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6. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the leaf essential oil of Ravenia spectabilis Engl. (Rutaceae)

Author

Singh, Swati, Kurmi, Alka, Singh, Munmun Kumar, Kashyap, Praveen Kumar, Tandon, Sudeep, Chauhan, Amit, Padalia, Rajendra Chandra, Saikia, Dharmendra, and Verma, Ram Swaroop

Abstract

Ravenia spectabilis Engl. belongs to the family Rutaceae is known to possess several biologically active phytomolecules. This study was planned to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the leaf essential oil of R. spectabilis. The hydrodistillation of fresh leaves of R. spectabilis gave 0.19 ± 0.02% essential oil. The resulting essential oil was analysed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Altogether, thirty-one constituents forming 97.6 ± 1.72% of the total oil composition were identified. Major components of the oil were sabinene (60.8 ± 0.36%), α-pinene (5.4 ± 0.30%), myrcene (4.8 ± 0.25%), δ-3-carene (4.7 ± 0.62%) and β-pinene (4.3 ± 0.17%). The in-vitro antimicrobial potential of the oil was examined against eight human pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. The essential oil showed significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, and Candida kefyr. This is the first report on R. spectabilis leaf essential oil composition and its antimicrobial activity. The essential oil could be a promising natural source of sabinene and antimicrobial for developing new phytotherapeutics.

Published
2022
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17. Pharmacological and phytochemical evaluation of Ocimum sanctum root extracts for its antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.

Author

Kumar, Anant, Agarwal, Karishma, Maurya, Anil Kumar, Shanker, Karuna, Bushra, Umme, Tandon, Sudeep, and Bawankule, Dnyaneshwar U.

Subjects
OCIMUM sanctum, ANTI-inflammatory agents, ANTIPYRETICS, ANALGESICS, PHYTOCHEMICALS, CARRAGEENANS
Abstract

Background: Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases risk of having a range of gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, new anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic drugs having lesser side effects are being searched all over the world as alternatives to NSAIDs. Aims: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic profile of Ocimum sanctum root extracts. Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory profile of hexane (STH), chloroform (STC), ethyl acetate (STE), butanol (STB) and water (STW) extracts of OS was carried out by using carrageenan induced paw edema. STE a most active extract was further validated in dose dependent manner for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity as well as oral toxicity profile in small laboratory animals. Identification of bioactives flux and chemical signature of most active fraction STE was developed by using the high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting. Results: An ethyl acetate fraction (STE) exhibit most potent anti-inflammatory activity followed by STB, STW, STC and STH. Dose response study of STE showed anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic potential in dose-dependent manner without any toxic effect at dose 2000 mg/kg. Chemical fingerprint revealed the presence of flavanoids. Conclusions: The present research revealed that STE possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. However, future research is advocated to evaluate the pharmacological properties of isolated bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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18. Antiaging, antistress and ROS scavenging activity of crude extract of Ocimum sanctum (L.) in Caenorhabditis elegans (Maupas, 1900).

Author

Pandey R, Gupta S, Shukla V, Tandon S, and Shukla V

Subjects
Animals, Caenorhabditis elegans growth & development, Caenorhabditis elegans metabolism, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins genetics, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins metabolism, Cell Proliferation, Chemotaxis drug effects, Environment, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins genetics, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins metabolism, Hot Temperature, Hydrogen Peroxide metabolism, RNA, Messenger genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Signal Transduction drug effects, Sirtuins genetics, Sirtuins metabolism, Aging drug effects, Antioxidants pharmacology, Caenorhabditis elegans drug effects, Complex Mixtures pharmacology, Free Radical Scavengers pharmacology, Ocimum chemistry, Oxidative Stress drug effects
Abstract

Since aging is the most important risk factor for variety of diseases, the discovery of a wide range of chemical modulators of aging in model organisms encourages new strategies for targeting age associated diseases. Simple genetic manipulation leads to long-lived and healthy animals, so any compound which could have similar effect would prove a boon to mankind. In the present study, effect of different pharmacological doses (1.0, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/mL) of O. sanctum crude extract were used to determine their impact on life span, thermotolerance and ROS scavenging activities in C. elegans. The results revealed that 1 mg/mL of O. sanctum extract significantly extended the life span of C. elegans. The extract also proved to be a strong free radical scavenger and increased resistance against thermal stress. It is also suggested that the protective and life span extending action of the crude extract is not only due to its antioxidant capacity but may also be mediated by modulation of some signaling pathways. Thus, in addition to all the known medicinal property of Ocimum, it is capable of increasing stress tolerance and life span in C. elegans.

Published
2013

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