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1. Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17

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Wiens, Kirsten E, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Blacker, Brigette F, Johnson, Kimberly B, Baumann, Mathew M, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Sr, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abejie, Ayenew Negesse, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Acharya, Dilaram, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Sr, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Sr, Adhena, Beyene Meressa, Afarideh, Mohsen, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Anwar E, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Rushdia, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Noore, Sr, Alam, Samiah, Alamene, Genet Melak, Alanzi, Turki M, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almasi, Ali, Sr, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Sr, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Sr, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Sr, Anjomshoa, Mina, Anoushiravani, Amir, Sr, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Benny, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Arabloo, Jalal, Aref, Hany Mohamed Amin, Sr, Aremu, Olatunde, Armoon, Bahram, Arora, Amit, Sr, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Sr, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Marcel, Awoke, Nefsu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Sr, Aynalem IV, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azzopardi, Peter S, Babaee, Ebrahim, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Badawi, Alaa, Sr, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Bali, Ayele Geleto, Banach, Maciej, Sr, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Sr, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basaleem, Huda, Basu, Sanjay, Bay, Vo Dinh, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Estifanos, Bedi, Neeraj, Beheshti, Mahya Mahya Beheshti, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belayneh, Yaschilal Muche, Bell, Michellr L, Sr, Bennett, Derrick A, Sr, Berbada, Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Sr, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Sr, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Birihane IV, Binyam Minuye, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bojia I, Hunduma Amensisa Amensisa, Boufous, Soufiane, Brady, Oliver J, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Sr, Busse, Reinhard, Sr, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis LA Alberto, Sr, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Sr, Cano, Jorge, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Felix, Sr, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Sr, Castro, Franz, Chanie, Wagaye Fentahun, Sr, Chatterjee, Pranab, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chichiabellu, Tesfaye Yitna Yitna, Jr, Chin, Ken Lee, Sr, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cormier, Natalie Maria, Costa, Vera Marisa, Culquichicon, Carlos, Daba, Matiwos Soboka, Damiani, Giovanni, Sr, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Daryani, Ahmad, Sr, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis, Adrian C, Sr, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demissie, Dereje Bayissa, Demissie, Getu Debalkie, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Sr, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Sr, Deribe, Kebede, Sr, Desalew, Assefa, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon, Preeti, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Sr, Dipeolu, Isaac Oluwafemi, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duko, Bereket, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Sr, Effiong, Andem, Sr, Eftekhari, Aziz, El Nahas, Nevine, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, Elema I, Teshome Bekele, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Sr, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Elkout, Hajer, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Endalamaw, Aklilu, Endalew, Daniel Adane, Sr, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Esteghamati, Sadaf, Sr, Etemadi, Arash, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Fareed, Mohammad, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L, Sr, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Sr, Foroutan, Masoud, Franklin, Richard Charles, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gad, Mohamed M, Gayesa, Reta Tsegaye, Gebre, Teshome, Sr, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Sr, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Sr, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghimire, Pramesh Raj, Sr, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Sr, Gill, Tiffany K, Ginindza, Themba G G, Gomes, Nelson G M, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Grada, Ayman, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Sr, Guido, Davide, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guo, Yuming, Sr, Gupta, Rajeev, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Dessalegn H, Sr, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamidi, Samer, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan, Hamidreza, Sr, Hariyani, Ninuk, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Behnam, Hendrie, Delia, Sr, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hidru I, Hagos Degefa de, Hird, Thomas R, Hoang, Chi Linh, Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, Hoogar, Praveen, Hoseini, Mohammad, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Househ, Mowafa, Hsairi, Mohamed, Sr, Hu, Guoqing, Hussen, Mohammedaman Mama, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Igumbor, Ehimario U, Sr, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D, Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Izadi, Neda, Sr, Jaca, Anelisa, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalali, Amir, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S, Sr, Jonas, Jost B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Sr, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Hamed, Kanchan, Tanuj, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karch, André, Karim, Mohd Anisul, Karimi-Sari, Hamidreza, Karki, Surendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasahun, Yawukal chane, Kasaye, Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa, Gebrehiwot G, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kazemi Karyani, Ali, Kebede, Mihiretu M, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Abraham Getachew, Sr, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Sr, Ketema, Daniel Bekele, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Sr, Khan, Junaid, Khan I, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb, Khatab, Khaled, Sr, Khater, Amir M, Khater, Mona M, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khazaei, Mohammad, Khazaei, Salman, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Ali, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Sr, KMShivakumar, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah M, Sr, Kochhar, Sonali, Kolola, Tufa, Sr, Komaki, Hamidreza, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U G, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Sr, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumar, Vivek, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lad, Sheetal D, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lam, Felix, Lami, Faris Hasan, Sr, Lamichhane, Prabhat, Lansingh, Van Charles, Lasrado, Savita, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lee, Paul H, Sr, LeGrand, Kate E, Leili, Mostafa, Lenjebo, Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Sr, Levine, Aubrey J, Li, Shanshan, Sr, Linn, Shai, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Simin, Lodha, Rakesh, Longbottom, Joshua, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed, Mahadeshwara Prasad, D R, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Sr, Mahotra, Narayan B, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Sr, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Sr, Manafi, Navid, Sr, Manda, Ana Laura, Manohar, Narendar Dawani Dawanu, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Maravilla, Joemer C, Martinez, Gabriel, Sr, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mayala, Benjamin K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Sr, Mehta, Kala M, Mekonnen, Tefera C Chane, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Sr, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Sr, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, Sr, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Amjad, Mohammad, Dara K, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Sr, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodley, Yoshan, Sr, Moore, Catrin E, Sr, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi-Joo, Mohammad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morales, Linda, Moreno Velásquez, Ilais, Mosapour, Abbas, Mouodi, Simin, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor I, Miliva, Muchie, Kindie Fentahun, Sr, Mulaw, Getahun Fentaw, Sr, Munro, Sandra B, Muriithi, Moses K, Murray, Christopher J L, Murthy, GVS, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Sr, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Sr, Nabhan, Ashraf F, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Sr, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Sr, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Sr, Negoi, Ionut, Sr, Netsere, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Sr, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Sr, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nigatu, Dabere, Nigatu, Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nojomi, Marzieh, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Sr, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nouraei Motlagh, Soraya, Oancea, Bogdan, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Sr, Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V V, Sr, Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B, Sr, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Sr, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Paternina-Caicedo, Angel J, Sr, Pathak, Ashish, Sr, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Sr, Paulos, Kebreab, Sr, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Alexandre, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pescarini, Julia Moreira, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Sr, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Prada, Sergio I, Sr, Prasad, Narayan, Preotescu, Liliana, Quintana, Hedley, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, SHAFIUR, Rajati, Fatemeh, Sr, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Sr, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Sr, Rawal, Lal, Rawasia, Wasiq Faraz, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M N, Sr, Resnikoff, Serge, Sr, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezaei, Negar, Rezai, Mohammad sadegh, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Rickard, Jennifer, Sr, Rios-Blancas, Maria, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Sr, Ross, Jennifer M, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rubino, Salvatore, Saad, Anas M, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sr, Safari, Yahya, Safari-Faramani, Roya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Sr, Salamati, Payman, Salem, Hosni, Salem I, Marwa R Rashad, Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sr, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarkar, Kaushik, Sr, Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sarrafzadegan I, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Sr, Schwebel, David C, Sr, Senbeta IV, Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serván-Mori, Edson, Sr, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Sr, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Sr, Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharifi, Hamid, Shehata, Hatem Samir, Sr, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Sr, Shibuya, Kenji, Sr, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Sr, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Sr, Shirkoohi, Reza, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq Jamal, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sisay, Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Sobhiyeh, Mohammad Reza, Sr, Sokhan, Anton, Soltani, Shahin, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Sr, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sudaryanto, Agus, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sr, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sultana, Marufa, Sunguya, Bruno Fokas, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Jr, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tasew, Aberash Abay, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Sr, Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay I, Berhe Etsay, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile Haile, Tessema, Belay, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thomas, Nihal, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Sr, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Sr, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, Sr, Valdez, Pascual R, Varughese, Santosh, Sr, Violante, Francesco S, Sr, Vollmer, Sebastian, Sr, W/hawariat, Feleke Gebremeskel, Sr, Waheed, Yasir, Wallin, Mitchell Taylor, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weaver, Marcia, Weji, Bedilu Girma, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay, Welgan, Catherine A, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Sr, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Sr, Wolde, Haileab Fekadu, Sr, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Sr, Worku, Getasew Taddesse, Sr, Wu, Ai-Min, Xu, Gelin, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamada, Tomohide, Sr, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yeshaneh, Alex, Yilgwan, Christopher Sabo, Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu, Yip, Paul, Sr, Yisma, Engida, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Sr, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yousof, Hebat-Allah Salah A, Yu, Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zepro, Nejimu Biza, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Sr, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr

Published
2020
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4. HIV Positive Status Disclosure and Its Associated Factors Among Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in West Shoa Zone, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A Mixed Method Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Shallo,Seifadin Ahmed, Tassew,Mesfin, Shallo,Seifadin Ahmed, and Tassew,Mesfin

Abstract

Seifadin Ahmed Shallo,1 Mesfin Tassew2 1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Seifadin Ahmed ShalloDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, P.o.box-19, Ambo, EthiopiaTel +251 910768226Email seifadinahmed8226@gmail.comBackground: Evidence from previous studies supports the idea that informing children about their HIV status has long-term positive implications in HIV disease management, children’s quality of life, and ART drug adherence. However, in sub-Saharan African Countries, the HIV status disclosure among children ranges from 0% to 69.2%. So it is important to investigate the up to date evidence that will help in designing contextualized approaches for disclosure. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the HIV status disclosure and its associated factors among children on ART in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia.Materials and Methods: Institutional-based observational study was conducted from February to April 2019. Quantitative data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 247 HIV positive children on ART for the last six months, and the qualitative data were collected from caregivers and health care professionals.Results: The mean age of the children was 11.11±SD2.8, and 43.6%, (95% CI: 37, 50.9) of the children were fully disclosed. The average age at disclosure was 11±SD2.12. The main reasons for the disclosure were for drug adherence and better self-care while being underage was the commonest reason for non-disclosure. Compared to the age 10– 15 years, the child in the age 6– 9 was 97% [AOR: 0.027, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.22, P< 0.001] less likely to be disclosed. Female children were 2.7 times more likely to be disclosed compared with male children [AOR: 2.73, 95% CI

Published
2020

6. Factors Affecting Menstrual Hygiene Management Practice Among School Adolescents in Ambo, Western Ethiopia, 2018: A Cross-Sectional Mixed-Method Study.

Author

Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed, Willi, Wakeshi, and Abubeker, Abuzumeran

Subjects
HYGIENE, MULTIPLE regression analysis, CROSS-sectional method, LOGISTIC regression analysis, TEENAGERS
Abstract

