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8. The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology - Part 1:Methane synchronization (68-31 kaBP) and the gas age-ice age difference

Author

Buizert, C., Cuffey, K. M., Severinghaus, J. P., Baggenstos, D., Fudge, T. J., Steig, E. J., Markle, B. R., Winstrup, M., Rhodes, R. H., Brook, E. J., Sowers, T. A., Clow, G. D., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Taylor, K. C., Buizert, C., Cuffey, K. M., Severinghaus, J. P., Baggenstos, D., Fudge, T. J., Steig, E. J., Markle, B. R., Winstrup, M., Rhodes, R. H., Brook, E. J., Sowers, T. A., Clow, G. D., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., and Taylor, K. C.

Published
2015

9. Gene-centric meta-analyses of 108 912 individuals confirm known body mass index loci and reveal three novel signals

Author

Guo, Y., Lanktree, M. B., Taylor, K. C., Hakonarson, H., Lange, L. A., Keating, B. J., Fairfax, B. P., Elbers, C. C., Barnard, J., Farrall, M., Padmanabhan, S., Baumert, J., Castillo, B. A., Gaunt, T. R., Gong, Y., Rajagopalan, R., Romaine, S. P., Kumari, M., Rafelt, S., Smith, E. N., Li, Y. R., Sivapalaratnam, S., van Iperen, E. P., Speliotes, E. K., Toskala, E., Zhang, L., Ochs-Balcom, H. M., Bhangale, T. R., Chandrupatla, H. R., Drenos, F., Gieger, C., Gupta, J., Johnson, T., Kleber, M. E., Makino, S., Mangino, M., Meng, Y., Nelson, C. P., Pankow, J. S., Pankratz, N., Price, T. S., Shaffer, J., Shen, H., Tischfield, S., Tomaszewski, M., Atwood, L. D., Bailey, K. M., Balasubramanyam, A., Baldwin, C. T., Basart, H., Bauer, F., Behr, E. R., Beitelshees, A. L., Berenson, G. S., Beresford, S. A., Bezzina, C. R., Bhatt, D. L., Boer, J. M., Braund, P. S., Burke, G. L., Burkley, B., Carty, C., Chen, W., Clarke, R., Cooper-DeHoff, R. M., Curtis, S. P., de Bakker, P. I., de Jong, J. S., Delles, C., Dominiczak, A. F., Duggan, D., Feldman, H. I., Furlong, C. E., Gorski, M. M., Gums, J. G., Hardwick, R., Hastie, C., Heid, I. M., Huang, G.-H., Huggins, G. S., Humphries, S. E., Kirkland, S. A., Kivimaki, M., Klein, R., Klein, B. E., Knowler, W. C., Kottke-Marchant, K., LaCroix, A. Z., Langaee, T. Y., Li, M., Lyon, H. N., Maiwald, S., Marshall, J. K., Mehta, A., Meijs, M. F., Melander, O., Meyer, N., Mitra, N., Molony, C. M., Morrow, D. A., Murugesan, G., Newhouse, S. J., Nieto, J. F., Onland-Moret, N. C., Ouwehand, W. H., Palmen, J., Pepine, C. J., Ranchalis, J., Rosas, S. E., Rosenthal, E. A., Scharnagl, H., Schork, N. J., Schreiner, P. J., Shah, T., Shashaty, M., Shimbo, D., Srinivasan, S. R., Thomas, F., Tobin, M. D., Tsai, M. Y., Verschuren, W. M. M., Wagenknecht, L. E., Winkelmann, B. R., Young, T., Yusuf, S., Zafarmand, M. H., Zmuda, J. M., Zwinderman, A. H., Anand, S. S., Balmforth, A. J., Boehm, B. O., Boerwinkle, E., Burton, P. R., Cappola, T. P., Casas, J. P., Caulfield, M. J., Christiani, D. C., Christie, J., Cruickshanks, K. J., Davey-Smith, G., Davidson, K. W., Day, I. N., Doevendans, P. A., Dorn, G. W., FitzGerald, G. A., Hall, A. S., Hingorani, A. D., Hirschhorn, J. N., Hofker, M. H., Hovingh, K. G., Illig, T., Jamshidi, Y., Jarvik, G. P., Johnson, J. A., Kanetsky, P. A., Kastelein, J. J., Koenig, W., Lawlor, D. A., Marz, W., McCaffery, J., Mega, J. L., Mitchell, B. D., Murray, S. S., O'Connell, J. R., Patel, S. R., Peters, A., Pettinger, M., Rader, D. J., Redline, S., Reilly, M. P., Sabatine, M. S., Schadt, E. E., Shuldiner, A. R., Silverstein, R. L., Spector, T. D., Taylor, H. A., Thorand, B., Trip, M. D., Watkins, H., Wichmann, H.- E., Fox, C. S., Grant, S. F., Peter, I., Talmud, P. J., Munroe, P. B., Wilson, J. G., Knight, J. C., Samani, N. J., Hegele, R. A., Asselbergs, F. W., Monda, K. L., van der Schouw, Y. T., Demerath, E. W., Wijmenga, C., Timpson, N. J., Reiner, A. P., North, K. E., Papanicolaou, G. J., Lange , L. A., Keating , B. J., Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health, Epidemiology and Data Science, Graduate School, Other departments, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology, Other Research, and Public and occupational health

