerini, A, Sironi, G, Zannoni, M, Andreone, D, Brunetti, L, Lacquaniti, V, Maggi, S, Steni, R, Natale, E, Tofani, G, Bava, E, Pisani, U, Thorpe, J, De Petris, M, BOELLA, GIULIANO FILIPPO, GERVASI, MASSIMO, PASSERINI, ANDREA, SIRONI, GIORGIO, ZANNONI, MARIO, and De Petris, M.

Abstract

We will describe a system of three heterodyne receivers. Its mixers are based on SIS tunnel junctions which allow a very sensible downconversion of the detectable signal from 94 GHz, 225 GHz and 345 GHz to 1.5 GHz. This will allow the detection of molecular rotational transition lines from diffuse molecular clouds. The current status of a 94 GHz receiver, prototype of MASTER, will also be described. Technical design and cryogenic problems solution will be shown and we will focus our attention on the optical coupling technique based on Gaussian beam analysis

Published
2002

22. The coronal atmosphere above solar active regions - Comparison of high spatial resolution soft X-ray and centimetric observations

Author

Pallavicini, R, Vaiana, G. S, Tofani, G, and Felli, M

Subjects
Solar Physics
Abstract

High spatial resolution observations of solar active regions in soft X-rays and centimetric wavelengths are compared using X-ray and radio data obtained during the 1973 Skylab mission. An overall correspondence in position and size between regions of enhanced X-ray emission and regions of enhanced microwave emission was noticed. However, a closer analysis of the findings suggested that substantial differences exist between the emission properties of the atmosphere over sunspots and that over plages, with the difference probably related to the average intensity of the magnetic field, which was found to be higher over sunspot umbrae than over plage areas.

Published
1979
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23. The Arcetri Catalog of H2O maser sources: Update 2000

Author

Valdettaro, R., primary, Palla, F., additional, Brand, J., additional, Cesaroni, R., additional, Comoretto, G., additional, Di Franco, S., additional, Felli, M., additional, Natale, E., additional, Palagi, F., additional, Panella, D., additional, and Tofani, G., additional

Published
2001
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24. The Arcetri Catalog of H2Omaser sources: Update 2000 ***

Author

Valdettaro, R., Palla, F., Brand, J., Cesaroni, R., Comoretto, G., Di Franco, S., Felli, M., Natale, E., Palagi, F., Panella, D., Tofani, G., Valdettaro, R., Palla, F., Brand, J., Cesaroni, R., Comoretto, G., Di Franco, S., Felli, M., Natale, E., Palagi, F., Panella, D., and Tofani, G.

Abstract

We present a second update of the Arcetri Catalog of water masers (Comoretto et al. [CITE]; Brand et al. [CITE]). The present study reports the results of the observations carried out with the Medicina 32-m radiotelescope from January 1993 to April 2000 on a sample of 300 sources. This compilation consists of newly discovered maser sources that did not appear in the previous Arcetri Catalogs and is made of: a) detections from the literature, and b) unpublished detections obtained with the Medicina antenna. Overall, 83 out of 300 sources were detected. The detection rate is low (28% ) and we attribute this result to the inclusion in our survey of a rather large number of spurious maser detections that have appeared in one particular paper. The observational parameters are reported in tabular form for all the 300 sources and the spectra of the detected masers are presented. We discuss the global properties of the complete Arcetri Catalog based on Comoretto et al. ([CITE]), Brand et al. ([CITE]) and the present observations, which now contains 1013 galactic water maser sources. Of these, 937 have an IRAS counterpart within 1 arcmin from the nominal position of the maser. We establish a classification scheme based on the IRAS flux densities which allows to distinguish between water masers associated with star forming regions and late-type stars. The Arcetri Catalog represents a useful data base for systematic studies of galactic water maser sources.

