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3. Calculating Load and Intensity Using Muscle Oxygen Saturation Data.

Author

Vasquez-Bonilla, Aldo, Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo, Gómez-Carmona, Carlos D., Olcina, Guillermo, Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge, and Rojas-Valverde, Daniel

Subjects
OXYGEN saturation, EXERCISE physiology, TIME trials, BAYESIAN analysis, HEART beat
Abstract

The study aimed to calculate training intensity and load using muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) during two differentiated physical tasks. 29 university athletes participated in a 40-m Maximal Shuttle Run Test (MST, 10 × 40-m with 30 s recovery between sprints) and a 3000-m time trial run. Distance and time were used to calculate external load (EL). Internal load indicators were calculated based on percentage of maximum heart rate (%HRMAX) and SmO2 variables: muscle oxygen extraction (∇%SmO2) and the cardio-muscle oxygen index (CMOI) was also provided by relating ∇%SmO2 ÷ %HRMAX, and the training load were calculated as the product of speed (m/min × IL) and the efficiency index [Effindex (m/min ÷ IL)]. A student t test was applied based on Bayesian factor analysis. As expected, EL differed in the 40-m MST (331 ± 22.8) vs. 3000-m trials (222 ± 56.8) [BF10 = 6.25e+6; p = <0.001]. Likewise, IL showed higher values in 40-m MST (39.20 ± 15.44) vs. 3000-m (30.51 ± 8.67) in CMOI: [BF10 = 1.70; p = 0.039]. Training load was greater in 40-m MST (85.77 ± 27.40) vs. 3000-m (15.55 ± 6.77) [(m/min × ∇%SmO2): BF10 = 12.5; p = 0.003] and 40-m MST (129.27 ± 49.44) vs. 3000-m (70.63 ± 32.98) [(m/min × CMOI): BF10 = 169.6; p = <0.001]. Also, the Effindex was higher in 40-m MST (10.19 ± 4.17) vs. 3000-m (6.06 ± 2.21) [(m/min × ∇%SmO2): BF10 = 137.03; p = <0.001] and 40-m MST (9.69 ± 4.11) vs. 3000-m (7.55 ± 1.87) [(m/min × CMOI): BF10 = 1.86; p = 0.035]. This study demonstrates calculations of training intensity and load based on SmO2 as an internal load indicator along with speed as an external load indicator during two differentiated exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Professional and Personal Experience through Lifelong Learning and Regular Sport (PROPELLERS)—A Study Protocol

Author

Carlos-Vivas, Jorge, primary, Timón, Rafael, additional, Adsuar, José Carmelo, additional, Pirina, Maria Grazia, additional, Solinas, Roberto, additional, Amin, Shirin, additional, Amin, Didar, additional, Dochevska, Yoanna, additional, Zdravkov, Ivaylo, additional, Bradic, Slavisa, additional, Hatzigeorgiadis, Antonis, additional, Biskup, Barbara, additional, Braun, Michal, additional, and Olcina, Guillermo J., additional

Published
2022
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10. Inter-set rest configuration effect on acute physiological and performance-related responses to a resistance training session in terrestrial vs simulated hypoxia

Author

Benavente, Cristina, primary, Feriche, Belén, additional, Olcina, Guillermo, additional, Schoenfeld, Brad J., additional, Camacho-Cardenosa, Alba, additional, Almeida, Filipa, additional, Martínez-Guardado, Ismael, additional, Timon, Rafael, additional, and Padial, Paulino, additional

Published
2022
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20. Measurement of resting muscle oxygenation and the relationship with countermovement jumps and body composition in soccer players

Author

Vasquez Bonilla, Aldo, Brazo Sayavera, Javier, Timón, Rafael, and Olcina, Guillermo

Subjects
NIRS, Rendimiento, Potencia de salto, Performance, Preseason, Pretemporada, Jumping power
Abstract

