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Objectives:The incidences of dermatological diseases in the pediatric group differ from those in adults. Skin biopsies are frequently employed by dermatologists at differential diagnosis, and clinicopathological correlation is very important for definite diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological correlation in skin biopsies from child patients presenting to our dermatology clinic.Materials and Methods:Data of 116 patients aged 18 years or less who were subjected to skin biopsy and pathological examination were screened retrospectively. The results obtained were evaluated in terms of preliminary diagnosis and diagnosis correlation. The groups with and without clinicopathological correlation were subjected to statistical comparison in terms of age, sex, site of biopsy, type of biopsy, and number of preliminary diagnoses.Results:Sixty-three (54.3%) patients were boys and 53 (45.7%) were girls. The main dermatological diseases that were diagnosed were psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, urticaria, lichen planus, insect bite, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and morphea. Correlation between preliminary diagnoses and pathological diagnoses was present in 97 (83.6%) patients. Biopsy made no contribution to differential diagnosis in 11 (9.5%) patients, diagnoses other than preliminary diagnosis were made in six (5.2%) cases, and examination was not possible in two (1.7%) cases due to insufficient sample. No statistically significant difference was determined between the groups with and without clinicopathological correlation in terms of age, sex, site of biopsy, type of biopsy, or number of preliminary diagnoses (p>0.05).Conclusion:Similarly to dermatological diseases in adulthood, skin biopsy is an important diagnostic method that is also employed at differential diagnosis of dermatological diseases in childhood. We think that in order for this diagnostic method to be used more effectively, an accurate and detailed exchange of information is required between the clinician and pathologist, and that the two branches should evaluate the patient together.

Bu araştırmanın amacı enerji emtiaları arasında getiri ve volatilite yayılımı olup olmadığını incelemektir. Farklı makroekonomik gelişmeler neticesi varlık fiyatlarında meydana gelen getiri oynaklıkları emtialar arasında yayılım göstererek birbirlerinin getirilerini de etkileyebilmektedir. Enerji emtialarının fiyatlarını etkileyen unsurların ve aralarındaki yayılımın tespiti özellikle yatırım yapmak isteyenler ve enerji piyasası ile ilgilenenler açısından incelenmeye değer bulunmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında 01.01.2008-31.12.2020 tarihleri arasındaki Brent Petrol, Heating Oil, Natural Gas ve WTI ham petrol verileri VAR-EGARCH yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda enerji emtialarına ait getirilerin kısa dönemli etkileşim halinde olduğu bilgi şoklarının getiri ve volatilitede çoklu ve asimetrik olarak yayıldığı görülmüştür. Doğalgaz getiri serisinin diğer emtiaların fiyatlarından etkilendiği fakat kendisinin hiçbir enerji emtiasını etkilemediği ayrıca tespit edilmiştir. Volatilite yayılımında ise ısıtma yağından doğalgaz serilerine tek taraflı diğer emtialar arasında karşılıklı yayılım olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır., This study aims to examine whether there is a return and volatility spillover among energy commodities. As a result of different macroeconomic developments, return volatility in asset prices can spillover among commodities and affect each other's returns. The determination of the factors affecting the prices of energy commodities and the spillover among them is worth examining, especially for those who invest and are interested in the energy market. Within the scope of the study, the data regarding Brent Oil, Heating Oil, Natural Gas, and WTI between 01.01.2008-31.12.2020 are evaluated by VAR-EGARCH method. The results demonstrate that the information shocks, in which the returns of energy commodities interact in the short-term, spillover multidirectionally and asymmetrically in returns and volatility. It is determined that the natural gas return series is affected by the prices of other commodities, but it does not affect any energy commodities. As for the volatility spillover, there is unidirectional spillover from heating oil to natural gas series, but there is a multidirectional spillover among other commodities.

Background/Aim: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes serious clinical problems and carries high morbidity and mortality risks. Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is known as an anti-inflammatory immunomodulator and antioxidant. This study aimed to investigate the curative effects of GL on intestinal I/R injury in rats.Methods: Twenty-four Wistar-Albino male rats were randomly divided into three groups. After 30/90 minutes of I/R, intestinal and hepatic tissue examples were histologically examined. Biochemical analysis, serum, intestinal and hepatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured. Results: The I/R group had significantly elevated leukocyte, thrombocyte, serum, and intestinal and hepatic tissue MDA levels compared to the sham group (P < 0.05). Serum, intestinal tissue, and liver tissue SOD levels were significantly lower in the I/R group than in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, GSH-Px levels measured in serum and liver tissue were lower in the I/R group. However, the use of GL prevented these decreases due to I/R damage. Prior administration of GL considerably alleviated histopathologic changes due to I/R injury in the intestinal and liver tissue samples. Conclusions: Our experimental study showed that I/R injury led to significant oxidative stress by inducing free oxygen radicals in intestinal and hepatic tissues. Serum and tissue MDA, SOD, and GSH-Px levels were considerably useful laboratory parameters in identifying oxidative stress. The protective effects of GL on intestinal I/R injury were promising considering these parameters.

