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1. Protocol: identifying policy, system, and environment change interventions to enhance availability of blood for transfusion in Kenya, a mixed-methods study

Author

Munoz-Valencia, Alejandro, Aridi, Jackline O., Barnes, Linda S., Rudd, Kristina E., Bidanda, Bopaya, Epuu, Tonny, Kamu, Robert, Kivuli, Tecla, Macleod, Jana, Makanga, Cindy M., Makin, Jennifer, Mate, Muthoni, Muiru, Carolyne Njoki, Murithi, Gatwiri, Musa, Abdirahaman, Nyagol, Hellen, Ochieng, Kevin, Rajgopal, Jayant, Raykar, Nakul P., Tian, Yiqi, Yazer, Mark H., Zeng, Bo, Olayo, Bernard, Kumar, Pratap, and Puyana, Juan Carlos

Published
2023
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2. Essential Emergency and Critical Care: a consensus among global clinical experts

Author

Schell, Carl Otto, Khalid, Karima, Wharton-Smith, Alexandra, Oliwa, Jacquie, Sawe, Hendry R, Roy, Nobhojit, Sanga, Alex, Marshall, John C, Rylance, Jamie, Hanson, Claudia, Kayambankadzanja, Raphael K, Wallis, Lee A, Jirwe, Maria, Baker, Tim, Asghar, Adam, Laytin, Adam D, Holloway, Adrian J, Adib, Ahmed Rhassane El, Michaelides, Alexia, Munoz, Alvaro Coronado, Muzuka, Amos, Fernández, Analía, Pembe, Andrea B, Wellhagen, Andreas, Smith, Andrew G, Gadgil, Anita, Hvarfner, Anna, Abayadeera, Anuja, Agulnik, Asya, Godard, Aurélie, Venkatesh, Balasubramanian, Yousif, Bargo Mahamat, Morton, Bhakti Sarang Ben, Kumar, Bharath, Vijayaraghavan, Tirupakuzhi, King, Bobby, Rice, Brian, Thwaites, C Louise, Tai, Chian Wern, Owoo, Christian, Sendagire, Cornelius, Petersen, Dan Brun, Tatay, Daniel, Skinner, David Lee, Kinyua, Denis, Ghosh, Dhruva, Aryal, Diptesh, Mlombwa, Donald, Thi, Duyen, Bui, Hanh, Lugazia, Edwin R, Riviello, Elisabeth, Molyneux, Elizabeth M, Heyns, Ellena, Nsutebu, Emmanuel Fru, Montalvo, Erika, Moreno, Ernesto Gerardo, Kanyangira, Esther Banda, Muttalib, Fiona, Mupeta, Francis, Diaz, Franco, Bulamba, Fred, Nzanzu, Furaha, Pascal, Blaise, Wooldridge, Gavin, Mwakisambwe, Gibonce, Richards, Guy A, Ammar, Hala, Mangat, Halinder S, Ghali, Hasanein H, Shah, Hiral A, Shum, Hoi Ping, Abdullahi, Ibrahim Salim, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, von der Osten, Ingrid T, Mcknight, Jacob, Lee, James S, Namagga, Jane Kasozi, Eriksen, Jaran, Armour-Marshall, Jasmine, Kellett, John, Metcalfe, John Z, Moore, Jolene, Blixt, Jonas, Langton, Josephine, Mejia, Juan Gutierrez, Silesky-Jiménez, Juan Ignacio, Soni, Kapil Dev, Kohne, Karl Martin, Rowan, Kathryn, Yokobatake, Kazuhiro, Doi, Kent, Rudd, Kristina E, Akuamoah-Boateng, Kwame Asante, Irestedt, Lars, Losonczy, Lia I, Zhang, Lina, Kurland, Lisa, Guinness, Lorna, and Bains, Lovenish

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Health Services, Clinical Research, Emergency Care, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, Consensus, Critical Care, Emergency Medical Services, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, EECC Collaborators, EECC Collaborators*, health policy, health services research, health systems, surgery, Health services and systems, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundGlobally, critical illness results in millions of deaths every year. Although many of these deaths are potentially preventable, the basic, life-saving care of critically ill patients are often overlooked in health systems. Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) has been devised as the care that should be provided to all critically ill patients in all hospitals in the world. EECC includes the effective care of low cost and low complexity for the identification and treatment of critically ill patients across all medical specialties. This study aimed to specify the content of EECC and additionally, given the surge of critical illness in the ongoing pandemic, the essential diagnosis-specific care for critically ill patients with COVID-19.MethodsIn a Delphi process, consensus (>90% agreement) was sought from a diverse panel of global clinical experts. The panel iteratively rated proposed treatments and actions based on previous guidelines and the WHO/ICRC's Basic Emergency Care. The output from the Delphi was adapted iteratively with specialist reviewers into a coherent and feasible package of clinical processes plus a list of hospital readiness requirements.ResultsThe 269 experts in the Delphi panel had clinical experience in different acute medical specialties from 59 countries and from all resource settings. The agreed EECC package contains 40 clinical processes and 67 requirements, plus additions specific for COVID-19.ConclusionThe study has specified the content of care that should be provided to all critically ill patients. Implementing EECC could be an effective strategy for policy makers to reduce preventable deaths worldwide.

