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1. Germline copy number variants and endometrial cancer risk

Author

Stylianou, Cassie E., Wiggins, George A. R., Lau, Vanessa L., Dennis, Joe, Shelling, Andrew N., Wilson, Michelle, Sykes, Peter, Amant, Frederic, Annibali, Daniela, De Wispelaere, Wout, Easton, Douglas F., Fasching, Peter A., Glubb, Dylan M., Goode, Ellen L., Lambrechts, Diether, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Scott, Rodney J., Tham, Emma, Tomlinson, Ian, Bolla, Manjeet K., Couch, Fergus J., Czene, Kamila, Dörk, Thilo, Dunning, Alison M., Fletcher, Olivia, García-Closas, Montserrat, Hoppe, Reiner, Jernström, Helena, Kaaks, Rudolf, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Obi, Nadia, Southey, Melissa C., Stone, Jennifer, Wang, Qin, Spurdle, Amanda B., O’Mara, Tracy A., Pearson, John, and Walker, Logan C.

Published
2024
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3. Genome-wide analyses characterize shared heritability among cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility regions

Author

Lindström, Sara, Wang, Lu, Feng, Helian, Majumdar, Arunabha, Huo, Sijia, Macdonald, James, Harrison, Tabitha, Turman, Constance, Chen, Hongjie, Mancuso, Nicholas, Bammler, Theo, Consortium, Breast Cancer Association, Gallinger, Steve, Gruber, Stephen B, Gunter, Marc J, Le Marchand, Loic, Moreno, Victor, Offit, Kenneth, Study, Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study Colon Cancer Family Registry, De Vivo, Immaculata, O’Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Tomlinson, Ian, Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association, Fitzgerald, Rebecca, Gharahkhani, Puya, Gockel, Ines, Jankowski, Janusz, Macgregor, Stuart, Schumacher, Johannes, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard S, Jenkins, Robert B, Melin, Beatrice, Wrensch, Margaret, Brennan, Paul, Christiani, David C, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Aldrich, Melinda C, Amos, Christopher I, Landi, Maria Teresa, Tardon, Adonina, Consortium, International Lung Cancer, Bishop, D Timothy, Demenais, Florence, Goldstein, Alisa M, Iles, Mark M, Kanetsky, Peter A, Law, Matthew H, Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Wolpin, Brian M, Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort, Klein, Alison, Petersen, Gloria, Risch, Harvey, Consortium, The PRACTICAL Consortium Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control, Chanock, Stephen J, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Pharoah, Paul, Kar, Siddhartha, Hung, Rayjean J, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, and Kraft, Peter

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Human Genome, Genetics, Digestive Diseases, Prevention, Clinical Research, Urologic Diseases, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Male, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Transcriptome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study (CORECT), Colon Cancer Family Registry Study (CCFR), Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (Panc4), The PRACTICAL Consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundThe shared inherited genetic contribution to risk of different cancers is not fully known. In this study, we leverage results from 12 cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to quantify pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility loci.MethodsWe collected GWAS summary statistics for 12 solid cancers based on 376 759 participants with cancer and 532 864 participants without cancer of European ancestry. The included cancer types were breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancers. We conducted cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies to discover novel cancer susceptibility loci. Finally, we assessed the extent of variant-specific pleiotropy among cancers at known and newly identified cancer susceptibility loci.ResultsWe observed widespread but modest genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers. In cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified 15 novel cancer susceptibility loci. Additionally, we identified multiple variants at 77 distinct loci with strong evidence of being associated with at least 2 cancer types by testing for pleiotropy at known cancer susceptibility loci.ConclusionsOverall, these results suggest that some genetic risk variants are shared among cancers, though much of cancer heritability is cancer-specific and thus tissue-specific. The increase in statistical power associated with larger sample sizes in cross-disease analysis allows for the identification of novel susceptibility regions. Future studies incorporating data on multiple cancer types are likely to identify additional regions associated with the risk of multiple cancer types.

Published
2023

4. Circulating inflammatory and immune response proteins and endometrial cancer risk: a nested case-control study and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Wang, Sabrina E., Viallon, Vivian, Lee, Matthew, Dimou, Niki, Hamilton, Fergus, Biessy, Carine, O'Mara, Tracy, Kyrgiou, Maria, Crosbie, Emma J., Truong, Therese, Severi, Gianluca, Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renée Turzanski, Schulze, Matthias B., Bendinelli, Benedetta, Sabina, Sieri, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Panico, Salvatore, Crous-Bou, Marta, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Aizpurua, Amaia, Palacios, Daniel Rodriguez, Guevara, Marcela, Travis, Ruth C., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Heath, Alicia, Yarmolinsky, James, Rinaldi, Sabina, Gunter, Marc J., and Dossus, Laure

Published
2024
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5. Identification of a Locus Near ULK1 Associated With Progression-Free Survival in Ovarian Cancer

Author

Quinn, Michael CJ, McCue, Karen, Shi, Wei, Johnatty, Sharon E, Beesley, Jonathan, Civitarese, Andrew, O'Mara, Tracy A, Glubb, Dylan M, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Armasu, Sebastian M, Ong, Jue-Sheng, Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Gao, Bo, Patch, Ann-Marie, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Garcia, Maria J, Goodman, Marc T, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, du Bois, Andreas, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Bauman, Klaus, Group, for the AGO Study, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Cunningham, Julie M, Larson, Melissa C, McCauley, Bryan M, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Bjorge, Line, Webb, Penelope M, Group, for the OPAL Study, Friedlander, Michael, Pejovic, Tanja, Moffitt, Melissa, Glasspool, Rosalind, May, Taymaa, Ene, Gabrielle EV, Huntsman, David G, Woo, Michelle, Carney, Michael E, Hinsley, Samantha, Heitz, Florian, Fereday, Sian, Kennedy, Catherine J, Edwards, Stacey L, Winham, Stacey J, deFazio, Anna, Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Pharoah, Paul DP, Goode, Ellen L, MacGregor, Stuart, and Chenevix-Trench, Georgia

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prevention, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Gene Knockout Techniques, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Progression-Free Survival, AGO Study Group, OPAL Study Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundMany loci have been found to be associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, although there is considerable variation in progression-free survival (PFS), no loci have been found to be associated with outcome at genome-wide levels of significance.MethodsWe carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PFS in 2,352 women with EOC who had undergone cytoreductive surgery and standard carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy.ResultsWe found seven SNPs at 12q24.33 associated with PFS (P < 5 × 10-8), the top SNP being rs10794418 (HR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34; P = 1.47 × 10-8). High expression of a nearby gene, ULK1, is associated with shorter PFS in EOC, and with poor prognosis in other cancers. SNP rs10794418 is also associated with expression of ULK1 in ovarian tumors, with the allele associated with shorter PFS being associated with higher expression, and chromatin interactions were detected between the ULK1 promoter and associated SNPs in serous and endometrioid EOC cell lines. ULK1 knockout ovarian cancer cell lines showed significantly increased sensitivity to carboplatin in vitro.ConclusionsThe locus at 12q24.33 represents one of the first genome-wide significant loci for survival for any cancer. ULK1 is a plausible candidate for the target of this association.ImpactThis finding provides insight into genetic markers associated with EOC outcome and potential treatment options.See related commentary by Peres and Monteiro, p. 1604.

Published
2021

6. Author Correction: A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Author

Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hollestelle, Antoinette, and Hopper, John L

Subjects
GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Cancer
Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23162-4.

