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The globalisation of law is determining a more evident differentiation than in past years. The rule of law reveals Kelsen's authority. If the social norm is introduced in the values of social and political life, the globalization of law increases the instance of a global law and it produces a great emancipation of all social habits. However, the globalization of law also induces one more key aspect specified by Francesco Galgano: Kelsen's law becomes the platform of global operating system. There are programs and files that compose what Galgano clearly defines the catalogue for right shopping. The globalization of law is the triumph of the socio-political skill in the slalom between the poles of the law and to obtain the desired asset. So, how can we configure the successful construction of the concept of corruption in legal sense, in political science and in sociology? In this paper, we analyse the uncertainty space that sees the creation of that power that no system has ever recognized. We will overview go from the Enron case until the white collars described by Wright Mills or Crozier and we provide a more systemic and not merely value based conception of corruption. La mondialisation du droit détermine une différentiation fonctionnelle de la norme plus prononcée que par le passé. La norme juridique dévoile toute son autorité kelsenienne. Si la norme sociale est introduite dans les valeurs de la vie sociale et politique, la mondialisation de la loi produit une profonde émancipation de toutes les habitudes sociales. Toutefois, cette mondialisation introduit aussi un autre aspect indiqué par Francesco Galgano : la loi kelsenienne devient la plate-forme du système de fonctionnement global. Des logiciels et des fichiers composent ce que Galgano a clairement défini comme « le catalogue pour faire de bons achats ». La mondialisation de la loi est le triomphe du savoir-faire socio-politique entre les pôles de la loi et l’obtention des actifs souhaités. Comment pouvons-nous alors configurer une construction efficace du concept de corruption du point de vue juridique, sociologique et de la science politique ? Dans cet article, les auteurs analysent l’espace d’incertitude lié à la création du pouvoir qu’aucun système n’a jamais reconnu. L’article offre une vue d’ensemble à partir de l’affaire Enron jusqu’aux cols blancs décrits par Wright Mills et Crozier et apporte une approche systémique du phénomène de corruption. La globalizzazione del diritto conduce ad un processo di differenziazione funzionale della norma più marcato rispetto al passato: la norma giuridica rivela tutta la sua gelida potenza kelseniana e la sua intrinseca razionalità law & economics nel fissare standard e la norma sociale si rivela come leva ehrlichiana ribollente di costumi, passioni e valori di tipo sociale, ma anche politico. La globalizzazione del diritto porta con sé l’istanza di un diritto globale kelseniano ed isotropico ed al contempo una grande emancipazione de-regolativa dai costumi e dalle convenzioni sociali: da qui la sociologia del sistema giuridico di Luhmann che espunge l’essere umano in carne ed ossa dal sistema giuridico così come i valori, l’etica e la morale vengono considerate solo mere eruzioni di soggettività. In questo scenario, dunque, come si configura la costruzione positiva del concetto di corruzione in senso giuridico, politologico e sociologico dal caso Enron fino al più frustrato colletto bianco descritto da Wright Mills o Crozier che, in ogni spazio d’incertezza, vede la chance di crearsi un potere che nessun ordinamento gli ha mai riconosciuto?

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Cet essai se focalise sur la fonction allocative des systèmes judiciaires exercée pour attirer/rejeter des capitauxdifférents sur la base de leur propres procédures de création de règles juridiques et de lois. Cette fonction estaujourd’hui d’une importance fondamentale. En effet, le genre humain est avant tout une bifurcation évolutionniste etsystémique entre le concept heideggérien de Gegnet d’une convergence stratégique et extrêmement rapide (parexemple, la Singularité) parmi la robotique, l’informatique, les nanotechnologies et la génétique (RINGs) – qui est entrain de redessiner la vie humaine par rapport à ses styles et ses standards qualitatifs de vie et tout particulièrement auxdomaines de la santé et de l’environnement - et ce qu’on appelle le Scenario Néo-féodal (NS) proposé par ceux quipensent que le Modèle Industriel a échoué et que le seul moyen de sauver le genre humain et son environnement seraitune espèce de voyage en arrière dans le temps pour proposer de nouveau le style de vie du Moyen-âge caractérisé par lalenteur et l’austérité. Cet essai examine la littérature internationale la plus récente et la plus influente concernante lesdeux alternatives de bifurcation et avance une modification potentielle de paradigme dans l’approche systémique afin dereformuler la carte conceptuelle du changement global à travers une épistémologie systémique de la sociologie du droit.AbstractThis essay is essentially theoretical and is focused on the allocative function of the legal systems to attract/rejectdifferent capitals according to their procedures to shape norms and laws. This function of the legal systems is pivotal inour times as humankind is before a systemic and evolutionary bifurcation between the heideggerian Gegnet of astrategic, high speed convergence (i.e. Singularity) among robotics, informatics, nanotechonologies and genetics(RINGs) - which is going to reshape the human life concerning its life quality styles and standards especially regardinghealth and environment matters- and the so called Neofeudal Scenario (NS) supported by whom the Industrial Modelfailed and the only way to save humankind and its environment would be a kind of trip back to a Medioeval life styleinspired by slowness and austerity.This essay provides an overview of the most important and recent international references about the two alternatives ofthe bifurcation and describes a potential paradigm shift inside the systemic approach to reframe the conceptual map ofglobal change through a systemic epistemology of the sociology of law.

Copyright of Rivista di Criminologia, Vittimologia e Sicurezza is the property of Societa Italiana di Vittimologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Estudos Politicos is the property of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Revista Brasileira de Estudos Politicos) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Previous research regarding PhD students' well-being (PhD-WB) has lacked a comprehensive and systemic analysis. This research engages with a systems approach to examine the multiple variables, including feedback mechanisms, which influence PhD-WB over time. The model was developed using a structural analysis method (Cross-impact analysis MICMAC) that informed a causal loop diagram (CLD). The aim was to understand what promotes (drivers) and inhibits (barriers) PhD students' well-being. The results show that PhD students' well-being reflects an interplay between university, financial support, students' mental and physical health, and family/friends. However, the analysis shows that the role of the drivers is dynamic, and they can become barriers in certain circumstances. This insight validates the application of systems thinking to illustrate the complexity of PhD students' well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]