Published
2021

3. The burden of antimicrobial resistance in the Americas in 2019: a cross-country systematic analysis

Author

Aguilar, Gisela Robles, Swetschinski, Lucien R., Weaver, Nicole Davis, Ikuta, Kevin S., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Gray, Authia P., Chung, Erin, Wool, Eve E., Han, Chieh, Hayoon, Anna Gershberg, Araki, Daniel T., Abdollahi, Ashkan, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adnan, Mohammad, Agarwal, Ramesh, Dehkordi, Javad Aminian, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y., Areda, Demelash, Azzam, Ahmed Y., Berezin, Eitan N., Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bhuyan, Soumitra S., Browne, Annie J., Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K., Ching, Patrick R., Dai, Xiaochen, Darmstadt, Gary L., De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Mombaque dos Santos, Wendel, Eyre, David, Garcia, Coralith, Haines-Woodhouse, Georgina, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Henry, Nathaniel J., Hopkins, Susan, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Iregbu, Kenneth Chukwuemeka, Iwu, Chidozie C.D., Jacobs, Jan Adriaan, Janko, Mark M., Jones, Ronald, Karaye, Ibraheem M., Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Imteyaz A., Khan, Taimoor, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kisa, Adnan, Koyaweda, Giscard Wilfried, Krapp, Fiorella, Kumaran, Emmanuelle A.P., Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Lim, Stephen S., Liu, Xuefeng, Luby, Stephen, Maharaj, Sandeep B., Maronga, Christopher, Martorell, Miquel, May, Jürgen, McManigal, Barney, Mokdad, Ali H., Moore, Catrin E., Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Marcia, Nanavati, Ruchi, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S., Qamar, Farah Naz, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Ochoa, Theresa J., Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R., Olagunju, Andrew T., Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Ounchanum, Pradthana, Paredes, Jose L., Patthipati, Venkata Suresh, Pawar, Shrikant, Pereira, Marcos, Pollard, Andrew, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Sady Prates, Elton Junio, Qattea, Ibrahim, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roilides, Emmanuel, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Rudd, Kristina E., Sangchan, Weerawut, Seekaew, Samroeng, Seylani, Allen, Shababi, Niloufar, Sham, Sunder, Sifuentes-Osornio, Jose, Singh, Harpreet, Stergachis, Andy, Tasak, Nidanuch, Tat, Nathan Y., Thaiprakong, Areerat, Valdez, Pascual R., Yada, Dereje Y., Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Hay, Simon I., Dolecek, Christiane, Sartorius, Benn, Murray, Christopher J.L., and Naghavi, Mohsen

Published
2023
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4. Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Momtazmanesh, Sara, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Rad, Elaheh Malakan, Rezaei, Negar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Aali, Amirali, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Md Abdullah, Abu Yousuf, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra, Achappa, Basavaprabhu, Adane Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Adane, Tigist Demssew, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adnan, Mohammad, Sakilah Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Rashid, Tarik Ahmed, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alemayehu, Astawus, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Dehkordi, Javad Aminian, Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Antony, Catherine M., Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Arulappan, Judie, Ashraf, Tahira, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Attia, Engi F., Ayele, Meshesha Tsegazeab, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Babu, Abraham Samuel, Bagherieh, Sara, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Banach, Maciej, Bardhan, Mainak, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Saurav, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Bensenor, Isabela M., Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bouaoud, Souad, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brauer, Michael, Butt, Muhammad Hammad, Butt, Zahid A., Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Charalampous, Periklis, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cohen, Aaron J., Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Saswati, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Delgado-Ortiz, Laura, Dereje, Diriba, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Dirirsa, Gebisa, Doku, Paul Narh, Dongarwar, Deepa, Douiri, Abdel, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, Mustafa Elagali, Ahmed Elabbas, Elhadi, Muhammed, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Etaee, Farshid, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Faro, Andre, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fekadu, Ginenus, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Franklin, Richard Charles, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaihre, Santosh, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gerema, Urge, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Getachew, Tamiru, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghanbari, Reza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholami, Ali, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hadei, Mostafa, Halwani, Rabih, Hanif, Asif, Hargono, Arief, Harorani, Mehdi, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hay, Simon I., Heidari, Mohammad, Hellemons, Merel E., Herteliu, Claudiu, Holla, Ramesh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hoseini, Mohammad, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Huang, Junjie, Hussain, Salman, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ibrahim, Sufyan, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Immurana, Mustapha, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Merin J, Linda, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamshidi, Elham, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Johnson, Olatunji, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, K, Vaishali, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Laleh R., Kalhor, Rohollah, Kandel, Himal, Karanth, Shama D., Karaye, Ibraheem M., Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Kassie, Gizat M., Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Imteyaz A., Khan, Moien A.B., Khan, Yusra H., Khreis, Haneen, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Knibbs, Luke D., Kolkhir, Pavel, Komaki, Somayeh, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Koolivand, Ali, Korzh, Oleksii, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kumar, Naveen, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P., Kuttikkattu, Ambily, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lám, Judit, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Latief, Kamaluddin, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Yo Han, Legesse, Samson Mideksa, Lenzi, Jacopo, Li, Ming-Chieh, Lin, Ro-Ting, Liu, Gang, Liu, Wei, Lo, Chun-Han, Lorenzovici, László, Lu, Yifei, Mahalingam, Soundarya, Mahmoudi, Elham, Mahotra, Narayan B., Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansouri, Borhan, Mathews, Elezebeth, Maulud, Sazan Qadir, Mechili, Enkeleint A., Nasab, Entezar Mehrabi, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mengistu, Dechasa Adare, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios, Meshkat, Mahboobeh, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mithra, Prasanna, Moghadasi, Javad, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadshahi, Marita, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Moka, Nagabhishek, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moniruzzaman, Md, Montazeri, Fateme, Moradi, Maryam, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mpundu-Kaambwa, Christine, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Murray, Christopher J.L., Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Nangia, Vinay, Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha, Narayana, Aparna Ichalangod, Natto, Zuhair S., Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Negash, Wogene Wogene, Nena, Evangelia, Kandel, Sandhya Neupane, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nogueira de Sá, Antonio Tolentino, Nowroozi, Ali, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Obaidur, Rahman Md, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T., Bali, Ahmed Omar, Ostojic, Sergej M., A, Mahesh P., Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pahlevan Fallahy, Mohammad Taha, Palicz, Tamás, Pana, Adrian, Park, Eun-Kee, Patel, Jay, Paudel, Rajan, Paudel, Uttam, Pedersini, Paolo, Pereira, Marcos, Pereira, Renato B., Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pirestani, Majid, Postma, Maarten J., Prashant, Akila, Rabiee, Mohammad, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Sima, Rahim, Fakher, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rajput, Prashant, Rana, Juwel, Rao, Chythra R., Rao, Sowmya J., Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Mohamed Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa, Rezaei, Maryam, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Nima, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rodrigues, Mónica, Buendia Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio, Roever, Leonardo, Rojas-Rueda, David, Rudd, Kristina E., Saad, Aly M.A., Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Erfan, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeed, Umar, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Sakhamuri, Sateesh, Salehi, Sana, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shekhar, Shashank, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Simpson, Colin R., Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Song, Suhang, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stockfelt, Leo, Sun, Jing, Takahashi, Ken, Talaat, Iman M., Tan, Ker-Kan, Tat, Nathan Y., Tat, Vivian Y., Taye, Birhan Tsegaw, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapar, Rekha, Thienemann, Friedrich, Tiyuri, Amir, Ngoc Tran, Mai Thi, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Car, Lorainne Tudor, Tusa, Biruk Shalmeno, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Sana, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., Valizadeh, Rohollah, van Boven, Job F.M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vaziri, Siavash, Violante, Francesco S., Vo, Bay, Wang, Ning, Wei, Melissa Y., Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yadav, Lalit, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zahir, Mazyar, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zegeye, Zelalem Banjaw, Zhang, Yunquan, Naghavi, Mohsen, Larijani, Bagher, and Farzadfar, Farshad

Published
2023
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6. Prognostic Accuracy of Screening Tools for Clinical Deterioration in Adults With Suspected Sepsis in Northeastern Thailand: A Cohort Validation Study.