Published
2021

7. A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Author

Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heiko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hollestelle, Antoinette, and Hopper, John L

Subjects
GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Risk Factors, Genotype, Linkage Disequilibrium, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Quantitative Trait Loci, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Breast Cancer, Prevention, Cancer, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P

Published
2021

8. Assessment of polygenic architecture and risk prediction based on common variants across fourteen cancers.

Author

Zhang, Yan Dora, Hurson, Amber N, Zhang, Haoyu, Choudhury, Parichoy Pal, Easton, Douglas F, Milne, Roger L, Simard, Jacques, Hall, Per, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Gharahkhani, Puya, Whiteman, David, Campbell, Peter T, Hoffmeister, Michael, Jenkins, Mark, Peters, Ulrike, Hsu, Li, Gruber, Stephen B, Casey, Graham, Schmit, Stephanie L, O'Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, Tomlinson, Ian, De Vivo, Immaculata, Landi, Maria Teresa, Law, Matthew H, Iles, Mark M, Demenais, Florence, Kumar, Rajiv, MacGregor, Stuart, Bishop, D Timothy, Ward, Sarah V, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard, Wiencke, John K, Melin, Beatrice, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Kinnersley, Ben, Wrensch, Margaret R, Amos, Christopher I, Hung, Rayjean J, Brennan, Paul, McKay, James, Caporaso, Neil E, Berndt, Sonja I, Birmann, Brenda M, Camp, Nicola J, Kraft, Peter, Rothman, Nathaniel, Slager, Susan L, Berchuck, Andrew, Pharoah, Paul DP, Sellers, Thomas A, Gayther, Simon A, Pearce, Celeste L, Goode, Ellen L, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Moysich, Kirsten B, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Jacobs, Eric J, Klein, Alison P, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachel Z, Wolpin, Brian M, Li, Donghui, Eeles, Rosalind A, Haiman, Christopher A, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Dalgaard, Marlene D, Greene, Mark H, Grotmol, Tom, Kanetsky, Peter A, McGlynn, Katherine A, Nathanson, Katherine L, Turnbull, Clare, Wiklund, Fredrik, Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON), Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR), Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer (CORECT), Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium (ECAC), Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), Melanoma Genetics Consortium (GenoMEL), Glioma International Case-Control Study (GICC), International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Consortium, International Consortium of Investigators Working on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies (InterLymph), Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), Oral Cancer GWAS, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4), Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan), and Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome (PRACTICAL)

Subjects
Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium, Colon Cancer Family Registry, Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Melanoma Genetics Consortium, Glioma International Case-Control Study, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Consortium, International Consortium of Investigators Working on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Oral Cancer GWAS, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome, Renal Cancer GWAS, Testicular Cancer Consortium, Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Incidence, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Models, Genetic, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human Genome, Prevention, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to the identification of hundreds of susceptibility loci across cancers, but the impact of further studies remains uncertain. Here we analyse summary-level data from GWAS of European ancestry across fourteen cancer sites to estimate the number of common susceptibility variants (polygenicity) and underlying effect-size distribution. All cancers show a high degree of polygenicity, involving at a minimum of thousands of loci. We project that sample sizes required to explain 80% of GWAS heritability vary from 60,000 cases for testicular to over 1,000,000 cases for lung cancer. The maximum relative risk achievable for subjects at the 99th risk percentile of underlying polygenic risk scores (PRS), compared to average risk, ranges from 12 for testicular to 2.5 for ovarian cancer. We show that PRS have potential for risk stratification for cancers of breast, colon and prostate, but less so for others because of modest heritability and lower incidence.

Published
2020

9. Genome-wide association study identifies 32 novel breast cancer susceptibility loci from overall and subtype-specific analyses.

Author

Zhang, Haoyu, Ahearn, Thomas U, Lecarpentier, Julie, Barnes, Daniel, Beesley, Jonathan, Qi, Guanghao, Jiang, Xia, O'Mara, Tracy A, Zhao, Ni, Bolla, Manjeet K, Dunning, Alison M, Dennis, Joe, Wang, Qin, Ful, Zumuruda Abu, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Auer, Paul L, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bialkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Ana, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Bondavalli, Davide, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Broeks, Annegien, Brucker, Sara Y, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Byers, Helen, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Calvello, Mariarosaria, Campa, Daniele, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Christiaens, Melissa, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Foretova, Lenka, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Gronwald, Jacek, Guénel, Pascal, Häberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Hake, Christopher R, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harkness, Elaine F, Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette AM, and Hillemanns, Peter

Subjects
kConFab Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, EMBRACE Study, GEMO Study Collaborators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, BRCA1 Protein, Case-Control Studies, Linkage Disequilibrium, Mutation, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Human Genome, Cancer, Prevention, Genetics, Breast Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Developmental Biology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Breast cancer susceptibility variants frequently show heterogeneity in associations by tumor subtype1-3. To identify novel loci, we performed a genome-wide association study including 133,384 breast cancer cases and 113,789 controls, plus 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer) of European ancestry, using both standard and novel methodologies that account for underlying tumor heterogeneity by estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and tumor grade. We identified 32 novel susceptibility loci (P

Published
2020

16. Analyses of germline variants associated with ovarian cancer survival identify functional candidates at the 1q22 and 19p12 outcome loci

Author

Glubb, Dylan M, Johnatty, Sharon E, Quinn, Michael CJ, O’Mara, Tracy A, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Gao, Bo, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Velez Edwards, Digna R, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Garcia, Maria J, Goodman, Marc T, Thompson, Pamela J, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Modungo, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, Heitz, Florian, du Bois, Andreas, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Hillemanns, Peter, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Goode, Ellen L, Cunningham, Julie M, Winham, Stacey J, Larson, Melissa C, McCauley, Bryan M, Kjær, Susanne Krüger, Jensen, Allan, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Salvesen, Helga B, Bjorge, Line, Webb, Penny M, Grant, Peter, Pejovic, Tanja, Moffitt, Melissa, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Paul, James, Glasspool, Rosalind, Bernardini, Marcus, Tone, Alicia, Huntsman, David, Woo, Michelle, Group, AOCS, deFazio, Anna, Kennedy, Catherine J, Pharoah, Paul DP, MacGregor, Stuart, and Chenevix-Trench, Georgia

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, ovarian cancer outcome, genetic association, gene regulation, meta-analysis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

We previously identified associations with ovarian cancer outcome at five genetic loci. To identify putatively causal genetic variants and target genes, we prioritized two ovarian outcome loci (1q22 and 19p12) for further study. Bioinformatic and functional genetic analyses indicated that MEF2D and ZNF100 are targets of candidate outcome variants at 1q22 and 19p12, respectively. At 19p12, the chromatin interaction of a putative regulatory element with the ZNF100 promoter region correlated with candidate outcome variants. At 1q22, putative regulatory elements enhanced MEF2D promoter activity and haplotypes containing candidate outcome variants modulated these effects. In a public dataset, MEF2D and ZNF100 expression were both associated with ovarian cancer progression-free or overall survival time. In an extended set of 6,162 epithelial ovarian cancer patients, we found that functional candidates at the 1q22 and 19p12 loci, as well as other regional variants, were nominally associated with patient outcome; however, no associations reached our threshold for statistical significance (p

Published
2017

17. Association Between Telomere Length and Risk of Cancer and Non-Neoplastic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Author

Haycock, Philip C, Burgess, Stephen, Nounu, Aayah, Zheng, Jie, Okoli, George N, Bowden, Jack, Wade, Kaitlin Hazel, Timpson, Nicholas J, Evans, David M, Willeit, Peter, Aviv, Abraham, Gaunt, Tom R, Hemani, Gibran, Mangino, Massimo, Ellis, Hayley Patricia, Kurian, Kathreena M, Pooley, Karen A, Eeles, Rosalind A, Lee, Jeffrey E, Fang, Shenying, Chen, Wei V, Law, Matthew H, Bowdler, Lisa M, Iles, Mark M, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Markus, Hugh Stephen, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Chris I, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, O’Mara, Tracy A, Wolpin, Brian, Amundadottir, Laufey, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Lund, Eiliv, Duell, Eric J, Canzian, Federico, Severi, Gianluca, Overvad, Kim, Gunter, Marc J, Tumino, Rosario, Svenson, Ulrika, van Rij, Andre, Baas, Annette F, Bown, Matthew J, Samani, Nilesh J, van t’Hof, Femke NG, Tromp, Gerard, Jones, Gregory T, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Elmore, James R, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Scelo, Ghislaine, Carreras-Torres, Robert, Gaborieau, Valerie, Brennan, Paul, Bracci, Paige M, Neale, Rachel E, Olson, Sara H, Gallinger, Steven, Li, Donghui, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Klein, Alison P, Han, Jiali, Abnet, Christian C, Freedman, Neal D, Taylor, Philip R, Maris, John M, Aben, Katja K, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Vermeulen, Sita H, Wiencke, John K, Walsh, Kyle M, Wrensch, Margaret, Rice, Terri, Turnbull, Clare, Litchfield, Kevin, Paternoster, Lavinia, Standl, Marie, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, SanGiovanni, John Paul, Li, Yong, Mijatovic, Vladan, Sapkota, Yadav, Low, Siew-Kee, Zondervan, Krina T, Montgomery, Grant W, Nyholt, Dale R, van Heel, David A, Hunt, Karen, Arking, Dan E, Ashar, Foram N, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Woo, Daniel, and Rosand, Jonathan

