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1. Mises en œuvre opérationnelles de la méthode AIGA pour anticiper les crues sur les cours d'eau non surveillés

Author

FOUCHIER, Catherine, SAINT-MARTIN, Clotilde, ORGANDE, Didier, DEMARGNE, Julie, and JAVELLE, Pierre

Subjects
Risque, Inondation, Anticiper, Crue, Cours d'eau, Méthode, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Premier risque naturel en France, les inondations peuvent entraîner des pertes humaines et provoquer d’importants dégâts matériels. Parmi elles, les crues soudaines causées par des pluies très fortes enregistrées en très peu de temps restent encore difficiles à anticiper et à gérer. La méthode AIGA présentée dans ce article est un outil destiné à mieux identifier ces pluies intenses et anticiper ces crues rapides, notamment quand elles se manifestent au sein de petits bassins versants non équipés de station de mesure. Après une présentation des principes de la méthode, les auteurs s'intéressent à sa mise en oeuvre dans des dispositifs opérationnels de surveillance et d'anticipation des aléas hydrométéorologiques.

Published
2017

2. Sub-chapter 3.4.3. Improving flash flood forecasting and warning capabilities

Author

Javelle, Pierre, Braud, Isabelle, Saint-Martin, Clotilde, Payrastre, Olivier, Gaume, Eric, Borga, Marco, Gourley, Jonathan, and Zappa, Massimiliano

Abstract

Introduction The consequences of flash floods can be dramatic in terms of casualties or economic losses. Jonkman (2005), in a global assessment of flood-related casualties, showed that flash floods lead to the highest mortality (number of fatalities divided by the number of affected people). For example, in the recent flash flood that occurred in the French Riviera around Cannes on 3 October 2015, 20 casualties and 650 billion euros of insured damage (source: http://www.ccr.fr/) were reported...