Published
2001
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26. MITO: a 2.6-m mm/sub-mm ground based telescope

Author

Vasini, C., Franceschini, A., Sironi, G., Tofani, G., De Petris, M., Melchiorri, F., de Bernardis, P., De Micco, A., Lamagna, L., Masi, S., Orlando, A., Pisano, Giampaolo, Romano, F., Siringo, G., Colafrancesco, S., Rephaeli, Y., Signore, M., Kreysa, E., Vasini, C., Franceschini, A., Sironi, G., Tofani, G., De Petris, M., Melchiorri, F., de Bernardis, P., De Micco, A., Lamagna, L., Masi, S., Orlando, A., Pisano, Giampaolo, Romano, F., Siringo, G., Colafrancesco, S., Rephaeli, Y., Signore, M., and Kreysa, E.

27. Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance ⋆

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R. J., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., Lowe, S., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Meinhold, P. R., Morgante, G., Pearson, D., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M. D., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aja, B., Artal, E., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaglia, P., Bennett, K., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Danese, L., D’Arcangelo, O., Davies, R. D., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Foley, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Génova-Santos, R. T., George, D., Gómez, F., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Herreros, J. M., Hoyland, R. J., Hughes, N., Jewell, J., Jukkala, P., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kilpia, V.-H., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Laaninen, M., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J.-M., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Leutenegger, P., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Malaspina, M., Marinucci, D., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Miccolis, M., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Pospieszalski, M., Prézeau, G., Prina, M., Procopio, P., Puget, J.-L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Roddis, N., Rubi no-Martín, J. A., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Tauber, J. A., Tofani, G., Toffolatti, L., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Watson, C., White, S. D. M., and Winder, F.

Abstract

The scientific performance of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) after one year of in-orbit operation is presented. We describe the main optical parameters and discuss photometric calibration, white noise sensitivity, and noise properties. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the main systematic effects is presented. For each of the performance parameters, we outline the methods used to obtain them from the flight data and provide a comparison with pre-launch ground assessments, which are essentially confirmed in flight.

Published
2011
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28. Planck pre-launch status: The Planck mission