Subjects
Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SH2B1, Genotype, Ethnicity, Genetics, Humans, education, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Association Studies Articles, General Medicine, Melanocortin 4 receptor, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent genetic association studies have made progress in uncovering components of the genetic architecture of the body mass index (BMI). We used the ITMAT-Broad-Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) (IBC) array comprising up to 49 320 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across ~2100 metabolic and cardiovascular-related loci to genotype up to 108 912 individuals of European ancestry (EA), African-Americans, Hispanics and East Asians, from 46 studies, to provide additional insight into SNPs underpinning BMI. We used a five-phase study design: Phase I focused on meta-analysis of EA studies providing individual level genotype data; Phase II performed a replication of cohorts providing summary level EA data; Phase III meta-analyzed results from the first two phases; associated SNPs from Phase III were used for replication in Phase IV; finally in Phase V, a multi-ethnic meta-analysis of all samples from four ethnicities was performed. At an array-wide significance (P < 2.40E-06), we identify novel BMI associations in loci translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (yeast) - apolipoprotein E - apolipoprotein C-I (TOMM40-APOE-APOC1) (rs2075650, P = 2.95E-10), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2, rs5996074, P = 9.43E-07) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 [NTRK2, a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptor gene, rs1211166, P = 1.04E-06] in the Phase IV meta-analysis. Of 10 loci with previous evidence for BMI association represented on the IBC array, eight were replicated, with the remaining two showing nominal significance. Conditional analyses revealed two independent BMI-associated signals in BDNF and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) regions. Of the 11 array-wide significant SNPs, three are associated with gene expression levels in both primary B-cells and monocytes; with rs4788099 in SH2B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1) notably being associated with the expression of multiple genes in cis. These multi-ethnic meta-analyses expand our knowledge of BMI genetics.

Published
2013

10. The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 1: Methane synchronization (68–31 ka BP) and the gas age–ice age difference

Author

Buizert, C., primary, Cuffey, K. M., additional, Severinghaus, J. P., additional, Baggenstos, D., additional, Fudge, T. J., additional, Steig, E. J., additional, Markle, B. R., additional, Winstrup, M., additional, Rhodes, R. H., additional, Brook, E. J., additional, Sowers, T. A., additional, Clow, G. D., additional, Cheng, H., additional, Edwards, R. L., additional, Sigl, M., additional, McConnell, J. R., additional, and Taylor, K. C., additional

Published
2015
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11. Accelerated deglaciation linked to volcanic eruptions 17.8k years ago

Author

McConnell, J. R., Dunbar, N. W., Köhler, Peter, Thomas, J. L., Chellman, N. J., Layman, L. R., Maselli, O. J., Pasteris, D. R., Sigl, M., Adkins, J., Baggenstos, D., Brook, E. J., Buizert, C., Burke, A., Cole-Dai, J., Fleet, L. G., Fudge, T. J., Knorr, Gregor, Grieman, M., Marcott, Shaun A., McGwire, K. C., Mulvaney, R., Paris, G., Rhodes, R., Saltzman, E.S., Severinghaus, J. P., Steffensen, J. P., Taylor, K. C., Winckler, G., McConnell, J. R., Dunbar, N. W., Köhler, Peter, Thomas, J. L., Chellman, N. J., Layman, L. R., Maselli, O. J., Pasteris, D. R., Sigl, M., Adkins, J., Baggenstos, D., Brook, E. J., Buizert, C., Burke, A., Cole-Dai, J., Fleet, L. G., Fudge, T. J., Knorr, Gregor, Grieman, M., Marcott, Shaun A., McGwire, K. C., Mulvaney, R., Paris, G., Rhodes, R., Saltzman, E.S., Severinghaus, J. P., Steffensen, J. P., Taylor, K. C., and Winckler, G.

