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1. Case–control study of paternal occupational exposures and childhood bone tumours and soft-tissue sarcomas in Great Britain, 1962–2010

Author

Tim J. Vincent, Murphy Mfg., Charles A. Stiller, Kathryn J. Bunch, and Gerald M. Kendall

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Childhood cancer, Bone Neoplasms, Sarcoma, Ewing, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bone tumours, Internal medicine, Occupational Exposure, Rhabdomyosarcoma, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Cancer, Osteosarcoma, business.industry, Case-control study, Soft tissue, Sarcoma, medicine.disease, Paternal Exposure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Case-Control Studies, Female, business
Abstract

Background This nationwide study investigated associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood bone tumours and soft- tissue sarcomas. Methods The UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided cases of childhood sarcomas born and diagnosed in Great Britain, 1962–2010. Control births, unaffected by childhood cancer, were matched on sex, birth period and birth registration sub-district. Fathers’ occupations were assigned to one or more of 33 exposure groups and coded for occupational social class. Results We analysed 5,369 childhood sarcoma cases and 5380 controls. Total bone tumours, total soft-tissue sarcomas and the subgroups osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumours (ESFT) were considered separately. Significant positive associations were seen between rhabdomyosarcoma and paternal exposure to EMFs (odds ratio = 1.67, CI = 1.22–2.28) and also for ESFT and textile dust (1.93, 1.01–3.63). There were putative protective effects on total bone tumours of paternal dermal exposure to hydrocarbons, metal, metal working or oil mists. Conclusions Despite the large size and freedom from bias of this study, our results should be interpreted with caution. Many significance tests were undertaken, and chance findings are to be expected. Nevertheless, our finding of associations between ESFT and paternal exposure to textile dust may support related suggestions in the literature.

Published
2020

2. Maternal Infection in Pregnancy and Childhood Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Author

He, J-R, Ramakrishnan, R, Hirst, JE, Bonaventure, A, Francis, SS, Paltiel, O, Haberg, SE, Lemeshow, S, Olsen, S, Tikellis, G, Magnus, P, Murphy, MFG, Wiemels, JL, Linet, MS, Dwyer, T, He, J-R, Ramakrishnan, R, Hirst, JE, Bonaventure, A, Francis, SS, Paltiel, O, Haberg, SE, Lemeshow, S, Olsen, S, Tikellis, G, Magnus, P, Murphy, MFG, Wiemels, JL, Linet, MS, and Dwyer, T

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the published evidence regarding the association between maternal infection during pregnancy and childhood leukemia. STUDY DESIGN: In this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO number, CRD42018087289), we searched PubMed and Embase to identify relevant studies. We included human studies that reported associations of at least one measure of maternal infection during pregnancy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or all childhood leukemias in the offspring. One reviewer extracted the data first using a standardized form, and the second reviewer independently checked the data for accuracy. Two reviewers used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of included studies. We conducted random effects meta-analyses to pool the ORs of specific type of infection on ALL and childhood leukemia. RESULTS: This review included 20 studies (ALL, n = 15; childhood leukemia, n = 14) reported in 32 articles. Most (>65%) included studies reported a positive association between infection variables and ALL or childhood leukemia. Among specific types of infection, we found that influenza during pregnancy was associated with higher risk of ALL (pooled OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.34-9.90) and childhood leukemia (pooled OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.01-3.11). Varicella (pooled OR, 10.19; 95% CI, 1.98-52.39) and rubella (pooled OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.16-6.71) infections were also associated with higher childhood leukemia risk. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that maternal infection during pregnancy may be associated with a higher risk of childhood leukemia.