Amaç: Yaşa Bağlı Makula Dejeneresansı (YBMD) sonucu gelişen koroid neovaskülarizasyonlarının farklı tiplerinde, verteporfin kullanılarak yapılan fotodinamik tedavinin (FDT) sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı’nda YBMD'ye bağlı koroid neovaskülarizasyonlarında FDT uygulanmış 40 hastanın 42 gözü çalışma kapsamına alındı. Olguların tedavi öncesi ve sonrası görme keskinlikleri, kontrast duyarlılıkları ve floresein anjiografideki (FA) lezyon özellikleri kaydedildi. FDT uygulanmış hastaların 7. gün, 6. hafta, 12. hafta ve sonrasında ise bir sorun izlenmediği takdirde 1 yıl süre ile 3 ayda bir olan kontrolleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların 3 ay arayla çekilen FA görüntülerinde lezyonun sızdırma özelliklerine göre tedavinin başarısı değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 28 erkek, 12 kadın hastanın yaş ortalaması 64.50±12.00 yıldı. Lezyonların 18'i (%43) saf klasik, 4'ü (%9) minimal klasik, 15'i (%36) predominant klasik, 5'i ise okkült idi. Bu lezyonlardan 31'i (%74) subfoveal, 11'i (%26) ise juxtafoveal; 18'i (%43) iyi sınırlı, 28'i (%67) ise kötü sınırlıydı. Lezyon türleri açısından predominant klasik grupta başarı oranı daha yüksek bulundu, ancak bu fark anlamlı değildi (p=0.062). Subfoveal yerleşimli 31 gözden 30'unda başarı sağlanırken (%97), juxtafoveal yerleşimli 11 gözün 8'inde (%73) başarı sağlanmıştı (p=0.049). Tedavi öncesi lezyon çapı, görme keskinliği, kontrast duyarlılık ve uygulanan FDT sayısı açısından başarılı ve başarısız grup arasında anlamlı fark yoktu. Başarılı grupta son muayenede saptanan görme keskinliği düzeyi belirgin olarak yüksekti (p=0.015). Kontrast duyarlılıkta tedavi sonrasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzelme saptandı (p=0.028). Sonuç: FDT, YBMD'ye bağlı gelişen özellikle subfoveal koroid neovaskülarizasyonlarında görme kaybı r sk n azaltmaktadır. Ancak son yıllarda yaygın kullanılan vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü inhibitörlerinin başarılı sonuçları nedeniyle FDT'nin YBMD tedavisinde sınırlı bir kullanımı mevcuttur., Aim: To evaluate the results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using verteporfin in different types of choroidal neovascularization resulting from age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Materials and Methods: Forty-two eyes of 40 patients were included in the study. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and lesion characteristics in fluorescein angiography (FA) of the cases were recorded before and after PDT. The patients were evaluated at the 7th day, 6th week, 12th week, and afterwards, if no problem was observed, every 3 months in a year. We evaluated the success or failure rates of the treatment. Results: Mean age of the patients was 64.50±12.00 years. Eighteen of the lesions (43%) were pureclassical, 4 (9%) minimally-classical, 15 (36%) predominant-classical and 5 occult. Of these lesions, 31 (74%) were subfoveal and 11 (26%) juxtafoveal; 18 (43%) well-defined, and 28 (67%) poorly-defined. When examined in terms of lesion types, success rate was higher in predominant-classical group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.062). Success was achieved in 30 of 31 eyes with subfoveal lesions (97%) and in 8 of 11 (73%) eyes with juxtafoveal lesions (p=0.049). The visual acuity level determined at the last visit in the successful group was significantly higher than that of the unsuccessful group (p=0.015). Statistically significant improvement in contrast sensitivity was achieved after treatment (p=0.028). Conclusion: PDT reliably reduces the risk of visual loss in subfoveal choroidal neovascularization due to AMD. However, the use of PDT in the treatment of AMD is limited because of the higher success of recently used vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.

Lichen planus is an idiopathic inflammatory skin disease which affects the skin, mucosa, nails, and hairs of middle aged individuals. Linear lichen planus (LLP) is a rare variant of lichen planus characterized by pruritic, lichenoid appearance, violaceous-color papules in a linear pattern. About 0.24 to 0.62% of patients with lichen planus have been reported to have linear lichen planus. In cases with lichen planus, linear lesions can be post-traumatically seen as widespread generalized eruptions (Koebner phenomenon) and as zosteriforms on herpes infection as the Wolf's isotopic response. However, LLP indicates the presence of spontaneous LLP lesions which follow Blaschko's lines without any previous association with trauma or herpes infection. Herein, we present two cases with LLP and emphasize the rarity of these cases and the importance of linear lesions in the differential diagnosis.

