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2. Acoustical signal properties for cardiac/respiratory activity and apneas

Author

Kaniusas, Eugenijus, Pftitzner, Helmut, and Saletu, Bernd

Subjects
Sleep apnea syndromes -- Research, Sleep apnea syndromes -- Care and treatment, Biomedical engineering -- Research, Biological sciences, Business, Computers, Health care industry
Abstract

Traditionally, auscultation is applied to the diagnosis of either respiratory disturbances by respiratory sounds or cardiac disturbances by cardiac sounds. In addition, for sleep apnea syndrome diagnosis, snoring sounds are also monitored. The present study was aimed at synchronous detection of all three sound components (cardiac, respiratory, and snoring) from a single spot. The sounds were analyzed with respect to the cardiorespiratory activity, and to the detection and classification of apneas. Sound signals from 30 subjects including 10 apnea patients were detected by means of a microphone connected to a chestpiece which was applied to the heart region. The complex nature of the signal was investigated using time, spectral, and statistical approaches, in connection with self-defined time-based and event-based characteristics. The results show that the obstruction is accompanied by an increase of statistically relevant spectral components in the range of 300 to 2000 Hz, however, not within the range up to 300 Hz. Signal properties are discussed with respect to different breathing types, as well as to the presence and the type of apneas. Principal component analysis of the event-based characteristics shows significant properties of the sound signal with respect to different types of apneas and different patient groups, respectively. The analysis reflects apneas with an obstructive segment and those with a central segment. In addition, aiming for an optimum detection of all three sound components, alternative regions on the thorax and on the neck were investigated on two subjects. The results suggest that the right thorax region in the seventh intercostal space and the neck are optimal regions. It is concluded that for patient assessment, extensive acoustic analysis offers a reduction in the number of required sensor components, especially with respect to compact home monitoring of apneas. Index Terms--Acoustic measurements, apnea classification, apnea screening, breathing sounds, heart sounds, snoring.

Published
2005

4. Procedural memory consolidation is associated with heart rate variability and sleep spindles

Author

van Schalkwijk, Frank J., Hauser, Theresa, Hoedlmoser, Kerstin, Ameen, Mohamed S., Wilhelm, Frank H., Sauter, Cornelia, Klösch, Gerhard, Moser, Doris, Gruber, Georg, Anderer, Peter, Saletu, Bernd, Parapatics, Silvia, Zeitlhofer, Josef, and Schabus, Manuel

Subjects
Adult, Male, Polysomnography, HRV, motor skill adaptation, Sleep and Memory, Young Adult, Heart Rate, Humans, Female, Regular Research Paper, Sleep, spindles, mirror tracing, memory, Memory Consolidation
Abstract

Sleep and memory studies often focus on overnight rather than long‐term memory changes, traditionally associating overnight memory change (OMC) with sleep architecture and sleep patterns such as spindles. In addition, (para‐)sympathetic innervation has been associated with OMC after a daytime nap using heart rate variability (HRV). In this study we investigated overnight and long‐term performance changes for procedural memory and evaluated associations with sleep architecture, spindle activity (SpA) and HRV measures (R‐R interval [RRI], standard deviation of R‐R intervals [SDNN], as well as spectral power for low [LF] and high frequencies [HF]). All participants (N = 20, M age = 23.40 ± 2.78 years) were trained on a mirror‐tracing task and completed a control (normal vision) and learning (mirrored vision) condition. Performance was evaluated after training (R1), after a full‐night sleep (R2) and 7 days thereafter (R3). Overnight changes (R2‐R1) indicated significantly higher accuracy after sleep, whereas a significant long‐term (R3‐R2) improvement was only observed for tracing speed. Sleep architecture measures were not associated with OMC after correcting for multiple comparisons. However, individual SpA change from the control to the learning night indicated that only “SpA enhancers” exhibited overnight improvements for accuracy and long‐term improvements for speed. HRV analyses revealed that lower SDNN and LF power was associated with better OMC for the procedural speed measure. Altogether, this study indicates that overnight improvement for procedural memory is specific for spindle enhancers, and is associated with HRV during sleep following procedural learning.

