Search

Your search keyword '"Serge Ravel"' showing total 4 results
Start Over Author "Serge Ravel" Search Limiters Available in Library Collection
4 results on '"Serge Ravel"'

1. Fluidised Bed Gasification of Diverse Biomass Feedstocks and Blends—An Overall Performance Study

Author

Sylvie Valin, Serge Ravel, Philippe Pons de Vincent, Sébastien Thiery, Hélène Miller, Françoise Defoort, and Maguelone Grateau

Subjects
gasification, biomass, agglomeration, blend, defluidisation, Technology
Abstract

The aim of this work is to investigate the fluidised bed gasification of several pure and blended feedstock prepared in the form of pellets: oak bark, two bark/wheat straw blends (85/15 and 50/50 wt%) and lignin residue remaining from bioethanol production. Gasification conditions were defined to be representative of dual fluidised bed ones (steam gasification at 850 °C, followed by air combustion of the char). The cold gas efficiency (77–81%), gas composition and tar content (0.9–2.3 g/kgdaf) are close for the gasification of bark and the two bark/wheat straw blends. For lignin residue, the cold gas efficiency is lower (71%), and the tar content is 9.1 g/kgdaf. The agglomeration propensity is much higher for lignin residue than for the other feedstock. This was put into evidence with in-bed temperature measurements at different levels, and confirmed with post-test size screening of the bed material particles. The 50/50 wt% bark/wheat straw blend seems to undergo defluidisation in combustion, however followed by refluidisation of the bed. These findings were also well correlated with a predictive model for defluidisation.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Fluidized bed air gasification of solid recovered fuel and woody biomass: Influence of experimental conditions on product gas and pollutant release

Author

Serge Ravel, Philippe Pons de Vincent, Sébastien Thiery, Sylvie Valin, Hélène Miller, Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Pollutant, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Tar, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, Pulp and paper industry, 7. Clean energy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Fluidized bed, visual_art, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Environmental science, Sawdust, Char, 0204 chemical engineering, Pyrolysis, Refuse-derived fuel
Abstract

The aim of this work is to study the air gasification of solid recovered fuel (SRF), and to compare it to the gasification of woody biomass (beech wood sawdust, and waste wood). This study focuses on the influence of several operating parameters: temperature – between 800 and 910 °C –, O2/C ratio – between 0 (pyrolysis conditions) and 0.34, and addition of steam. Experiments are performed in a bubbling fluidized bed at 1.5 bar, with a solid feeding rate of 1–3 kg/h. The yield and composition of the product gas is particularly looked at, together with the repartition of carbon into the different types of products (gas species, tar molecules). Sulphur release to the gas phase is also investigated. Temperature has mainly an influence on H2 and CO yields, which is attributed to char gasification enhancement. The addition of steam in fluidising gas induces an increase in oxygenated gas species yields (CO + CO2), related to char gasification improvement. It does not have any reforming influence on light hydrocarbon and tar, with even a slight inhibiting effect. Woody biomass and SRF show significant differences in product yields, which are qualitatively explained by the initial elemental composition and material content of each type of fuel. From a process point of view, the conversion efficiency improvement by varying the gasification conditions for SRF is limited compared to the higher efficiency obtained with woody biomass. Co-gasification of biomass – possibly waste wood – and SRF, could be a way to improve the overall efficiency, and limit pollutant content.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. A novel high-temperature solar chemical reactor for syngas production from solar-driven thermochemical gasification of wood biomass

Author

Stéphane Abanades, Pierre-Eric Frayssines, Quentin Bellouard, Serge Ravel, Sylvain Rodat, Srirat Chuayboon, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Procédés, Matériaux et Energie Solaire (PROMES), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Technologies de l'Hydrogène (LTH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and RODAT, Sylvain

Subjects
Waste management, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 020209 energy, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 7. Clean energy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Solar chemical, 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Production (economics), Environmental science, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Syngas
Abstract

International audience; Solar energy is the most abundant renewable energy source on earth and its contribution in the energy mix is growing fast, especially for electricity production via photovoltaic panels and to a lesser extent for concentrated solar energy. However, concentrated solar energy can also provide high temperature heat for process applications. Solar fuels are envisioned as alternative fuels that would enable long term storage and transport of solar energy. Solar thermochemical gasification of lignocellulosic biomass has been investigated in this objective. The use of concentrated solar energy as the external heat source for the high-temperature reaction allows producing high-value syngas with both higher energy conversion efficiency and reduced cost of gas cleaning and separation, while saving biomass feedstock. A 1.5 kW(th) solar reactor was successfully tested for continuous solar driven gasification of millimetric wood particles under real solar irradiation using a parabolic dish concentrator. Investigated temperatures ranged from 1100 degrees C to 1400 degrees C. The influence of temperature, oxidizing agent nature (H2O or CO2), heating configuration (direct or indirect irradiation), on gas yield and energy conversion efficiency was investigated. The syngas yield drastically increased with the temperature for both steam and CO2 gasification, while increasing the steam content favored H-2 production over CO. Continuous biomass conversion was demonstrated with a global solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency of 26% at 1300 degrees C and a cold gas efficiency as high as 1.16, confirming efficient solar up-grade of the feedstock energy content.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Separation of particles from syngas at high-temperatures with an electrostatic precipitator

Author

Serge Ravel, Jacques Guillaudeau, Audrey Villot, A. Bernis, Maguelone Grateau, Evelyne Gonze, Y. Gonthier, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire ( GEPEA ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique ( ONIRIS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement ( LOCIE ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA) - Grenoble, Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux ( LITEN ), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire ( INES ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment ( CSTB ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment ( CSTB ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-06-BIOE-0005,EPURGAZ,Epuration des gaz ex gazéfication de la biomasse ( 2006 ), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux (LITEN), Institut National de L'Energie Solaire (INES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-06-BIOE-0005,EPURGAZ,Epuration des gaz ex gazéfication de la biomasse(2006), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
020209 energy, Biomass gasification, Electrostatic precipitator, Filtration and Separation, 02 engineering and technology, medicine.disease_cause, 7. Clean energy, Analytical Chemistry, Catalysis, law.invention, Biofuel, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Hot gas cleaning, Filtration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Waste management, Wood gas generator, Chemistry, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Syngas to gasoline plus, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Syngas, 6. Clean water, Soot, Chemical engineering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The synthesis gas stemming from biomass gasification contains particles (ashes, soot, etc.), which, if not removed, can induce severe operational damage. The problem is more serious if syngas must be used for chemical synthesis as in the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst reaction or the water–gas shift. The particles contained in syngas can reduce or inhibit the catalyst effect. Moreover, for energy reasons, it is also necessary to develop a filtration process at as high a temperature as possible. To address this issue, a study to show the possibility of removing the particles from syngas with an electrostatic precipitator at high temperature (500–1000 °C) and pressure (0.1–1 MPa) was conducted. Syngas filtration tests conducted directly downstream of a gasifier demonstrated the feasibility of implementing an electrostatic precipitator to clean syngas at temperatures above 500 °C.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results