Author

J. A. Tauber1, N. Mandolesi2, J.-L. Puget3, T. Banos4, M. Bersanelli5, F. R. Bouchet6, R. C. Butler2, J. Charra3, G. Crone7, J. Dodsworth8, G. Efstathiou9, R. Gispert3, G. Guyot3, A. Gregorio10, J. J. Juillet4, J.-M. Lamarre11, R. J. Laureijs1, C. R. Lawrence12, H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen13, T. Passvogel7, J. M. Reix4, D. Texier14, L. Vibert3, A. Zacchei15, P. A. R. Ade16, N. Aghanim3, B. Aja17, E. Alippi18, L. Aloy7, P. Armand4, M. Arnaud19, A. Arondel3, A. Arreola-Villanueva12, E. Artal17, E. Artina18, A. Arts7, M. Ashdown20, J. Aumont21, M. Azzaro22, A. Bacchetta23, C. Baccigalupi24, M. Baker7, M. Balasini18, A. Balbi25, A. J. Banday26, G. Barbier28, R. B. Barreiro29, M. Bartelmann26, P. Battaglia18, E. Battaner31, K. Benabed6, J.-L. Beney32, R. Beneyton6, K. Bennett1, A. Benoit28, J.-P. Bernard27, P. Bhandari12, R. Bhatia12, M. Biggi33, R. Biggins8, G. Billig8, Y. Blanc34, H. Blavot3, J. J. Bock12, A. Bonaldi35, R. Bond36, J. Bonis32, J. Borders12, J. Borrill37, L. Boschini18, F. Boulanger3, J. Bouvier28, M. Bouzit3, R. Bowman12, E. Bréelle38, T. Bradshaw39, M. Braghin7, M. Bremer1, D. Brienza40, D. Broszkiewicz38, C. Burigana2, M. Burkhalter41, P. Cabella25, T. Cafferty12, M. Cairola23, S. Caminade3, P. Camus42, C. M. Cantalupo43, B. Cappellini5, J.-F. Cardoso38, R. Carr14, A. Catalano38, L. Cayón44, M. Cesa23, M. Chaigneau3, A. Challinor9, A. Chamballu45, J. P. Chambelland4, M. Charra3, L.-Y. Chiang46, G. Chlewicki23, P. R. Christensen47, S. Church48, E. Ciancietta23, M. Cibrario23, R. Cizeron32, D. Clements45, B. Collaudin4, J.-M. Colley38, 6, S. Colombi6, A. Colombo7, F. Colombo18, O. Corre4, F. Couchot32, B. Cougrand3, A. Coulais11, P. Couzin4, B. Crane3, B. Crill12, M. Crook39, D. Crumb12, F. Cuttaia2, U. Dörl26, P. da Silva6, R. Daddato7, C. Damasio7, L. Danese24, G. d'Aquino7, O. D'Arcangelo49, K. Dassas3, R. D. Davies50, W. Davies41, R. J. Davis50, P. De Bernardis40, D. de Chambure7, G. de Gasperis25, M. L. De la Fuente17, P. De Paco51, A. De Rosa2, G. De Troia25, G. De Zotti35, M. Dehamme32, J. Delabrouille38, J.-M. Delouis6, F.-X. Désert28, G. di Girolamo8, C. Dickinson50, E. Doelling8, K. Dolag26, I. Domken52, M. Douspis3, D. Doyle7, S. Du32, D. Dubruel4, C. Dufour38, C. Dumesnil3, X. Dupac14, P. Duret3, C. Eder32, A. Elfving7, T. A. Enßlin26, P. Eng3, K. English12, H. K. Eriksen53, P. Estaria7, M. C. Falvella55, F. Ferrari18, F. Finelli2, A. Fishman12, S. Fogliani15, S. Foley8, A. Fonseca12, G. Forma4, O. Forni27, P. Fosalba56, J.-J. Fourmond3, M. Frailis15, C. Franceschet5, E. Franceschi2, S. François3, M. Frerking12, M. F. Gómez-Reñasco57, K. M. Górski12, T. C. Gaier12, S. Galeotta58, K. Ganga38, J. García Lázaro14, A. Garnica12, M. Gaspard32, E. Gavila4, M. Giard27, G. Giardino1, G. Gienger8, Y. Giraud-Heraud38, J.-M. Glorian27, M. Griffin16, A. Gruppuso2, L. Guglielmi38, D. Guichon4, B. Guillaume7, P. Guillouet38, J. Haissinski32, F. K. Hansen53, J. Hardy12, D. Harrison9, A. Hazell59, M. Hechler8, V. Heckenauer3, D. Heinzer8, R. Hell26, S. Henrot-Versillé32, C. Hernández-Monteagudo26, D. Herranz29, J. M. Herreros57, V. Hervier3, A. Heske7, A. Heurtel32, S. R. Hildebrandt57, R. Hills20, E. Hivon6, M. Hobson20, D. Hollert12, W. Holmes12, A. Hornstrup13, W. Hovest26, R. J. Hoyland57, G. Huey12, K. M. Huffenberger60, N. Hughes61, U. Israelsson12, B. Jackson7, A. Jaffe45, T. R. Jaffe50, T. Jagemann14, N. C. Jessen13, J. Jewell12, W. Jones62, M. Juvela63, J. Kaplan38, P. Karlman12, F. Keck8, E. Keihänen64, M. King12, T. S. Kisner43, P. Kletzkine7, R. Kneissl26, J. Knoche26, L. Knox65, T. Koch12, M. Krassenburg7, H. Kurki-Suonio64, A. Lähteenmäki67, G. Lagache3, E. Lagorio28, P. Lami3, J. Lande27, A. Lange12, F. Langlet3, R. Lapini33, M. Lapolla18, A. Lasenby20, M. Le Jeune38, J. P. Leahy50, M. Lefebvre3, F. Legrand6, G. Le Meur32, R. Leonardi68, B. Leriche3, C. Leroy3, P. Leutenegger18, S. M. Levin12, P. B. Lilje53, C. Lindensmith12, M. Linden-Vørnle69, A. Loc12, Y. Longval3, P. M. Lubin68, T. Luchik12, I. Luthold7, J. F. Macias-Perez70, T. Maciaszek34, C. MacTavish45, S. Madden7, B. Maffei50, C. Magneville71, D. Maino5, A. Mambretti18, B. Mansoux32, D. Marchioro18, M. Maris15, F. Marliani7, J.-C. Marrucho32, J. Martí-Canales7, E. Martínez-González29, A. Martín-Polegre7, P. Martin4, C. Marty27, W. Marty27, S. Masi40, M. Massardi35, S. Matarrese72, F. Matthai26, P. Mazzotta25, A. McDonald8, P. McGrath12, A. Mediavilla17, P. R. Meinhold68, J.-B. Mélin71, F. Melot70, L. Mendes14, A. Mennella5, C. Mervier3, L. Meslier3, M. Miccolis18, M.-A. Miville-Deschenes3, A. Moneti6, D. Montet4, L. Montier27, J. Mora12, G. Morgante2, G. Morigi2, G. Morinaud3, N. Morisset73, D. Mortlock9, S. Mottet6, J. Mulder12, D. Munshi9, A. Murphy74, P. Murphy12, P. Musi23, J. Narbonne27, P. Naselsky47, A. Nash12, F. Nati40, P. Natoli25, B. Netterfield36, J. Newell12, M. Nexon27, C. Nicolas3, P. H. Nielsen75, N. Ninane52, F. Noviello3, D. Novikov45, I. Novikov47, I. J. O'Dwyer12, P. Oldeman7, P. Olivier7, L. Ouchet4, C. A. Oxborrow13, L. Pérez-Cuevas7, L. Pagan18, C. Paine12, F. Pajot3, R. Paladini76, F. Pancher28, J. Panh34, G. Parks12, P. Parnaudeau6, B. Partridge77, B. Parvin12, J. P. Pascual17, F. Pasian15, D. P. Pearson12, T. Pearson12, M. Pecora18, O. Perdereau32, L. Perotto70, F. Perrotta24, F. Piacentini40, M. Piat38, E. Pierpaoli78, O. Piersanti7, E. Plaige32, S. Plaszczynski32, P. Platania49, E. Pointecouteau27, G. Polenta79, N. Ponthieu3, L. Popa80, G. Poulleau3, T. Poutanen64, G. Prézeau12, L. Pradell81, M. Prina12, S. Prunet6, J. P. Rachen26, D. Rambaud27, F. Rame23, I. Rasmussen7, J. Rautakoski7, W. T. Reach82, R. Rebolo57, M. Reinecke26, J. Reiter12, C. Renault70, S. Ricciardi83, P. Rideau4, T. Riller26, I. Ristorcelli27, J. B. Riti4, G. Rocha12, Y. Roche4, R. Pons27, R. Rohlfs73, D. Romero12, S. Roose52, C. Rosset32, S. Rouberol6, M. Rowan-Robinson45, J. A. Rubiño-Martín57, P. Rusconi18, B. Rusholme82, M. Salama12, E. Salerno84, M. Sandri2, D. 