Background: Menstruation is still regarded as something unclean in many parts of Ethiopia. Despite the challenges related to menstrual hygiene management, it has been routinely overlooked in the school setting. The existing evidence on menstrual hygiene management lacks objective measurement approaches. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess factors affecting menstrual hygiene management practice among school adolescents in Ambo, Western Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2018 with 364 high school females. A systematic random sampling and purposive sampling technique were used to select study participants. We used a self-administered questionnaire, observational checklists, and focus group discussion. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and thematic analysis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were done. With 95% CI, P< 0.05 was considered the level of significance. Results: The prevalence of unsafe menstrual hygiene management practice was 53.6%, and it was affected by factors including age of the females [AOR: 0.16 (0.045, 0.57), P=0.005], frequency of discussing menses [AOR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.71, P-value = 0.006], and source of information about menses [AOR: 3.75, 95% CI: 1.75, 8.00) P= 0.001]. Lack of information about how to manage menses safely and lack of sufficient WASH facility were also identified. Conclusion: High prevalence of unsafe menstrual hygiene management in the study area implies that urgent measures are needed from the concerned body. The school environments were not female friendly for managing their menses safely highlighting that the water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in the schools need urgent solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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7. Roles of Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Recent Fertility Decline in Ethiopia: Application of the Revised Bongaarts Model.

Author

Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed

Subjects
FERTILITY decline, FERTILITY, DEMOGRAPHIC surveys, POOR women
Abstract

Introduction: In Ethiopia, the fertility rate declined from 5.4 in 2005 to 4.6 by 2016. Many factors have been contributing to this decline. Understanding the factors contributing to the fertility decline and their level of fertility inhibiting effect has a paramount policy implication in any country. This study aimed to assess the contribution of the four proximate determinants of fertility, ie, contraception use, postpartum infecundity, marriage and abortion rate, to fertility decline in Ethiopia since 2005. Methods: This study used publicly available data from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) of 2005, 2011 and 2016. The EDHS data were the representative data collected from the reproductive-age women through a cross-sectional study. The revised and fine-tuned Bongaarts model of proximate fertility determinants was used for data analysis. The components needed for the analysis were extracted from the full EDHS data using the STAT compiler. Finally, the analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. Results: Of the four proximate determinants of fertility, postpartum insusceptibility contributed the highest fertility inhibiting effect in all three EDHS, and its level was also more prominent among the poorest women. While post partum infecundity, marriage and abortion had a relatively constant effect on fertility over the last 15 years, the fertility inhibiting effect of contraceptive use significantly increased from 15% to 37%. Conclusion: In conclusion, fertility variation in Ethiopia is largely due to the three intermediate determinants of fertility. Over the last one and half decades, contraceptive use was the single most important determinant responsible for fertility decline in Ethiopia. To achieve fertility at replacement level, the country needs a contraceptive prevalence rate of 69%, an increment of nearly 100% from its current contraceptive prevalence rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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8. Exposure to Sexually Explicit Materials and Its Association with Sexual Behaviors of Ambo University Undergraduate Students, 2018.

Author

Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed and Mengesha, Wakeshi Willi

Subjects
*HUMAN sexuality, *COLLEGE students, *UNDERGRADUATES, *SEXUAL consent, *RISK-taking behavior, *MULTIPLE regression analysis
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Among the number of reasons that expose the youth to reproductive health risks, lack of adequate information on sexual and reproductive health issues is of prior concern. Given the lack of readily available information about sexual activity to teens, they turn to media for information about sexual norms and may also use the media as a sexual super-peer that encourages them to be sexually active. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the association between exposure to sexually explicit materials and sexually risky behaviors among undergraduate students of Ambo University, Ethiopia. METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 university students in 2018. Study participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Self- administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Uni-variate, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were done. With 95% CI, the p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as the level of significance. RESULTS: About 55% and 52% of the university students were exposed to sexually explicit electronic materials throughout their life and in the last 12 months prior to data collection period respectively. Searching for sex information was the top reason for why university students resorted to watching sexually explicit materials. Sexually active students, senior students and male students were more likely to engage in watching sexually explicit electronic materials compared to their counterparts. CONCLUSION: A high numbers of university students were being exposed to sexually explicit electronic materials for the sake of searching about sexual and related information. This exposure has a significant association with risky sexual behaviors specifically. We highly recommend that university organize awareness creation forum on the area of sexual health, HIV/AIDS and STI, and related matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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