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The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is one of the richest regions of Russia. However, the hardness of the climate in this region amends its full development. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has a poorly developed network of highways and railroads. The active development of the fields of the region has been in progress since the middle of last century. However, more than 16 thousand potential deposits remain understudied. Thus, it is necessary to build highways with due regard for modern techniques and technologies of construction for the development of industry as well as socio-economic spheres in this region. This article deals with the issues of potential use of tailings of the diamond mining industry for the construction of highways. Moreover, the amounts of dumps available would be enough to construct more than 20 thousand km of double-track highways, for the industrial and civil purposes. The advantage of the use of the refuse heaps is their proximity to the potential route. First of all, it is necessary to build a transport road, which would connect the Trans-Siberian railway with the Northern sea route. Construction technology should be adapted to the climatic characteristics of the region, therefore providing a uniform resource usage all year round. For the accelerated construction of subgrade, the two lines of railway should be placed on the same roadbed. After the construction of the subgrade of the entire section one of the ways could be dismantled and the movement of vehicles could be organized in its stead, after the preparation of the pavement. This will result in the construction of the roads with combined traffic for road transport as well as railroad transport. The construction of highways in this region must be associated with the transport strategy of Russia until 2030 and 2050.

Problems of monitoring ionizing radiations and neutrons from nitrogen reactions taking place on irradiation of air, nitrogen-oxygen mixtures, nitrogen oxides, or water containing dissolved air and during capture of neutrons by nitrogen nuclei are discussed. Nitrogen-oxygen and nitrogen oxides ionizing-radiation and thermal neutron monitors are proposed on the basis of the investigated radiation-chemical effects. The lower limit of measurement of radiation dosage is 1 rad, and that of an integral neutral flux is 109 neutrons/cm2. Use of the appropriate procedure makes it possible to reduce these limits. The upper limits of measurement of dosages and neutron fluxes by opentype monitors are virtually unrestricted. The method makes it possible to carry out dosimetric measurements from samples of air and water under natural conditions.

The criteria used at present for evaluating valves [i, 2] (coefficient of clear opening, coefficient of drainage, specific leakage, and dead space of valves and valve seats) do not evaluate the design features of air distributors and their effect on the technicoeconomic operational indexes of piston compressors, Thus, a large clear opening of the valve (passage section) usually 4ncreases gas leakages through the seal edges and enhances the dead space. Valves with extremely poor spring pressure have high drainage coefficient which ultimately delays the seal operation with adverse consequences.