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des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers 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de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, APC - Cosmologie, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, Tauber, J, Puget, J, Bouchet, F, Butler, R, Gregorio, A, Juillet, J, Lamarre, J, Laureijs, R, Lawrence, C, NØRGAARD NIELSEN, H, Reix, J, Ade, P, Banday, A, Barreiro, R, 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Jaffe, T, Jagemann, T, Jessen, N, Jewell, J, Jones, W, Juvela, M, Kaplan, J, Karlman, P, Keck, F, Keihänen, E, King, M, Kisner, T, Kletzkine, P, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Koch, T, Krassenburg, M, KURKI SUONIO, H, Lähteenmäki, A, Lagache, G, Lagorio, E, Lami, P, Lande, J, Lange, A, Langlet, F, Lapini, R, Lapolla, M, Lasenby, A, LE JEUNE, M, Leahy, J, Lefebvre, M, Legrand, F, LE MEUR, G, Leonardi, R, Leriche, B, Leroy, C, Leutenegger, P, Levin, S, Lilje, P, Lindensmith, C, LINDEN VØRNLE, M, Loc, A, Longval, Y, Lubin, P, Luchik, T, Luthold, I, MACIAS PEREZ, J, Maciaszek, T, Mactavish, C, Madden, S, Maffei, B, Magneville, C, Maino, D, Mambretti, A, Mansoux, B, Marchioro, D, Maris, M, Marliani, F, Marrucho, J, MARTÍ CANALES, J, MARTÍNEZ GONZÁLEZ, E, MARTÍN POLEGRE, A, Martin, P, Marty, C, Marty, W, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Mcdonald, A, Mcgrath, P, Mediavilla, A, Meinhold, P, Mélin, J, Melot, F, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mervier, C, Meslier, L, Miccolis, M, MIVILLE DESCHENES, M, Moneti, A, Montet, D, Montier, L, Mora, J, Morgante, G, Morigi, G, Morinaud, G, Morisset, N, Mortlock, D, Mottet, S, Mulder, J, Munshi, D, Murphy, A, Murphy, P, Musi, P, Narbonne, J, Naselsky, P, Nash, A, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, B, Newell, J, Nexon, M, Nicolas, C, Nielsen, P, Ninane, N, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, O'Dwyer, I, Oldeman, P, Olivier, P, Ouchet, L, Oxborrow, C, PÉREZ CUEVAS, L, Pagan, L, Paine, C, Pajot, F, Paladini, R, Pancher, F, Panh, J, Parks, G, Parnaudeau, P, Partridge, B, Parvin, B, Pascual, J, Pasian, F, Pearson, D, Pearson, T, Pecora, M, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piersanti, O, Plaige, E, Plaszczynski, S, Platania, P, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poulleau, G, Poutanen, T, Prézeau, G, Pradell, L, Prina, M, Prunet, S, Rachen, J, Rambaud, D, Rame, F, Rasmussen, I, Rautakoski, J, Reach, W, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Reiter, J, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Rideau, P, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Riti, J, Rocha, G, Roche, Y, Pons, R, Rohlfs, R, Romero, D, Roose, S, Rosset, C, Rouberol, S, ROWAN ROBINSON, M, RUBIÑO MARTÍN, J, Rusconi, P, Rusholme, B, Salama, M, Salerno, E, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Sanz, J, Sauter, L, Sauvage, F, Savini, G, Schmelzel, M, Schnorhk, A, Schwarz, W, Scott, D, Seiffert, M, Shellard, P, Shih, C, Sias, M, Silk, J, Silvestri, R, Sippel, R, Smoot, G, Starck, J, Stassi, P, Sternberg, J, Stivoli, F, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Stringhetti, L, Strommen, D, Stute, T, Sudiwala, R, Sugimura, R, Sunyaev, R, Sygnet, J, Türler, M, Taddei, E, Tallon, J, Tamiatto, C, Taurigna, M, Taylor, D, Terenzi, L, Thuerey, S, Tillis, J, Tofani, G, Toffolatti, L, Tommasi, E, Tomasi, M, Tonazzini, E, Torre, J, Tosti, S, Touze, F, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Tuttlebee, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Vallée, D, VAN DER VLIS, M, VAN LEEUWEN, F, Vanel, J, VAN TENT, B, Varis, J, Vassallo, E, Vescovi, C, Vezzu, F, Vibert, D, Vielva, P, Vierra, J, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Vuerli, C, Wade, L, Walker, A, Wandelt, B, Watson, C, Werner, D, White, M, White, S, Wilkinson, A, Wilson, P, Woodcraft, A, Yoffo, B, Yun, M, Yurchenko, V, Yvon, D, Zhang, B, Zimmermann, O, Zonca, A, Zorita, D, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL 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(PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics, general [Submillimeter], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, DESIGN, Aeronautics, CMB physics, SPACE, Space vehicles: instruments, Instrumentation: detectors, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, detectors [Instrumentation], QB, CALIBRATION, Physics, Planck ESA mission, general [Radio continuum], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, space vehicles: instrument, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPY, instrumentation: polarimeter, HIGH-FREQUENCY INSTRUMENT, cosmic microwave background, Submillimeter: general, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmic microwawe background, education, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, instrumentation: detector, Instrumentation: polarimeters, Cosmic microwave background, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], instruments [Space vehicles], Radio continuum: general, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, polarimeters [Instrumentation], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space vehicles, PERFORMANCE, 115 Astronomy, Space science, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], space vehicles: instruments, instrumentation: detectors, instrumentation: polarimeters, submillimeter: general, radio continuum: general, CMB EXPERIMENTS, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astronautics, Aeronàutica i espai::Astronàutica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Instruments, Astronàutica
Abstract