Published
2018

3. The Mediterranean region under climate change

Author

A. Osman, Mona, Aboul-Naga, Adel, Adallal, Rachid, Aderghal, Mohamed, Afif, Charbel, Alary, Véronique, Alifriqui, Mohamed, Alkama, Rezak, Alleaume, Samuel, Alpert, Pinhas, Ancona, Carla, Annabi, Mohamed, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Anquetin, Sandrine, Ardilouze, Constantin, Auclair, Laurent, Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Yildiz, Azuara, Julien, B. Nicolas, José, Badri, Wadi, Bailly, Alicia, Baldy, Virginie, Bard, Edouard, Barouki, Robert, Barre, Philippe, Bassetti, Maria-Angela, Batté, Lauriane, Baudoin, Ezekiel, Beekmann, Matthias, Belhimer, Ammar, Benaïssa, Fatima, Benedetti, Fabio, Benjelloun, Badr, Benkaddour, Abdel, Ben Rais Lasram, Frida, Bergametti, Gilles, Berger, Jean-François, Bernoux, Martial, Beveren, Elisabeth Van, Bissonnais, Yves Le, Blanchet, Juliette, Blanfuné, Aurélie, Boissard, Christophe, Bonnet, Pascal, Boone, Aaron, Borbon, Agnès, Borga, Marco, Boudevillain, Brice, Bouet, Christel, Boulet, Gilles, Bounouara, Zohra, Bou Dagher, Magda, Brahim, Nadhem, Bras, Jean-Philippe, Braud, Isabelle, Briche, Elodie, Brousseau, Pierre, Cardinael, Rémi, Carozza, Jean-Michel, Carozza, Laurent, Cavicchia, Leone, Chapron, Emmanuel, Charef, Mohamed, Charki, Abderafi, Chenu, Claire, Chevallier, Tiphaine, Chiraz, Belhadj Kheder, Chotte, Jean-Luc, Colette, Augustin, Coll, Marta, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, Coppola, Erika, Costes, Evelyne, Cournac, Laurent, Courp, Thierry, Cozannet, Gonéri Le, Cramer, Wolfgang, Creutin, Jean-Dominique, Dahech, Salem, Dakhlaoui, Hamouda, Daoud, Ibrahim, Darmaraki, Sofia, Darras, Sabine, Dayan, Uri, Débevec, Cécile, Delon, Claire, Delrieu, Guy, Déqué, Michel, Derridj, Arezki, Desboeufs, Karine, Dezileau, Laurent, Diakakis, Michalis, Di Sarra, Alcide, Dollé, Vincent, Doraï, Kamel, Dounias, Edmond, Douvinet, Johnny, Driouech, Fatima, Drobinski, Philippe, Ducrocq, Véronique, Dulac, François, Duponnois, Robin, Dupret, Baudouin, Durand, Pierre, Dusanter, Sébastien, D’Anna, Barbara, Elyazami, Driss, El Mehdi Saidi, Mohamed, Fady, Bruno, Fakir, Younes, Farah, Wehbeh, Fehri, Noômène, Fernandez, Catherine, Fischer, Claude, Flaounas, Emmanouil, Forastiere, Francesco, Formenti, Paola, Forslund, Agneta, Fourrié, Nadia, François Boudouresque, Charles, Galiana, Antoine, Gallali, Tahar, Garcia, Marta, Gaume, Eric, Gauquelin, Thierry, Geniez, Philippe, Genin, Didier, Genty, Dominique, Ghilardi, Matthieu, Gourley, Jonathan, Gros, Valérie, Gualdi, Silvio, Guégan, Jean-François, Guilhaumon, François, Guiot, Joël, Hachicha, Mohamed, Haddouch, Hassan, Hafidi, Mohamed, Haité, Hakima El, Halouani, Ghassen, Hamdi, Salwa, Hamdi-Aissa, Baelhadj, Hamonou, Eric, Hanich, Lahoucine, Harzallah, Ali, Hattab, Tarek, Hebert, Bertil, Himbert, Marc, Hmimsa, Younes, Hochman, Assaf, Hugot, Laetitia, Jalali, Bassem, Jambert, Corinne, Jarlan, Lionel, Javelle, Pierre, Joffre, Richard, Jorda, Gabriel, Jouve, Guillaume, Kallel, Nejib, Kallida, Rajae, Kathra, Nabil Ben, Khabba, Saïd, Khadari, Bouchaib, Khatteli, Houcine, Kotroni, Vassilki, Kuzucuoglu, Catherine, Labiadh, Mohamed, Lacroix, Denis, Lang, Michel, Lasram, Frida Ben Rais, Lasseur, Jacques, Lathière, Juliette, Laurent, Benoît, Leduc, Christian, Legave, Jean-Michel, Leriche, Maud, Lespez, Laurent, Le Loc’H, François, Li, Laurent, Lili-Chabaane, Zohra, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lionello, Piero, Liousse, Catherine, Llasat, Maria Carmen, Locoge, Nadine, Loc’H, François Le, Loireau, Maud, Longepierre, Damien, Lutoff, Céline, Mailler, Sylvain, Malinowski, Dariusz, Mallet, Marc, Manceron, Stéphane, Maouche, Said, Marchi, Lorenzo, Marcos, Marta, Martin, Eric, Martin, Luc, Martin, Nicolas, Marty, Pascal, Marty, Pauline, Massuel, Sylvain, Médail, Frédéric, Mekki, Insaf, Mellas, Samira, Menad, Wahiba, Menut, Laurent, Michon, Geneviève, Michoud, Vincent, Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos, Moatti, Jean-Paul, Mohamed Zaghloul, Alaa, Molénat, Jérôme, Molinié, Gilles, Monier, Marie, Montagna, Paulo, Montoroi, Jean-Pierre, Morillon, Raphaël, Mouaqit, Mohamed, Mouël, Chantal Le, Mouillot, Florent, Moukhli, Abdelmajid, Moullec, Fabien, Mrad Nakhlé, Myriam, Munoz, François, Nabat, Pierre, Nasrallah, Wafa, Neppel, Luc, Norton, Mark, Ouahmane, Lahcen, Ouelhazi, Bahri, Öztürk, Fatma, Page, Michel Le, Payrastre, Olivier, Planton, Serge, Podwojewski, Pascal, Pradel, Roger, Prévot, Laurent, Prin, Yves, Pulido Bosch, Antonio, Quintana-Seguí, Pere, Raclot, Damien, Raimbault, Patrick, Rajot, Jean-Louis, Ramadan Ali, Rafat, Rambal, Serge, Regnard, Jean-Luc, Remini, Boualem, Renard, Jean-Baptiste, Rhaz, Khalid EL, Rhoujjati, Ali, Ricaud, Philippe, Richard, Franck, Ruelland, Denis, Ruin, Isabelle, Sabir, Mohamed, Saint-Martin, Clotilde, Salah, Ehab, Salameh, Thérèse, Sánchez, Enrique, Sanguin, Hervé, Saraux, Claire, Sartelet, Karine, Satta, Alessio, Sauvage, Stéphane, Schatz, Bertrand, Schmitt, Bertrand, Sciare, Jean, Scolobig, Anna, Sellegri, Karine, Shin, Yunne-Jai, Sicard, Michaël, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Silva, Anne Da, Simenel, Romain, Simmoneau, Anaëlle, Slimani, Said, Snoussi, Maria, Solmon, Fabien, Somot, Samuel, Sonzogni, Corinne, Soussana, Jean-François, Stafoggia, Massimo, Sylvestre, Florence, Szczypta, Camille, Tachikawa, Kazuyo, Taschen, Elisa, Thibaut, Thierry, Thibon, Maxime, Thiébault, Stéphanie, Torquebiau, Emmanuel, Tramblay, Yves, Valentin, Christian, Vallet-Coulomb, Christine, Vanniere, Boris, Vennetier, Michel, Verlaque, Marc, Vicente-Serrano, Sergio, Vidal, Jean-Philippe, Vidal, Laurence, Vinet, Freddy, Viry, Elisabeth, Vogt-Schilb, Hélène, Volaire, Florence, Voltz, Marc, Waked, Antoine, Wattrelot, Eric, Yazami, Driss El, Zaher, Hayat, Zappa, Massimiliano, Zbinden, Régina, Zitouna-Chebbi, Rim, Zribi, Mehrez, Moatti, Jean-Paul, and Thiébault, Stéphane

Subjects
Méditerranée, Allenvi, changement climatique, climatic change, RNK, Environmental Studies, COP22, Mediterranean, NAT011000
Abstract

This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.