Published
2019

5. Journal of Sleep Research / Procedural memory consolidation is associated with heart rate variability and sleep spindles

Author

van Schalkwijk, Frank J., Hauser, Theresa, Hoedlmoser, Kerstin, Ameen, Mohamed S., Wilhelm, Frank H., Sauter, Cornelia, Klösch, Gerhard, Moser, Doris, Gruber, Georg, Anderer, Peter, Saletu, Bernd, Parapatics, Silvia, Zeitlhofer, Josef, and Schabus, Manuel

Abstract

Sleep and memory studies often focus on overnight rather than longterm memory changes, traditionally associating overnight memory change (OMC) with sleep architecture and sleep patterns such as spindles. In addition, (para)sympathetic innervation has been associated with OMC after a daytime nap using heart rate variability (HRV). In this study we investigated overnight and longterm performance changes for procedural memory and evaluated associations with sleep architecture, spindle activity (SpA) and HRV measures (RR interval [RRI], standard deviation of RR intervals [SDNN], as well as spectral power for low [LF] and high frequencies [HF]). All participants (N = 20, Mage = 23.40 2.78 years) were trained on a mirrortracing task and completed a control (normal vision) and learning (mirrored vision) condition. Performance was evaluated after training (R1), after a fullnight sleep (R2) and 7 days thereafter (R3). Overnight changes (R2R1) indicated significantly higher accuracy after sleep, whereas a significant longterm (R3R2) improvement was only observed for tracing speed. Sleep architecture measures were not associated with OMC after correcting for multiple comparisons. However, individual SpA change from the control to the learning night indicated that only “SpA enhancers” exhibited overnight improvements for accuracy and longterm improvements for speed. HRV analyses revealed that lower SDNN and LF power was associated with better OMC for the procedural speed measure. Altogether, this study indicates that overnight improvement for procedural memory is specific for spindle enhancers, and is associated with HRV during sleep following procedural learning. P15370 W1233G17 (VLID)4373764

Published
2019

9. Electrophysiological neuroimaging of the central effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine by mapping of electroencephalograms and event-related potentials and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography

Author

Saletu, Bernd, Anderer, Peter, Di Padova, Carlo, Assandri, Alessandro, and Saletu-Zyhlarz, Gerda Maria

Subjects
S-adenosylmethionine -- Physiological aspects, Depression, Mental -- Care and treatment, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background: S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe, or ademetionine) is a naturally occurring molecule used as both a nutraceutical and a pharmaceutical to treat depression. Objective: The central mode of action of SAMe was investigated in 20 healthy volunteers by mapping of electroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Design: In an acute and subacute, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, subjects received in random order infusions of 800 mg SAMe and placebo for 7 d, with a washout period of 3 wk between the 2 treatment periods. EEG recordings were made 0, 1, 3, and 6 h after and ERP recordings were made 0 and 1 h after the drug infusions on days 1 and 7. Results: Multivariate analyses of variance and Hotelling [T.sup.2] tests showed significant acute and subacute encephalotropic effects of SAMe compared with placebo. Acute pharmaco-EEG changes were typical of classic antidepressants of the thymoleptic type; subacute alterations were typical of cognition enhancers. Regarding ERPs, standard N1 and P2 latencies were shortened, and target P300 latencies were lengthened. N1 amplitudes increased after subacute treatment, and temporooccipital P300 amplitudes increased after the acute dose. Similar changes were described for antidepressants. LORETA showed that the N2 source strength increased in both the left and the right temporal lobes, whereas the P300 source strength increased in the dorsolateral prefrontal regions and decreased in the ventral limbic regions. Conclusion: EEG-ERP mapping identified SAMe as an antidepressant. LORETA targeted brain regions crucial in the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants. KEY WORDS Electrophysiological neuroimaging, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, SAMe, ademetionine, electroencephalogram mapping, event-related-potentials mapping, event-related-potentials tomography, low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography, LORETA, antidepressants

Published
2002

12. Safety of Nicergoline as an Agent for Management of Cognitive Function Disorders

Author

Saletu, Bernd, Garg, Amit, and Shoeb, Ahsan

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Nicergoline is a semisynthetic ergot derivative and has a selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor blocking property and also other additional mechanisms of actions, both in the brain and in the periphery. It is in clinical use for over three decades in over fifty countries for conditions such as cerebral infarction, acute and chronic peripheral circulation disorders, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease and has been found to be beneficial in a variety of other conditions. However, concerns about its safety have been raised, especially after the European medicines agency’s (EMEA’s) restriction in the use of all ergot derivatives including nicergoline. But, most of the available literature and data suggest that the adverse events with nicergoline are mild and transient. Further, none of the available treatment options for cognitive disorders afford definitive resolution of symptoms. In this backdrop, we discuss the pharmacology of nicergoline with special emphasis on the safety of this compound, especially when used in patients suffering from cognitive function disorders.