22 páginas, 16 figuras, 6 tablas.-- Planck Science Team: et al., The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, launched on 14 May 2009, is the third-generation space experiment in the field of cosmic microwave background (CMB) research. It will image the anisotropies of the CMB over the whole sky, with unprecedented sensitivity ( ~ 2 × 10-6) and angular resolution (~5 arcmin). Planck will provide a major source of information relevant to many fundamental cosmological problems and will test current theories of the early evolution of the Universe and the origin of structure. It will also address a wide range of areas of astrophysical research related to the Milky Way as well as external galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The ability of Planck to measure polarization across a wide frequency range (30-350 GHz), with high precision and accuracy, and over the whole sky, will provide unique insight, not only into specific cosmological questions, but also into the properties of the interstellar medium. This paper is part of a series which describes the technical capabilities of the Planck scientific payload. It is based on the knowledge gathered during the on-ground calibration campaigns of the major subsystems, principally its telescope and its two scientific instruments, and of tests at fully integrated satellite level. It represents the best estimate before launch of the technical performance that the satellite and its payload will achieve in flight. In this paper, we summarise the main elements of the payload performance, which is described in detail in the accompanying papers. In addition, we describe the satellite performance elements which are most relevant for science, and provide an overview of the plans for scientific operations and data analysis.