Published
2020

3. Cancer risk in children born after donor assisted reproductive technology

Author

Williams, CL, Bunch, KJ, Murphy, MFG, Stiller, CA, Bottling, BJ, Wallace, WH, Davies, MC, and Sutcliffe, AG

Abstract

Study question: Do children born after donor assisted reproductive technology (ART) have an increased risk of developing childhood cancer in comparison to the general population? Summary answer: This study showed no overall increased risk of childhood cancer in individuals born after donor ART. What is known already: Most large population based studies have shown no increase in overall childhood cancer incidence after non-donor ART; however other studies have suggested small increased risks in specific cancer types, including haematological cancers. Cancer risk specifically in children born after donor ART has not been investigated to date. Study design, size, duration: This retrospective cohort study utilized record linkage to determine the outcome status of all 12,186 children born in Great Britain (1992-2008) after donor ART. The cohort included 12,137 members contributed 95,389 person-years of follow-up (average follow-up 7.86 years). Participants, setting, methods: Records of all children born in Great Britain (England, Wales, Scotland) after all forms of donor ART (1992-2008) were linked to the UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT) to determine the number who subsequently developed cancer by 15 years of age, by the end of 2008. Rates of overall and type specific cancer (selected a priori) were compared with age, sex and calendar year standardised population-based rates, stratifying for potential mediating/moderating factors including sex, age at diagnosis, birth weight, multiple births, maternal previous live births, assisted conception type, and fresh/ cryopreserved cycles. Main results and the role of chance: In our cohort of 12,137 children born after donor assisted reproductive technology (52% male, 55% singleton births), no overall increased risk of cancer was identified. There were 12 cancers detected compared to 14.4 expected (standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43-1.45; P=0.50). A small, significant increased risk of hepatoblastoma was found, but the numbers and absolute risks were small (

Published
2017

4. Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995-2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries

Author

Bonaventure, A., Harewood, R., Stiller, C.A., Gatta, G., Clavel, J., Stefan, D.C., Carreira, H., Spika, D., Marcos-Gragera, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Piñeros, M., Sant, M., Kuehni, C.E., Murphy, MFG, Coleman, M.P., Allemani, C., CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid, S., Hamdi-Chérif, M., Zaidi, Z., Bah, E., Swaminathan, R., Nortje, S.H., El Mistiri, M.M., Bayo, S., Malle, B., Manraj, S.S., Sewpaul-Sungkur, R., Ogunbiyi, O.J., Bradshaw, D., Somdyala, N., Stefan, D.C., Abdel-Rahman, M., Jaidane, L., Mokni, M., Kumcher, I., Moreno, F., González, M.S., Laura, E.A., Espinola, S.B., Calabrano, G.H., Carballo Quintero, B., Fita, R., Garcilazo, D.A., Giacciani, P.L., Diumenjo, M.C., Laspada, W.D., Green, M.A., Lanza, M.F., Ibañez, S.G., Lima, C.A., de Oliveira, E.L., Daniel, C., Scandiuzzi, C., De Souza, P., Melo, C.D., Del Pino, K., Laporte, C., Curado, M.P., de Oliveira, J.C., Veneziano, C., Veneziano, D.B., Azevedo E Silva, G., Galaz, J.C., Moya, J.A., Herrmann, D.A., Vargas, S., Herrera, V.M., Uribe, C.J., Bravo, L.E., Arias-Ortiz, N.E., Jurado, D.M., Yépez, M.C., Galán, Y.H., Torres, P., Martínez-Reyes, F., Pérez-Meza, M.L., Jaramillo, L., Quinto, R., Cueva, P., Yépez, J.G., Torres-Cintrón, C.R., Tortolero-Luna, G., Alonso, R., Barrios, E., Nikiforuk, C., Shack, L., Coldman, A.J., Woods, R.R., Noonan, G., Turner, D., Kumar, E., Zhang, B., McCrate, F.R., Ryan, S., Hannah, H., Dewar, R., MacIntyre, M., Lalany, A., Ruta, M., Marrett, L., Nishri, D.E., McClure, C., Vriends, K.A., Bertrand, C., Louchini, R., Robb, K.I., Stuart-Panko, H., Demers, S., Wright, S., George, J.T., Shen, X., Brockhouse, J.T., O'Brien, D.K., Ward, K.C., Almon, L., Bates, J., Rycroft, R., Mueller, L., Phillips, C., Brown, H., Cromartie, B., Schwartz, A.G., Vigneau, F., MacKinnon, J.A., Wohler, B., Bayakly, A.R., Clarke, C.A., Glaser, S.L., West, D., Green, M.D., Hernandez, B.Y., Johnson, C.J., Jozwik, D., Charlton, M.E., Lynch, C.F., Huang, B., Tucker, T.C., Deapen, D., Liu, L., Hsieh, M.C., Wu, X.C., Stern, K., Gershman, S.T., Knowlton, R.C., Alverson, J., Copeland, G.E., Rogers, D.B., Lemons, D., Williamson, L.L., Hood, M., Hosain, G.M., Rees, J.R., Pawlish, K.S., Stroup, A., Key, C., Wiggins, C., Kahn, A.R., Schymura, M.J., Leung, G., Rao, C., Giljahn, L., Warther, B., Pate, A., Patil, M., Schubert, S.S., Rubertone, J.J., Slack, S.J., Fulton, J.P., Rousseau, D.L., Janes, T.A., Schwartz, S.M., Bolick, S.W., Hurley, D.M., Richards, J., Whiteside, M.A., Nogueira, L.M., Herget, K., Sweeney, C., Martin, J., Wang, S., Harrelson, D.G., Cheteri, M.K., Farley, S., Hudson, A.G., Borchers, R., Stephenson, L., Espinoza, J.R., Weir, H.K., Edwards, B.K., Wang, N., Yang, L., Chen, J.S., Song, G.H., Gu, X.P., Zhang, P., Ge, H.M., Zhao, D.L., Zhang, J.H., Zhu, F.D., Tang, J.G., Shen, Y., Wang, J., Li, Q.L., Yang, X.P., Dong, J., Li, W., Cheng, L.P., Chen, J.G., Huang, Q.H., Huang, S.Q., Guo, G.P., Wei, K., Chen, W.Q., Zeng, H., Demetriou, A.V., Pavlou, P., Mang, W.K., Ngan, K.C., Kataki, A.C., Krishnatreya, M., Jayalekshmi, P.A., Sebastian, P., Sapkota, S.D., Verma, Y., Nandakumar, A., Suzanna, E., Keinan-Boker, L., Silverman, B.G., Ito, H., Nakagawa, H., Hattori, M., Kaizaki, Y., Sugiyama, H., Utada, M., Katayama, K., Narimatsu, H., Kanemura, S., Koike, T., Miyashiro, I., Yoshii, M., Oki, I., Shibata, A., Matsuda, T., Nimri, O., Ab Manan, A., Pathy, N.B., Chimedsuren, O., Tuvshingerel, S., Al