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prevention, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Male, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Telomere, Telomere Homeostasis, Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

ImportanceThe causal direction and magnitude of the association between telomere length and incidence of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases is uncertain owing to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation.ObjectiveTo conduct a Mendelian randomization study, using germline genetic variants as instrumental variables, to appraise the causal relevance of telomere length for risk of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases.Data sourcesGenomewide association studies (GWAS) published up to January 15, 2015.Study selectionGWAS of noncommunicable diseases that assayed germline genetic variation and did not select cohort or control participants on the basis of preexisting diseases. Of 163 GWAS of noncommunicable diseases identified, summary data from 103 were available.Data extraction and synthesisSummary association statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population.Main outcomes and measuresOdds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease per standard deviation (SD) higher telomere length due to germline genetic variation.ResultsSummary data were available for 35 cancers and 48 non-neoplastic diseases, corresponding to 420 081 cases (median cases, 2526 per disease) and 1 093 105 controls (median, 6789 per disease). Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with increased risk for site-specific cancers. The strongest associations (ORs [95% CIs] per 1-SD change in genetically increased telomere length) were observed for glioma, 5.27 (3.15-8.81); serous low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer, 4.35 (2.39-7.94); lung adenocarcinoma, 3.19 (2.40-4.22); neuroblastoma, 2.98 (1.92-4.62); bladder cancer, 2.19 (1.32-3.66); melanoma, 1.87 (1.55-2.26); testicular cancer, 1.76 (1.02-3.04); kidney cancer, 1.55 (1.08-2.23); and endometrial cancer, 1.31 (1.07-1.61). Associations were stronger for rarer cancers and at tissue sites with lower rates of stem cell division. There was generally little evidence of association between genetically increased telomere length and risk of psychiatric, autoimmune, inflammatory, diabetic, and other non-neoplastic diseases, except for coronary heart disease (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.90]), abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.81]), celiac disease (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.28-0.61]) and interstitial lung disease (OR, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.05-0.15]).Conclusions and relevanceIt is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2017

18. Association Between Telomere Length and Risk of Cancer and Non-Neoplastic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Author

Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Haycock, Philip C, Burgess, Stephen, Nounu, Aayah, Zheng, Jie, Okoli, George N, Bowden, Jack, Wade, Kaitlin Hazel, Timpson, Nicholas J, Evans, David M, Willeit, Peter, Aviv, Abraham, Gaunt, Tom R, Hemani, Gibran, Mangino, Massimo, Ellis, Hayley Patricia, Kurian, Kathreena M, Pooley, Karen A, Eeles, Rosalind A, Lee, Jeffrey E, Fang, Shenying, Chen, Wei V, Law, Matthew H, Bowdler, Lisa M, Iles, Mark M, Yang, Qiong, Worrall, Bradford B, Markus, Hugh Stephen, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Chris I, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, O'Mara, Tracy A, Wolpin, Brian, Amundadottir, Laufey, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Lund, Eiliv, Duell, Eric J, Canzian, Federico, Severi, Gianluca, Overvad, Kim, Gunter, Marc J, Tumino, Rosario, Svenson, Ulrika, van Rij, Andre, Baas, Annette F, Bown, Matthew J, Samani, Nilesh J, van t'Hof, Femke NG, Tromp, Gerard, Jones, Gregory T, Kuivaniemi, Helena, Elmore, James R, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Scelo, Ghislaine, Carreras-Torres, Robert, Gaborieau, Valerie, Brennan, Paul, Bracci, Paige M, Neale, Rachel E, Olson, Sara H, Gallinger, Steven, Li, Donghui, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Klein, Alison P, Han, Jiali, Abnet, Christian C, Freedman, Neal D, Taylor, Philip R, Maris, John M, Aben, Katja K, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Vermeulen, Sita H, Wiencke, John K, Walsh, Kyle M, Wrensch, Margaret, Rice, Terri, Turnbull, Clare, Litchfield, Kevin, Paternoster, Lavinia, Standl, Marie, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, SanGiovanni, John Paul, Li, Yong, Mijatovic, Vladan, Sapkota, Yadav, Low, Siew-Kee, Zondervan, Krina T, Montgomery, Grant W, Nyholt, Dale R, van Heel, David A, Hunt, Karen, Arking, Dan E, Ashar, Foram N, Sotoodehnia, Nona, and Woo, Daniel

Subjects
Telomeres Mendelian Randomization Collaboration, Telomere, Humans, Neoplasms, Cardiovascular Diseases, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk Assessment, Germ-Line Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Telomere Homeostasis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, and over, Prevention, Clinical Research, Cancer, Genetics, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

ImportanceThe causal direction and magnitude of the association between telomere length and incidence of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases is uncertain owing to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation.ObjectiveTo conduct a Mendelian randomization study, using germline genetic variants as instrumental variables, to appraise the causal relevance of telomere length for risk of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases.Data sourcesGenomewide association studies (GWAS) published up to January 15, 2015.Study selectionGWAS of noncommunicable diseases that assayed germline genetic variation and did not select cohort or control participants on the basis of preexisting diseases. Of 163 GWAS of noncommunicable diseases identified, summary data from 103 were available.Data extraction and synthesisSummary association statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population.Main outcomes and measuresOdds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease per standard deviation (SD) higher telomere length due to germline genetic variation.ResultsSummary data were available for 35 cancers and 48 non-neoplastic diseases, corresponding to 420 081 cases (median cases, 2526 per disease) and 1 093 105 controls (median, 6789 per disease). Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with increased risk for site-specific cancers. The strongest associations (ORs [95% CIs] per 1-SD change in genetically increased telomere length) were observed for glioma, 5.27 (3.15-8.81); serous low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer, 4.35 (2.39-7.94); lung adenocarcinoma, 3.19 (2.40-4.22); neuroblastoma, 2.98 (1.92-4.62); bladder cancer, 2.19 (1.32-3.66); melanoma, 1.87 (1.55-2.26); testicular cancer, 1.76 (1.02-3.04); kidney cancer, 1.55 (1.08-2.23); and endometrial cancer, 1.31 (1.07-1.61). Associations were stronger for rarer cancers and at tissue sites with lower rates of stem cell division. There was generally little evidence of association between genetically increased telomere length and risk of psychiatric, autoimmune, inflammatory, diabetic, and other non-neoplastic diseases, except for coronary heart disease (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.90]), abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.81]), celiac disease (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.28-0.61]) and interstitial lung disease (OR, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.05-0.15]).Conclusions and relevanceIt is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

Published
2017

19. Using Genetics to Investigate Relationships between Phenotypes: Application to Endometrial Cancer.

Author

Bouttle, Kelsie, Ingold, Nathan, and O'Mara, Tracy A.