Published
2010
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29. MASTER: Millimetre and sub-millimetre triple heterodyne receiver

Author

Vincenzo Lacquaniti, J. R. Thorpe, G. Sironi, A. Passerini, U. Pisani, G. Tofani, M. Gervasi, E. Bava, Elia S. Battistelli, L. Brunetti, D. Andreone, M. De Petris, M. Zannoni, E. Natale, Sabino Maggi, G. Boella, F. Cavaliere, R. Steni, Battistelli, E, Boella, G, Cavaliere, F, Gervasi, M, Passerini, A, Sironi, G, Zannoni, M, Andreone, D, Brunetti, L, Lacquaniti, V, Maggi, S, Steni, R, Natale, E, Tofani, G, Bava, E, Pisani, U, Thorpe, J, and De Petris, M

Subjects
Physics, Heterodyne, microwave, business.industry, Superheterodyne receiver, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Rotational transition, Signal, law.invention, mm astronomy, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Optics, law, SIS mixer, Millimeter, Detection theory, millimeter, sub-millimeter, coherent detectors, heterodyne, superconducting, Heterodyne detection, mm astronomy, SIS mixer, microwave, business, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Gaussian beam
Abstract

We will describe a system of three heterodyne receivers. Its mixers are based on SIS tunnel junctions which allow a very sensible downconversion of the detectable signal from 94 GHz, 225 GHz and 345 GHz to 1.5 GHz. This will allow the detection of molecular rotational transition lines from diffuse molecular clouds. The current status of a 94 GHz receiver, prototype of MASTER, will also be described. Technical design and cryogenic problems solution will be shown and we will focus our attention on the optical coupling technique based on Gaussian beam analysis

Published
2002

30. Chemical Synthesis of Monolignols: Traditional Methods, Recent Advances, and Future Challenges in Sustainable Processes.

Author

Tiz DB, Tofani G, Vicente FA, and Likozar B

Abstract

Monolignols represent pivotal alcohol-based constituents in lignin synthesis, playing indispensable roles in plant growth and development with profound implications for industries reliant on wood and paper. Monolignols and their derivates have multiple applications in several industries. Monolignols exhibit antioxidant activity due to their ability to donate hydrogen atoms or electrons to neutralize free radicals, thus preventing oxidative stress and damage to cells. Characterized by their alcohol functionalities, monolignols present three main forms: p -coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol. In nature, particularly in plants, monolignols with geometry ( E ) predominate over their Z counterparts. The methods for obtaining the three canonical monolignols, two less-common monolignols, and a monolignol analogue are addressed to present an overview of these phenol-based compounds, particularly from a synthetic standpoint. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis is used to explain the advantages and disadvantages of synthesizing monolignols, key alcohol-containing raw materials with enormous significance in both plant biology and industrial applications, using bench chemical methods. The uniqueness of this work is that it provides an overview of the synthetic pathways of monolignols to assist researchers in pharmaceutical and biological fields in selecting an appropriate procedure for the preparation of their lignin models. Moreover, we aim to inspire scientists, particularly chemists, to develop more sustainable synthetic protocols for monolignols.