Author

Wixon-Genack, Jenna, Wright, Shelton W, Ortega, Natalie L Cobb, Hantrakun, Viriya, Rudd, Kristina E, Teparrukkul, Prapit, Limmathurotsakul, Direk, and West, T Eoin

Subjects
CLINICAL deterioration, EARLY warning score, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, MEDICAL screening, RESOURCE-limited settings
Abstract

Background We sought to assess the performance of commonly used clinical scoring systems to predict imminent clinical deterioration in patients hospitalized with suspected infection in rural Thailand. Methods Patients with suspected infection were prospectively enrolled within 24 hours of admission to a referral hospital in northeastern Thailand between 2013 and 2017. In patients not requiring intensive medical interventions, multiple enrollment scores were calculated including the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), the Modified Early Warning Score, Between the Flags, and the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Scores were tested for predictive accuracy of clinical deterioration, defined as a new requirement of mechanical ventilation, vasoactive medications, intensive care unit admission, and/or death approximately 1 day after enrollment. The association of each score with clinical deterioration was evaluated by means of logistic regression, and discrimination was assessed by generating area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Of 4989 enrolled patients, 2680 met criteria for secondary analysis, and 100 of 2680 (4%) experienced clinical deterioration within 1 day after enrollment. NEWS had the highest discrimination for predicting clinical deterioration (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.78 [95% confidence interval,.74–.83]) compared with the Modified Early Warning Score (0.67 [.63–.73]; P <.001), quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (0.65 [.60–.70]; P <.001), and Between the Flags (0.69 [.64–.75]; P <.001). NEWS ≥5 yielded optimal sensitivity and specificity for clinical deterioration prediction. Conclusions In patients hospitalized with suspected infection in a resource-limited setting in Southeast Asia, NEWS can identify patients at risk of imminent clinical deterioration with greater accuracy than other clinical scoring systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Association with Patient Outcomes in a Rural Kenyan Hospital

Author

Drobish, Ian C., primary, Barasa, Immaculate K., additional, Otieno, George, additional, Osoo, Moses Odhiambo, additional, Thuo, Solomon K., additional, Belknap, Kaya S., additional, Shirk, Arianna McLain, additional, McClanahan, S. Taylor, additional, Irungu, Elizabeth, additional, Riunga, Felix, additional, Lelei, Faith, additional, Rudd, Kristina E., additional, and Brotherton, B. Jason, additional

Published
2023
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11. Association of clinical prediction scores with hospital mortality in an adult medical and surgical intensive care unit in Kenya

Author

Brotherton, B. Jason, primary, Joshi, Mugdha, additional, Otieno, George, additional, Wandia, Sarah, additional, Gitura, Hannah, additional, Mueller, Ariel, additional, Nguyen, Tony, additional, Letchford, Steve, additional, Riviello, Elisabeth D., additional, Karanja, Evelyn, additional, and Rudd, Kristina E., additional

Published
2023
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13. An exploratory assessment of the management of pediatric traumatic brain injury in three centers in Africa

Author

Raees, Madiha, primary, Hooli, Shubhada, additional, von Saint André-von Arnim, Amélie O., additional, Laeke, Tsegazeab, additional, Otupiri, Easmon, additional, Fabio, Anthony, additional, Rudd, Kristina E., additional, Kumar, Rashmi, additional, Wilson, Patrick T., additional, Aklilu, Abenezer Tirsit, additional, Tuyisenge, Lisine, additional, Wang, Chunyan, additional, Tasker, Robert C., additional, Angus, Derek C., additional, Kochanek, Patrick M., additional, Fink, Ericka L., additional, and Bacha, Tigist, additional

Published
2022
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16. Comparative clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with community acquired bacteremia caused by Escherichia coli, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Staphylococcus aureus: A prospective observational study (Ubon-sepsis)

Author

Somayaji, Ranjani, primary, Hantrakun, Viriya, additional, Teparrukkul, Prapit, additional, Wongsuvan, Gumphol, additional, Rudd, Kristina E., additional, Day, Nicholas P. J., additional, West, T. Eoin, additional, and Limmathurotsakul, Direk, additional

Published
2021
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17. Pragmatic Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with COVID-19 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Author

Rudd, Kristina E, Cizmeci, Elif A, Galli, Gabriela M, Lundeg, Ganbold, Schultz, Marcus J, Papali, Alfred, For The Covid-Lmic Task Force And The Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Moru Bangkok Thailand, Intensive Care Medicine, AII - Inflammatory diseases, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Microcirculation, and Unit, COVID-LMIC Task Force and the Mahidol-Oxford Research

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, medicine.medical_treatment, Urinalysis, Peritoneal dialysis, Virology, medicine, Intravascular volume status, Humans, Intensive care medicine, Developing Countries, Dialysis, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, COVID-19, Articles, Acute Kidney Injury, medicine.disease, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Elevated serum creatinine, Respiratory failure, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Parasitology, Hemodialysis, business, Peritoneal Dialysis
Abstract

Current recommendations for the management of patients with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury (AKI) are largely based on evidence from resource-rich settings, mostly located in high-income countries. It is often unpractical to apply these recommendations to resource-restricted settings. We report on a set of pragmatic recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of patients with COVID-19 and AKI in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). For the prevention of AKI among patients with COVID-19 in LMICs, we recommend using isotonic crystalloid solutions for expansion of intravascular volume, avoiding nephrotoxic medications, and using a conservative fluid management strategy in patients with respiratory failure. For the diagnosis of AKI, we suggest that any patient with COVID-19 presenting with an elevated serum creatinine level without available historical values be considered as having AKI. If serum creatinine testing is not available, we suggest that patients with proteinuria should be considered to have possible AKI. We suggest expansion of the use of point-of-care serum creatinine and salivary urea nitrogen testing in community health settings, as funding and availability allow. For the management of patients with AKI and COVID-19 in LMICS, we recommend judicious use of intravenous fluid resuscitation. For patients requiring dialysis who do not have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we suggest using peritoneal dialysis (PD) as first choice, where available and feasible. For patients requiring dialysis who do have ARDS, we suggest using hemodialysis, where available and feasible, to optimize fluid removal. We suggest using locally produced PD solutions when commercially produced solutions are unavailable or unaffordable.