Khater, A., Al-Eid, H., Jung, K.W., Won, Y.J., Chiang, C.J., Lai, M.S., Suwanrungruang, K., Wiangnon, S., Daoprasert, K., Pongnikorn, D., Geater, S.L., Sriplung, H., Eser, S., Yakut, C.I., Hackl, M., Mühlböck, H., Oberaigner, W., Zborovskaya, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Henau, K., Van Eycken, L., Dimitrova, N., Valerianova, Z., Šekerija, M., Zvolský, M., Engholm, G., Storm, H., Innos, K., Mägi, M., Malila, N., Seppä, K., Jégu, J., Velten, M., Cornet, E., Troussard, X., Bouvier, A.M., Faivre, J., Guizard, A.V., Bouvier, V., Launoy, G., Arveux, P., Maynadié, M., Mounier, M., Fournier, E., Woronoff, A.S., Daoulas, M., Clavel, J., Le Guyader-Peyrou, S., Monnereau, A., Trétarre, B., Colonna, M., Cowppli-Bony, A., Molinié, F., Bara, S., Degré, D., Ganry, O., Lapôtre-Ledoux, B., Grosclaude, P., Estève, J., Bray, F., Piñeros, M., Sassi, F., Stabenow, R., Eberle, A., Erb, C., Nennecke, A., Kieschke, J., Sirri, E., Kajueter, H., Emrich, K., Zeissig, S.R., Holleczek, B., Eisemann, N., Katalinic, A., Brenner, H., Asquez, R.A., Kumar, V., Ólafsdóttir, E.J., Tryggvadóttir, L., Comber, H., Walsh, P.M., Sundseth, H., Devigili, E., Mazzoleni, G., Giacomin, A., Bella, F., Castaing, M., Sutera, A., Gola, G., Ferretti, S., Serraino, D., Zucchetto, A., Lillini, R., Vercelli, M., Busco, S., Pannozzo, F., Vitarelli, S., Ricci, P., Pascucci, C., Autelitano, M., Cirilli, C., Federico, M., Fusco, M., Vitale, M.F., Usala, M., Cusimano, R., Mazzucco, W., Michiara, M., Sgargi, P., Maule, M.M., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Di Felice, E., Vicentini, M., Falcini, F., Cremone, L., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Contrino, M.L., Tisano, F., Fanetti, A.C., Maspero, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Gentilini, M.A., Piffer, S., Rosso, S., Sacchetto, L., Caldarella, A., La Rosa, F., Stracci, F., Contiero, P., Tagliabue, G., Dei Tos, A.P., Zorzi, M., Zanetti, R., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Liepina, E., Maurina, A., Smailyte, G., Agius, D., Calleja, N., Siesling, S., Visser, O., Larønningen, S., Møller, B., Dyzmann-Sroka, A., Trojanowski, M., Gózdz, S., Mezyk, R., Gradalska-Lampart, M., Radziszewska, A.U., Didkowska, J.A., Wojciechowska, U., Blaszczyk, J., Kepska, K., Bielska-Lasota, M., Kwiatkowska, K., Forjaz, G., Rego, R.A., Bastos, J., Silva, M.A., Antunes, L., Bento, M.J., Mayer-da-Silva, A., Miranda, A., Coza, D., Todescu, A.I., Valkov, M.Y., Adamcik, J., Safaei Diba, C., Primic-Žakelj, M., Žagar, T., Stare, J., Almar, E., Mateos, A., Quirós, J.R., Bidaurrazaga, J., Larrañaga, N., Díaz García, J.M., Marcos, A.I., Marcos-Gragera, R., Vilardell Gil, M.L., Molina, E., Sánchez, M.J., Sureda, P.F., Montserrat, M.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Navarro, C., Ardanaz, E.E., Moreno-Iribas, C.C., Fernández-Delgado, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Khan, S., Lambe, M., Camey, B., Bouchardy, C., Usel, M., Ess, S.M., Herrmann, C., Bulliard, J.L., Maspoli-Conconi, M., Frick, H., Kuehni, C.E., Schindler, M., Bordoni, A., Spitale, A., Chiolero, A., Konzelmann, I., Dehler, S.I., Matthes, K.L., Rashbass, J., Stiller, C.A., Fitzpatrick, D., Gavin, A., Bannon, F., Black, R.J., Brewster, D.H., Huws, D.W., White, C., Finan, P., Allemani, C., Bonaventure, A., Carreira, H., Coleman, M.P., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Liu, K., Matz, M., Montel, L., Nikšić, M., Rachet, B., Sanz, N., Spika, D., Stephens, R., Peake, M., Murphy, M., Chalker, E., Newman, L., Baker, D., Soeberg, M.J., Aitken, J., Scott, C., Stokes, B.C., Venn, A., Farrugia, H., Giles, G.G., Threlfall, T., Currow, D., You, H., Hendrix, J., Lewis, C., Latorre, M.R., and Tanaka, L.F.