Published
2024
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31. Biorefining Twin Transition: Digitalisation for Bio-based Chemicals/Materials - Discovery, Design and Optimisation.

Author

Žula M, Grilc M, Kostyniuk A, Tofani G, Jasiukaitytė-Grojzdek E, Ročnik Kozmelj T, Kumar Chowdari R, Lavrič Ž, Teržan J, Hočevar B, Jakob A, Rakić E, Pomeroy B, Cajnko MM, A Vicente F, Marinič D, Oberlintner A, Novak U, Benedetto Tiz D, Huš M, and Likozar B

Abstract

The article discusses the production of platform chemicals from various biological sources, including glycerol, lignin, cellulose, bio-oils, and sea products. It presents the results of catalytic and downstream processes involved in the conversion of these biomass-derived feedstocks. The experimental approaches are complemented by numerical descriptions, ranging from density functional theory (DFT) calculations to kinetic modellingof the experimental data. This multi-scale modelling approach helps to understand the underlying mechanisms and optimize the production of platform chemicals from renewable resources., (Copyright 2023 Blaž Likozar, Matej Žula, Andrii Kostyniuk, Edita Jasiukaitytė-Grojzdek , Giorgio Tofani, Ramesh Kumar Chowdari, Tina Ročnik Kozmelj, Žan Lavrič, Janvit Teržan, Brigita Hočevar, Filipa A. Vicente, Ana Oberlintner, Matej Huš, Davide Benedetto Tiz, Miša Mojca Cajnko, Dana Marinič, Emilija Rakić, Brett Pomeroy, Miha Grilc, Ana Jakob, Uroš Novak. License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)

Published
2023
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32. Extraction and Characterization of Acidolysis Lignin from Turkey Oak ( Quercus cerris L.) and Eucalypt ( Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) Wood from Population Stands in Italy.

Author

Bergamasco S, Zikeli F, Vinciguerra V, Sobolev AP, Scarnati L, Tofani G, Scarascia Mugnozza G, and Romagnoli M

Abstract

Acidolysis lignins from the species Quercus cerris L. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. were isolated and characterized using high pressure size exclusion chromatography (HP-SEC), Fourier-transform (FTIR) infrared spectroscopy, analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS), and two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence (2D HSQC) NMR spectroscopy. The acidolysis lignins from the two different species varied in chemical composition and structural characteristics, with Q. cerris L. lignin having a higher S/G ratio and higher molar mass averages with a bimodal molar mass distribution. The different analytical techniques FTIR spectroscopy, Py-GCMS, and 2D NMR spectroscopy provided consistent results regarding the S/G ratio of the lignins from the two wood species. Based on the determined high S/G ratio of both oak and eucalypt lignin, the two wood sources could be promoted as substrates for efficient lignin isolation in modern forest biorefineries in order to develop innovative lignin-based value-added biorefinery products.

Published
2023
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33. Prebiotic supplementation modulates selective effects of stress on behavior and brain metabolome in aged mice.