Published
2020

19. Additional file 3 of sTREM-1 predicts mortality in hospitalized patients with infection in a tropical, middle-income country

Author

Wright, Shelton W., Lovelace-Macon, Lara, Viriya Hantrakun, Rudd, Kristina E., Prapit Teparrukkul, Kosamo, Susanna, W. Conrad Liles, Direk Limmathurotsakul, and West, T. Eoin

Subjects
cardiovascular system, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Additional file 3. Association of Ang-2 with death stratified by transfer status.

Published
2020
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21. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017

Author

Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. A., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, lIslam, Sheikh Mohammed Sharifu, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D., Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G. Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G. K., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R., Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olagunju, Tinuke O., Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Owolabi, Mayowa O., P. A., Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-Kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr., Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A., Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma Toma, Alemayehu, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, Vos, Theo, GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators, Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. A., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, lIslam, Sheikh Mohammed Sharifu, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D., Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G. Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G. K., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R., Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olagunju, Tinuke O., Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Owolabi, Mayowa O., P. A., Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-Kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr., Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A., Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma Toma, Alemayehu, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, Vos, Theo, and GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators

Abstract

© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Background: Previous attempts to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases have focused only on specific disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. In this study, we aimed to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases globally, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis on geographical and time trends from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, we estimated the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality attributable to chronic respiratory diseases through an analysis of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL) by GBD super-region, from 1990 to 2017, stratified by age and sex. Specific diseases analysed included asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and other chronic respiratory diseases. We also assessed the contribution of risk factors (smoking, second-hand smoke, ambient particulate matter and ozone pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, and occupational risks) to chronic respiratory disease-attributable DALYs. Findings: In 2017, 544·9 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 506·9–584·8) worldwide had a chronic respiratory disease, representing an increase of 39·8% compared with 1990. Chronic respiratory disease prevalence showed wide variability across GBD super-regions, with the highest prevalence among both males and females in high-income regions, and the lowest prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. The age-sex-specific prevalence of each chronic respiratory disease in 2017 was also highly variable geographically. Chronic respiratory diseases were the third leading cause of death in 2017 (7·0% [95% UI 6·8–7·2] of all deaths), behind cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Deaths due to chronic respirato

Published
2020

22. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author

Soriano, Joan B, Kendrick, Parkes J, Paulson, Katherine R, Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M, Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-orjuela, Carlos A, Choi, Jee-young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Cohen, Aaron J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, De Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-gordillo, M.a., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young-eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D, Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D, Lotufo, Paulo A, Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R, Mini, Gk, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R, Ofori-asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr., Robert C, Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A, Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad-hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Tortajada-girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R, Van Boven, Job F M, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S, Wagner, Gregory R, Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J, other, and, Soriano, Joan B, Kendrick, Parkes J, Paulson, Katherine R, Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M, Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-orjuela, Carlos A, Choi, Jee-young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Cohen, Aaron J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, De Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-gordillo, M.a., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young-eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D, Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D, Lotufo, Paulo A, Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R, Mini, Gk, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R, Ofori-asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr., Robert C, Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A, Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad-hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Tortajada-girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R, Van Boven, Job F M, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S, Wagner, Gregory R, Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J, and other, and

Abstract

Background: Previous attempts to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases have focused only on specific disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. In this study, we aimed to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases globally, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis on geographical and time trends from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, we estimated the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality attributable to chronic respiratory diseases through an analysis of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL) by GBD super-region, from 1990 to 2017, stratified by age and sex. Specific diseases analysed included asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and other chronic respiratory diseases. We also assessed the contribution of risk factors (smoking, second-hand smoke, ambient particulate matter and ozone pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, and occupational risks) to chronic respiratory disease-attributable DALYs. Findings: In 2017, 544·9 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 506·9–584·8) worldwide had a chronic respiratory disease, representing an increase of 39·8% compared with 1990. Chronic respiratory disease prevalence showed wide variability across GBD super-regions, with the highest prevalence among both males and females in high-income regions, and the lowest prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. The age-sex-specific prevalence of each chronic respiratory disease in 2017 was also highly variable geographically. Chronic respiratory diseases were the third leading cause of death in 2017 (7·0% [95% UI 6·8–7·2] of all deaths), behind cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Deaths due to chronic respiratory diseases numbered 3 914 196 (95% UI 3 790 578–4 044 819) in 2017, an increase of 18·0% since 1990, whi

Published
2020

23. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author

Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. A., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D., Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G. Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G. K., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R., Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olagunju, Tinuke O., Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Mahesh, M., Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun Kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A., Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F.M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, Vos, Theo, Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. A., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D., Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G. Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G. K., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R., Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olagunju, Tinuke O., Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Mahesh, M., Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun Kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner, Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A., Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F.M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, and Vos, Theo

Abstract

Background: Previous attempts to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases have focused only on specific disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. In this study, we aimed to characterise the burden of chronic respiratory diseases globally, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis on geographical and time trends from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, we estimated the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality attributable to chronic respiratory diseases through an analysis of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL) by GBD super-region, from 1990 to 2017, stratified by age and sex. Specific diseases analysed included asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and other chronic respiratory diseases. We also assessed the contribution of risk factors (smoking, second-hand smoke, ambient particulate matter and ozone pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, and occupational risks) to chronic respiratory disease-attributable DALYs. Findings: In 2017, 544·9 million people (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 506·9–584·8) worldwide had a chronic respiratory disease, representing an increase of 39·8% compared with 1990. Chronic respiratory disease prevalence showed wide variability across GBD super-regions, with the highest prevalence among both males and females in high-income regions, and the lowest prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. The age-sex-specific prevalence of each chronic respiratory disease in 2017 was also highly variable geographically. Chronic respiratory diseases were the third leading cause of death in 2017 (7·0% [95% UI 6·8–7·2] of all deaths), behind cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Deaths due to chronic respiratory diseases numbered 3 914 196 (95% UI 3 790 578–4 044 819) in 2017, an increase of 18·0% since 1990, whi