Subjects
GENETIC correlations, GENETIC techniques, GENOME-wide association studies, ENDOMETRIAL cancer, DEVELOPED countries
Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have accelerated the exploration of genotype–phenotype associations, facilitating the discovery of replicable genetic markers associated with specific traits or complex diseases. This narrative review explores the statistical methodologies developed using GWAS data to investigate relationships between various phenotypes, focusing on endometrial cancer, the most prevalent gynecological malignancy in developed nations. Advancements in analytical techniques such as genetic correlation, colocalization, cross-trait locus identification, and causal inference analyses have enabled deeper exploration of associations between different phenotypes, enhancing statistical power to uncover novel genetic risk regions. These analyses have unveiled shared genetic associations between endometrial cancer and many phenotypes, enabling identification of novel endometrial cancer risk loci and furthering our understanding of risk factors and biological processes underlying this disease. The current status of research in endometrial cancer is robust; however, this review demonstrates that further opportunities exist in statistical genetics that hold promise for advancing the understanding of endometrial cancer and other complex diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. CYP19A1 fine-mapping and Mendelian randomization: estradiol is causal for endometrial cancer

Author

Thompson, Deborah J, O'Mara, Tracy A, Glubb, Dylan M, Painter, Jodie N, Cheng, Timothy, Folkerd, Elizabeth, Doody, Deborah, Dennis, Joe, Webb, Penelope M, Gorman, Maggie, Martin, Lynn, Hodgson, Shirley, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Maranian, Mel J, Hall, Per, Czene, Kamila, Darabi, Hatef, Li, Jingmei, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif B, Dörk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dürst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Zhao, Hui, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Amant, Frederic, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Dowdy, Sean C, Winham, Stacey J, Salvesen, Helga B, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Werner, Henrica MJ, Ashton, Katie, Proietto, Tony, Otton, Geoffrey, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Tham, Emma, Liu, Tao, Mints, Miriam, Scott, Rodney J, McEvoy, Mark, Attia, John, Holliday, Elizabeth G, Montgomery, Grant W, Martin, Nicholas G, Nyholt, Dale R, Henders, Anjali K, Hopper, John L, Traficante, Nadia, Ruebner, Matthias, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Burwinkel, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Meindl, Alfons, Brauch, Hiltrud, Lindblom, Annika, Lambrechts, Diether, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Couch, Fergus J, Giles, Graham G, Kristensen, Vessela N, Cox, Angela, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Bojesen, Stig E, Shah, Mitul, Luben, Robert, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Pharoah, Paul DP, Dunning, Alison M, Tomlinson, Ian, Dowsett, Mitch, Easton, Douglas F, and Spurdle, Amanda B

Subjects
Uterine Cancer, Genetics, Cancer, Prevention, Aging, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Age Factors, Alleles, Aromatase, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Endometrial Neoplasms, Estradiol, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Humans, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, endometrial cancer, CYP19A1, estradiol, Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study Group, National Study of Endometrial Cancer Genetics Group, for RENDOCAS, AOCS Group, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Candidate gene studies have reported CYP19A1 variants to be associated with endometrial cancer and with estradiol (E2) concentrations. We analyzed 2937 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 6608 endometrial cancer cases and 37 925 controls and report the first genome wide-significant association between endometrial cancer and a CYP19A1 SNP (rs727479 in intron 2, P=4.8×10(-11)). SNP rs727479 was also among those most strongly associated with circulating E2 concentrations in 2767 post-menopausal controls (P=7.4×10(-8)). The observed endometrial cancer odds ratio per rs727479 A-allele (1.15, CI=1.11-1.21) is compatible with that predicted by the observed effect on E2 concentrations (1.09, CI=1.03-1.21), consistent with the hypothesis that endometrial cancer risk is driven by E2. From 28 candidate-causal SNPs, 12 co-located with three putative gene-regulatory elements and their risk alleles associated with higher CYP19A1 expression in bioinformatical analyses. For both phenotypes, the associations with rs727479 were stronger among women with a higher BMI (Pinteraction=0.034 and 0.066 respectively), suggesting a biologically plausible gene-environment interaction.

Published
2016

21. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common susceptibility polymorphisms for colorectal and endometrial cancer near SH2B3 and TSHZ1.

Author

Cheng, Timothy HT, Thompson, Deborah, Painter, Jodie, O'Mara, Tracy, Gorman, Maggie, Martin, Lynn, Palles, Claire, Jones, Angela, Buchanan, Daniel D, Win, Aung Ko, Hopper, John, Jenkins, Mark, Lindor, Noralane M, Newcomb, Polly A, Gallinger, Steve, Conti, David, Schumacher, Fred, Casey, Graham, Giles, Graham G, Pharoah, Paul, Peto, Julian, Cox, Angela, Swerdlow, Anthony, Couch, Fergus, Cunningham, Julie M, Goode, Ellen L, Winham, Stacey J, Lambrechts, Diether, Fasching, Peter, Burwinkel, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Brauch, Hiltrud, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Salvesen, Helga B, Kristensen, Vessela, Darabi, Hatef, Li, Jingmei, Liu, Tao, Lindblom, Annika, Hall, Per, de Polanco, Magdalena Echeverry, Sans, Monica, Carracedo, Angel, Castellvi-Bel, Sergi, Rojas-Martinez, Augusto, Aguiar Jnr, Samuel, Teixeira, Manuel R, Dunning, Alison M, Dennis, Joe, Otton, Geoffrey, Proietto, Tony, Holliday, Elizabeth, Attia, John, Ashton, Katie, Scott, Rodney J, McEvoy, Mark, Dowdy, Sean C, Fridley, Brooke L, Werner, Henrica MJ, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Tham, Emma, Mints, Miriam, Runnebaum, Ingo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Amant, Frederic, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif, Czene, Kamila, Meindl, Alfons, Bolla, Manjeet K, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Wang, Qin, Ahmed, Shahana, Healey, Catherine S, Shah, Mitul, Annibali, Daniela, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Al-Tassan, Nada A, Harris, Rebecca, Meyer, Brian F, Whiffin, Nicola, Hosking, Fay J, Kinnersley, Ben, Farrington, Susan M, Timofeeva, Maria, Tenesa, Albert, Campbell, Harry, Haile, Robert W, Hodgson, Shirley, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Cheadle, Jeremy P, Easton, Douglas, Dunlop, Malcolm, Houlston, Richard, and Spurdle, Amanda

Subjects
Humans, Colorectal Neoplasms, Endometrial Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Proteins, Homeodomain Proteins, Neoplasm Proteins, Polymorphism, Genetic, Alleles, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Genetic
Abstract

High-risk mutations in several genes predispose to both colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). We therefore hypothesised that some lower-risk genetic variants might also predispose to both CRC and EC. Using CRC and EC genome-wide association series, totalling 13,265 cancer cases and 40,245 controls, we found that the protective allele [G] at one previously-identified CRC polymorphism, rs2736100 near TERT, was associated with EC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.08, P = 0.000167); this polymorphism influences the risk of several other cancers. A further CRC polymorphism near TERC also showed evidence of association with EC (OR = 0.92; P = 0.03). Overall, however, there was no good evidence that the set of CRC polymorphisms was associated with EC risk, and neither of two previously-reported EC polymorphisms was associated with CRC risk. A combined analysis revealed one genome-wide significant polymorphism, rs3184504, on chromosome 12q24 (OR = 1.10, P = 7.23 × 10(-9)) with shared effects on CRC and EC risk. This polymorphism, a missense variant in the gene SH2B3, is also associated with haematological and autoimmune disorders, suggesting that it influences cancer risk through the immune response. Another polymorphism, rs12970291 near gene TSHZ1, was associated with both CRC and EC (OR = 1.26, P = 4.82 × 10(-8)), with the alleles showing opposite effects on the risks of the two cancers.