Subjects
360 Social problems & social services, 610 Medicine & health
Abstract

BACKGROUND Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia. METHODS Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995-99, 2000-04, and 2005-09), sex, and age at diagnosis (

Published
2017
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5. Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995–2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries

Author

Bonaventure, A, Harewood, R, Stiller, CA, Gatta, G, Clavel, J, Stefan, DC, Carreira, H, Spika, D, Marcos-Gragera, R, Peris-Bonet, R, Piñeros, M, Sant, M, Kuehni, CE, Murphy, MFG, Coleman, MP, Allemani, C, Bouzbid, S, Hamdi-Chérif, M, Zaidi, Z, Bah, E, Swaminathan, R, Nortje, SH, El Mistiri, MM, Bayo, S, Malle, B, Manraj, SS, Sewpaul-Sungkur, R, Fabowale, Bradshaw, D, Somdyala, NIM, Abdel-Rahman, M, Jaidane, L, Mokni, M, Kumcher, I, Moreno, F, González, MS, Laura, EA, Espinola, SB, Calabrano, GH, Carballo Quintero, B, Fita, R, Garcilazo, DA, Giacciani, PL, Diumenjo, MC, Laspada, WD, Green, MA, Lanza, MF, Ibañez, SG, Lima, CA, de Oliveira, EL, Daniel, C, Scandiuzzi, C, De Souza, PCF, Melo, CD, Del Pino, K, Laporte, C, Curado, MP, de Oliveira, JC, Veneziano, CLA, Veneziano, DB, Alexandre, TS, Verdugo, AS, Azevedo e Silva, G, Galaz, JC, Moya, JA, Herrmann, DA, Vargas, S, Herrera, VM, Uribe, CJ, Bravo, LE, Arias-Ortiz, NE, Jurado, DM, Yépez, MC, Galán, YH, Torres, P, Martínez-Reyes, F, Pérez-Meza, ML, Jaramillo, L, Quinto, R, Cueva, P, Yépez, JG, Torres-Cintrón, CR, Tortolero-Luna, G, Alonso, R, Barrios, E, Nikiforuk, C, Shack, L, Coldman, AJ, Woods, RR, Noonan, G, Turner, D, Kumar, E, Zhang, B, McCrate, FR, Ryan, S, Hannah, H, Dewar, RAD, MacIntyre, M, Lalany, A, and Ruta, M

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Survival Analysis, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Research Design, Neoplasms, Hematologic Neoplasms, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Registries, Healthcare Disparities, Child
Abstract

© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY license Background Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia. Methods Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0–14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995–99, 2000–04, and 2005–09), sex, and age at diagnosis (

Published
2017

9. Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995-2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries.

