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NADPH-oxidase (NOX) is a novel transmembrane enzyme that appears to have pivotal role in the control of platelet signal pathways. The NOX activity in platelets is controlled by agonist receptors activation, which, in turn are modulated by NOX. This review focuses on participation of NOX in autocrine and paracrine regulation of platelet activation, aggregation secretion, protein synthesis and cell recruitment processes during thrombus formation. Possible involving of NOX in the cell-to-cell communication and coordination in response to trombogenic stimulus is discussed.

The adult rats received both neurotoxin 6-hidroxidophamine and neurotoxin and melatonin. It was investigated a link between the disturbances of the brain antioxidant enzymes activity and thymic endocrine function, as possible pathogenic factors of parkinsonism, with changes in the number of neural stem cells (NSC) in the bulbus olfactorius. Rats with motor asymmetry in the apomorphine test and significant damage of the dopaminergic neurons in the-substantia nigra have decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in striatum (1.3-1.4 times) and blood thymulin content (8 times) compared to control group. On the contrary, examined indices were not changed in rats without motor asymmetry and correspondingly partly damaged neurons. The number of nestin(+)-cells in the bulbus olfactorius of rats without motor asymmetry increased from 91.2% to 99.3% and remained unchanged after melatonin administration course (10 mg/kg during 18 days). Melatonin administration resulted in the decrease in the number of nestin(+)-cells along with significant elevation of the decreased antioxidant enzymes activity and blood thymulin content in rats with circulatory movements. Possibilities of the enhancement of NSC differentiation in bulbus olfactorius into neuronal direction in such animals has been discussed. The conclusion about the potential use of melatonin as a neuroprotector in parkinsonism therapy has been made.