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The purpose of this study was to describe the development of valid, practical, and effective learning media on Geometry materials with worksheets equipment. This research type was development research using the modified Borg & Gall procedures by several main steps, namely product analysis developed, initial product development, and product trials. The product trials carried out consisted of two stages, namely expert validation was carried out to know whether the created learning media was suitable for use or not, from the validation results it was concluded that learning media could be used with slight revisions, then small-scale trials were carried out to find out college student responses to learning media by using college student response questionnaires and conducting tests (evaluations) to obtain media effectiveness data, while the results of the development of interactive mathematics learning media are valid with scores of 3.64 and 3.36, practical with a score of 3.83 and very effective with 90% complete mastery of the material.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pertukaran sosial dalam kegiatan Julo-Julo serta fungsi pertukaran sosial dalam ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni teori resiprositas. Dari hasil yang diperoleh Julo-Julo dalam konteks pertukaran sosial di Desa Merah Pupuk, Kecamatan Atu Lintang, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah yaitu Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok untuk acara pernikahan dan hajatan merupakan Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok yang dikumpulkan oleh ketua pengurus Julo-Julo ketika anggota Julo-Julo menggelar sebuah acara pernikahan dan hajatan. Menggunakan metode Julo-Julo bahan-bahan pokok yaitu sesuai dengan kriteria, di mana kriteria tersebut adalah anggota Julo-Julo yang paling membutuhkan yaitu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan secara materil. Bentuk pertukaran yang ada pada masyarakat yaitu resiprositas sebanding dan resiprositas umum. Fungsi pertukaran dalam Julo-Julo bagi masyarakat di Desa Merah Pupuk yaitu untuk mengatasi hambatan-hambatan yang ada ketika menggelar acara pernikahan dan hajatan seperti keterbatasan modal uang, keterbatasan tenaga kerja rewang (orang yang membantu) dan keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana. Kata Kunci: resiprositas; julo-julo; pertukaran sosial. Abstract: This study aims to determine the form of social exchange in Julo-Julo activities and the function of social exchange in the economy. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used in this research is reciprocity theory. From the results obtained by Julo-Julo in the context of social exchange in Merah Pupuk Village, Atu Lintang District, Central Aceh Regency, namely Julo-Julo, basic ingredients for weddings and celebrations, Julo-Julo, basic ingredients collected by the chairman of the julo management. -julo when members of Julo-Julo hold a wedding and celebration. Using the Julo-Julo method, the basic ingredients are in accordance with the criteria, where the criteria are the Julo-Julo members who need the most, namely to meet material needs. The forms of exchange that exist in society are proportional reciprocity and general reciprocity. The function of exchange in Julo-Julo for the community in Merah Pupuk Village is to overcome the obstacles that exist when holding weddings and celebrations such as limited financial capital, limited rewang (people who help) and limited facilities and infrastructure. Keywords: reciprocity, julo-julo; social exchange.

Episodic growth and collapse of the lava dome of Merapi volcano is accompanied by significant hazards associated with material redeposition processes. Some of these hazards are preceded by over-steepening of the flanks of the dome, its destabilisation, fracturing and gravitational collapse, producing lethal pyroclastic density currents. With the emergence of unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS), these changes occurring high up at Merapi can now be monitored at unprecedented levels of detail. Here we summarise the use of UAS at Merapi to better understand the evolution of the lava dome following the 2010 eruption. Systematic UAS overflights and photogrammetric surveys were carried out in 2012, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019, allowing identification of the progression of major structures and a three-stage morphological evolution of the dome. We first highlight the significant morphological changes associated with steam-driven explosions that occurred in the period 2012–2014. A large open fissure formed and split the dome into two parts. In the years 2014–2018, hydrothermal activity dominated and progressively altered the dome rock. Lastly, in May–June 2018, a series of steam-driven explosions occurred and was followed by dome extrusion in August 2018, initially refilling the formerly open fissure. This work demonstrates the importance of reactivating pre-existing structures, and summarises the unique contribution realised by high resolution photogrammetric UAS surveys.

Studies show that in the tropical region, like Indonesia, eggs have a low shelf life, ranging from 10 to 14 days when kept at room temperature. The application of natural coating material, such as propolis, could improve the shelf life of eggs. However, due to the high cost of the material, it is necessary to find more efficient application methods. In this study, propolis extraction using aquadest as solvent was applied, by brushing and spraying, to 180 fresh eggs of local chicken (Gallus sp.) aged 24 hours with another 180 eggs, without propolis coating, designed as control. All eggs were kept in room temperature for 35 days and changes on the albumen index, yolk index, and height of air sacs were measured every 7 days. This study showed that the different application methods did not significantly affect the value of the albumen index and yolk index for each observation time, but haugh unit and height of the air cell. However, the result indicated that the application of propolis by spraying maintained egg quality for a longer time than brushing and the average shelf life of eggs sold at the local market.