Several viruses have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of oral cancers in the literature. However, this issue has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of possible precancerous viral markers (HPV, HHV8, HSV1, HSV2 and EBV) in the impacted teeth follicles. Material and Method 100 patient aged 18 years or older was included in the study. Following the tooth extraction, the dental follicle was removed and fixed in 10% formaldehyde. HPV (HPV 8, HPV 11 and HPV 18), p16 (HPV 16), HHV8, HSV1, HSV2 and EBV antibodies were used for histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. In addition, the immunohistochemical results were evaluated by Chi-square test in relation to clinicopathological information (age, sex and smoking status). Total of 55 men and 45 women were included in the survey. Results The age of the patients who participated in the study ranged between 17 and 56 (mean: 25). Histopathologically, inflammation, granulation tissue and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia were investigated. No dysplasia or neoplasm was found. Immunohistochemical staining showed p16% 62, EBV 32% and HSV-1 26% positivity. In all cases HPV, HSV2 and HHV-8 are immunonegative. It is the first study to show the presence of HPV 16, EBV and HSV1 in dental follicles. Conclusion We can claim that these viruses can act as reservoirs to show tropism in dental follicles. Although dysplasia or neoplastic changes were not detected in this study, viral effects (especially for HPV16 and EBV) may be seen as a threat leading to dysplasia and neoplasia in long term impacted wisdom teeth . As a result, for the possible viral oncogenesis and tumorigenesis, the impacted teeth should be removed and histopathologic examination of all follicles should be performed., Giriş:Literatürde çeşitli virüslerin ağız kanserlerinin patogenezinde rol aldığı önesürülmektedir. Ancak bu konu henüz tam olarak açıklanamamıştır. Bu çalışmanınamacı gömülü diş foliküllerinde olası prekanseröz viral markırların (HPV, HHV8,HSV1, HSV2, and EBV) varlığının araştırılmasıdır. Materyalve Metod: 18 yaşından büyük 100 gönüllü hasta araştırmayadahil edildi. Gömülü diş çekimi sonrasında diş folikülü çıkartılarak %10’lukformaldehit içinde fikse edildi. Histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasalaraştırma için HPV (HPV 8, HPV 11 ve HPV 18), p16 (HPV 16), HHV8, HSV1, HSV2,EBV antikorlar kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca immünohistokimyasal sonuçlarınklinikopatolojik veriler (yaş, cinsiyet ve sigara içme durumu) ile ilişkisiKi-Kare Testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. 55 erkek ve 45 kadın araştırmaya dahiledildi. Bulgular:Araştırmaya katılan hastaların yaşları 17-56 (ortalama:25) arasındadeğişmekteydi. Histopatolojik olarak inflamasyon, granülasyon dokusu vepsodöepitelyomatöz hiperplazi varlığı araştırıldı. Displazi veya neoplaziyerastlanmadı. İmmünohistokimyasal boyamada p16 %62 oranında, EBV %32 oranında veHSV-1 %26 oranında pozitiflik saptanmıştır. Tüm vakalarda HPV, HSV-2 ve HHV-8immünonegatiftir. Bu bilinen diş folikülünde HPV 16, EBV ve HSV1 varlığını gösteren ilk çalışmadır. Sonuç:Bu virüslerin gömülü diş foliküllerinde tropizmi göstermek için rezervuarolarak işlev gördüklerini ileri sürebiliriz. Herhangi bir displazi veya neoplastik değişim tespit edilmemesine karşınviral etkilerin (özellikle HPV16 ve EBV için) uzun süre gömülü kalan dişlerdedisplazi ve neoplazm için tehdit olarak kabul edilebilir. Sonuç olarakolası viral onkogenezi ve tümörgenezi önlemek için gömülü kalan dişlerin çekimiyapılmalı ve sonrasında tüm foliküllerin histopatolojik incelenmesiyapılmalıdır.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is claimed to be related with tumor development and progression of breast cancer with some conflicting results in the literature. The aims of the study are to investigate expression of IGF1R, and correlate with clinicopathological parameters to clarify the significance of IGF1R on breast cancer.IGF1R and Ki67 were applied immunohistochemically to the tissue microarray sections of 370 female breast cancer patients. The results were correlated with clinical, prognostic, histopathological features, and other immunohistochemical findings [ER, PR, HER2, CK5/6, and CK14] statistically.IGF1R overexpression showed direct correlation with Ki67 index (P=0.028), HER2 positivity (P=0.001), mitotic count (P=0.004), tumor grade (P=0.015), and geographic necrosis (P=0.023); and negative correlation with ER positivity (P=0.003). There was statistically significant difference between IGF1R expression and the molecular subtypes (P0.001), mostly HER2+ phenotype. IGF1R expression was found to be higher in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) than invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (P=0.036). Both IGF1R and Ki67 expression were negatively correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.020, P=0.023, respectively) and overall survival (OS) [P0.001, each] rates. The inverse association between IGF1R overexpression and OS rate was also supported by multivariate analyses (P=0.025).Overexpression of IGF1R was found to be directly correlated with shorter DFS and OS as well as some clinicopathological features associated with adverse prognosis such as higher Ki67 index, mitotic count, tumor grade, presence of geographic necrosis, HER2 positivity, ER negativity, HER2+ molecular subtype, histological tumor type of IDC rather than ILC. Thus, IGF1R might be considered as an useful target for comprehensive future anti-tumor therapy investigations. Additionally, using IGF1R as well as Ki67 as a part of routine pathology practice might be fruitful in breast cancer therapy and prediction of prognosis.Breast carcinoma, IGF1R, Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, Immunohistochemistry, Prognosis.Il recettore del fattore di crescita insulino-simile 1 (IGF1R) è un recettore della proteina tirosin chinasi che si afferma essere correlato allo sviluppo del tumore e alla progressione del cancro al seno con alcuni risultati contrastanti in letteratura. Gli obiettivi di questo studio sono di indagare l’espressione di IGF1R e correlare con i parametri clinicopatologici per chiarire il significato di IGF1R sul cancro al seno. MATERIALE E METODI: IGF1R e Ki67 sono stati applicati immunoistochimicamente alle sezioni di microarray di tessuto di 370 donne affette da cancro del seno. I risultati erano stati posti in correlazione statistica con le caratteristiche cliniche, prognostiche, istopatologiche e altri risultati immunoistochimici [ER, PR, HER2, CK5 / 6 e CK14]. RISULTATI: La sovraespressione di IGF1R ha mostrato una correlazione diretta con l’indice Ki67 (P = 0,028), la positività HER2 (P = 0,001), la conta mitotica (P = 0,004), il grado del tumore (P = 0,015) e la necrosi geografica (P = 0,023); e una correlazione negativa con positività ER (P = 0,003). C’era una differenza statisticamente significativa tra l’espressione di IGF1R e i sottotipi molecolari (P0,001), principalmente fenotipo HER2 +. L’espressione di IGF1R è risultata più elevata nel carcinoma duttale invasivo (IDC) rispetto al carcinoma lobulare invasivo (ILC) (P = 0,036). Sia l’espressione di IGF1R che di Ki67 erano correlate negativamente con i tassi di sopravvivenza libera da malattia (DFS) (P = 0,020, P = 0,023, rispettivamente) e di sopravvivenza globale (OS) [P0,001, ciascuno]. L’associazione inversa tra la sovraespressione di IGF1R e il tasso di OS è stata supportata anche da analisi multivariate (P = 0,025). Si conclude che la sovraespressione di IGF1R è stata trovata direttamente correlata a DFS e OS più brevi, nonché ad alcune caratteristiche clinico-patologiche associate a prognosi negativa come l’indice Ki67 più alto, conta mitotica, grado tumorale, presenza di necrosi geografica, positività HER2, negatività ER, HER2 + sottotipo molecolare, tipo di tumore istologico di IDC piuttosto che ILC. Pertanto, IGF1R potrebbe essere considerato un obiettivo utile per future indagini complete sulla terapia antitumorale. Inoltre, l’utilizzo di IGF1R e Ki67 come parte della pratica patologica di routine potrebbe essere fruttuoso nella terapia del cancro al seno e nella previsione della prognosi.

Lipomas are the most common benign tumors of mesenchyme. They are soft tissue neoplasm and mobile, well-encapsulated tumors. Lipomas are usually grow slowly and rarely reach a size of more than 2-3 cm. Lesions larger than 5 cm, called giant lipomas. They often appear after 40 years old but rarely can occur in childhood. A 12-year-old male patient had a mass showing rapid growth in the right gluteal region at 6 months. Mass was removed with total excision. Postoperative period was uneventful. In the pathology report, it was confirmed that the lipid tissue was composed of mature adipocytes.

Isletme cevresini olusturan bilgi kullanicilarinin saglikli kararlar alabilmesi ancak finansal tablolarin guvenilirligine baglidir. Guvenilirlik ise dogru olcum ve muhasebelestirmeyi gerektirir. Isletme aktiflerinin onemli bir kismini maddi duran varliklar olusturur. Maddi duran varliklar, isletmelerin bir yildan daha uzun surelerde faaliyetlerinde kullanmak amaciyla elinde bulundurdugu, kisa vadede nakde cevrilebilme ozelligi olmayan varliklaridir. Bu calismanin amaci maddi duran varliklari Tekduzen Muhasebe Sistemi ile Vergi Usul Kanunu ve TMS-16 Maddi Duran Varliklar Standardi cercevesinde inceleyip, ornek isletme uzerinde kayitlarla muhasebelestirmektir .