Author

CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid, S., Hamdi-Chérif, M., Zaidi, Z., Bah, E., Swaminathan, R., Nortje, S.H., El Mistiri, M.M., Bayo, S., Malle, B., Manraj, S.S., Sewpaul-Sungkur, R., Ogunbiyi, O.J., Bradshaw, D., Somdyala, N., Stefan, D.C., Abdel-Rahman, M., Jaidane, L., Mokni, M., Kumcher, I., Moreno, F., González, M.S., Laura, E.A., Espinola, S.B., Calabrano, G.H., Carballo Quintero, B., Fita, R., Garcilazo, D.A., Giacciani, P.L., Diumenjo, M.C., Laspada, W.D., Green, M.A., Lanza, M.F., Ibañez, S.G., Lima, C.A., de Oliveira, E.L., Daniel, C., Scandiuzzi, C., De Souza, P., Melo, C.D., Del Pino, K., Laporte, C., Curado, M.P., de Oliveira, J.C., Veneziano, C., Veneziano, D.B., Azevedo E Silva, G., Galaz, J.C., Moya, J.A., Herrmann, D.A., Vargas, S., Herrera, V.M., Uribe, C.J., Bravo, L.E., Arias-Ortiz, N.E., Jurado, D.M., Yépez, M.C., Galán, Y.H., Torres, P., Martínez-Reyes, F., Pérez-Meza, M.L., Jaramillo, L., Quinto, R., Cueva, P., Yépez, J.G., Torres-Cintrón, C.R., Tortolero-Luna, G., Alonso, R., Barrios, E., Nikiforuk, C., Shack, L., Coldman, A.J., Woods, R.R., Noonan, G., Turner, D., Kumar, E., Zhang, B., McCrate, F.R., Ryan, S., Hannah, H., Dewar, R., MacIntyre, M., Lalany, A., Ruta, M., Marrett, L., Nishri, D.E., McClure, C., Vriends, K.A., Bertrand, C., Louchini, R., Robb, K.I., Stuart-Panko, H., Demers, S., Wright, S., George, J.T., Shen, X., Brockhouse, J.T., O'Brien, D.K., Ward, K.C., Almon, L., Bates, J., Rycroft, R., Mueller, L., Phillips, C., Brown, H., Cromartie, B., Schwartz, A.G., Vigneau, F., MacKinnon, J.A., Wohler, B., Bayakly, A.R., Clarke, C.A., Glaser, S.L., West, D., Green, M.D., Hernandez, B.Y., Johnson, C.J., Jozwik, D., Charlton, M.E., Lynch, C.F., Huang, B., Tucker, T.C., Deapen, D., Liu, L., Hsieh, M.C., Wu, X.C., Stern, K., Gershman, S.T., Knowlton, R.C., Alverson, J., Copeland, G.E., Rogers, D.B., Lemons, D., Williamson, L.L., Hood, M., Hosain, G.M., Rees, J.R., Pawlish, K.S., Stroup, A., Key, C., Wiggins, C., Kahn, A.R., Schymura, M.J., Leung, G., Rao, C., Giljahn, L., Warther, B., Pate, A., Patil, M., Schubert, S.S., Rubertone, J.J., Slack, S.J., Fulton, J.P., Rousseau, D.L., Janes, T.A., Schwartz, S.M., Bolick, S.W., Hurley, D.M., Richards, J., Whiteside, M.A., Nogueira, L.M., Herget, K., Sweeney, C., Martin, J., Wang, S., Harrelson, D.G., Cheteri, M.K., Farley, S., Hudson, A.G., Borchers, R., Stephenson, L., Espinoza, J.R., Weir, H.K., Edwards, B.K., Wang, N., Yang, L., Chen, J.S., Song, G.H., Gu, X.P., Zhang, P., Ge, H.M., Zhao, D.L., Zhang, J.H., Zhu, F.D., Tang, J.G., Shen, Y., Wang, J., Li, Q.L., Yang, X.P., Dong, J., Li, W., Cheng, L.P., Chen, J.G., Huang, Q.H., Huang, S.Q., Guo, G.P., Wei, K., Chen, W.Q., Zeng, H., Demetriou, A.V., Pavlou, P., Mang, W.K., Ngan, K.C., Kataki, A.C., Krishnatreya, M., Jayalekshmi, P.A., Sebastian, P., Sapkota, S.D., Verma, Y., Nandakumar, A., Suzanna, E., Keinan-Boker, L., Silverman, B.G., Ito, H., Nakagawa, H., Hattori, M., Kaizaki, Y., Sugiyama, H., Utada, M., Katayama, K., Narimatsu, H., Kanemura, S., Koike, T., Miyashiro, I., Yoshii, M., Oki, I., Shibata, A., Matsuda, T., Nimri, O., Ab Manan, A., Pathy, N.B., Chimedsuren, O., Tuvshingerel, S., Al Khater, A., Al-Eid, H., Jung, K.W., Won, Y.J., Chiang, C.J., Lai, M.S., Suwanrungruang, K., Wiangnon, S., Daoprasert, K., Pongnikorn, D., Geater, S.L., Sriplung, H., Eser, S., Yakut, C.I., Hackl, M., Mühlböck, H., Oberaigner, W., Zborovskaya, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Henau, K., Van