Published
2014

13. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenlandice cores

Author

Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Abstract

THE direct-current electrical conductivity of glacial ice depends on its acidity1–3, and can also indicate changes in climate, as ice formed in cold, dusty periods has a high concentration of alkaline dust1,4,5, which significantly reduces the conductivity6,7 compared to warmer, less dusty periods. Here we present electrical conductivity records for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) and Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) ice cores, drilled 28 km apart to enable direct comparison of the results. The upper parts of both records are consistent with previous evidence from other Greenland cores4,8& #150;12 for a stable Greenland climate during the Holocene, and a series of warm events punctuating the last glacial period. However, there is a significant discrepancy between the two records in the bottom 10% of the cores, calling into question recent reports of climate variability in the last interglacial4,8 and the penultimate glaciation8. At this stage, it is too early to say what exactly is causing the discrepancy, although ice flow may have introduced some discontinuities into the records. Further work will be necessary to establish how much climatic information it will eventually be possible to extract from the lower parts of the two cores.

Published
1993

14. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores

Author

Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuhl, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuhl, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Published
1993

15. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores

Author

Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Clausen, Henrik Brink, Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Clausen, Henrik Brink, Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Abstract

THE direct-current electrical conductivity of glacial ice depends on its acidity1-3, and can also indicate changes in climate, as ice formed in cold, dusty periods has a high concentration of alkaline dust1,4,5, which significantly reduces the conductivity6,7 compared to warmer, less dusty periods. Here we present electrical conductivity records for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) and Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) ice cores, drilled 28 km apart to enable direct comparison of the results. The upper parts of both records are consistent with previous evidence from other Greenland cores4,8& #150;12 for a stable Greenland climate during the Holocene, and a series of warm events punctuating the last glacial period. However, there is a significant discrepancy between the two records in the bottom 10% of the cores, calling into question recent reports of climate variability in the last interglacial4,8 and the penultimate glaciation8. At this stage, it is too early to say what exactly is causing the discrepancy, although ice flow may have introduced some discontinuities into the records. Further work will be necessary to establish how much climatic information it will eventually be possible to extract from the lower parts of the two cores. Udgivelsesdato: 09 december

Published
1993

31. Book Reviews

Author

Huntley, David, primary, Thomson, Francis, J., additional, Keep, John, additional, Ruud, Charles A., additional, Shelest, J. W., additional, Prymak, Thomas M., additional, Calder, Loren D., additional, Smith, Irving H., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Taras, Ray, additional, Greenspan, Louis I., additional, Laszlo, Leslie, additional, Bandyopadhyay, Pradeep, additional, Ponomareff, Constantin V., additional, Bubrin, Vladimir, additional, Możejko, Edward, additional, Forman, Betty Yetta, additional, Barnstead, John A., additional, Plaskacz, Bohdan, additional, Eramian, Gregory M., additional, Schaarschmidt, Gunter, additional, Cracraft, James, additional, Kach, N., additional, Slavutych, Yar, additional, Davies, Norman, additional, Petro, Peter, additional, Juričić, Ž. B., additional, Agnew, Hugh L., additional, Moser, Charles A., additional, Mirejovsky, Petr, additional, and Lockwood, William G., additional

Published
1982
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32. Book Reviews

Author

Thomas, G., primary, Smith, Paul A., additional, Griffiths, Franklyn, additional, Zinam, Oleg, additional, Rodney, W., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Bryner, Cyril, additional, Brock, Peter, additional, Horak, Stephen M., additional, Solecki, Jan J., additional, Moravcik, Ivo, additional, Grabowski, Y., additional, Barszap, Michal, additional, Brown, A. H., additional, Balogh, Eva S., additional, Raina, Peter, additional, Markovich, Stephen C., additional, Milenkovitch, Deborah D., additional, Meininger, T. A., additional, Pech, Stanley Z., additional, Wainman, Alexander W., additional, McCagg, William O., additional, Shashko, Philip, additional, Gerus, Oleh W., additional, Dittrich, Z. R., additional, LaGrand, John J., additional, Nevo, Natan, additional, Stammler, Heinrich A., additional, Grebenschikov, Vladimir, additional, Smith, Alan, additional, Busch, R. L., additional, Donskov, Andrew, additional, Jordan, Z. A., additional, Holden, Kyril T., additional, and Priestly, T. M. S., additional

Published
1976
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33. Book Reviews

Author

Shein, Louis J., primary, Jauksch-Orlovski, Cyril, additional, Yedlin, T., additional, Johnston, Robert H., additional, Elwood, R. C., additional, Serbyn, Roman, additional, Kristof, Ladis K. D., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Abouchar, Alan, additional, Chrypinski, Vincent C., additional, Hunter, T. Murray, additional, Miller, Robert F., additional, Kirschhaum, Stanislav, additional, Selucky, Milada, additional, Singleton, F. B., additional, Liebich, Andrè, additional, Lee, Edward S., additional, Feuer, Kathryn B., additional, Varnai, Paul, additional, Shoolbraid, G. M. H., additional, Folejewski, Z., additional, Thomson, R. D. B., additional, Priestly, T. M. S., additional, Stolz, Benjamin, additional, Birkenmayer, Sigmund S., additional, and Schaarschmidt, G., additional