Published
2014
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15. 19th biennial IPEG Meeting

Author

Timofeev, Igor, Kenemans, Leon, Fabene, P. F., Ahnaou, A., Olbrich, Sebastian, Oostenveld, Robert, Arns, Martijn, Boutros, Nash, da Silva, Fernando Lopes, Jensen, Ole, Loo, Sandra K., Landolt, Hans-Peter, Schoffelen, Jan Mathijs, Gouw, Alida A., Hillebrand, Arjan, Demuru, Matteo, Ris, Peterjan, Scheltens, Philip, Stam, Cornelis J., Nissen, Ida A., van Straaten, Ilse E. C. W., Reijneveld, Jaap C., Simpraga, Sonja, Alvarez-Jimenez, Ricardo, Mansvelder, Huibert D., van Gerven, Joop M. A., Groeneveld, Geert Jan, Poil, Simon-Shlomo, Linkenkaer-Hansen, Klaus, van Putten, Michel J. A. M., Tjepkema-Cloostermans, Marleen C., Hofmeijer, Jeannette, Babiloni, Claudio, Triggiani, Antonio Ivano, Lizio, Roberta, Cordone, Susanna, Brunetti, Antonio, Tattoli, Giacomo, Bevilacqua, Vitoantonio, Soricelli, Andrea, Ferri, Raffaele, Nobili, Flavio, Gesualdo, Loreto, Millán-Calenti, José Carlos, Buján, Ana, Tortelli, Rosanna, Cardinali, Valentina, Barulli, Orietta, Giannini, Antonio, Spagnolo, Pantaleo, Armenise, Silvia, Buenza, Grazia, Scianatico, Gaetano, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Frisoni, Giovanni B., Del Percio, Claudio, Hipp, Joerg F., Comley, Robert, Bentley, Darren, Derks, Michael, Garces, Pilar, Knoflach, Frederic, Lennon-Chrimes, Sian, Nave, Stephane, Noldeke, Jana, Seneca, Nick, Trube, Gerhard, Wandel, Christoph, WThomas, Andrew, Hernandez, Maria-Clemancia, Gerrits, Berrie, Vollebregt, Madelon A., Kessels, Roy P. C., Palmer, Donna, Gordon, Evian, Janssen, Tieme W. P., Heslenfeld, Dirk J., van Mourik, Rosa, Geladé, Katleen, Maras, Athanasios, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Brandeis, Daniel, Sander, Christian, Hegerl, Ulrich, Boutros, Nash N., Kirsten, Alexandra, Dohrmann, Anna-Lena, Surova, Galina, Iseger, T. A., Kenemans, J. L., Arns, M., Pawlowski, Marcel A., Adamczyk, Marek, Mikoteit, Thorsten, Steiger, Axel, Kas, Martien J., van Aerde, Karlijn I., van Rijn, Clementina M., Jongsma, Marijtje L. A., van den Broek, Philip L. C., van Egmond, Jan, Walsh, C., Raeymaekers, L., Biermans, R., Manyakov, N. V., Wintmolders, C., Bottelbergs, A., Van Kolen, K., Moechars, D., Kemp, J. A., Drinkenburg, W. H., Marzano, Nicola, Lopez, Susanna, Noce, Giuseppe, Bagnoli, Cristina, Rossini, Paolo Maria, Nobili, Flavio Mariano, Faz, David Bartres, Blin, Olivier, Payoux, Pierre, Bordet, Regis, Mueller, Bernhard, Tsolaki, Magda, Parnetti, Lucilla, Hensch, Tilman, Dukart, Juergen, Bertolino, Alessandro, Forloni, Gianluigi, Frasca, Angelisa, Richardson, Jill, Bastlund, Jesper Frank, Clausen, Bettina, Bentivoglio, Marina, Fabene, Paolo Francesco, Bertini, Giuseppe, Kelley, Jonathan, Drinkenburg, Wilhelmus, Frisoni, Giovanni, Salisbury, Dean F., Coffman, Brian A., Murphy, Timothy, Haigh, Sarah M., Anderer, Peter, Gruber, Georg, Parapatics, Silvia, Saletu-Zyhlarz, Gerda M., Saletu, Bernd, Dorffner, Georg, Jepma, Marieke, Nieuwenhuis, Sander, Schutte, Iris, Heitland, Ivo, Kenemans, J