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3. Risk factors for syphilis: cocaine use and prostitution

Author

Rolfs, Robert T., Goldberg, Martin, and Sharrar, Robert G.

Subjects
Syphilis -- Risk factors, Crack (Drug) -- Health aspects, Prostitution -- Health aspects, Government, Health care industry
Abstract

The incidence of primary and secondary syphilis has been on the increase on the United States for the past several years. This has been especially noted among minority group heterosexuals, in Philadelphia, since 1986. It was suggested that the increase was due, in part, to the exchange of sex for smoked, or ''crack'' cocaine. A prospective case-control study was initiated in the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Philadelphia, using patients diagnosed with primary and secondary syphilis and those with latent syphilis of less than six months' duration. It was further required that the cases in the study would be interviewed for partner notification at that clinic. A standard questionnaire was administered to each case by an STD interviewer, and included demographics, STD history, reason for attending this clinic, where the subjects originally sought medical care, clinical and laboratory data and sexual and drug behavior for three months prior to the interview. One hundred and seventy syphilis cases, and 166 controls from other patients in the STD clinic constituted the initial study group interviewed between September 1987 and January 1988. Primary syphilis was found in 20 percent of cases, 36 percent had secondary syphilis and 44 percent had latent syphilis. Cocaine use for the three-month period prior to the study was common among the men. Exchange of cocaine and money for sex was more common among the female cases than the controls. Both cocaine use and prostitution stand as risk factors that have contributed to the increase in syphilis in this area. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

8. Comparison of Media for Direct Isolation and Transport of Shigellae from Fecal Specimens

Author

Morris, George K., Koehler, Judith A., Gangarosa, Eugene J., and Sharrar, Robert G.

Abstract

Xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar, SS agar, and MacConkey agar for isolating shigellae from fecal specimens were compared. XLD agar was superior to both SS agar and MacConkey agar for isolating Shigella sonnei, and both XLD and SS agar were superior to MacConkey agar for isolating S. flexneri. Direct plating of the fecal specimens in the field resulted in a greater yield of shigellae as compared to transporting specimens to the laboratory either in holding media or enrichment broth. Buffered glycerol saline was superior to other transport media evaluated, yielding 83% of shigella isolates when plated within 48 hr as compared to direct plating. The combination of XLD agar and SS agar is recommended for direct isolation of shigellae, and, whenever possible, these solid media should be taken to the bedside and inoculated directly.

Published
1970
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9. Fresh Air with Terry Gross, February 20, 1986: Interview with Anonymous; Interview with Heshie Zinman; Interview with Dr. John Turner, Dr. Robert Sharrar, and Roger Stevens, Part 1.

Author

Zinman, Heshie, Turner, John, -2008, Sharrar, Robert G, Stephens, Roger (Social work administrator), WHYY Public Media, Miller, Danny (Radio producer), Gross, Terry, Zinman, Heshie, Turner, John, -2008, Sharrar, Robert G, Stephens, Roger (Social work administrator), WHYY Public Media, Miller, Danny (Radio producer), and Gross, Terry

Abstract

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., (1.) On this special edition of Fresh Air devoted to the AIDS Crisis, Terry Gross speaks with a 32-year-old New Jersey man who was diagnosed with the disease a year ago. Fresh Air has respected his wish to remain anonymous. (2.) HESHIE ZINMAN is a "buddy" who helps "PWAs," or Persons with AIDS, many of whom are unemployed and/or without health insurance, and who are often rejected by their families and others in society. Buddies help PWAS by doing everything from housecleaning, filling out medical forms, advocating for the person, to listening to their fears. He joins the show to discuss his work organizing on behalf of PWAs. (3.) Dr. JOHN TURNER is an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Temple University who treats many AIDS patients. Dr. ROBERT SHARRAR is an epidemiologist monitoring the spread of AIDS in Philadelphia as the Director of the Division of Disease Control at the Philadelphia Department of Health. ROGER STEPHENS is the chair of the education committee of the Philadelphia AIDS Task Force and the Director of Social Work at Graduate Hospital. They join the show to discuss the medical and social aspects of AIDS, safe sex practices, and the response to AIDS in Philadelphia.

Published
1986

10. Fresh Air with Terry Gross, February 20, 1986: Interview with Dr. John Turner, Dr. Robert Sharrar, and Roger Stevens, Part 2.

Author

Turner, John, -2008, Sharrar, Robert G, Stephens, Roger (Social work administrator), WHYY Public Media, Miller, Danny (Radio producer), Gross, Terry, Turner, John, -2008, Sharrar, Robert G, Stephens, Roger (Social work administrator), WHYY Public Media, Miller, Danny (Radio producer), and Gross, Terry

Abstract

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., (1.) Part two of Fresh Air's interview with medical and social experts on this special edition of the show devoted to the AIDS crisis. Dr. JOHN TURNER is an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Temple University who treats many AIDS patients. Dr. ROBERT SHARRAR is an epidemiologist monitoring the spread of AIDS in Philadelphia as the Director of the Division of Disease Control at the Philadelphia Department of Health. ROGER STEPHENS is the chair of the education committee of the Philadelphia AIDS Task Force and the Director of Social Work at Graduate Hospital. They join the show to discuss the medical and social aspects of AIDS, safe sex practices, and the response to AIDS in Philadelphia. Turner, Sharrar, and Stephens will also respond to listener calls.

Published
1986

11. National influenza experience in the USA, 1968-69

Author

Sharrar, Robert G.

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, Age Factors, Infant, Session I—Epidemiology of Hong Kong Influenza, Middle Aged, United States, Disease Outbreaks, Sex Factors, Child, Preschool, Influenza, Human, Humans, Child, Aged
Abstract

An extensive outbreak of Hong Kong influenza occurred in the USA during the autumn and early winter of 1968-69. Introduction and seeding of the virus occurred in September and early October as individuals returned from the Far East. Civilian outbreaks did not develop until late October and November. By 28 December, all States had experienced influenza outbreaks. Limited information concerning age- and sex-specific attack rates indicates that all age segments of the population were equally involved. Significant excess pneumonia-influenza mortality occurred in all 9 geographical areas of the country and followed influenza activity by several weeks. Influenza B activity was documented in 37 States during the winter.

Published
1969

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