Search

Your search keyword '"Røed, Knut"' showing total 438 results
Start Over Author "Røed, Knut" Search Limiters Available in Library Collection
438 results on '"Røed, Knut"'

7. Adaptation to the High-Arctic island environment despite long-term reduced genetic variation in Svalbard reindeer

Author

Dussex, Nicolas, Tørresen, Ole K., van der Valk, Tom, Le Moullec, Mathilde, Veiberg, Vebjørn, Tooming-Klunderud, Ave, Skage, Morten, Garmann-Aarhus, Benedicte, Wood, Jonathan, Rasmussen, Jacob A., Pedersen, Åshild Ø., Martin, Sarah L.F., Røed, Knut H., Jakobsen, Kjetill S., Dalén, Love, Hansen, Brage B., and Martin, Michael D.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Resequencing of reindeer genomes provides clues to their docile habits.

Author

Wu, Baosheng, Ren, Qingmiao, Yan, Xiaoting, Zhao, Fei, Qin, Tao, Xin, Peidong, Cui, Xinxin, Wang, Kun, Du, Rui, Røed, Knut H, Côté, Steeve D, Yannic, Glenn, Li, Zhipeng, and Qiu, Qiang

Subjects
DOMESTICATION of animals, CERVIDAE, NERVOUS system, GENOMES, HABIT
Abstract

Reindeer have long been served as vital subsistence resources for inhabitants of Arctic and subarctic regions owing to their domestication. However, the evolutionary relationships and divergence times among different reindeer populations, genetic traits that distinguish domesticated reindeer, and factors that contribute to their relative docility compared with that of other Cervidae specie, remain unclear. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of 32 individuals from wild and domestic reindeer populations that inhabit Arctic and subarctic regions. We found that reindeer experienced 2 or more independent domestication events characterized by weak artificial selection pressure and limited significant differences in genomic parameters between wild and domestic populations. Alterations in conserved noncoding elements in the reindeer genomes, particularly those associated with nervous system development, may have contributed to their domestication by rendering the nervous system less responsive. Together, our results suggest that inherent species-specific traits, rather than intense artificial selection, may have played a significant role in the relatively docile behavior of reindeer and offer valuable insights into the domestication process of these animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. The Economics of Hypergamy

Author

Almås, Ingvild, Kotsadam, Andreas, Moen, Espen R., Røed, Knut, Almås, Ingvild, Kotsadam, Andreas, Moen, Espen R., and Røed, Knut

Abstract

Partner selection is a vital feature of human behavior with important consequences for individuals, families, and society. We use the term hypergamy to describe a phenomenon whereby there is a tendency for husbands to be of higher rank within the male earnings capacity distribution than their wives are within the female distribution. Such patterns are difficult to verify empirically because earnings are both a cause and an effect of the mating process. Using parental earnings rank as a predetermined measure of earnings capacity to solve the simultaneity problem, we show that hypergamy is an important feature of today’s mating patterns in one of the most gender-equal societies in the world, namely Norway. Through its influence on household specialization, we argue that hypergamy may explain parts of the remaining gender wage gap.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Mismatch between calf paternity and observed copulations between male and female reindeer: Multiple mating in a polygynous ungulate?

Author

Coombs, Keenin R, Weladji, Robert B, Holand, Øystein, and Røed, Knut H

Subjects
POLYGYNY, REINDEER, PATERNITY, UNGULATES, MALE infertility, CALVES
Abstract

In polygynous systems, such as that exhibited by reindeer Rangifer tarandus , mate choice can be difficult to disentangle from male intrasexual competition because male behavior may constrain female choice. Multiple mating may provide an avenue for female mate choice, though it is difficult to identify using behavioral estimators alone. Molecular techniques address this issue by affording ecologists an opportunity to reassess mating systems from a genetic perspective. We assessed the frequency and possible explanations for multiple mating in reindeer using a genetic approach to determine the success of observed copulations in a semi-domesticated herd in Kaamanen, Finland. Behavioral and genetic data were synthesized with population characteristics over a 7-year period to test the hypothesis that, if present, polyandry in reindeer is driven by sexual harassment from sub-dominant males. We observed multiple mating in 42% of females, with as many as 60% exhibiting multiple mating in certain years. We found no evidence that multiple mating resulted from sexual harassment by sub-dominant males, suggesting that it is likely a deliberate strategy among females. Conversion rate of copulations into paternities varied with male size, with smaller males more likely to experience mismatch than larger males. Female preference for larger males persisted despite the occurrence of multiple mating, possibly suggesting a mechanism for cryptic post-copulatory selection. We suggest further research to delineate the possible influence of cryptic post-copulatory selection and multiple mating to defend against infertility in exhausted males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Trends in Assortative Mating and Offspring Out-comes

Author

Bratsberg, Bernt, Markussen, Simen, Raaum, Oddbjørn, Røed, Knut, and Røgeberg, Ole

Abstract

The package contain programs required to replicate tables and figures in the paper "Trends in Assortative Mating and Offspring Outcomes". Information regarding access to the data and the way to run the replication package is provided in the readme-file.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Mismatch between calf paternity and observed copulations between male and female reindeer: multiple mating in a polygynous ungulate?

Author

Coombs, K.R., Weladji, Robert Bertrand, Holand, Øystein, and Røed, Knut

Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

In polygynous systems, such as that exhibited by reindeer Rangifer tarandus, mate choice can be difficult to disentangle from male intrasexual competition because male behavior may constrain female choice. Multiple mating may provide an avenue for female mate choice, though it is difficult to identify using behavioral estimators alone. Molecular techniques address this issue by affording ecologists an opportunity to reassess mating systems from a genetic perspective. We assessed the frequency and possible explanations for multiple mating in reindeer using a genetic approach to determine the success of observed copulations in a semi-domesticated herd in Kaamanen, Finland. Behavioral and genetic data were synthesized with population characteristics over a 7-year period to test the hypothesis that, if present, polyandry in reindeer is driven by sexual harassment from sub-dominant males. We observed multiple mating in 42% of females, with as many as 60% exhibiting multiple mating in certain years. We found no evidence that multiple mating resulted from sexual harassment by sub-dominant males, suggesting that it is likely a deliberate strategy among females. Conversion rate of copulations into paternities varied with male size, with smaller males more likely to experience mismatch than larger males. Female preference for larger males persisted despite the occurrence of multiple mating, possibly suggesting a mechanism for cryptic post-copulatory selection. We suggest further research to delineate the possible influence of cryptic post-copulatory selection and multiple mating to defend against infertility in exhausted males.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Genetic structure and origin of semi-domesticated reindeer

Author

Røed, Knut H., Kvie, Kjersti Sternang, and Bårdsen, Bård-Jørgen

Abstract

This chapter discusses the genetic variation and structure of semi-domesticated reindeer, as well as the genetic effects of the domestication process in connection with the pastoral transition from hunters to herders. The research material analysed includes data on the ancestors of the Fennoscandian semi-domesticated reindeer, as well as on genetic diversity in extant reindeer. The study provides a better understanding of when and how domestication occurred, as well as the implications for future adaptation to a changing environment.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results