WOS: 000402475400003, PubMed ID: 28433069, In this study, female rats induced with chemical cystitis were administered the hormone human choriogonadotropin (HCG), and it was aimed to reveal the usefulness of HCG in the treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. The materials for this study were 32 Wistar albino female rats. The study groups were formed as follows: the cystitis group (Group 1), the cystitis + HCG protection group (Group 2), the cystitis + HCG treatment group (Group 3), and the control group (Group 4), with eight rats in each group. In this study, blood and urine samples were taken from the rats, they were euthanized, and their bladders were removed for glutathione, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma measurements. It was observed that tissue damage in Group 2 was lower than that in the other two groups. Glutathione levels in Groups 2 and 4 were significantly higher than in Groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.01). Malondialdehyde levels of Groups 2 and 4 were significantly lower than the values in Groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.001). When the cystitis groups were compared in terms of their interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, the lowest interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were detected in Group 3. It was found that HCG has positive effects on experimental cystitis in rats. This study revealed that HCG should be researched as a therapeutic agent and formed a step for studies to be carried out on this subject. Copyright (C) 2017, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC., Bozok University Scientific Research Project Department [2014TF/A136], This study was financially supported by Bozok University Scientific Research Project Department (2014TF/A136).

Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola, a rarely seen benign dermatosis, is characterized by a verrucous appearance of the nipple and the areola. Females constitute the majority of the cases, however, there are also rare reports of male cases. On clinical examination, hyperkeratotic and hyperpigmented plaques are located on the nipple and/or areola. No erythema or induration is observed on the affected skin. According to a widely adopted classification system, primary hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is divided into three groups as type 1 which is coincidentally associated with keratinization disorders such as ichthyosis and Darier’s disease; type 2 which is associated with hormonal factors or systemic diseases; and type 3 which is entirely considered an idiopathic form. Idiopathic form often affects female patients in the second or third decade of life and occurs spontaneously. Patients often present due to cosmetic reasons. The etiology of this condition has not been fully elucidated and, to date, various treatment methods have been attempted. Herein, we report two female cases (25-year-old and 14-year-old) of idiopathic hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola based on the clinical and histopathological examination.

WOS: 000382974300005 PubMed ID: 27284123 Objectives. The aims of this study are to evaluate expressions of Ki67, RacGAP1 (MgcRacGAP) and topoisomerase 2 alpha (TOP2a), the markers related with cell proliferation that have been proposed to affect the prognosis in the literature and correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer patients. Methods. Ki67, RacGAP1, and TOP2a antibodies were applied immunohistochemically to the tissue micrarray blocks of 457 female breast cancer patients. The results were correlated with clinical, prognostic, histopathological features, and other immunohistochemical findings (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], HER2, cytokeratin [CK]5/6, CK14, epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] and vimentin), statistically. Results. Ki67 expression demonstrated direct correlation with TOP2a expression, mitotic count, tumor grade, geographic necrosis, basal-like phenotype. RacGAP1 expression was directly correlated with TOP2a expression, nipple invasion, and number of metastatic lymph nodes, and it was inversely correlated with PR expression. TOP2a expression was directly correlated with vimentin and Ki67 expressions, mitotic count, tumor grade, and geographic necrosis, and nipple invasion, and negatively correlated with ER and PR expressions. Higher TOP2a and Ki67 expressions were correlated with shorter overall survival. Higher TOP2a expression and RacGAP1 positivity were directly correlated with shorter disease-free survival. Conclusion. This study showed that the overexpressions of Ki67, RacGAP1, and TOP2a affect the prognosis adversely, thus to develop target therapies against RacGAP1 and TOP2a as well as using Ki67 as a part of routine pathology practice might be beneficial in breast cancer therapy and prediction of prognosis. Bozok University Scientific Research Projects Unit [2014TF/A92] The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was supported financially by Bozok University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Project No. 2014TF/A92).

The objective of this study was to compare the results of transthoracic biopsies performed through the use of FDG PET/CT imaging with the results of transthoracic needle biopsy performed without using the FDG PET/CT imaging.The medical files of a total of 58 patients with pulmonary and mediastinal masses. A total of 20 patients, who were suspected of malignancy with the SUVmax value of over 2.5 in FDG PET/CT, underwent a biopsy process. Twelve patients with no suspicion of malignancy in accordance with CT images and with the SUVmax value below 2.5 underwent no biopsy procedure, and hence, they were excluded from the study. On the other hand, 26 patients directly went through a biopsy process with the suspicion of malignancy according to CT imaging, regardless of performing any FDG PET/CT imaging.According to the biopsy results, the number of the patients diagnosed with cancer was 20 (43.5%), while the number of non-cancerous patients was 26 (56.5%). When these findings were considered, it was determined that the sensitivity of the whole TTNB (transthoracic needle biopsy) was 80.8%, and the specificity was found as 100%. The positive predictive value of the whole TTNB was 100%, while its negative predictive value was found to be 80%. The sensitivity in TTNB performed together with FDG PET/CT was 90.9%, whereas the specificity was 100%. The positive predictive value of TTNB with FDG PET/CT was 100%, while its negative predictive value was found to be 81.8%. The sensitivity in TTNB performed without the use of FDG PET/CT was 73.3%, whereas the specificity was determined as 100%.Performing FDG PET/CT imaging process prior to a transthoracic biopsy as well as preferring FDG PET/CT for the spot on which the biopsy will be performed during the transthoracic biopsy procedure increases the rate of receiving accurate diagnosis.

DOI: 10.4328/JCAM.3881 Received: 15.09.2015 Accepted: 19.10.2015 Publihed Online: 20.10.2015 Corresponding Author: Emine Colgecen, Department of Dermatology, Bozok University Medical Faculty, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey. T.: +90 3542127060 F.: +90 3542177150 E-Mail: drecolgecen@hotmail.com Ozet Darier hastaligi (Darier-White hastaligi, keratozis follikularis), ozellikle seboreik bolgeleri tutan, keratinizasyon bozuklugu ile karakterize, otozomal dominant gecisli, nadir gozlenen bir hastaliktir. Bu makalede, klinik ve histopatolojik bulgular ile Darier’s disease tanisi konulan 47 ve 28 yaslarinda ki anne ve kiz iki kadin hasta, bu hastaligin nadir gorulmesi nedeniyle sunulmustur.

Tuberosclerosiscomplex is a genetic disorder that canaffect several organs (such as the brain, lungs kidneys, eyes, the heart, bonesand the skin). Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a disease that is mostlyseen among young adult women. It is characterized primarily by thenon-neoplastic atypical proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the lungparenchyma. Here, we present a case of lymphangioleiomyomatosis-associatedspontaneous hemopneumothorax in a tuberosclerosis patient, which we did notencounter in the literature., Tuberosklerozis kompleksi, beyin, akciğer, böbrek,göz, kalp, kemik ve deri gibi organları etkileyebilen genetik bir hastalıktır. Pulmonerlenfanjiyoleiyomiyomatozis daha çok genç erişkin bayanlarda görülen birhastalıktır. Akciğer parankimindeki düz kas hücrelerinin neoplastik olmayanatipik proliferasyonu ile karakterizedir. Biz burada literatürdekarşılaşmadığımız tuberosklerozis hastasında lenfanjiyoleiyomiyomatozise bağlıspontan hemopnömotoraks olgusunu sunuyoruz.