The measurement of resting muscle oxygenation capa city is under investigation in team sports. The aim of the current study was to observe the changes after a preseason, in muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) at rest and the relationship with body composition and jump power in soccer players. 17 soccer players (age 21.8 ± 2.2 years) were enrolled. Body composition, somatotype, countermovement jump (CMJ) and single-leg countermovement jump (SLCMJ) were evaluated. Also, SmO2 at rest in the gastrocnemius muscle using the technique of arterial occlusion in the dominant leg and non-dominant leg was performed. All measurements were made before and after the preseason. The t-student test, Pearson’s correlation and inter-individual response of the subject’s statistic were applied to measure the magnitudes of change and the effect size. An inverse relationship was observed between SmO2 at the initial-occlusion (r= -0.82), final-occlusion (r= -0.79) and SmO2 recovery (r= -0.82) with the SLCMJ power. A moderate relationship was also observed between oxygen consumption and fat mass (r= 0.64). The measurement of SmO2 at rest can be considered as a possible performance parameter because it has determined its relationship with the ability to produce strength and jumping power in soccer players La medición de la capacidad de oxigenación del músculo en reposo está bajo investigación en los deportes de equipo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue observar los cambios, después de una pretemporada, en la saturación de oxígeno muscular (SmO2) en reposo y la relación con la composición corporal y la potencia de salto en los jugadores de fútbol. Participaron 17 jugadores de fútbol (edad 21.8 ± 2.2 años). Se evaluó la composición corporal, el somatotipo, el salto de contramovimiento (CMJ) y el salto de contramovimiento de una sola pierna (SLCMJ). Simultáneamente, se midió la SmO2 en reposo en el músculo gastrocnemio utilizando la técnica de oclusión arterial en la pierna dominante y no dominante. Todas las mediciones se realizaron antes y después de la pretemporada. Se aplico la prueba t-student, la correlación de Pearson y la estadística de respuesta inter-individual de los sujetos para medir las magnitudes de cambio y el tamaño del efecto. Se observó una relación inversa entre SmO2 en la oclusión inicial (r= -0.82), la oclusión final (r= -0.79) y la recuperación de SmO2 (r= -0.82) con la potencia SLCMJ. También se observó una relación moderada entre el consumo de oxígeno y la masa grasa (r=0.64). La medición de SmO2 en reposo se puede considerar como un posible parámetro de rendimiento, porque se identificó su relación con la capacidad de producir fuerza y potencia de salto en jugadores de fútbo Actividad Física y Deporte

Published
2021

23. Six-months CrossFit training improves metabolic efficiency in young trained men

Author

Timón, Rafael, Camacho Cardeño, Marta, Guerrero Flores, Samantha, Olcina, Guillermo, Marcos Serrano, Marta, and Camacho Cardeñosa, Alba

Subjects
CrossFit, Condición física, Daño muscular, Muscle damage, Alta intensidad, Composición corporal, Body composition, Physical performance, High-intensity
Abstract

The objective was to analyse the effects of 6 months’ CrossFit on physical performance, metabolic efficiency, body composition, and biochemical parameters. Ten trained CrossFit practitioners were assessed before and after CrossFit training. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters and physical performance pa-rameters were assessed with functional and incremen-tal tests. After 6 months of CrossFit, fat oxidation rate and energy percentage obtained from fat significantly increased (+221.43%; p=.043 and +222.39%; p=.043 respectively) with a concomitant decrease in carbo-hydrate oxidation rate and use of carbohydrates in maximal values (-47.35%; p=.043 and -34.41%; p=.043, respectively). In the maximal fat oxidation zone, maxi-mal oxygen uptake increased (+20.3%; p=.043). Fat oxi-dation rate significantly increased with a concomitant decrease in carbohydrate oxidation rate (+62.75% vs -27.67%; p=.043). Lactate dehydrogenase values increa-sed significantly (+27.13%; p= .043). In conclusion, 6 months of CrossFit improves the metabolic efficiency of the fat oxidation zone, without muscle damage El objetivo del estudio fue examinar los efectos de un período de entrenamiento de 6 meses de CrossFit sobre el rendimiento físico, eficiencia metabólica, composición corporal y parámetros bioquímicos. Diez practicantes habituales de CrossFit fueron evaluados antes y después de 6 meses de entrenamiento. Medidas antropométricas, sanguíneas y parámetros de rendimientos fueron medidos a través de test funcionales y un test incremental. Tras seis meses de CrossFit, el ratio de oxidación y porcentaje de energía de grasa obtenido se incrementó significativamente (+221.43%; p=.043 and +222.39%; p=.043 respectivamente) en detrimento de los valores de hidratos de carbono en valores máximos (-47.35%; p=.043 and -34.41%; p=.043 respectivamente). En la zona de máxima oxidación de grasa, el volumen de oxígeno máximo incrementó (+20.3%; p=.043). El ratio de oxidación de grasa aumentó significativamente en detrimento del ratio de carbohidratos (+62.75% vs -27.67%; p=.043). Los valores de lactato deshidrogrenasa incrementaron significativamente (+27.13%; p= .043). En conclusión, seis meses de CrossFit mejora la eficiencia metabólica en cuanto al ratio de oxidación de grasa, sin conllevar daños musculares Actividad Física y Deporte

Published
2020

37. Measurement of resting muscle oxygenation and the relationship with countermovement jumps and body composition in soccer players.

Author

Vasquez-Bonilla, Aldo A., Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Timón, Rafael, and Olcina, Guillermo

Subjects
SOCCER players, BODY composition, SKELETAL muscle, TEAM sports, PEARSON correlation (Statistics)
Abstract

Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021
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46. Six-months CrossFit training improves metabolic efficiency in young trained men.

Author

Camacho-Cardeñosa, Alba, Timón, Rafael, Camacho-Cardeñosa, Marta, Guerrero-Flores, Samantha, Olcina, Guillermo, and Marcos-Serrano, Marta

Subjects
PHYSICAL training & conditioning, BODY composition, METABOLISM, MEN'S health, OXIDATION, LACTATE dehydrogenase, MUSCLE injuries
Abstract

Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020
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