Published
2018

5. Improving flash flood forecasting and warning capabilities

Author

Javelle, Pierre, Braud, Isabelle, Saint-Martin, Clotilde, Payrastre, Olivier, Gaume, Eric, Borga, Marco, Gourley, Jonathan, Zappa, Massimiliano, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Eau et Environnement (IFSTTAR/GERS/EE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Département Géotechnique, Environnement, Risques naturels et Sciences de la terre (IFSTTAR/GERS), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Paris-Est-PRES Université de Grenoble, Department of Land and Agro-forest Environments, parent, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Institut Fédéral de Recherches sur la Forêt, la Neige et le Paysage (WSL), Institut Fédéral de Recherches [Suisse], and Cadic, Ifsttar

Subjects
[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, HYDROLOGIE, NATURAL RISK, CLIMATE, INONDATION, RISQUE MAJEUR, HYDROLOGY, RISQUE NATUREL, CLIMAT, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, FLOOD, CRUE, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, RISQUE
Abstract

The consequences of flash floods can be dramatic in terms of casualties or economic losses. Jonkman (2005), in a global assessment of flood-related casualties, showed that flash floods lead to the highest mortality (number of fatalities divided by the number of affected people). For example, in the recent flash flood that occurred in the French Riviera around Cannes on 3 October 2015, 20 casualties and 650 billion euros of insured damage (source: http://www.ccr.fr/) were reported. Flash flood forecasting systems are critically needed to better organize crisis management and rescue operations.As mentioned in chapter 1.3.4 (Gaume et al. 2016), flash floods are characterized by a rapid increase of river water levels. They often affect small watersheds, generally ungauged. The spatial and temporal variability of rainfall, landscape characteristics and pre-event catchment wetness are important influential factors in flash flood generation, contributing to the large space-time variability of hydrological responses (Borga et al. 2011).Forecasting flash floods is therefore a complex task. It necessitates the monitoring of large areas, where each small watershed of a few square kilometres can possibly be affected. Real-time observation networks and models must run at small temporal and spatial scales, on the order of a few minutes and kilometres. Furthermore, discharge time series are not available for the majority of the possibly affected watersheds, posing a real challenge for model calibration and evaluation. In this context, radar based precipitation products and/or meteorological forecasts with a high resolution (typically 1 km2 grid size) are crucial (Creutin and Borga, 2003). Slight misplacements of the precipitation may for instance lead towarnings attributed to the wrong river network and to inappropriate flood management decisions.

Published
2016

10. Towards real time assessment of flood risk damage : an application of the AIGA method in the south of France.

Author

Javelle, Pierre, Saint-Martin, Clotilde, Vinet, Freddy, and Payrastre, Olivier

Subjects
*FLOOD damage, *FLOOD warning systems, *RISK assessment, *FLOOD risk, *CRISIS management, *METEOROLOGY
Abstract

Anticipating floods is a major challenge for communities at risk of flooding as the entire warning system – responsible for the safety of people and goods - relies on this anticipation. There is an existing monitoring system "Vigicrues" for flood damage for a fifth of the river network in France. But for four-fifths of this network, made of small rivers, no monitoring is available. Yet those rivers are the most affected by flash floods which especially requireanticipation for crisis management purposes. This is why at the beginning of 2017, the Vigicrues system for flood monitoring has been completed with a new flood warning system called Vigicrues Flash. This system provides automatic information in real-time on flood severity of ungauged basins for 10 000 French communities. Even if this new system is a real innovation for communities with no monitoring at all, the AIGA method which is used in Vigicrues-Flash has some limits. The first one is that the warnings are only based on the assessment of flood severity. But estimating flood severity is not enough to issue efficient flood warnings. To be able to do so, taking into account potential flood losses is essential. The main goal of this work is to enable an anticipated estimation of flood related damage, especially for ungauged basins. We offer a method to assess the risk of flood related damage based on flood severity assessed by the AIGA method and a territorial vulnerability assessment. This last one has been built on a bottom-up approach developed with crisis managers. Putting together this data has enabled a first assessment of the risk of flood risk damage as a dynamic risk index. By adjusting performance testing used in the meteorology field, we have been able to evaluate our risk index and to compare the results with the AIGA method. In order to do so, we have used existing damage data (CATNAT from the GASPAR database) as well as a specific multisource database (using notably social media data) which has been put together as part of this study (DamaGIS). The evaluation process has been tested for 12 communities in the Alpes-Maritimes, 69 in the Gard and 28 in the Var department. Two types of evaluation have been performed: a first comprehensive one continuously with CATNAT data on the1988-2016 period; and another one per flood event at a finer scale. Our results show that moving from hazard assessment to risk assessment has significantly increased the relevance of the warnings and mostly at a smaller scale than the community one. Though, there is a better detection of flood related damage as the false alarm rate has been significantly reduced. This work offers promising prospects to improve the current French warning system for floods and enable a more efficient emergency response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

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