Mal de Meleda, also known as keratoderma palmoplantaris transgrediens, is a rare type of autosomal recessive palmoplantar keratoderma. A 19-year-old male presented with a congenital yellowish discoloration and thickening of both palms and soles of the feet. His family history revealed that there was no consanguinity between the mother and the father and that the patient had three healthy brothers. The second- and third-degree relatives, five females and one male, also exhibited similar skin findings. From the isolated DNA samples, the extrinsic regions of the SLURP1 gene were screened using the sequence analysis and the Sanger sequencing was performed with the 3130 Sequence Analyzer. Results of this analysis show that a p.Arg 96 Pro (R96P) (c.287 CGA>CCA) homozygous missense point mutation was detected on the SLURP 1 (a secreted toxin-like mammalian lymphocyte antigen 6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related protein 1) gene of the patients, while heterozygous p.Arg 96 Pro (R96P) (c.287 CGA>CCA) mutation was detected in the mother, father, and brothers. Our search of the Human Genome Mutation Database and previous literature revealed no reports of this mutation in mal de Meleda. We report this case due to the identification of a novel gene mutation in a patient with mal de Meleda, a palmoplantar keratoderma.

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL), first described in 1984, is an Epstein-Barr virus lesion located laterally in the tongue and manifesting as a white, asymptomatic mucosal plaque which cannot be removed by scraping. OHL is more commonly observed in HIV-positive patients, in immunosuppressed patients after kidney, heart, liver and bone marrow transplantation, in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma, and in patients undergoing systemic or topical steroid therapy. OHL has rarely been reported in healthy patients who are not immunosuppressive. The case of an otherwise healthy, HIV-negative 24 year-old woman with OHL lesions in the buccal mucosa is presented here because of its rarity., İlk olarak 1984'te tanımlanan oral kıllı lökoplaki (OKL), sıklıkla dil lateralde yerleşen kazımakla çıkarılamayan beyaz renkli, asemptomatik mukozal plak olarak kendini gösteren bir Epstein-Barr virüsü lezyonudur. OKL daha çok HIV pozitif hastalarda bulunurken, böbrek, kalp, karaciğer ve kemik iliği transplantasyonu sonrası immünsüpresif hastalarda, multipl miyelom gibi hematolojik malignitelerde ve sistemik veya topikal steroid tedavisi altındaki hastalarda da tanımlanmıştır. Literatürde OKL, nadiren immünsüpresif olmayan sağlıklı hastalarda da bildirilmiştir. Burada, 24 yaşında diğer açılardan sağlıklı, HIV negatif, bukkal mukozada OKL lezyonu olan kadın hasta nadir görülmesi nedeniyle sunulmaktadır.

Partial unilateral lentiginosis is an unusual pigmentary disorder characterized by numerous lentigines grouped within an area of normal skin. Pigmented macules are usually localized in one half of the body. Associations with café-au-lait spots, cutis marmorata, acanthosis nigricans, nevus depigmentosus, vitiligo, blue nevus, segmental neurofibromatosis, central nervous system diseases, celiac disease, and sickle cell anemia have been reported. We describe a 17-year-old male patient with a partial unilateral lentiginous lesion on the left side of the body and left upper back and incidental polyp in the descending colon.

İşletme çevresinioluşturan bilgi kullanıcılarının sağlıklı kararlar alabilmesi ancak finansaltabloların güvenilirliğine bağlıdır. Güvenilirlik ise doğru ölçüm vemuhasebeleştirmeyi gerektirir. İşletme aktiflerinin önemli bir kısmını maddiduran varlıklar oluşturur. Maddi duran varlıklar, işletmelerin bir yıldan dahauzun sürelerde faaliyetlerinde kullanmak amacıyla elinde bulundurduğu, kısavadede nakde çevrilebilme özelliği olmayan varlıklarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı maddiduran varlıkları Tekdüzen Muhasebe Sistemi ile Vergi Usul Kanunu ve TMS-16 MaddiDuran Varlıklar Standardı çerçevesinde inceleyip, örnek işletme üzerindekayıtlarla muhasebeleştirmektir.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate angiogenesis-related parameters including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p300 expression, and microvessel density (MVD) in plasma cell myeloma (PCM). Material and Method: p300, VEGF, and Factor related antigen (for measurement of MVD) were applied to the para n-embedded bone marrow sections of 45 patients with PCM, immunohistochemically. Histomorphologic factors, clinical and laboratory findings, and overall survival (OS) were correlated with p300 and VEGF expression, and MVD. Results: VEGF overexpression (>= 50) was significantly associated with diffuse infiltration pattern and high percentage of plasma cell infiltration (p=0.014, p=0.002, respectively). Higher MVD was directly correlated with diffuse infiltration pattern and increased CRP levels (p=0.026, p=0.015, respectively). No significant difference was noted in percentage of survivors and OS with respect to p300, VEGF, and MVD. No significant correlation was noted between p300 expression, VEGF expression, and MVD. Discussion: Our findings revealed significant association of bone marrow infiltration pattern and quantity of neoplastic cells with MVD and VEGF expression. Although no association of p300 was shown with histomorphologic prognostic parameters, MVD, VEGF expression, or OS, this is the first study investigating the potential prognostic role of p300 expression in PCM, to the best of our knowledge. In conclusion, more-comprehensive studies are needed to further elucidate the interaction between angiogenesis and myeloma cells as well as the prognostic role of increased bone marrow angiogenesis in PCM.

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common germ cell tumor of the ovary that generally occurs during reproductive period. Although mature cystic teratoma is a benign tumor, rarely (1-2%) it may show malignant transformation and it is usually observed in older ages. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant transformation (70-80%). Mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation may show dissemination by peritoneal seeding or local invasion to the adjacent organs and presents with clinical symptoms of the affected organs. Herein, we report a case of a squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma fistulised to sigmoid colon in a 82-year-old patient.