Published
2015

24. Fine-mapping of the HNF1B multicancer locus identifies candidate variants that mediate endometrial cancer risk

Author

Painter, Jodie N, O'Mara, Tracy A, Batra, Jyotsna, Cheng, Timothy, Lose, Felicity A, Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Ahmed, Shahana, Ferguson, Kaltin, Healey, Catherine S, Kaufmann, Susanne, Hillman, Kristine M, Walpole, Carina, Moya, Leire, Pollock, Pamela, Jones, Angela, Howarth, Kimberley, Martin, Lynn, Gorman, Maggie, Hodgson, Shirley, De Polanco, Ma Magdalena Echeverry, Sans, Monica, Carracedo, Angel, Castellvi-Bel, Sergi, Rojas-Martinez, Augusto, Santos, Erika, Teixeira, Manuel R, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Long, Jirong, Zheng, Wei, Xiang, Yong-Bing, Montgomery, Grant W, Webb, Penelope M, Scott, Rodney J, McEvoy, Mark, Attia, John, Holliday, Elizabeth, Martin, Nicholas G, Nyholt, Dale R, Henders, Anjali K, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Renner, Stefan P, Dörk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dürst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Lambrechts, Diether, Coenegrachts, Lieve, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Amant, Frederic, Winterhoff, Boris, Dowdy, Sean C, Goode, Ellen L, Teoman, Attila, Salvesen, Helga B, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Werner, Henrica MJ, Ashton, Katie, Proietto, Tony, Otton, Geoffrey, Tzortzatos, Gerasimos, Mints, Miriam, Tham, Emma, Hall, Per, Czene, Kamila, Liu, Jianjun, Li, Jingmei, Hopper, John L, Southey, Melissa C, Ekici, Arif B, Ruebner, Matthias, Johnson, Nicola, Peto, Julian, Burwinkel, Barbara, Marme, Frederik, Brenner, Hermann, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Meindl, Alfons, Brauch, Hiltrud, Lindblom, Annika, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Moisse, Matthieu, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rudolph, Anja, Couch, Fergus J, Olson, Janet E, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Kristensen, Vessela N, Cox, Angela, Swerdlow, Anthony J, and Orr, Nicholas

Subjects
Cancer, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Prevention, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Alleles, Case-Control Studies, Cell Line, Tumor, Chromosome Mapping, Computational Biology, Databases, Genetic, Endometrial Neoplasms, Epigenesis, Genetic, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Haplotypes, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Risk Factors, White People, National Study of Endometrial Cancer Genetics Group, CHIBCHA Consortium, Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study Group, RENDOCAS, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, GENICA Network, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Common variants in the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B (HNF1B) gene are associated with the risk of Type II diabetes and multiple cancers. Evidence to date indicates that cancer risk may be mediated via genetic or epigenetic effects on HNF1B gene expression. We previously found single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the HNF1B locus to be associated with endometrial cancer, and now report extensive fine-mapping and in silico and laboratory analyses of this locus. Analysis of 1184 genotyped and imputed SNPs in 6608 Caucasian cases and 37 925 controls, and 895 Asian cases and 1968 controls, revealed the best signal of association for SNP rs11263763 (P = 8.4 × 10(-14), odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.82-0.89), located within HNF1B intron 1. Haplotype analysis and conditional analyses provide no evidence of further independent endometrial cancer risk variants at this locus. SNP rs11263763 genotype was associated with HNF1B mRNA expression but not with HNF1B methylation in endometrial tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Genetic analyses prioritized rs11263763 and four other SNPs in high-to-moderate linkage disequilibrium as the most likely causal SNPs. Three of these SNPs map to the extended HNF1B promoter based on chromatin marks extending from the minimal promoter region. Reporter assays demonstrated that this extended region reduces activity in combination with the minimal HNF1B promoter, and that the minor alleles of rs11263763 or rs8064454 are associated with decreased HNF1B promoter activity. Our findings provide evidence for a single signal associated with endometrial cancer risk at the HNF1B locus, and that risk is likely mediated via altered HNF1B gene expression.

Published
2015

25. Candidate locus analysis of the TERT–CLPTM1L cancer risk region on chromosome 5p15 identifies multiple independent variants associated with endometrial cancer risk

Author

Carvajal-Carmona, Luis G, O’Mara, Tracy A, Painter, Jodie N, Lose, Felicity A, Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Ahmed, Shahana, Ferguson, Kaltin, Healey, Catherine S, Pooley, Karen, Beesley, Jonathan, Cheng, Timothy, Jones, Angela, Howarth, Kimberley, Martin, Lynn, Gorman, Maggie, Hodgson, Shirley, National Study of Endometrial Cancer Genetics Group (NSECG), The Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study Group (ANECS), Wentzensen, Nicholas, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Renner, Stefan P, Dörk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dürst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Lambrechts, Diether, Coenegrachts, Lieve, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Amant, Frederic, Winterhoff, Boris, Dowdy, Sean C, Goode, Ellen L, Teoman, Attila, Salvesen, Helga B, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Werner, Henrica MJ, Scott, Rodney J, Ashton, Katie, Proietto, Tony, Otton, Geoffrey, Wersäll, Ofra, Mints, Miriam, Tham, Emma, RENDOCAS, Hall, Per, Czene, Kamila, Liu, Jianjun, Li, Jingmei, Hopper, John L, Southey, Melissa C, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study (AOCS), Ekici, Arif B, Ruebner, Matthias, Johnson, Nichola, Peto, Julian, Burwinkel, Barbara, Marme, Frederik, Brenner, Hermann, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Meindl, Alfons, Brauch, Hiltrud, The GENICA Network, Lindblom, Annika, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Moisse, Matthieu, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rudolph, Anja, Couch, Fergus J, Olson, Janet E, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Kristensen, Vessela N, Cox, Angela, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Orr, Nicholas, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Weber, Rachel Palmieri, Chen, Zhihua, Shah, Mitul, Pharoah, Paul DP, Dunning, Alison M, Tomlinson, Ian, Easton, Douglas F, Spurdle, Amanda B, and Thompson, Deborah J

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Prevention, Cancer, Uterine Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Genetic Loci, Haplotypes, Humans, Membrane Proteins, Models, Genetic, Neoplasm Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Risk Factors, Telomerase, National Study of Endometrial Cancer Genetics Group, Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study Group, RENDOCAS, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, GENICA Network, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Heredity, Reproductive medicine
Abstract

Several studies have reported associations between multiple cancer types and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 5p15, which harbours TERT and CLPTM1L, but no such association has been reported with endometrial cancer. To evaluate the role of genetic variants at the TERT-CLPTM1L region in endometrial cancer risk, we carried out comprehensive fine-mapping analyses of genotyped and imputed SNPs using a custom Illumina iSelect array which includes dense SNP coverage of this region. We examined 396 SNPs (113 genotyped, 283 imputed) in 4,401 endometrial cancer cases and 28,758 controls. Single-SNP and forward/backward logistic regression models suggested evidence for three variants independently associated with endometrial cancer risk (P = 4.9 × 10(-6) to P = 7.7 × 10(-5)). Only one falls into a haplotype previously associated with other cancer types (rs7705526, in TERT intron 1), and this SNP has been shown to alter TERT promoter activity. One of the novel associations (rs13174814) maps to a second region in the TERT promoter and the other (rs62329728) is in the promoter region of CLPTM1L; neither are correlated with previously reported cancer-associated SNPs. Using TCGA RNASeq data, we found significantly increased expression of both TERT and CLPTM1L in endometrial cancer tissue compared with normal tissue (TERT P = 1.5 × 10(-18), CLPTM1L P = 1.5 × 10(-19)). Our study thus reports a novel endometrial cancer risk locus and expands the spectrum of cancer types associated with genetic variation at 5p15, further highlighting the importance of this region for cancer susceptibility.

Published
2015

29. Non-coding RNAs underlie genetic predisposition to breast cancer

Author

Moradi Marjaneh, Mahdi, Beesley, Jonathan, O’Mara, Tracy A., Mukhopadhyay, Pamela, Koufariotis, Lambros T., Kazakoff, Stephen, Hussein, Nehal, Fachal, Laura, Bartonicek, Nenad, Hillman, Kristine M., Kaufmann, Susanne, Sivakumaran, Haran, Smart, Chanel E., McCart Reed, Amy E., Ferguson, Kaltin, Saunus, Jodi M., Lakhani, Sunil R., Barnes, Daniel R., Antoniou, Antonis C., Dinger, Marcel E., Waddell, Nicola, Easton, Douglas F., Dunning, Alison M., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Edwards, Stacey L., and French, Juliet D.