Covid-19 spreads rapidly and needs to be broken off the transmission chain not to become infected in humans. An effective way of staying at home is by adopting a clean and healthy lifestyle, avoiding contact with sufferers, wearing a mask if you have to be outside the house, avoiding crowds and maintaining physical distance, coughing and sneezing etiquette. This activity aims to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19 and increase small businesses' income in making masks. This activity is carried out in several places: a nursing home in West Sumatra, an orphanage in the city of Padang, a mosque in Sungayang Batu Sangkar. Furthermore, it was also carried out at RSIA Sayang Ibu and Harapan Ibunda Hospital Batu Sangkar. The method used is community empowerment in making masks. The results of the activities obtained were: making 1000 masks by empowering the tailoring business. Meanwhile, the manufacture of face shields is carried out by health workers. Furthermore, the masks were distributed to several nursing homes in West Sumatra, orphanages in the city of Padang, mosques in Sungayang Batu Sangkar. Meanwhile, the distribution of personal protective equipment in face shields and hazmat suits was handed over to RSIA Sayang Ibu and Harapan Ibunda Hospital Batu Sangkar. The distribution of personal protective equipment also carried out an educational program about Covid-19 to the public via radio, streamed on SIPP FM. Implementing this activity can be realized by carrying out practical activities by proving that students and lecturers of the Faculty of Medicine Unand can take part even under challenging conditions during this pandemic.

Aims\ud \ud Silicon (Si) uptake and accumulation improves plant resilience to environmental stresses, but most studies examining this functional role of Si have focussed on grasses (Poaceae) and neglected other important plant groups, such as legumes (Fabaceae). Legumes have evolved a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) housed in root nodules. Our study determined the impacts of silicon (Si) supplementation on Medicago truncatula inoculated with Ensifer meliloti rhizobial strains that differed in their capacity for nitrogen fixation: Sm1021 (‘low-efficiency’) or Sm1022 (‘high-efficiency’).\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud We examined how Si and rhizobial efficacy influence nodule and plant functional traits, including their chemical aspects. These combinations were supplied with or without Si in a glasshouse experiment, where we quantified nodule flavonoids and foliar chemistry (free amino acids, soluble protein, elemental C, N and Si).\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Si supply increased nodule number per plant, specific nodule flavonoid concentrations, contents of foliar nitrogenous compounds and foliar C, but not foliar Si. We also demonstrated that rhizobial efficacy altered the magnitude of Si effects on certain traits. For example, Si significantly promoted concentrations of foliar N and soluble protein in the plants associated with the ‘low-efficiency’ strain only, and this was not the case with the ‘high-efficiency’ one.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud Collectively, our study indicates that Si generates positive effects on M. truncatula, particularly when the association with rhizobia is relatively inefficient, and may play a more prominent role in rhizobial functionality than previously thought.

The increasing of human needs for oil and natural gas caused the exploration and production are in crucial to be carried out, especially in Aceh. Since the conflict begun between Indonesian Government and GAM, exploration activities have also begun to be rarely carried out. A well of an old oil, which was operated by a Dutch company is being neglected currently. An illegal drilling carried out by the community in Rantau Peureulak area of East Aceh has proved the potential reserves of this old oil well. The gravity method can be applied in the early stages of hydrocarbon exploration to determine the location of hydrocarbon potentials based on variations in the Earth's gravitational field. Through the gravity satellite, it found the anomaly data of free air is obtained with a value range of -31.7 - 80 mGaL. Assuming the rock density in the study area is 2.67 gr / cm3, a Bouguer correction is made to obtain the gravity value by taking it into account the effect of rock mass around the measurement point. The gravity value is later going to be used to calculate the simple Bouguer anomaly value by reducing the free air anomaly value with the Bouguer correction value. The range of values resulting from the simple Bouguer anomaly in the study area ranged from - 92.6 - 51.6 mGa. Based on the results of the SRTM and Tilt Derivative overlay and geological structure showed that the research target location is a zone with a value of 1.5 mGal and there are several minor faults which are assumed to be fault lines where shallow hydrocarbons migrate to the surface. The lateral distribution of shallow hydrocarbon potential shows the presence of 4 (four) rock's layers, namely topsoil, loamy sand, muddy sand, and alluvium sediment with the distribution data of resistivity values obtained from 6 - 100 Ωm. An indication of the presence of shallow hydrocarbon fluid is found in alluvium sediment in the form of sand's layer with a resistivity value of 8 - 40 Ωm at the depth of 60 m. Analysis studies of shallow hydrocarbon potential distribution in the Rantau Pereulak area of East Aceh need to be carried out to understand the residual of potential realities from the field as a guide in determining the best scenario for field's development.

Damage to the coral reef ecosystem in the Damas Coast waters is caused by the behavior of using fishing gear that is not environmentally friendly. Based on the problem, there is a solution to lay 25 cube-shaped artificial reefs in 2017. The condition of artificial reefs that have been placed in the waters of Damas Beach within 2.5 years needs to be monitored to determine the physical characteristics of artificial reefs. Observation of physical characteristics is done visually by using the underwater photo transect method. The observation found 22 artificial reefs (AR) including physical characteristics; 15 AR is Buried by sediment; 1 AR covered by a net; 3 AR in a Tilted position and 4 AR in good condition. Three AR that was not found is considered to have disappeared or the entire structure has been buried by sediment.