We are grateful to the participating families. This study was partially supported by NIH R01DC009645 and the John T. and Winifred M. Hayward Foundation to M. T., Background: 3MC1 syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intellectual disability, short stature and distinct craniofacial, umbilical, and sacral anomalies. Five mutations in MASP1, encoding lectin complement pathway enzymes MASP-1 and MASP-3, have thus far been reported to cause 3MC1 syndrome. Only one previously reported mutation affects both MASP-1 and MASP-3, while the other mutations affect only MASP-3. Methods: We evaluated six unrelated individuals with 3MC1 syndrome and performed Sanger sequencing for all coding exons of MASP1. We also measured complement lectin and alternative pathway activities in an affected individual's serum. Results: We found two novel splice site mutations, c.1012-2A > G in one and c.891 + 1G > T in two probands, and three novel missense mutations, c.1451G > A (p.G484E), c.1657G > A (p.D553N), and c.1987G > T (p.D663Y). Missense mutations affect only MASP-3, while splice site mutations affect both MASP-1 and MASP-3. In a proband who is homozygous for c.891 + 1G > T, we detected a total lack of lectin complement pathway activity and a 2.5-fold lower alternative pathway activity. The phenotype observed in patients whose both MASP-1 and MASP-3 are affected and in those whose only MASP-3 is affected does not appear to be different. We observed structural brain abnormalities, neonatal tooth, a vascular anomaly and a solid lesion in liver as novel phenotypic features of 3MC1 syndrome. Conclusion: Novel mutations and additional phenotypic features expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of 3MC1 syndrome. Although patients with MASP-1 dysfunction in addition to disrupted MASP-3 have an altered complement system, their disease phenotype is not different from those having only MASP-3 dysfunction., NIH [R01DC009645]; John T. and Winifred M. Hayward Foundation

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) hastalığı birden fazla sistemi ilgilendiren selim veya habis tümörlerle karakterize ailesel kanser sendromudur. Retinal hemanjiyoblastomlar genellikle hastalığın ilk bulgusu olup görme kaybına neden olabilmektedirler. Otuz iki yaşında erkek hasta sol gözünde 2 aydır olan görme kaybı nedeniyle kliniğimize başvurdu. Hastanın serebral hemanjiyoblastom nedeniyle daha önce opere olduğu, soygeçmişinde annesinin bir gözünde ileri görme kaybı bulunduğu ve böbrek kanseri nedeniyle kaybedildiği öğrenildi. Olgunun oftalmolojik muayenesinde her iki gözde çok sayıda retinal hemanjiyoblastomlar görüldü. Hastaya VHL gen dizi analizi yapıldı ve heterozigot p.R161X mutasyonu saptandı. Hastanın kız kardeşinde ve kızında da aynı mutasyon belirlendi. Hasta ve etkilenmiş aile bireyleri için izlem ve tedavi planı düzenlendi. Retinal hemanjiyoblastomların ayırıcı tanısında VHL hastalığının düşünülmesi bu hastalarda görülen hayatı tehdit eden tümörlerin erken saptanmasında önemli bir yere sahiptir., Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a familial cancer syndrome characterized by benign or malignant tumors which may involve more than one system. Retinal hemangioblastomas are usually the initial manifestation of VHL disease and can cause vision loss. A 32-year- old man presented to our clinic with vision loss in the left eye for 2 months. He had a history of cerebral hemangioblastoma operation. Family history showed that his mother had unilateral vision loss and died because of renal cell carcinoma. Ophthalmologic examination revealed multiple retinal hemangioblastomas in both eyes. VHL gene sequencing was performed and heterozygous p.R161X mutation was detected. His sister and daughter were also found to have the same variant. A treatment and follow-up plan was initiated for the patient and affected family members. Considering VHL disease in the differential diagnosis of retinal hemangioblastomas has a very important role in the early detection of life-threatening tumors in these patients.

Erdogan, Kivilcim Eren/0000-0002-4951-8703; kilic bagir, Emine/0000-0002-1447-1060; Celik, Betul/0000-0001-9731-9939; Tatli Dogan, Hayriye/0000-0003-4318-2775; Cakir, Asli/0000-0003-0128-6947 WOS: 000414649400006 PubMed: 28272675 Objective: There is no other screening program close to the success rate of PAP test. Cervical cytology constitutes a large workload so that quality control in cervical cytology is important for the quality assurance of pathology laboratories. Material and Method: In this study, we collected the cervical cytology results from all over Turkey and discussed the parameters influencing the quality of the PAP test. The study was conducted with Turkish gynaecopathology working group and 38 centers (totally 45 hospitals) agreed to contribute from 24 different cities. The study was designed to cover the cervical cytology results during 2013. The results were evaluated from the data based on an online questionnaire. Results: The total number of Epithelial Cell Abnormality was 18,020 and the global Epithelial Cell Abnormality rate was 5.08% in the total 354,725 smears and ranging between 0.3% to 16.64% among centers. The Atypical squamous cells/Squamous intraepithelial lesion ratios changed within the range of 0.21-13.94 with an average of 2.61. When the centers were asked whether they performed quality assurance studies, only 14 out of 28 centers, which shared the information, had such a control study and some quality parameters were better in these centers. Conclusion: There is an increase in the global Epithelial Cell Abnormality rate and there are great differences among centers. Quality control studies including the Atypical squamous cells/Squamous intraepithelial lesion ratio are important. Corrective and preventive action according to quality control parameters is a must. A cervical cytology subspecialist in every center can be utopic but a dedicated pathologist in the center is certainly needed.

Gurel G, Sahin S, Colgecen E. A case of aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma with involvement of periungual area of the hand. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 762-764. Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma (ASA) is a rare form of palmoplantar keratoderma occurring after short-term contact with water. Although ASA usually involves the palmar region, there are also several cases with the involvement of dorsum of hand and sole of the feet. We described 15-year old girl who had white keratodermic plaques observed on the flexor side of distal phalanxes especially the periungual area after a 10 min contact with water. Our patient represents a rare case of ASA with the involvement of periungual region of the fingers.

Introduction. Operations are performed for broader liver surgery indications for a better understanding of hepatic anatomy/physiology and developments in operation technology. Surgery can cure some patients with liver metastasis of some tumors. Nevertheless, postoperative liver failure is the most feared complication causing mortality in patients who have undergone excision of a large liver mass. The human amniotic membrane has regenerative effects. Thus, we investigated the effects of the human amniotic membrane on regeneration of the resected liver. Methods. Twenty female Wistar albino rats were divided into control and experimental groups and underwent a 70% hepatectomy. The human amniotic membrane was placed over the residual liver in the experimental group. Relative liver weight, histopathological features, and biochemical parameters were assessed on postoperative day 3. Results. Total protein and albumin levels were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. No difference in relative liver weight was observed between the groups. Hepatocyte mitotic count was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Hepatic steatosis was detected in the experimental group. Conclusion. Applying the amniotic membrane to residual liver adversely affected liver regeneration. However, mesenchymal stem cell research has the potential to accelerate liver regeneration investigations.