Published
2020
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30. Associations of life course obesity with endometrial cancer in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2)

Author

Harvey, Summer V, primary, Wentzensen, Nicolas, additional, Bertrand, Kimberly, additional, Black, Amanda, additional, Brinton, Louise A, additional, Chen, Chu, additional, Costas, Laura, additional, Dal Maso, Luigino, additional, De Vivo, Immaculata, additional, Du, Mengmeng, additional, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, additional, Goodman, Marc T, additional, Gorzelitz, Jessica, additional, Johnson, Lisa, additional, Lacey, James V, additional, Liao, Linda, additional, Lipworth, Loren, additional, Lissowska, Jolanta, additional, Miller, Anthony B, additional, O'Connell, Kelli, additional, O’Mara, Tracy A, additional, Ou, Xiao, additional, Palmer, Julie R, additional, Patel, Alpa V, additional, Paytubi, Sonia, additional, Pelegrina, Beatriz, additional, Petruzella, Stacey, additional, Prizment, Anna, additional, Rohan, Thomas, additional, Sandin, Sven, additional, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, additional, Sinha, Rashmi, additional, Trabert, Britton, additional, Webb, Penelope M, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Xu, Wanghong, additional, Yang, Hannah P, additional, Zheng, Wei, additional, and Clarke, Megan A, additional

Published
2023
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32. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium : An individual-participant meta-analysis

Author

Brasky, Theodore M., Hade, Erinn M., Cohn, David E., Newton, Alison M., Petruzella, Stacey, O'Connell, Kelli, Bertrand, Kimberly A., Cook, Linda S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Du, Mengmeng, Freudenheim, Jo L., Friedenreich, Christine M., Goodman, Marc T., Gorzelitz, Jessica, Ibiebele, Torukiri I., Krogh, Vittorio, Liao, Linda M., Lipworth, Loren, Lu, Lingeng, McCann, Susan, O'Mara, Tracy A., Palmer, Julie R., Ponte, Jeanette, Prizment, Anna, Risch, Harvey, Sandin, Sven, Schouten, Leo J., Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Shu, Xiao-ou, Trabert, Britton, Brandt, Piet A. van den, Webb, Penelope M., Wentzensen, Nicolas, Wilkens, Lynne R., Wolk, Alicja, Yu, Herbert, Neuhouser, Marian L., Brasky, Theodore M., Hade, Erinn M., Cohn, David E., Newton, Alison M., Petruzella, Stacey, O'Connell, Kelli, Bertrand, Kimberly A., Cook, Linda S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Du, Mengmeng, Freudenheim, Jo L., Friedenreich, Christine M., Goodman, Marc T., Gorzelitz, Jessica, Ibiebele, Torukiri I., Krogh, Vittorio, Liao, Linda M., Lipworth, Loren, Lu, Lingeng, McCann, Susan, O'Mara, Tracy A., Palmer, Julie R., Ponte, Jeanette, Prizment, Anna, Risch, Harvey, Sandin, Sven, Schouten, Leo J., Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Shu, Xiao-ou, Trabert, Britton, Brandt, Piet A. van den, Webb, Penelope M., Wentzensen, Nicolas, Wilkens, Lynne R., Wolk, Alicja, Yu, Herbert, and Neuhouser, Marian L.

Abstract

Background. Limited data from prospective studies suggest that higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFA), which hold anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce endometrial can-cer risk; particularly among certain subgroups characterized by body mass and tumor pathology. Materials and methods. Data from 12 prospective cohort studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endome-trial Cancer Consortium were harmonized as nested case-control studies, including 7268 endometrial cancer cases and 26,133 controls. Habitual diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire, from which fatty acid in-takes were estimated. Two-stage individual-participant data mixed effects meta-analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through logistic regression for associations between study -specific energy-adjusted quartiles of LCn3PUFA and endometrial cancer risk. Results. Women with the highest versus lowest estimated dietary intakes of docosahexaenoic acid, the most abundant LCn3PUFA in diet, had a 9% increased endometrial cancer risk (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19; P trend = 0.04). Similar elevated risks were observed for the summary measure of total LCn3PUFA (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99-1.16; P trend = 0.06). Stratified by body mass index, higher intakes of LCn3PUFA were as-sociated with 12-19% increased endometrial cancer risk among overweight/obese women and no increased risk among normal-weight women. Higher associations appeared restricted to White women. The results did not dif-fer by cancer grade. Conclusion. Higher dietary intakes of LCn3PUFA are unlikely to reduce endometrial cancer incidence; rather, they may be associated with small to moderate increases in risk in some subgroups of women, particularly over-weight/obese women.(c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2023
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33. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium: An individual-participant meta-analysis

Author

Brasky, Theodore M, Hade, Erinn M, Cohn, David E, Newton, Alison M, Petruzella, Stacey, O'Connell, Kelli, Bertrand, Kimberly A, Cook, Linda S, De Vivo, Immaculata, Du, Mengmeng, Freudenheim, Jo L, Friedenreich, Christine M, Goodman, Marc T, Gorzelitz, Jessica, Ibiebele, Torukiri I, Krogh, Vittorio, Liao, Linda M, Lipworth, Loren, Lu, Lingeng, McCann, Susan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Palmer, Julie R, Ponte, Jeanette, Prizment, Anna, Risch, Harvey, Sandin, Sven, Schouten, Leo J, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Trabert, Britton, van den Brandt, Piet A, Webb, Penelope M, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Wilkens, Lynne R, Wolk, Alicja, Yu, Herbert, Neuhouser, Marian L, Brasky, Theodore M, Hade, Erinn M, Cohn, David E, Newton, Alison M, Petruzella, Stacey, O'Connell, Kelli, Bertrand, Kimberly A, Cook, Linda S, De Vivo, Immaculata, Du, Mengmeng, Freudenheim, Jo L, Friedenreich, Christine M, Goodman, Marc T, Gorzelitz, Jessica, Ibiebele, Torukiri I, Krogh, Vittorio, Liao, Linda M, Lipworth, Loren, Lu, Lingeng, McCann, Susan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Palmer, Julie R, Ponte, Jeanette, Prizment, Anna, Risch, Harvey, Sandin, Sven, Schouten, Leo J, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Trabert, Britton, van den Brandt, Piet A, Webb, Penelope M, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Wilkens, Lynne R, Wolk, Alicja, Yu, Herbert, and Neuhouser, Marian L

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Limited data from prospective studies suggest that higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFA), which hold anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce endometrial cancer risk; particularly among certain subgroups characterized by body mass and tumor pathology.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 12 prospective cohort studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium were harmonized as nested case-control studies, including 7268 endometrial cancer cases and 26,133 controls. Habitual diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire, from which fatty acid intakes were estimated. Two-stage individual-participant data mixed effects meta-analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through logistic regression for associations between study-specific energy-adjusted quartiles of LCn3PUFA and endometrial cancer risk.RESULTS: Women with the highest versus lowest estimated dietary intakes of docosahexaenoic acid, the most abundant LCn3PUFA in diet, had a 9% increased endometrial cancer risk (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19; P trend = 0.04). Similar elevated risks were observed for the summary measure of total LCn3PUFA (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99-1.16; P trend = 0.06). Stratified by body mass index, higher intakes of LCn3PUFA were associated with 12-19% increased endometrial cancer risk among overweight/obese women and no increased risk among normal-weight women. Higher associations appeared restricted to White women. The results did not differ by cancer grade.CONCLUSION: Higher dietary intakes of LCn3PUFA are unlikely to reduce endometrial cancer incidence; rather, they may be associated with small to moderate increases in risk in some subgroups of women, particularly overweight/obese women.