Eycken, L., Dimitrova, N., Valerianova, Z., Šekerija, M., Zvolský, M., Engholm, G., Storm, H., Innos, K., Mägi, M., Malila, N., Seppä, K., Jégu, J., Velten, M., Cornet, E., Troussard, X., Bouvier, A.M., Faivre, J., Guizard, A.V., Bouvier, V., Launoy, G., Arveux, P., Maynadié, M., Mounier, M., Fournier, E., Woronoff, A.S., Daoulas, M., Clavel, J., Le Guyader-Peyrou, S., Monnereau, A., Trétarre, B., Colonna, M., Cowppli-Bony, A., Molinié, F., Bara, S., Degré, D., Ganry, O., Lapôtre-Ledoux, B., Grosclaude, P., Estève, J., Bray, F., Piñeros, M., Sassi, F., Stabenow, R., Eberle, A., Erb, C., Nennecke, A., Kieschke, J., Sirri, E., Kajueter, H., Emrich, K., Zeissig, S.R., Holleczek, B., Eisemann, N., Katalinic, A., Brenner, H., Asquez, R.A., Kumar, V., Ólafsdóttir, E.J., Tryggvadóttir, L., Comber, H., Walsh, P.M., Sundseth, H., Devigili, E., Mazzoleni, G., Giacomin, A., Bella, F., Castaing, M., Sutera, A., Gola, G., Ferretti, S., Serraino, D., Zucchetto, A., Lillini, R., Vercelli, M., Busco, S., Pannozzo, F., Vitarelli, S., Ricci, P., Pascucci, C., Autelitano, M., Cirilli, C., Federico, M., Fusco, M., Vitale, M.F., Usala, M., Cusimano, R., Mazzucco, W., Michiara, M., Sgargi, P., Maule, M.M., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Di Felice, E., Vicentini, M., Falcini, F., Cremone, L., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Contrino, M.L., Tisano, F., Fanetti, A.C., Maspero, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Gentilini, M.A., Piffer, S., Rosso, S., Sacchetto, L., Caldarella, A., La Rosa, F., Stracci, F., Contiero, P., Tagliabue, G., Dei Tos, A.P., Zorzi, M., Zanetti, R., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Liepina, E., Maurina, A., Smailyte, G., Agius, D., Calleja, N., Siesling, S., Visser, O., Larønningen, S., Møller, B., Dyzmann-Sroka, A., Trojanowski, M., Gózdz, S., Mezyk, R., Gradalska-Lampart, M., Radziszewska, A.U., Didkowska, J.A., Wojciechowska, U., Blaszczyk, J., Kepska, K., Bielska-Lasota, M., Kwiatkowska, K., Forjaz, G., Rego, R.A., Bastos, J., Silva, M.A., Antunes, L., Bento, M.J., Mayer-da-Silva, A., Miranda, A., Coza, D., Todescu, A.I., Valkov, M.Y., Adamcik, J., Safaei Diba, C., Primic-Žakelj, M., Žagar, T., Stare, J., Almar, E., Mateos, A., Quirós, J.R., Bidaurrazaga, J., Larrañaga, N., Díaz García, J.M., Marcos, A.I., Marcos-Gragera, R., Vilardell Gil, M.L., Molina, E., Sánchez, M.J., Sureda, P.F., Montserrat, M.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Navarro, C., Ardanaz, E.E., Moreno-Iribas, C.C., Fernández-Delgado, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Khan, S., Lambe, M., Camey, B., Bouchardy, C., Usel, M., Ess, S.M., Herrmann, C., Bulliard, J.L., Maspoli-Conconi, M., Frick, H., Kuehni, C.E., Schindler, M., Bordoni, A., Spitale, A., Chiolero, A., Konzelmann, I., Dehler, S.I., Matthes, K.L., Rashbass, J., Stiller, C.A., Fitzpatrick, D., Gavin, A., Bannon, F., Black, R.J., Brewster, D.H., Huws, D.W., White, C., Finan, P., Allemani, C., Bonaventure, A., Carreira, H., Coleman, M.P., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Liu, K., Matz, M., Montel, L., Nikšić, M., Rachet, B., Sanz, N., Spika, D., Stephens, R., Peake, M., Murphy, M., Chalker, E., Newman, L., Baker, D., Soeberg, M.J., Aitken, J., Scott, C., Stokes, B.C., Venn, A., Farrugia, H., Giles, G.G., Threlfall, T., Currow, D., You, H., Hendrix, J., Lewis, C., Latorre, M.R., Tanaka, L.F., Murphy, MFG, CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid, S., Hamdi-Chérif, M., Zaidi, Z., Bah, E., Swaminathan, R., Nortje, S.H., El