Published
2020

40. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017

Author

<p>Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301053?via%3Dihub#sec1</p>, Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. A., Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F., Goudarzi, Houman, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hole, Michael K., Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, lIslam, Sheikh Mohammed Sharifu, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamal, Amr A., Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Kabir, Zubair, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Knibbs, Luke D., Komaki, Hamidreza, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G. Anil, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, La Vecchia, Carlo, Le, Tham Thi, Leigh, James, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Lopez, Alan D., Lotufo, Paulo A., Madotto, Fabiana, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manafi, Farzad, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Mini, G. K., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naderi, Mehdi, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R., Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olagunju, Tinuke O., Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Justin R., Owolabi, Mayowa O., P. A., Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-Kee, Pham, Hai Quang, Postma, Maarten J., Pourjafar, Hadi, Poustchi, Hossein, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr., Robert C., Reitsma, Marissa Bettay, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rudd, Kristina E., Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Safari, Saeed, Saleem, Komal, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shirkoohi, Reza, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Jasvinder A., Soljak, Michael, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Thakur, Jarnail Singh, Toma Toma, Alemayehu, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Khanh Bao, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, Vos, Theo, GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators, <p>Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301053?via%3Dihub#sec1</p>, Soriano, Joan B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Paulson, Katherine R., Gupta, Vinay, Abrams, Elissa M., Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Advani, Shailesh M., Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmadian, Elham, Alahdab, Fares, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antó, Josep M., Arabloo, Jalal, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Awoke, Nefsu, Badawi, Alaa, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S.Sachiko, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Brauer, Michael, Bukhman, Gene, Butt, Zahid A., Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christopher, Devasahayam J., Cohen, Aaron J., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, Eftekhari, Aziz, Elkout, Hajer, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Garcia-Gordillo, M. 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M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veisani, Yousef, Violante, Francesco S., Wagner, Gregory R., Westerman, Ronny, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wondmieneh, Adam Belay, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zar, Heather J., Zhang, Yunquan, Vos, Theo, and GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators

Abstract

Soriano, J. B., Kendrick, P. J., Paulson, K. R., Gupta, V., Abrams, E. M., Adedoyin, R. A., ... Vos, T. (2020). Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(6), 585-596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30105-3

41. Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019

Author

Kevin S Ikuta, Lucien R Swetschinski, Gisela Robles Aguilar, Fablina Sharara, Tomislav Mestrovic, Authia P Gray, Nicole Davis Weaver, Eve E Wool, Chieh Han, Anna Gershberg Hayoon, Amirali Aali, Semagn Mekonnen Abate, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Getachew Abebe, Aidin Abedi, Amir Parsa Abhari, Hassan Abidi, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Abdorrahim Absalan, Hiwa Abubaker Ali, Juan Manuel Acuna, Tigist Demssew Adane, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Oyelola A Adegboye, Mohammad Adnan, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Afzal, Zahra Babaei Aghdam, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Aqeel Ahmad, Araz Ramazan Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Sohail Ahmad, Sepideh Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Jivan Qasim Ahmed, Tarik Ahmed Rashid, Marjan Ajami, Budi Aji, Mostafa Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna, Hanadi Al Hamad, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Mamoon A Aldeyab, Alicia V Aleman, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji Alhalaiqa, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Liaqat Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Yousef Alimohamadi, Vahid Alipour, Atiyeh Alizadeh, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Kasim Allel, Sami Almustanyir, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Arianna Maever L Amit, Nivedita Anandavelane, Robert Ancuceanu, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Dewi Anggraini, Adnan Ansar, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, Jalal Arabloo, Aleksandr Y Aravkin, Demelash Areda, Timur Aripov, Anton A Artamonov, Judie Arulappan, Raphael Taiwo Aruleba, Muhammad Asaduzzaman, Tahira Ashraf, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Daniel Atlaw, Sameh Attia, Marcel Ausloos, Tewachew Awoke, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Tegegn Mulatu Ayana, Sina Azadnajafabad, Amirhossein Azari Jafari, Darshan B B, Muhammad Badar, Ashish D Badiye, Nayereh Baghcheghi, Sara Bagherieh, Atif Amin Baig, Indrajit Banerjee, Aleksandra Barac, Mainak Bardhan, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Amadou Barrow, Pritish Baskaran, Saurav Basu, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Batiha, Neeraj Bedi, Melaku Ashagrie Belete, Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi, Rose G Bender, Bharti Bhandari, Dinesh Bhandari, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Sonu Bhaskar, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Suraj Bhattarai, Saeid Bitaraf, Danilo Buonsenso, Zahid A Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Jiao Cai, Daniela Calina, Paulo Camargos, Luis Alberto Cámera, Rosario Cárdenas, Muge Cevik, Joshua Chadwick, Jaykaran Charan, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Patrick R Ching, Sonali Gajanan Choudhari, Enayet Karim Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Dinh-Toi Chu, Isaac Sunday Chukwu, Omid Dadras, Fentaw Teshome Dagnaw, Xiaochen Dai, Saswati Das, Anna Dastiridou, Sisay Abebe Debela, Fitsum Wolde Demisse, Solomon Demissie, Diriba Dereje, Msganaw Derese, Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, Fikadu Nugusu Dessalegn, Samuel Abebe A Dessalegni, Belay Desye, Kartik Dhaduk, Meghnath Dhimal, Sameer Dhingra, Nancy Diao, Daniel Diaz, Shirin Djalalinia, Milad Dodangeh, Deepa Dongarwar, Bezabih Terefe Dora, Fariba Dorostkar, Haneil Larson Dsouza, Eleonora Dubljanin, Susanna J Dunachie, Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye, Hisham Atan Edinur, Habtamu Bekele Ejigu, Michael Ekholuenetale, Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo, Hassan El-Abid, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohamed A Elmonem, Amir Emami, Luchuo Engelbert Bain, Daniel Berhanie Enyew, Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar, Babak Eshrati, Farshid Etaee, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Shahab Falahi, Aida Fallahzadeh, Emerito Jose A Faraon, Ali Fatehizadeh, Ginenus Fekadu, João C Fernandes, Allegra Ferrari, Getahun Fetensa, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Masoud Foroutan, Peter Andras Gaal, Muktar A Gadanya, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Balasankar Ganesan, Mesfin Gebrehiwot, Reza Ghanbari, Mohammad Ghasemi Nour, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Ali Gholamrezanezhad, Abdolmajid Gholizadeh, Mahaveer Golechha, Pouya Goleij, Davide Golinelli, Amador Goodridge, Damitha Asanga Gunawardane, Yuming Guo, Rajat Das Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Gupta, Alemu Guta, Parham Habibzadeh, Atlas Haddadi Avval, Rabih Halwani, Asif Hanif, Md. Abdul Hannan, Harapan Harapan, Shoaib Hassan, Hadi Hassankhani, Khezar Hayat, Behzad Heibati, Golnaz Heidari, Mohammad Heidari, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Claudiu Herteliu, Demisu Zenbaba Heyi, Kamal Hezam, Praveen Hoogar, Nobuyuki Horita, Md Mahbub Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Sorin Hostiuc, Soodabeh Hoveidamanesh, Junjie Huang, Salman Hussain, Nawfal R Hussein, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Mohammad Tarique Imam, Mustapha Immurana, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Arnaud Iradukunda, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Chidozie C D Iwu, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Linda Merin J, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Elham Jamshidi, Tahereh Javaheri, Fatemeh Javanmardi, Javad Javidnia, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Umesh Jayarajah, Rime Jebai, Ravi Prakash Jha, Tamas Joo, Nitin Joseph, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Salah Eddine Oussama Kacimi, Vidya Kadashetti, Laleh R Kalankesh, Rohollah Kalhor, Vineet Kumar Kamal, Himal Kandel, Neeti Kapoor, Samad Karkhah, Bekalu Getnet Kassa, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Patrick DMC Katoto, Mohammad Keykhaei, Himanshu Khajuria, Abbas Khan, Imteyaz A Khan, Maseer Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Moien AB Khan, Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh, Mona M Khater, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, Jagdish Khubchandani, Hanna Kim, Min Seo Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Niranjan Kissoon, Sonali Kochhar, Farzad Kompani, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A Koul, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Fiorella Krapp Lopez, Kewal Krishan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Vishnutheertha Kulkarni, Naveen Kumar, Om P Kurmi, Ambily Kuttikkattu, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Judit Lám, Iván Landires, Savita Lasrado, Sang-woong Lee, Jacopo Lenzi, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Stephen S Lim, Wei Liu, Rakesh Lodha, Michael J Loftus, Ayush Lohiya, László Lorenzovici, Mojgan Lotfi, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Mansour Adam Mahmoud, Razzagh Mahmoudi, Azeem Majeed, Jamal Majidpoor, Alaa Makki, Galana Ayana Mamo, Yosef Manla, Miquel Martorell, Clara N Matei, Barney McManigal, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Ravi Mehrotra, Addisu Melese, Oliver Mendoza-Cano, Ritesh G Menezes, Alexios-Fotios A Mentis, Georgia Micha, Irmina Maria Michalek, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Neda Milevska Kostova, Shabir Ahmad Mir, Mojgan Mirghafourvand, Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Abay Sisay Misganaw, Awoke Misganaw, Sanjeev Misra, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Mokhtar Mohammadi, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Shafiu Mohammed, Syam Mohan, Mohammad Mohseni, Ali H Mokdad, Sara Momtazmanesh, Lorenzo Monasta, Catrin E Moore, Maryam Moradi, Mostafa Moradi Sarabi, Shane Douglas Morrison, Majid Motaghinejad, Haleh Mousavi Isfahani, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Seyed Ali Mousavi-Aghdas, Sumaira Mubarik, Francesk Mulita, Getaneh Baye B Mulu, Sandra B Munro, Saravanan Muthupandian, Tapas Sadasivan Nair, Atta Abbas Naqvi, Himanshi Narang, Zuhair S Natto, Muhammad Naveed, Biswa Prakash Nayak, Shumaila Naz, Ionut Negoi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Che Henry Ngwa, Robina Khan Niazi, Antonio Tolentino Nogueira de Sá, Nafise Noroozi, Hasti Nouraei, Ali Nowroozi, Virginia Nuñez-Samudio, Jerry John Nutor, Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam, Bogdan Oancea, Rahman Md Obaidur, Vivek Anand Ojha, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Osaretin Christabel Okonji, Andrew T Olagunju, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Ahmed Omar Bali, Emad Omer, Nikita Otstavnov, Bilcha Oumer, Mahesh P A, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Keyvan Pakshir, Tamás Palicz, Adrian Pana, Shahina Pardhan, Jose L Paredes, Utsav Parekh, Eun-Cheol Park, Seoyeon Park, Ashish Pathak, Rajan Paudel, Uttam Paudel, Shrikant Pawar, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, Minjin Peng, Umberto Pensato, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Marcos Pereira, Mario F P Peres, Norberto Perico, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Zahra Zahid Piracha, Indrashis Podder, Nayanum Pokhrel, Ramesh Poluru, Maarten J Postma, Naeimeh Pourtaheri, Akila Prashant, Ibrahim Qattea, Mohammad Rabiee, Navid Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Saber Raeghi, Sima Rafiei, Pankaja Raghav Raghav, Leila Rahbarnia, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mosiur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Vahid Rahmanian, Pradhum Ram, Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz Ranjha, Sowmya J Rao, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Azad Rasul, Zubair Ahmed Ratan, Salman Rawaf, Reza Rawassizadeh, Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan, Misganu Teshoma Regasa, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Melese Abate Reta, Nazila Rezaei, Aziz Rezapour, Abanoub Riad, Rezaul Karim Ripon, Kristina E Rudd, Basema Saddik, Saeid Sadeghian, Umar Saeed, Mohsen Safaei, Azam Safary, Sher Zaman Safi, Maryam Sahebazzamani, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Harihar Sahoo, Saina Salahi, Sarvenaz Salahi, Hedayat Salari, Sana Salehi, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Abdallah M Samy, Nima Sanadgol, Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Francesco Sanmarchi, Brijesh Sathian, Monika Sawhney, Ganesh Kumar Saya, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Allen Seylani, Pritik A Shah, Masood Ali Shaikh, Elaheh Shaker, Murad Ziyaudinovich Shakhmardanov, Mequannent Melaku Sharew, Athena Sharifi-Razavi, Purva Sharma, Rahim Ali Sheikhi, Ali Sheikhy, Pavanchand H Shetty, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski, K M Shivakumar, Parnian Shobeiri, Seyed Afshin Shorofi, Sunil Shrestha, Migbar Mekonnen Sibhat, Negussie Boti Sidemo, Mustafa Kamal Sikder, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva, Jasvinder A Singh, Paramdeep Singh, Surjit Singh, Md Shahjahan Siraj, Samarjeet Singh Siwal, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Bogdan Socea, Damtew Damtew Solomon, Yimeng Song, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Muhammad Suleman, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Saima Sultana, Miklós