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Introduction: Anemia is a substantial public health problem that happens worldwide with higher prevalence noted in children less than 5 years and rural children. The studywas aimed to explore the keypredictors of anemia of study population in rural setting of Bangladesh. Methodology & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural Bangladesh from 1 July 2018 to December 2019. Under-five children aged six months to below sixty months were enrolled in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interview from attending primary caregiver and from the results of laboratory tests of blood sample from target children. Data were analyzed through SPSS 23 software. Initially univariate analysis was done to identify predictors of anaemia followed by multivariate analysis to explore the key predictors through logistic regression. Results: A total data of258 under-five children aged 6-59 month were included in this study from the rural areas of Bangladesh. Among the studied children overall prevalence of anaemia was found 61.8%. The significant predictors (p

Aims and Objectives: To compare the ultrasonographic findings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of cytopathology to asses the diagnostic validity of transabdominal ultrasonography (USG). Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study in Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of radiology and imaging of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, during July, Dhaka, during July 2009–March 2011 to evaluate the transabdominal USG in the detection of HCC and its validity by determining sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values. For this purpose, a total of fifty patients were enrolled in the study. Cytopathology was done in all these patients. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analyses of the results were obtained using window-based computer software devised with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-13) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The analysis of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy was done using online OpenEpi, Version 3, an open-source calculator. Results: The current study found that the mean age of patients was 49.14 ± 13.79 years, ranging from 20 to 79 years. The USG detected HCC in 31 (62%) cases, of which 27 (87.1%) were cytopathologically proven. USG diagnosed 19 (38%) cases as lesions other than HCC, of which 4 (21.1%) cases were diagnosed as HCC cytopathologically (false negative). The rest of the 15 (78.9%) cases were diagnosed as other lesions including metastasis, by both USG and cytopathologically (true negative). The validity of USG was studied by calculating sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV, which were 87.1%, 78.95%, 87.1%, 78.95%, and 84%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, the USG findings and the validity tests were found almost identical as observed by other investigators compared with cytopathological findings. Hence, it can be concluded that the USG is a useful diagnostic modality in the diagnosis of HCC.

Additional file 1. Table S1. Determinants of job insecurity among the humanitarian worker. Table S2. Determinants of depression among the humanitarian worker using ordinal logistic regression. Table S3. Determinants of anxiety among the Humanitarian Worker using ordinal logistic regression. Table S4. Determinants of stress among the Humanitarian Worker using ordinal logistic regression.

Background Anaemia and its association with low physical and cognitive development in under-five children remain as a common public health burden in developing countries including Bangladesh. Childhood anemia is significantly associated with age, rural residence, infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, infectious disease, maternal illiteracy etc. We have studied to identify current prevalence, and to explore associated socio-demographic, health, and nutritional factors of anaemia in under-five children of rural Bangladesh. Methods and materials A cross-sectional study was conducted at five remote northern districts of Bangladesh involving rural children aged 6 - 24-36 months and 44.3% in >36

Master's Thesis GLODE360

Zebrafish connexin 36.7 (cx36.7/ecx) has been identified as a key molecule in the early stages of heart development in this species. A defect in cx36.7 causes severe heart malformation due to the downregulation of nkx2.5 expression, a result which resembles congenital heart disease in humans. It has been shown that cx36.7 is expressed specifically in early developing heart cardiomyocytes. However, the regulatory mechanism for the cardiac-restricted expression of cx36.7 remains to be elucidated. In this study we isolated the 5'-flanking promoter region of the cx36.7 gene and characterized its promoter activity in zebrafish embryos. Deletion analysis showed that a 316-bp upstream region is essential for cardiac-restricted expression. This region contains four GATA elements, the proximal two of which are responsible for promoter activation in the embryonic heart and serve as binding sites for gata4. When gata4, gata5 and gata6 were simultaneously knocked down, the promoter activity was significantly decreased. Moreover, the deletion of the region between -316 and -133bp led to EGFP expression in the embryonic trunk muscle. The distal two GATA and A/T-rich elements in this region act as repressors of promoter activity in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that cx36.7 expression is directed by cardiac promoter activation via the two proximal GATA elements as well as by skeletal muscle-specific promoter repression via the two distal GATA elements.

This book addresses important biomaterials which are commonly used to fabricate scaffolds and it describes two major protocols employed in scaffold fabrication. Tissue engineering or regenerative medicine aims at restoring ex-novo tissues and organs whose functionality has been compromised as a consequence of diseases or traumatic events. The innovative concept underlying tissue engineering is the use of autologous cells, obtained from a biopsy of the patient. Cells are seeded on a porous scaffold which has the role of supporting and guiding cells towards the development of tissue-like structures as well as providing a platform for the delivery under controlled condition of growth factor release, etc. The successful manufacture of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications is crucial. In this book, these biomaterials are discussed. The book also covers illustrated examples, structure and properties of scaffolds, cellular interactions and drug delivery.