Bu çalışmada Isparta ilinde bulunan muhasebe meslek mensuplarının meslek etiği hakkındaki görüşlerini, meslek etiği ilkelerine uymalarında veya etik dışı davranışlarda bulunmalarında etkili olan nedenleri ve meslek etiği ile ilgili düzenlemeleri algılama düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik ankete dayalı bir araştırma yapılmış ve sonuçları yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan Isparta Serbest Muhasebeci ve Mali Müşavirler Odasına kayıtlı 115 meslek mensubunun muhasebe mesleğinin etiksel boyutu ile ilgili çeşitli görüşleri alınmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca meslek üyelerinin etikle ilgili yargılarında unvana ve unvan gruplarına göre farklılaşma olup olmadığı analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde ve değerlendirilmesinde, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada meslek etiği düzenlemelerine ve uygulamalarına katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır, In this study it is strived to be discovered the views related to profession ethics, reasons behind acting by ethics or behaving non-ethical of those employed accountants working in the city of Isparta and results for the survey-based research on how the regulations for the accounting professional ethics were perceived by accountant members has been included. The sample of the study is 115 accountants employed. Isparta Chamber of Public Accountants and Financial Advisors registered accountants and financial consultants in the accounting profession’s ethical dimension have been various opinions. In this study it is determined the effect of the title and title groups on the ethical judgments. The data got from the survey results of accountants, it is chosen to apply the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests to analyze and evaluate the data. In this study, it was aimed to contribute to the arrangements of the ethics of the profession and to their applications

Intussusception in adults is considered an unusual condition accounting for 5% of all cases of intussusceptions and almost 1%-5% of all cases of bowel obstruction. We present two cases of patients with a complaint of abdominal discomfort and concomitant vomiting who are 43 and 44 years old. Ileocecal intussusception was diagnosed by computed tomography. One patient underwent open whereas the other underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy and ileotransversostomy. A histopathological study revealed lipoma in the first case and adenocarcinoma in the second. We described the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal intussusception in adults.

Amac: Bu calismada Bozok Universitesi Tip Fakultesi’nde degerlendirilen servikal smear sonuclarinin istatistiksel analizini ve verilerin literatur ile korelasyonunu yapmak amaclanmistir. Gerec ve Yontemler: Bozok Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Tibbi Patoloji Anabilim Dali’nda Eylul 2012- Eylul 2013 tarihleri arasinda degerlendirilen 2279 olguya ait servikal smear sonuclari Bethesda 2001’e gore retrospektif olarak incelenmistir. Bulgular: 2272 olgunun smear testi intraepitelyal lezyon veya malignite (ILM) negatif, 7’si ILM pozitif seklinde raporlanmistir. ILM pozitif olgulardan 4’u onemi belirsiz atipik skuamoz hucreler (ASC-US), biri dusuk grade’li skuamoz intraepitelyal lezyon (LSIL), biri yuksek grade’li skuamoz intraepitelyal lezyon (HSIL), biri atipik glanduler hucreler (AGC) olarak raporlanmistir. ASC-US tanisi alan olgulardan biri servikal biyopside LSIL, digeri kronik servisit tanisi almistir. Smear testi AGC olarak raporlanan olgunun serviks biyopsisinde HSIL saptanmistir. Sonuc: Smear testinin guvenilirligini gosteren bazi kalite kontrol parametreleri kullanilmaktadir. Servikal biyopsi verifikasyonu en guvenilir parametredir. Ayrica ASC-US tanisi oraninin %5’den az, ASC-US/SIL oraninin 2-3 arasinda tutulmasi onerilmektedir. Bizim serimizde ASC-US orani %0.01, ASC-US/SIL orani ise 2 olup literatur ile uyumludur.

The interaction between multiple myeloma (MM) cells and the bone marrow stroma constitutes the basis of myeloma pathogenesis and has led the way for the corresponding therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to evaluate tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) which is an important element of bone marrow stroma and its prognostic relevance in newly diagnosed MM patients. We also wanted to determine the association between TAMs and microvessel density (MVD). Sixty-eight patients, who were diagnosed with MM at the Department of Hematology, Gazi University Hospital, between January 2000 and January 2011, were reviewed retrospectively. Tumor-associated macrophages were evaluated by staining with anti-CD68 and anti-CD163 monoclonal antibodies, and MVD was evaluated by factor VIII staining. Median age was 60 (range, 40-84) years with 36 males and 32 females. The number of both CD 68+ and CD 163+ cells had a negative impact on OS at 6 years (p = 0.013 vs. 0.036; p = 0.015 vs. 0.039) in univariate and multivariate analysis in which age, sex, ISS, the induction treatment, and response to induction treatment are included as variables. High-grade MVD was found to be associated with increased CD163+ cell count. In conclusion, TAMs seems to be a promising prognostic histopathological marker in newly diagnosed MM patients.

Amaç : İntrauterin büyüme geriliği (İUBG) olan çocukların göz muayene bulgularını saptamayı ve normal doğum ağırlığı ve normal doğum haftasına sahip çocuklar ile karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem : Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Çocuk Hastalıkları polikliniğinde takip edilen İUBG tanısı konmuş 47 çocuk çalışmaya dahil edildi. Aynı polikliniğe başvuran ve normal doğum ağırlığı ve haftasına sahip olan olgulardan 31 çocuk kontrol grubu olarak seçildi. Çocukların doğum kiloları ve doğum haftaları not edildi. Ek sistemik hastalık yönünden sorgulandılar. Çocukların en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği düzeyleri. sikloplejili refraksiyon değerleri. keratometri değerleri. aksiyel uzunlukları ve binoküler görme düzeyleri değerlendirildi. Bütün hastaların biomikroskobik bakıları. gözdibi bakıları ve şaşılık muayeneleri yapıldı. Sonuçlar : İUBG grubundaki çocukların yaş ortalaması 10.24 ± 2.78 yıl (7-15 yıl) idi. İUBG grubunda ortalama doğum haftası 38.28 ± 0.58 (38-41 hafta) idi. En iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinlikleri. sikloplejik refraksiyon. keratometri. aksiyel uzunluk ve binoküler görme keskinlik değerleri açısından iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Her iki grubun biomikroskobik bakı ve gözdibi bakısı normal idi. İUBG grubunda 5 hastada ekzoforya ve 1 hastada ekzoforya ile birlikte küçük açılı vertikal kayma saptandı. Kontrol grubundaki 4 hastada ekzoforya vardı. Tartışma : Elde edilen bulgulara göre intrauterin büyüme geriliği olan çocukların göz muayene bulguları normal doğum ağırlığı ve haftasına sahip çocuklardan farklılık göstermemektedir., Purpose : We aimed to determine the ophthalmologic findings of the small for gestational age (SGA) children and to compare with appropiate for gestational age (AGA) children. Methods : We enrolled 47 SGA children who have been followed up at Ege University School of Medicine Pediatrics Department. Among the appropiate for gestational age children who have been followed up at the same department 31 age-matched subjects were selected as the control group. Birth weight and week of the children are noted. Associated systemic pathologies are also questioned. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmologic examination. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). cycloplegic refraction. kerathometry. axial length and binocular visual acuity values are noted. Results : Mean age of the study group was 10.24±2.78 years (range 7 and 15 years). Mean birth week of the study group was 28±0.58 weeks (range 38 and 41 weeks). There was not any statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding BCVA. cycloplegic refraction. keratometry. axial length and binocular visual acuity values. Anterior segment and fundus examinations were normal in both groups. There were 5 exophoric and 1 combined exophoric and hypertrophic children in the study group; in the control group there were 4 exophoric children. Conclusion : Our data revealed that SGA children are not associated with an increased rate of ocular and visual pathologies.

Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic eczematoid photodermatosis expressed more frequently in middle aged or older males. A variety of etiologies such as photoallergic, phototoxic, immunologic and metabolic factors have been postulated in CAD. It is initiated and clinically triggered with exposure to sunlight and artificial radiation. At the present time, photosensitive eczema (mild form), photosensitive dermatitis, persistent light reaction and actinic reticuloid (severe form) have been collected under the title of CAD. The basic components of this disease are a persistent, chronic, eczematous eruption in the absence of exposure to known photosensitizers; photosensitivity to UVA, and/or UVB, and/or visible light; and histology consistent with a chronic dermatitis with or without features of lymphoma. In this report, we presented a case with CAD due to its rarity.

7ŶİĞůĞŶĞŶ ƚƺŵ ŐƌƵƉ ŝĕŝŶĚĞ ŬĂĚŦŶ ŚĂƐƚĂ ƐĂLJŦƐŦ ϲϮ ;й ϴϮ͕ϳͿ ǀĞ ĞƌŬĞŬ ŚĂƐƚĂ ƐĂLJŦƐŦ ϭϯ ;йϭϳ͕ϯͿ ŽůĂƌĂŬ ďƵůƵŶŵƵƔͲ ƚƵƌ͘ ,ĂƐƚĂůĂƌŦŶ ƚĂŶŦ LJĂƔůĂƌŦ ϭϲͲϳϵ LJĂƔ ĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂ ĚĂŒŦůŦŵ ŐƂƐƚĞƌŵĞŬƚĞĚŝƌ͘ KƌƚĂůĂŵĂ ƚĂŶŦ LJĂƔŦ ϰϲ͕ϱцϭϯ͕ϵ ŽůƵƉ ŬĂͲ ĚŦŶ ŚĂƐƚĂůĂƌĚĂ ϰϱ͕Ϯцϭϯ͕Ϯ͖ ĞƌŬĞŬ ŚĂƐƚĂůĂƌĚĂ ϰϵ͕ϱцϱ͕ϭ ŽůĂƌĂŬ ƚĞƐƉŝƚ ĞĚŝůŵŝƔƟƌ͘ ŝĨĞƌĂŶƐŝLJĞ ƟƌŽŝĚ ŬĂŶƐĞƌŝ ƚĂŶŦƐŦ ĂůĂŶ ŚĂƐƚĂůĂƌ ƚƺŵƂƌ ƟƉůĞƌŝŶĞ ŐƂƌĞ ŐƌƵƉůĂŶĚŦƌŦůĚŦŒŦŶĚĂ ƚĂŶŦ LJĂƔŦ ĂĕŦƐŦŶĚĂŶ ŝƐƚĂƟƐƟŬƐĞů ŽůĂƌĂŬ ĂŶůĂŵůŦ ĨĂƌŬ ďƵůƵͲ ŶĂŵĂŵŦƔƨƌ ;ƉсϬ͕ϲϵϮͿ͘ ,ĂƐƚĂůĂƌŦŶ LJĂƔ ŐƌƵƉůĂƌŦŶĂ ǀĞ İŝŶͲ ƐŝLJĞƚůĞƌŝŶĞ ŐƂƌĞ ĚĂŒŦůŦŵŦ dĂďůŽ ϭ͛ĚĞ ŐƂƌƺůŵĞŬƚĞĚŝƌ͘, Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yozgat bölgesindeki diferansiye tiroid karsinomlu (DTK) hastaların demografik ve klinik özelliklerini tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2011-2014 yılları arasında Bozok Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi’nde DTK tanısıyla takip edilen 62’si kadın, 13’ü erkek toplam 75 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların histopatolojik ve klinik özellikleri yaş, cinsiyet, tümör tipi ve metastaz açısından birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 46.3±13.9 olup 16-79 yaş arasında dağılım göstermekteydi. Diferansiye tiroid karsinomunda kadın/erkek oranı 4,8/1 olarak bulundu. Ortalama tanı yaşı kadın hastalarda 45,2±14,2 iken erkek hastalarda 49.5±5.1 idi. Tümör tipleri içinde % 78,7 ile en yaygın papiller karsinom, ikinci sıklıkta % 13,3 ile papiller karsinom foliküler varyant, üçüncü sıklıkta % 5,3 ile folliküler karsinom tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte uzak metastaz oranı folliküler karsinomda daha fazlaydı. Sonuç: Tüm DTK’lu hastalar içinde en yaygın görüleni papiller karsinomdu. Kadın hasta sayısı erkek hasta sayısından tüm kanser tiplerinde daha yüksekti. Papiller veya folliküler tiroid karsinomu ile tanı yaşı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Uzak metastaz oranı folliküler karsinomda papiller karsinoma göre daha yüksek bulundu.

Vaginal polyps are uncommon and consist of a heterogeneous group of lesions. Most of vaginal polypoid lesions are fibroepithelial polyps. However, a variety of lesions (leiomyoma, superficial myofibroblastoma of the lower female genital tract, rhabdomyoma, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma etc.) may present macroscopically as a polypoid mass. Tubulo-squamous polyp of the vagina is a rare benign lesion that has been described recently. Histologically, it is characterized by both epithelial and mesenchymal component, consisting of squamous nests and tubules, embedded in a fibrous stroma. Focal immunoreactivity for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and/or prostatic acid phosphatase (PSAP) may be observed in some lesions, supporting the possibility that it originates from paraurethral Skene’s glands. Herein, we report a 60-year-old female with a tubulo-squamous polyp of the vagina. A brief review of the literature on this novel entity is also provided.