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Background One of the most common conditions seen in an orthopedic outpatient clinic is plantar heel pain (PHP). Studies analyzing various risk factors and their association with the development of PHP have been performed primarily in the Caucasian population, and no study has noted any association between the magnitude of various risk factors and their correlation to the severity of PHP. Hence, we performed a prospective cross-sectional observational study in a select South Indian population presenting with PHP to a tertiary care center. Methods All adult patients presenting to the orthopedic OPD between July 2019 and July 2020 were screened for unilateral PHP and were included after meeting the eligibility criteria. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), random blood sugar (RBS), uric acid, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and vitamin D3 were measured as demographic and metabolic parameters. Heel pad thickness, calcaneal spurs, and plantar fascial thickness were noted radiographically. Clinically, the wall-toe distance by weight bear lunge test of each foot was noted, and the severity was measured by the foot functional index (FFI). Results Among the 40 participants, the mean age was 44 (±10.9) years. The average BMI was 30.1 (27.02-32.95). No significant association was noted between the biochemical parameters and the occurrence of PHP. The plantar fascial thickness (PFT) and heel pad thickness (HPT) were thicker than the asymptomatic foot by 1.01 (0.60 - 1.30) mm and 0.79 (0.4-1.7) mm, respectively, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The heel cord length was found to be reduced by 0.86 (0.6-1) cms, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The average FFI score was 123.07 (±15.57), and the FFI score percentage in individuals was 53.5% (±6.77). None of the above risk factors showed any significant correlation to the intensity of clinical symptoms measured by FFI (p>0.05). Conclusion Participants had a high BMI and a higher percentage of females. There was a significant increase in PFT and HPT thickness and a significant reduction in gastrocnemius flexibility when compared to the asymptomatic foot. There was no significant association between various clinical, metabolic, and radiological risk factors and the intensity of plantar fasciitis measured by FFI., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Balaji et al.)

Pregnancy luteomas are rare, nonmalignant lesions thought to be caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy. Granulosa cell tumor is a rare type of ovarian cancer; 10% occur during pregnancy and typically present with elevated inhibin levels. Herein, we present a case of a pregnant female with a pelvic mass and elevated inhibin B suggestive of a granulosa cell tumor, yet with final pathology consistent with a pregnancy luteoma., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: RM receives research grants under Angle Inc and consulting/speaker fees from Fujirebio Diagnostics Inc. No disclosures from other authors. All fees are outside of submitted work and the authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Author(s).)

Primary lung lymphoma (PLL) is a rare unilateral or bilateral lung disorder that is challenging to diagnose solely based on clinical and radiological presentation. PLL may be misdiagnosed as pneumonia or a lung tumor due to non-specific findings. PLL is most frequently a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, a type of extranodal low-grade B-cell lymphoma most commonly discovered in the gastrointestinal tract. PLL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of non-resolving pneumonias. Herein we present a case of an 84-year-old patient discovered to have a primary pulmonary MALT lymphoma presenting as a non-resolving pneumonia causing a clinical challenge.

Background: There are 14.9 million refugees and 22 million internally displaced persons in the world. The clinical and research literature shows a significant degree of psychological stress among refugees with relatively high levels of physical and psychological dysfunction in them., Aims: To determine the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders among Kashmiri migrants settled in a migrant camp at Jammu, Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on adults of Kashmiri migrant families residing in Muthi camp at Jammu. Three hundred families (150 each from two camps) were taken up for the study. Psychopathology was measured using Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview Schedule (MINI). The data was categorized according to age, sex, education. The data was analyzed using Chi-square test with Yate's correction wherever required. P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant., Results: Psychiatric morbidity was more in migrant population 33.66% (n=208) than in controls 26% (n=52) with major depressive episode being the most common diagnosis, Conclusions: Depression, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) were statistically more prevalent among migrants than in controls.