Published
2023

35. Design and quality control of large-scale two-sample Mendelian randomization studies.

Author

Haycock, Philip C, Borges, Maria Carolina, Burrows, Kimberley, Lemaitre, Rozenn N, Harrison, Sean, Burgess, Stephen, Chang, Xuling, Westra, Jason, Khankari, Nikhil K, Tsilidis, Kostas K, Gaunt, Tom, Hemani, Gibran, Zheng, Jie, Truong, Therese, O'Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Law, Matthew H, Slager, Susan L, Birmann, Brenda M, and Hosnijeh, Fatemeh Saberi

Subjects
QUALITY control, METADATA, GENETIC variation, GENOME-wide association studies, GENOMICS, STATISTICAL association, HUMAN genome
Abstract

Background Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are susceptible to metadata errors (e.g. incorrect specification of the effect allele column) and other analytical issues that can introduce substantial bias into analyses. We developed a quality control (QC) pipeline for the Fatty Acids in Cancer Mendelian Randomization Collaboration (FAMRC) that can be used to identify and correct for such errors. Methods We collated summary association statistics from fatty acid and cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subjected the collated data to a comprehensive QC pipeline. We identified metadata errors through comparison of study-specific statistics to external reference data sets (the National Human Genome Research Institute-European Bioinformatics Institute GWAS catalogue and 1000 genome super populations) and other analytical issues through comparison of reported to expected genetic effect sizes. Comparisons were based on three sets of genetic variants: (i) GWAS hits for fatty acids, (ii) GWAS hits for cancer and (iii) a 1000 genomes reference set. Results We collated summary data from 6 fatty acid and 54 cancer GWAS. Metadata errors and analytical issues with the potential to introduce substantial bias were identified in seven studies (11.6%). After resolving metadata errors and analytical issues, we created a data set of 219 842 genetic associations with 90 cancer types, generated in analyses of 566 665 cancer cases and 1 622 374 controls. Conclusions In this large MR collaboration, 11.6% of included studies were affected by a substantial metadata error or analytical issue. By increasing the integrity of collated summary data prior to their analysis, our protocol can be used to increase the reliability of downstream MR analyses. Our pipeline is available to other researchers via the CheckSumStats package (https://github.com/MRCIEU/CheckSumStats). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. APOBEC3A /Bdeletion polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk

Author

Sofiyeva, Nigar, primary, Krakstad, Camilla, additional, Halle, Mari K., additional, O'Mara, Tracy A., additional, Romundstad, Pål, additional, Hveem, Kristian, additional, Vatten, Lars, additional, Lønning, Per E., additional, Gansmo, Liv B., additional, and Knappskog, Stian, additional

Published
2022
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40. Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses

Author

Dimou, Niki, primary, Omiyale, Wemimo, additional, Biessy, Carine, additional, Viallon, Vivian, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, O'Mara, Tracy A., additional, Aglago, Elom K., additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Bergmann, Manuela M., additional, Bondonno, Nicola P., additional, Braaten, Tonje, additional, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., additional, Crous-Bou, Marta, additional, Dahm, Christina C., additional, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Harlid, Sophia, additional, Heath, Alicia K., additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Kvaskoff, Marina, additional, Nøst, Therese H., additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, additional, Schulze, Matthias B., additional, Severi, Gianluca, additional, Simeon, Vittorio, additional, Tagliabue, Giovanna, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Truong, Thérèse, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Johansson, Mattias, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Murphy, Neil, additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Allen, Naomi E., additional, and Dossus, Laure, additional

Published
2022
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41. Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk : observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses

Author

Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renée T, Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nøst, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjønneland, Anne, Truong, Thérèse, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., Dossus, Laure, Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renée T, Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nøst, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjønneland, Anne, Truong, Thérèse, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., and Dossus, Laure

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. However, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS: The observational analyses included 286,415 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and 179,271 participants in the UK Biobank, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used. In two-sample MR analyses, genetic variants robustly associated with lifetime amount of smoking (n = 126 variants) and ever having smoked regularly (n = 112 variants) were selected and their association with endometrial cancer risk (12,906 cancer/108,979 controls from the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium) was examined. RESULTS: In the observational analysis, lifetime amount of smoking and ever having smoked regularly were associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. In the MR analysis accounting for body mass index, a genetic predisposition to a higher lifetime amount of smoking was not associated with endometrial cancer risk (OR per 1-SD increment: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.91-1.44). Genetic predisposition to ever having smoked regularly was not associated with risk of endometrial cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was inversely associated with endometrial cancer in the observational analyses, although unsupported by the MR. Additional studies are required to better understand the possible confounders and mechanisms underlying the observed associations between smoking and endometrial cancer. IMPACT: The results from this analysis indicate that smoking is unlikely to be causally linked with endometrial cancer risk.

Published
2022
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42. Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk:Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses

Author

Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renee T., Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nost, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjonneland, Anne, Truong, Therese, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., Dossus, Laure, Dimou, Niki, Omiyale, Wemimo, Biessy, Carine, Viallon, Vivian, Kaaks, Rudolf, O'Mara, Tracy A., Aglago, Elom K., Ardanaz, Eva, Bergmann, Manuela M., Bondonno, Nicola P., Braaten, Tonje, Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M., Crous-Bou, Marta, Dahm, Christina C., Fortner, Renee T., Gram, Inger T., Harlid, Sophia, Heath, Alicia K., Idahl, Annika, Kvaskoff, Marina, Nost, Therese H., Overvad, Kim, Palli, Domenico, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Schulze, Matthias B., Severi, Gianluca, Simeon, Vittorio, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tjonneland, Anne, Truong, Therese, Tumino, Rosario, Johansson, Mattias, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Murphy, Neil, Gunter, Marc J., Lacey, Ben, Allen, Naomi E., and Dossus, Laure

Abstract

Background: Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. How-ever, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Methods: The observational analyses included 286,415 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and 179,271 participants in the UK Biobank, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used. In two-sample MR analyses, genetic variants robustly associated with lifetime amount of smoking (n = 126 variants) and ever having smoked regularly (n = 112 variants) were selected and their association with endometrial cancer risk (12,906 cancer/108,979 controls from the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium) was examined. Results: In the observational analysis, lifetime amount of smoking and ever having smoked regularly were associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. In the MR analysis accounting for body mass index, a genetic predisposition to a higher lifetime amount of smoking was not associated with endometrial cancer risk (OR per 1-SD increment: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.91-1.44). Genetic predisposition to ever having smoked regularly was not associated with risk of endometrial cancer. Conclusions: Smoking was inversely associated with endometrial cancer in the observational analyses, although unsupported by the MR. Additional studies are required to better understand the possible confounders and mechanisms underlying the observed associations between smoking and endometrial cancer. Impact: The results from this analysis indicate that smoking is unlikely to be causally linked with endometrial cancer risk.

Published
2022

43. Body size at different ages and risk of six cancers:a Mendelian randomization and prospective cohort study

Author

Mariosa, Daniela, Smith-Byrne, Karl, Richardson, Tom G, Ferrari, Pietro, Gunter, Marc J, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Murphy, Neil, Christakoudi, Sofia, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Riboli, Elio, Muller, David, Purdue, Mark P, Chanock, Stephen J, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Christopher I, O'Mara, Tracy A, Amiano, Pilar, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Krogh, Vittorio, Tjønneland, Anne, Halkjær, Jytte, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Skeie, Guri, Rylander, Charlotta, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, Aune, Dagfinn, Heath, Alicia K, Ward, Heather A, Schulze, Matthias, Bonet, Catalina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Smith, George Davey, Brennan, Paul, Johansson, Mattias, Mariosa, Daniela, Smith-Byrne, Karl, Richardson, Tom G, Ferrari, Pietro, Gunter, Marc J, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Murphy, Neil, Christakoudi, Sofia, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Riboli, Elio, Muller, David, Purdue, Mark P, Chanock, Stephen J, Hung, Rayjean J, Amos, Christopher I, O'Mara, Tracy A, Amiano, Pilar, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, Krogh, Vittorio, Tjønneland, Anne, Halkjær, Jytte, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Skeie, Guri, Rylander, Charlotta, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, Aune, Dagfinn, Heath, Alicia K, Ward, Heather A, Schulze, Matthias, Bonet, Catalina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Smith, George Davey, Brennan, Paul, and Johansson, Mattias

Abstract

It is unclear if body weight in early life affects cancer risk independently of adult body weight. To investigate this question for six obesity-related cancers, we performed univariable and multivariable analyses using i) Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and ii) longitudinal analyses in prospective cohorts. Both the MR and longitudinal analyses indicated that larger body size at age 10 was associated with higher risk of endometrial (ORMR=1.61, 95%CI = 1.23-2.11) and kidney cancer (ORMR=1.40, 95%CI = 1.09-1.80). These associations were attenuated after accounting for adult body size in both the MR and cohort analyses. Early life BMI was not consistently associated with the other investigated cancers. The lack of clear independent risk associations suggests that early life BMI influences endometrial and kidney cancer risk mainly through pathways that are common with adult BMI.