Szócska, Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh, Mohammad Tabish, Majid Taheri, Elahe Taki, Ker-Kan Tan, Sarmila Tandukar, Nathan Y Tat, Vivian Y Tat, Belay Negash Tefera, Yibekal Manaye Tefera, Gebremaryam Temesgen, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Samar Tharwat, Arulmani Thiyagarajan, Imad I Tleyjeh, Christopher E Troeger, Krishna Kishore Umapathi, Era Upadhyay, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Pascual R Valdez, Jef Van den Eynde, H. Rogier van Doorn, Siavash Vaziri, Georgios-Ioannis Verras, Harimadhav Viswanathan, Bay Vo, Abdul Waris, Gizachew Tadesse Wassie, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Sajad Yaghoubi, Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Arzu Yigit, Vahit Yiğit, Dong Keon Yon, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mazyar Zahir, Burhan Abdullah Zaman, Sojib Bin Zaman, Moein Zangiabadian, Iman Zare, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Peng Zheng, Chenwen Zhong, Mohammad Zoladl, Alimuddin Zumla, Simon I Hay, Christiane Dolecek, Benn Sartorius, Christopher J L Murray, Mohsen Naghavi, Ikuta, Kevin S, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Robles Aguilar, Gisela, Sharara, Fablina, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Gray, Authia P, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Wool, Eve E, Han, Chieh, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abebe, Getachew, Abedi, Aidin, Abhari, Amir Parsa, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adane, Tigist Demssew, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Aghdam, Zahra Babaei, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Rizwan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Jivan Qasim, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fare, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Aldeyab, Mamoon A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Alizadeh, Atiyeh, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Allel, Kasim, Almustanyir, Sami, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Anandavelane, Nivedita, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anggraini, Dewi, Ansar, Adnan, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Aripov, Timur, Artamonov, Anton A, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asaduzzaman, Muhammad, Ashraf, Tahira, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Attia, Sameh, Ausloos, Marcel, Awoke, Tewachew, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, B, Darshan B, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Banerjee, Indrajit, Barac, Aleksandra, Bardhan, Mainak, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Baskaran, Pritish, Basu, Saurav, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Bedi, Neeraj, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bender, Rose G, Bhandari, Bharti, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bitaraf, Saeid, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cai, Jiao, Calina, Daniela, Camargos, Paulo, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cevik, Muge, Chadwick, Joshua, Charan, Jaykaran, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Ching, Patrick R, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Dadras, Omid, Dagnaw, Fentaw Teshome, Dai, Xiaochen, Das, Saswati, Dastiridou, Anna, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Demisse, Fitsum Wolde, Demissie, Solomon, Dereje, Diriba, Derese, Msganaw, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Dessalegn, Fikadu Nugusu, Dessalegni, Samuel Abebe A, Desye, Belay, Dhaduk, Kartik, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhingra, Sameer, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dodangeh, Milad, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dora, Bezabih Terefe, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Dunachie, Susanna J, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ejigu, Habtamu Bekele, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyru, El-Abid, Hassan, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Emami, Amir, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Eshrati, Babak, Etaee, Farshid, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Franci, Falahi, Shahab, Fallahzadeh, Aida, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fekadu, Ginenu, Fernandes, João C, Ferrari, Allegra, Fetensa, Getahun, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Gaal, Peter Andra, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Ghanbari, Reza, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Abdolmajid, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Goodridge, Amador, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Da, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Guta, Alemu, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haddadi Avval, Atla, Halwani, Rabih, Hanif, Asif, Hannan, Md. Abdul, Harapan, Harapan, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hoogar, Praveen, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Huang, Junjie, Hussain, Salman, Hussein, Nawfal R, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Imam, Mohammad Tarique, Immurana, Mustapha, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, J, Linda Merin, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamshidi, Elham, Javaheri, Tahereh, Javanmardi, Fatemeh, Javidnia, Javad, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jebai, Rime, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Joo, Tama, Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kacimi, Salah Eddine Oussama, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kandel, Himal, Kapoor, Neeti, Karkhah, Samad, Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Abba, Khan, Imteyaz A, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khater, Mona M, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Hanna, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kompani, Farzad, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krapp Lopez, Fiorella, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Naveen, Kurmi, Om P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lám, Judit, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Sang-woong, Lenzi, Jacopo, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Wei, Lodha, Rakesh, Loftus, Michael J, Lohiya, Ayush, Lorenzovici, László, Lotfi, Mojgan, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, Majeed, Azeem, Majidpoor, Jamal, Makki, Alaa, Mamo, Galana Ayana, Manla, Yosef, Martorell, Miquel, Matei, Clara N, McManigal, Barney, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mehrotra, Ravi, Melese, Addisu, Mendoza-Cano, Oliver, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Micha, Georgia, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Milevska Kostova, Neda, Mir, Shabir Ahmad, Mirghafourvand, Mojgan, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Misganaw, Abay Sisay, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mohseni, Mohammad, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi Sarabi, Mostafa, Morrison, Shane Dougla, Motaghinejad, Majid, Mousavi Isfahani, Haleh, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Mousavi-Aghdas, Seyed Ali, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mulita, Francesk, Mulu, Getaneh Baye B, Munro, Sandra B, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Naqvi, Atta Abba, Narang, Himanshi, Natto, Zuhair S, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Naz, Shumaila, Negoi, Ionut, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Ngwa, Che Henry, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nogueira de Sá, Antonio Tolentino, Noroozi, Nafise, Nouraei, Hasti, Nowroozi, Ali, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Nutor, Jerry John, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Obaidur, Rahman Md, Ojha, Vivek Anand, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Otstavnov, Nikita, Oumer, Bilcha, P A, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakshir, Keyvan, Palicz, Tamá, Pana, Adrian, Pardhan, Shahina, Paredes, Jose L, Parekh, Utsav, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Seoyeon, Pathak, Ashish, Paudel, Rajan, Paudel, Uttam, Pawar, Shrikant, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, Peng, Minjin, Pensato, Umberto, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Marco, Peres, Mario F P, Perico, Norberto, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Podder, Indrashi, Pokhrel, Nayanum, Poluru, Ramesh, Postma, Maarten J, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Prashant, Akila, Qattea, Ibrahim, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Raeghi, Saber, Rafiei, Sima, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Rahbarnia, Leila, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Vahid, Ram, Pradhum, Ranjha, Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasul, Azad, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Regasa, Misganu Teshoma, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezapour, Aziz, Riad, Abanoub, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Rudd, Kristina E, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghian, Saeid, Saeed, Umar, Safaei, Mohsen, Safary, Azam, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Salahi, Saina, Salahi, Sarvenaz, Salari, Hedayat, Salehi, Sana, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanadgol, Nima, Sankararaman, Senthilkumar, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shah, Pritik A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaker, Elaheh, Shakhmardanov, Murad Ziyaudinovich, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku, Sharifi-Razavi, Athena, Sharma, Purva, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Sheikhy, Ali, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin, Shivakumar, K M, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Sikder, Mustafa Kamal, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigue, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Siwal, Samarjeet Singh, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Socea, Bogdan, Solomon, Damtew Damtew, Song, Yimeng, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Saima, Szócska, Mikló, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabish, Mohammad, Taheri, Majid, Taki, Elahe, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tandukar, Sarmila, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tefera, Belay Negash, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temesgen, Gebremaryam, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tharwat, Samar, Thiyagarajan, Arulmani, Tleyjeh, Imad I, Troeger, Christopher E, Umapathi, Krishna Kishore, Upadhyay, Era, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Van den Eynde, Jef, van Doorn, H. Rogier, Vaziri, Siavash, Verras, Georgios-Ioanni, Viswanathan, Harimadhav, Vo, Bay, Waris, Abdul, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahya, Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yigit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zahir, Mazyar, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zare, Iman, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zheng, Peng, Zhong, Chenwen, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Hay, Simon I, Dolecek, Christiane, Sartorius, Benn, Murray, Christopher J L, and Naghavi, Mohsen