Author

Cruz-Pereira JS, Moloney GM, Bastiaanssen TFS, Boscaini S, Tofani G, Borras-Bisa J, van de Wouw M, Fitzgerald P, Dinan TG, Clarke G, and Cryan JF

Abstract

Aging has a significant impact on physiology with implications for central nervous system function coincident with increased vulnerability to stress exposures. A number of stress-sensitive molecular mechanisms are hypothesized to underpin age-related changes in brain function. Recent cumulative evidence also suggests that aging impacts gut microbiota composition. However, the impact of such effects on the ability of mammals to respond to stress in aging is still relatively unexplored. Therefore, in this study we assessed the ability of a microbiota-targeted intervention (the prebiotic FOS-Inulin) to alleviate age-related responses to stress. Exposure of aged C57BL/6 mice to social defeat led to an altered social interaction phenotype in the social interaction test, which was reversed by FOS-Inulin supplementation. Interestingly, this occured independent of affecting social defeat-induced elevations in the stress hormone corticosterone. Additionally, the behavioral modifications following FOS-Inulin supplementation were also not coincident with improvement of pro-inflammatory markers. Metabolomics analysis was performed and intriguingly, age associated metabolites were shown to be reduced in the prefrontal cortex of stressed aged mice and this deficit was recovered by FOS-Inulin supplementation. Taken together these results suggest that prebiotic dietary intervention rescued the behavioral response to stress in aged mice, not through amelioration of the inflammatory response, but by restoring the levels of key metabolites in the prefrontal cortex of aged animals. Therefore, dietary interventions could be a compelling avenue to improve the molecular and behavioral manifestations of chronic stress exposures in aging via targeting the microbiota-gut brain axis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2022 The Authors.)

Published
2022
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34. Sporopollenin Microcapsule: Sunscreen Delivery System with Photoprotective Properties.

Author

Tampucci S, Tofani G, Chetoni P, Di Gangi M, Mezzetta A, Paganini V, Burgalassi S, Pomelli CS, and Monti D

Abstract

In recent years, the demand for high-quality solar products that combine high efficacy with environmentally friendly characteristics has increased. Among the coral-safe sunscreens, ethylhexyl triazone (Uvinul ® T150) is an effective organic UVB filter, photostable and practically insoluble in water, therefore difficult to be formulated in water-based products. Oil-free sunscreens are considered ideal for most skin types, as they are not comedogenic and do not leave the skin feeling greasy. Recent studies reported that pollen grains might represent innovative drug delivery systems for their ability to encapsulate and release active ingredients in a controlled manner. Before being used, the pollen grains must be treated to remove cellular material and biomolecules, which could cause allergic reactions in predisposed subjects; the obtained hollow structures possess uniform diameter and a rigid wall with openings that allow them to be filled with bioactive substances. In the present work, pollen from Lycopodium clavatum has been investigated both as a delivery system for ethylhexyl triazone and as an active ingredient by evaluating its photoprotective capacity. The goal is to obtain environmentally friendly solar aqueous formulations that take advantage of both sunscreen and sporopollenin microcapsules' UV protection with a relatively low cost, as these pollen grains are widely available.

Published
2022
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35. Expanding the Chemical Space of Benzimidazole Dicationic Ionic Liquids.

Author

Mezzetta A, Guglielmero L, Mero A, Tofani G, D'Andrea F, Pomelli CS, and Guazzelli L

Abstract

Benzimidazole dicationic ionic liquids (BDILs) have not yet been widely explored in spite of their potential. Therefore, two structurally related families of BDILs, paired with either bromide or bistriflimide anions and bearing alkyl spacers ranging from C3 to C6, have been prepared. Their thermal properties have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while their electrical properties have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). TG analysis confirmed the higher stability of the bistriflimide BDILs over the bromide BDILs, with minor variation within the two families. Conversely, DSC and CV allowed for ascertaining the role played by the spacer length. In particular, the thermal behavior changed dramatically among the members of the bistriflimide family, and all three possible thermal behavior types of ILs were observed. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry showed different electrochemical window (C 3 (C 1 BenzIm) 2 /2Tf 2 N < C 4 (C 1 BenzIm) 2 /2Tf 2 N, C 5 (C 1 BenzIm) 2 /2Tf 2 N < C 6 (C 1 BenzIm) 2 /2Tf 2 N) as well as a reduction peak potential, shape, and intensity as a function of the spacer length. The results obtained highlight the benefit of accessing a more structurally diverse pool of compounds offered by dicationic ILs when compared to the parent monocationic ILs. In particular, gains are to be found in the ease of fine-tuning their properties, which translates in facilitating further investigations toward BDILs as designer solvents and catalysts.

Published
2021
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