Published
1974
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34. Book Reviews

Author

McCagg, William O., primary, Call, Paul, additional, Raeff, Marc, additional, Pospielovsky, Dimitry, additional, Zagorin, B, additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Day, Richard B., additional, Medlin, Virgil D., additional, Strong, John W., additional, Mclnnes, Simon, additional, Gruca, Jerzy, additional, De George, Richard T., additional, Solecki, Jan J., additional, Monas, Sidney, additional, Turner, C. J. G., additional, Kalbouss,, George, additional, Cioran, S., additional, Iverson, Anne M., additional, Austin, Paul M., additional, Mofejko, Edward W., additional, Laine, Edward, additional, Stone, Daniel, additional, Chrypinski, V. C., additional, Bromke, Adam, additional, Selucky, Radoslav, additional, Zekulin, Gleb, additional, Wynar, Lubomvr, additional, Balawyder,, Aloysius, additional, and Uhde, Jan, additional

Published
1977
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37. Decoding the dipstick: Thickness of Siple Dome, West Antarctica, at the Last Glacial Maximum.

Author

Waddington, E. D., Conway, H., Steig, E. J., Alley, R. B., Brook, E. J., Taylor, K. C., and White, J. W. C.

Subjects
*PHYSICAL geography, *ICE, *GEOLOGY, *EARTH sciences
Abstract

Ice thickness in West Antarctica at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is poorly known, yet is key information for understanding ice streams and interpreting ice cores. Although trim lines, moraine limits, and exposure-age dating provide geologic constraints on ice thickness near the Transantarctic Mountains and in Marie Byrd Land, lack of exposed bedrock hampers traditional geologic methods in a central, ∼2 × 106 km² region. Here we infer ice-sheet thickness changes in the central Ross Sea Embayment by using a transient ice-flow model to find combinations of accumulation-rate and ice-sheet thickness histories that match the depth-age relationship and the measured layer-thickness pattern in the Siple Dome ice core. After we reject unreasonable accumulation-rate histories, the remaining history pales indicate thinning of 200–400 m since the LGM. Our estimate is lower than previous reconstructions that were constrained by geologic evidence from the Transantarctic Mountains and by marine data from the Ross Sea floor, which indicate that a grounded ice sheet extended to the continental shelf margin during the last glacial period. Low surface elevations in the central Ross Sea Embayment during the LGM do not preclude thicker ice along its boundaries. However, if this grounded ice sheet came over 1000 km from interior West Antarctica, as is usually assumed, then it had very low surface slope, requiring a very slippery bed. Alternatively, the grounded Ross Sea ice might have flowed from the Transantarctic Mountains and western Marie Byrd Land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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38. Examination of reproductive aging milestones among women who carry the FMR1 premutation.

Author

Allen EG, Sullivan AK, Marcus M, Small C, Dominguez C, Epstein MP, Charen K, He W, Taylor KC, and Sherman SL

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein physiology, Humans, Menstrual Cycle, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal epidemiology, Pregnancy, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency genetics, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Smoking physiopathology, Twins, Dizygotic, Aging physiology, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein genetics, Reproduction physiology
Abstract

Background: The fragile X premutation is characterized by a large CGG repeat track (55-199 repeats) in the 5' UTR of the FMR1 gene. This X-linked mutation leads to an increased risk for premature ovarian failure; interestingly, the association of repeat size with risk is non-linear. We hypothesize that the premutation-associated ovarian insufficiency is due to a diminished oocyte pool and examined reproductive aging milestones by repeat size group to determine if the same non-linear association is observed., Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional reproductive history questionnaire data from 948 women with a wide range of repeat sizes., Results: We have confirmed the non-linear relationship among premutation carriers for ovarian insufficiency. The mid-range repeat size group (80-100 repeats), not the highest group, had an increased risk for: altered cycle traits (shortened cycle length, irregular cycles and skipped cycles), subfertility and dizygotic twinning. Smoking, a modifiable risk, decreased the reproductive lifespan of women with the premutation by about 1 year, similar to its effect on non-carriers. As expected, premutation carriers were found to be at an increased risk for osteoporosis., Conclusions: Possible molecular mechanisms to explain the non-linear repeat size risk for ovarian insufficiency are discussed.

Published
2007
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