Subjects
Male, Bacteria, Syndrome, Bacterial Infections, General Medicine, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, Risk Factors, Sepsis, Humans, Female, Mortality, Child, Africa South of the Sahara
Abstract

Background: Reducing the burden of death due to infection is an urgent global public health priority. Previous studies have estimated the number of deaths associated with drug-resistant infections and sepsis and found that infections remain a leading cause of death globally. Understanding the global burden of common bacterial pathogens (both susceptible and resistant to antimicrobials) is essential to identify the greatest threats to public health. To our knowledge, this is the first study to present global comprehensive estimates of deaths associated with 33 bacterial pathogens across 11 major infectious syndromes. Methods: We estimated deaths associated with 33 bacterial genera or species across 11 infectious syndromes in 2019 using methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, in addition to a subset of the input data described in the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance 2019 study. This study included 343 million individual records or isolates covering 11 361 study-location-years. We used three modelling steps to estimate the number of deaths associated with each pathogen: deaths in which infection had a role, the fraction of deaths due to infection that are attributable to a given infectious syndrome, and the fraction of deaths due to an infectious syndrome that are attributable to a given pathogen. Estimates were produced for all ages and for males and females across 204 countries and territories in 2019. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were calculated for final estimates of deaths and infections associated with the 33 bacterial pathogens following standard GBD methods by taking the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles across 1000 posterior draws for each quantity of interest. Findings: From an estimated 13·7 million (95% UI 10·9–17·1) infection-related deaths in 2019, there were 7·7 million deaths (5·7–10·2) associated with the 33 bacterial pathogens (both resistant and susceptible to antimicrobials) across the 11 infectious syndromes estimated in this study. We estimated deaths associated with the 33 bacterial pathogens to comprise 13·6% (10·2–18·1) of all global deaths and 56·2% (52·1–60·1) of all sepsis-related deaths in 2019. Five leading pathogens—Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa—were responsible for 54·9% (52·9–56·9) of deaths among the investigated bacteria. The deadliest infectious syndromes and pathogens varied by location and age. The age-standardised mortality rate associated with these bacterial pathogens was highest in the sub-Saharan Africa super-region, with 230 deaths (185–285) per 100 000 population, and lowest in the high-income super-region, with 52·2 deaths (37·4–71·5) per 100 000 population. S aureus was the leading bacterial cause of death in 135 countries and was also associated with the most deaths in individuals older than 15 years, globally. Among children younger than 5 years, S pneumoniae was the pathogen associated with the most deaths. In 2019, more than 6 million deaths occurred as a result of three bacterial infectious syndromes, with lower respiratory infections and bloodstream infections each causing more than 2 million deaths and peritoneal and intra-abdominal infections causing more than 1 million deaths. Interpretation: The 33 bacterial pathogens that we investigated in this study are a substantial source of health loss globally, with considerable variation in their distribution across infectious syndromes and locations. Compared with GBD Level 3 underlying causes of death, deaths associated with these bacteria would rank as the second leading cause of death globally in 2019; hence, they should be considered an urgent priority for intervention within the global health community. Strategies to address the burden of bacterial infections include infection prevention, optimised use of antibiotics, improved capacity for microbiological analysis, vaccine development, and improved and more pervasive use of available vaccines. These estimates can be used to help set priorities for vaccine need, demand, and development. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, and Department of Health and Social Care, using UK aid funding managed by the Fleming Fund.

Published
2022

42. Predictive Validity of the qSOFA Score for Sepsis in Adults with Community-Onset Staphylococcal Infection in Thailand

Author

Ploenchan Chetchotisakd, Kristina E. Rudd, Pornpan Suntornsut, T.E. West, Derek C. Angus, Sharon J. Peacock, Sarunporn Tandhavanant, Supaksh Gupta, Narisara Chantratita, Gupta, Supaksh [0000-0001-9431-5326], Rudd, Kristina E [0000-0002-6695-8401], Angus, Derek C [0000-0002-7026-5181], West, Timothy Eoin [0000-0001-5503-7204], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Predictive validity, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus, Population, lcsh:Medicine, Logistic regression, Article, Sepsis, sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, sequential organ failure assessment scores, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, education, Community onset, education.field_of_study, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, lcsh:R, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Thailand, 3. Good health, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Cohort, business
Abstract

The quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score has had limited validation in lower resource settings and was developed using data from high-income countries. We sought to evaluate the predictive validity of the qSOFA score for sepsis within a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) population with culture-proven staphylococcal infection. This was a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort in Thailand with culture-positive infection due to Staphylococcus aureus or S. argenteus within 24 h of admission and positive (&ge, 2/4) systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria. Primary exposure was maximum qSOFA score within 48 h of culture collection and primary outcome was mortality at 28 days. Baseline risk of mortality was determined using a multivariable logistic regression model with age, gender, and co-morbidities significantly associated with the outcome. Predictive validity was assessed by discrimination of mortality using area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve compared to a model using baseline risk factors alone. Of 253 patients (mean age 54 years (SD 16)) included in the analysis, 23 (9.1%) died by 28 days after enrollment. Of those who died, 0 (0%) had a qSOFA score of 0, 8 (35%) had a score of 1, and 15 (65%) had a score &ge, 2. The AUROC of qSOFA plus baseline risk was significantly greater than for the baseline risk model alone (AUROCqSOFA = 0.80 (95% CI, 0.70&ndash, 0.89), AUROCbaseline = 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49&ndash, 0.75), p &lt, 0.001). Among adults admitted to four Thai hospitals with community-onset coagulase-positive staphylococcal infection and SIRS, the qSOFA score had good predictive validity for sepsis.

Published
2019
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