Published
2022

44. APOBEC3A/B deletion polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk.

Author

Sofiyeva, Nigar, Krakstad, Camilla, Halle, Mari K., O'Mara, Tracy A., Romundstad, Pål, Hveem, Kristian, Vatten, Lars, Lønning, Per E., Gansmo, Liv B., and Knappskog, Stian

Subjects
ENDOMETRIAL cancer, DISEASE risk factors, LINKAGE disequilibrium, ENDOMETRIAL hyperplasia
Abstract

Background: A common 30 kb deletion affecting the APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B genes has been linked to increased APOBEC activity and APOBEC‐related mutational signatures in human cancers. The role of this deletion as a cancer risk factor remains controversial. Materials and Methods: We genotyped the APOBEC3A/B deletion in a sample of 1,470 Norwegian endometrial cancer cases and compared to 1,918 healthy controls. For assessment across Caucasian populations, we mined genotypes of the SNP rs12628403, which is in strong linkage disequilibrium with the deletion, in a GWAS dataset of 4,274 cases and 18,125 healthy controls, through the ECAC consortium. Results: We found the APOBEC3A/B deletion variant to be significantly associated with reduced risk of endometrial cancer among Norwegian women (OR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.62–0.91; p = 0.003; dominant model). Similar results were found in the subgroup of endometrioid endometrial cancer (OR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.51–0.79; p = 3.6 × 10−5; dominant model). The observed risk reduction was particularly strong among individuals in the range of 50–60 years of age (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.33–0.78; p = 0.002; dominant model). In the different populations included in the ECAC dataset, the ORs varied from 0.85 to 1.05. Although five out of six populations revealed ORs <1.0, the overall estimate was nonsignificant and, as such, did not formally validate the findings in the Norwegian cohort. Conclusion: The APOBEC3A/B deletion polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer in the Norwegian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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45. Body Size at Different Ages and Risk of 6 Cancers: A Mendelian Randomization and Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Mariosa, Daniela, primary, Smith-Byrne, Karl, additional, Richardson, Tom G, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Gunter, Marc J, additional, Papadimitriou, Nikos, additional, Murphy, Neil, additional, Christakoudi, Sofia, additional, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, Muller, David, additional, Purdue, Mark P, additional, Chanock, Stephen J, additional, Hung, Rayjean J, additional, Amos, Christopher I, additional, O’Mara, Tracy A, additional, Amiano, Pilar, additional, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, additional, Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Halkjær, Jytte, additional, Perez-Cornago, Aurora, additional, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Rylander, Charlotta, additional, Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen, additional, Aune, Dagfinn, additional, Heath, Alicia K, additional, Ward, Heather A, additional, Schulze, Matthias, additional, Bonet, Catalina, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Davey Smith, George, additional, Brennan, Paul, additional, and Johansson, Mattias, additional

Published
2022
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47. Additional file 3 of Identifying molecular mediators of the relationship between body mass index and endometrial cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis

Author

Hazelwood, Emma, Sanderson, Eleanor, Tan, Vanessa Y., Ruth, Katherine S., Frayling, Timothy M., Dimou, Niki, Gunter, Marc J., Dossus, Laure, Newton, Claire, Ryan, Neil, Pournaras, Dimitri J., O’Mara, Tracy A., Davey Smith, George, Martin, Richard M., and Yarmolinsky, James

Abstract

Additional file 3: Appendix S16. STROBE-MR checklist of recommended items to address in reports of Mendelian randomization studies.

Published
2022
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48. Additional file 1 of Identifying molecular mediators of the relationship between body mass index and endometrial cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis

Author

Hazelwood, Emma, Sanderson, Eleanor, Tan, Vanessa Y., Ruth, Katherine S., Frayling, Timothy M., Dimou, Niki, Gunter, Marc J., Dossus, Laure, Newton, Claire, Ryan, Neil, Pournaras, Dimitri J., O’Mara, Tracy A., Davey Smith, George, Martin, Richard M., and Yarmolinsky, James

Abstract

Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Supplementary methods. Appendix S2. List of unique molecular traits identified from literature search. Appendix S3. PubMed search terms for literature review. Table S4. Additional information on GWAS, including covariates adjusted for. Table S6. Results of female BMI sensitivity analysis MR. Table S7. Results of female-specific SNP fasting insulin sensitivity analysis MR. Table S8. Results of female-specific SNP BMI sensitivity mediation analysis. Table S9. Results of female-specific SNP fasting insulin mediation analysis. Table S10. Results of post-hoc power analysis for MR of all molecular traits on endometrial cancer risk, and BMI on all traits confirmed to have a causal effect on endometrial cancer. Table S11. Conditional F-statistics with different levels of genetic correlation for SHBG and bioavailable testosterone and BMI in multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses. Table S12. Conditional F-statistics for fasting insulin (adjusted for BMI) and BMI with differing thresholds used to construct fasting insulin. Table S13. Conditional F-statistics for multivariable Mendelian randomization of BMI and mediators on endometrial cancer risk. Table S14. Conditional F-statistics for further multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses. Table S15. Sample overlap between GWAS. Figure S17. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on overall endometrial cancer risk. Table S18. Results from sensitivity analyses examining the influence of Winner’s curse on GWAS with overlapping samples. Table S19. Results from sensitivity analyses examining the influence of Winner’s curse on GWAS with overlapping samples in analyses determining the mediating role of traits in the relationship between BMI and endometrial cancer risk. Figure S20. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S21. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on non-endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S22. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of total testosterone level on endometrial cancer risk. Figure S23. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of bioavailable testosterone level on endometrial cancer risk. Figure S24. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of fasting insulin level on endometrial cancer risk. Figure S25. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of SHBG level on endometrial cancer risk. Figure S26. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of total serum cholesterol level on endometrial cancer risk. Table S27. Results of female-specific SNP CRP sensitivity analysis MR. Figure S28. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of total testosterone level on endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S29. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of bioavailable testosterone level on endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S30. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of fasting insulin level on endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S31. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of SHBG level on endometrioid endometrial cancer risk. Figure S32. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on fasting insulin level. Figure S33. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on SHBG level. Figure S34. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on bioavailable testosterone level. Figure S35. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on total serum cholesterol level. Figure S36. Leave-one-out analysis for MR examining the effect of adult BMI on C-reactive protein level. Table S37. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with fasting insulin as a potential mediator with BMI-adjusted fasting insulin instrument and 100 SNPs from BMI instrument. Table S38. Results of sensitivity analysis examining the effect of only including 100 SNPs for the BMI instrument in MR analyses. Table S39. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with fasting insulin as a potential mediator with 100 SNPs from BMI instrument. Table S40. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with fasting insulin as a potential mediator with BMI-adjusted fasting insulin instrument. Table S41. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of endometrial cancer with pairs of confirmed mediating molecular traits without BMI. Table S42. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with all confirmed mediating molecular traits with BMI-adjusted fasting insulin. Table S43. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with pairs of confirmed mediating molecular traits. Table S44. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with all confirmed mediating molecular traits including fasting insulin adjusted for BMI with 100 SNPs from BMI instrument. Table S45. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of BMI and endometrial cancer with pairs of confirmed mediating molecular traits with 100 SNPs from BMI instrument. Table S46. Results of multivariable MR mediation analysis examining the effect of endometrial cancer with all confirmed mediating molecular traits without BMI. Table S47. Results from sensitivity analyses examining the influence of Winner’s curse on GWAS with overlapping samples in analyses determining the interdependent effects of mediators of the relationship between BMI and endometrial cancer risk. Table S48. Results of HEIDI test-filtered low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and overall endometrial cancer MR.

Published
2022
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50. Evidence of a Causal Association Between Insulinemia and Endometrial Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Author

Nead, Kevin T., Sharp, Stephen J., Thompson, Deborah J., Painter, Jodie N., Savage, David B., Semple, Robert K., Barker, Adam, Perry, John R. B., Attia, John, Dunning, Alison M., Easton, Douglas F., Holliday, Elizabeth, Lotta, Luca A., O’Mara, Tracy, McEvoy, Mark, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Scott, Rodney J., Spurdle, Amanda B., Langenberg, Claudia, Wareham, Nicholas J., and Scott, Robert A.

Published
2015
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