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Objective. This pre-post study is aimed at determining the effects of masticatory muscle activity (masseter and temporalis) measured via sEMG between conventional, self-ligating, and ceramic bracket after six months of orthodontic treatment. Methods. A total of eighteen (18) malocclusion patients were identified. Malocclusion patients were subdivided into 3 groups based on the bracket selection (conventional, self-ligating, and ceramic bracket) with 6 patients for each group. sEMG of muscles were done using a two-channel electromyography device, where pregelled and self-adhesive electrodes (bilateral) were applied. Chewing and clenching of masseter and temporalis muscle activity were recorded for 20 s pre and 6 months of orthodontic treatment using sEMG (frequency 60 Hz). The data were analysed by using repeated measures ANOVA in IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24.0. Results. Chewing and clenching for masseter muscle showed no significant difference ( P > 0.05 ) in sEMG activity of three types of the brackets. However, for temporalis muscle, there was a significant difference found in sEMG activity during chewing ( P < 0.05 ) and clenching ( P < 0.05 ) between these three brackets. Conclusion. The activity of temporalis muscle showed significant changes in chewing and clenching, where the conventional group demonstrated better muscle activity pre and at six months of fixed appliances.

Aims: To correct the Angle class I malocclusion with crowding via four premolar extractions.Presentation of case:A 19-year-old Malaysian female presented with the bimaxillary protrusion, crowding, high canines, midline deviation and edge-to-edge anterior bite. Upper lateral incisors were palatalized and in crossbite interactions with the opposite teeth.Discussion: Treatment was initiated using fixed orthodontic appliances followed by four 1st premolar extractions in both arches. Case was finished with good inter cuspation of the upper and lower teeth. Molars were finished in a Class I relationship with canine guidance, and ideal overjet and overbite were obtained.Conclusion: Successful finishing of a case with beautiful smile, obtained proper overjet and overbite, corrected cross bite, midline shifting and the improved soft tissue profile.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.683-687

Introduction Residents in facilities such as nursing homes (NHs) are particularly vulnerable to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). A national survey was carried out to collect information on the spreading and impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in nursing homes, and on how suspected and/or confirmed cases were managed. We carried out a survey between 25 March 2020 and 5 May 2020. Materials and Methods All Italian nursing homes either public or providing services both privately and within the NHS were included in the study. An on‐line questionnaire was sent to 3292 nursing homes across all Italian regions. Nursing homes were also contacted by telephone to provide assistance in completing the questionnaire. Results A total of 1356 nursing homes voluntarily participated to the survey, hosting a total of 100,806 residents. Overall, 9154 residents died due to any cause from February 1 to the time when the questionnaire was completed (from March 25 to May 5). Of these, 7.4% had COVID‐19 and 33.8% had flu‐like symptoms, corresponding to a cumulative incidence of 0.7 and 3.1, respectively. Lack of personnel, difficulty in transferring patients to hospital or other facility, isolating residents with COVID‐19, number of beds and geographical area were the main factor positively associated to the presence of COVID‐19 in nursing homes. Discussion This survey showed the dissemination and impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Italian nursing homes and on how older and potentially chronically ill people residing in these long‐term care facilities were managed., Key points Dissemination and impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Italian nursing homesHow elderly and potentially chronically ill people residing in these long‐term care facilities were managedThe mortality profile in the Italian nursing homes

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the uses of electromyography (EMG) in dentistry in the last few years in related research. EMG is an advanced technique to record and evaluate muscle activity. In the previous days, EMG was only used for medical sciences, but now EMG playing a tremendous role in medical as well as dental sector. Materials and Methods: Several electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies published until July 2015. Results: EMG can be used in both diagnosis and treatment purpose to record neuromuscular activity. In dentistry, we can utilize EMG to evaluate muscular activity in function such as chewing and biting or parafunctional activities such as clenching and bruxism. In case of TMJ and myofascial pain disorders, EMG widely is used in the last few years. Conclusions: EMG is one of biometric tests that occur in the modern evidence-based dentistry practice.

Dental caries affect humans of all ages, including all regions of the world and is a disease of the complex interplay of social, behavioral, cultural, dietary, and biological risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine the oral hygiene status and the prevalence of decayed, missing, and filled number of teeth (DMFT index) among madrasa going children of selected area of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A descriptive type of crosssectional study was conducted by a purposeful selection of some madrasa with a sample size of 251. Data collection were done by four sections. Section one, two and three consist of structured questionnaire and section four resembles to DMFT index which were measured by clinical examination using an examination form. Seventy percent of children had experienced dental caries with mean DMFT score of 1.94. Female children had higher DMFT score than male children. There was a highly significant association between tooth brushing frequency and family income of respondents with caries. We conducted this study in madrasa because up till now such study has not been performed. These data on oral health status and prevalence of DMFT will certainly helps to determine the appropriate treatment plan for madrasa going children. For the benefit of a community, dental health programs need to be conducted repeatedly in order to reach the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO). How to cite this article Khan M, Nishi SE, Yusufzai SJ, Jamayet NB, Alam MK. Oral Health Status among Madrasa going Children in Selected Areas of Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(1):45-49.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the association and correlation between the overjet and muscle activity (the masseter and temporalis muscles) in patient with Class II malocclusion in different genders using surface electromyography (sEMG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The overjet (measured clinically) and electromyographical activity (rest, chew, post chew rest, clench and post clench rest) of the masseter and temporalis muscle of class II malocclusion patient were assessed in 18 patients (3 males and 15 females) from the School of Dental Science, Hospital University Sains Malaysia. RESULTS: The results were compared by simple linear regression test to evaluate the association between overjet and muscle activity in different genders. Class II malocclusion patients with increased overjet group showed significant association with masseter muscle activity on chewing stage (P = 0.005, F = 6.081 and adj-R2 = 0.473). Left temporalis muscle in class II malocclusion showed a significant linear association (P = 0.014, F = 0.812 and adj-R2= −0.034) with gender during clench. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, class II malocclusion patient with increased overjet can affect masticatory muscle function and as well as clench force may differ in gender.