Leon, Sambeth, Anke, Timmermann, Christopher, Kaelen, Mendel, Schenberg, Eduardo, Feilding, Amanda, Leech, Robert, Nutt, David, Carhart-Harris, Robin, Muthukumaraswamy, Suresh, Palenicek, Tomas, Tyls, Filip, Viktorinova, Michaela, Bravermanova, Anna, Androvicova, Renata, Sedlamyerova, Vaclava, Krajca, Vladimir, Brunovsky, Martin, Valle, M, Maqueda, A. E., Romero, S., Mañanas, M. A., Barker, S., Riba, J., Horacek, Jiri, Sos, Peter, Höschl, Cyril, Perenboom, Matthijs J. L., Yang, Yuan, van der Helm, Frans C. T., Ferrari, Michel D., Schouten, Alfred C., Tolner, Else A., Rosipal, Roman, Trejo, Leonardo Jose, Wallerius, John, Apparies, Ross, Cimrova, Barbora, Miller, James, Zobeiri, Mehrnoush, Chaudhary, Rahul, Lütjohann, Annika, Meuth, Patrick, Pape, Hans-Christian, Chetkovich, Dane M., van Luijtelaar, Gilles, Budde, Thomas, Jacob, S., Tahon, K., Balschun, D., Koprivova, J., Saifutdinova, E., Nekovarova, T., Raszka, M., Prasko, J., Bonanni, L., Franciotti, R., Falasca, N. W., Nobili, F., Arnaldi, D., Onofrj, M., Donse, Lana, Sack, Alexander T., Fitzgerald, Paul B., Thiebes, Stephanie, Leicht, Gregor, Curic, Stjepan, Steinmann, Saskia, Polomac, Nenad, Eichler, Iris, Eichler, Lars, Zöllner, Christian, Gallinat, Jürgen, Hanganu-Opatz, Ileana, Mulert, Christoph, Swatzyna, Ronald J., Tarnow, Jay D., Turner, Robert P., Roark, Alexandra J., MacInerney, Erin K., Kozlowski, Gerald P, Perescis, Martin F. J., de Bruin, Natasja, Heijink, Liesbeth, Kruse, Chris, Vinogradova, Lyudmila, Lüttjohann, Annika, Ranzi, Paolo, Freund, Jan A., Thiel, Christiane M., Herrmann, Christoph S., Huysmans, H., Azadi, Parissa, Hollup, Stig, Korcak, Jakub, Koudelka, Vlastimil, Bares, Martin, Czarik, Eléonore, Caci, Hervé, Laurent, Jean-Paul, Deepeshwar, S., Manjunath, N. K., Avinash, M., Dimpfel, Wilfried, Dupont, Caroline, Parsons, Brendan, Brisebois, Hélène, Szabo, Andrea, Duveau, V., Pouyatos, B., Maury, R., Mandé-Nidergang, B., Bouyssières, C., Roucard, C., Roche, Y., Ferger, Boris, Voehringer, Patrizia, Griskova-Bulanova, Inga, Melynyte, Sigita, Dapsys, Kastytis, Voicikas, Aleksandras, Iseger, Tabitha, Tylš, Filip, Vejmola, Čestmír, Kadeřábek, Lukáš, Piorecká, Václava, Novák, Tomáš, Brunovský, Martin, Páleníček, Tomáš, Kruiper, Caitlyn, Sommer, Iris E., Oranje, Bob, Kozlowski, Gerald P., Menolascino, Shelly M., Belgin, Mitchell, Izzo, Genevieve N., Fisher, Lillian E., Meyer, Torsten, Brühl, Annette, Mohammed, Haitham S., Mourad, Iman M., Noor, Neveen A., Ezz, Heba S. Aboul, Khadrawy, Yasser A., Navid, Muhammad Samran, Lelic, Dina, Niazi, Imran Khan, Holt, Kelly, Mark, Esben Bolvig, Drewes, Asbjørn Mohr, Haavik, Heidi, Krajča, Vladimír, de la Salle, Sara, Choueiry, Joelle, Impey, Danielle, Smith, Dylan, Aidelbaum, Robert, Baddeley, Ashley, Hyde, Molly, Duncan, Brittany, Piché, Justin, Rahmani, Noreen, Ilivitsky, Vadim, Knott, Verner, Swart, Jennifer C., Määttä, Jessica I., Cools, Roshan, den Ouden, Hanneke E. M., Jackson, D. A., Veselcic, Peter, Mollon, Jennifer, Spanakis, Emmanouil, Vasileva, Maria, Wicke, Karsten, Novak, Tomas, van der Vinne, Nikita, Vlcek, Premysl, Kohutova, Barbora, Polak, Jakub, Wang, Grace Y., Tiffany, Lin, Hamid, Nazimah, and Sumich, Alex

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