Mistiri, M.M., Bayo, S., Malle, B., Manraj, S.S., Sewpaul-Sungkur, R., Ogunbiyi, O.J., Bradshaw, D., Somdyala, N., Stefan, D.C., Abdel-Rahman, M., Jaidane, L., Mokni, M., Kumcher, I., Moreno, F., González, M.S., Laura, E.A., Espinola, S.B., Calabrano, G.H., Carballo Quintero, B., Fita, R., Garcilazo, D.A., Giacciani, P.L., Diumenjo, M.C., Laspada, W.D., Green, M.A., Lanza, M.F., Ibañez, S.G., Lima, C.A., de Oliveira, E.L., Daniel, C., Scandiuzzi, C., De Souza, P., Melo, C.D., Del Pino, K., Laporte, C., Curado, M.P., de Oliveira, J.C., Veneziano, C., Veneziano, D.B., Azevedo E Silva, G., Galaz, J.C., Moya, J.A., Herrmann, D.A., Vargas, S., Herrera, V.M., Uribe, C.J., Bravo, L.E., Arias-Ortiz, N.E., Jurado, D.M., Yépez, M.C., Galán, Y.H., Torres, P., Martínez-Reyes, F., Pérez-Meza, M.L., Jaramillo, L., Quinto, R., Cueva, P., Yépez, J.G., Torres-Cintrón, C.R., Tortolero-Luna, G., Alonso, R., Barrios, E., Nikiforuk, C., Shack, L., Coldman, A.J., Woods, R.R., Noonan, G., Turner, D., Kumar, E., Zhang, B., McCrate, F.R., Ryan, S., Hannah, H., Dewar, R., MacIntyre, M., Lalany, A., Ruta, M., Marrett, L., Nishri, D.E., McClure, C., Vriends, K.A., Bertrand, C., Louchini, R., Robb, K.I., Stuart-Panko, H., Demers, S., Wright, S., George, J.T., Shen, X., Brockhouse, J.T., O'Brien, D.K., Ward, K.C., Almon, L., Bates, J., Rycroft, R., Mueller, L., Phillips, C., Brown, H., Cromartie, B., Schwartz, A.G., Vigneau, F., MacKinnon, J.A., Wohler, B., Bayakly, A.R., Clarke, C.A., Glaser, S.L., West, D., Green, M.D., Hernandez, B.Y., Johnson, C.J., Jozwik, D., Charlton, M.E., Lynch, C.F., Huang, B., Tucker, T.C., Deapen, D., Liu, L., Hsieh, M.C., Wu, X.C., Stern, K., Gershman, S.T., Knowlton, R.C., Alverson, J., Copeland, G.E., Rogers, D.B., Lemons, D., Williamson, L.L., Hood, M., Hosain, G.M., Rees, J.R., Pawlish, K.S., Stroup, A., Key, C., Wiggins, C., Kahn, A.R., Schymura, M.J., Leung, G., Rao, C., Giljahn, L., Warther, B., Pate, A., Patil, M., Schubert, S.S., Rubertone, J.J., Slack, S.J., Fulton, J.P., Rousseau, D.L., Janes, T.A., Schwartz, S.M., Bolick, S.W., Hurley, D.M., Richards, J., Whiteside, M.A., Nogueira, L.M., Herget, K., Sweeney, C., Martin, J., Wang, S., Harrelson, D.G., Cheteri, M.K., Farley, S., Hudson, A.G., Borchers, R., Stephenson, L., Espinoza, J.R., Weir, H.K., Edwards, B.K., Wang, N., Yang, L., Chen, J.S., Song, G.H., Gu, X.P., Zhang, P., Ge, H.M., Zhao, D.L., Zhang, J.H., Zhu, F.D., Tang, J.G., Shen, Y., Wang, J., Li, Q.L., Yang, X.P., Dong, J., Li, W., Cheng, L.P., Chen, J.G., Huang, Q.H., Huang, S.Q., Guo, G.P., Wei, K., Chen, W.Q., Zeng, H., Demetriou, A.V., Pavlou, P., Mang, W.K., Ngan, K.C., Kataki, A.C., Krishnatreya, M., Jayalekshmi, P.A., Sebastian, P., Sapkota, S.D., Verma, Y., Nandakumar, A., Suzanna, E., Keinan-Boker, L., Silverman, B.G., Ito, H., Nakagawa, H., Hattori, M., Kaizaki, Y., Sugiyama, H., Utada, M., Katayama, K., Narimatsu, H., Kanemura, S., Koike, T., Miyashiro, I., Yoshii, M., Oki, I., Shibata, A., Matsuda, T., Nimri, O., Ab Manan, A., Pathy, N.B., Chimedsuren, O., Tuvshingerel, S., Al Khater, A., Al-Eid, H., Jung, K.W., Won, Y.J., Chiang, C.J., Lai, M.S., Suwanrungruang, K., Wiangnon, S., Daoprasert, K., Pongnikorn, D., Geater, S.L., Sriplung, H., Eser, S., Yakut, C.I., Hackl, M., Mühlböck, H., Oberaigner, W., Zborovskaya, A.A., Aleinikova, O.V., Henau, K., Van Eycken, L., Dimitrova, N., Valerianova, Z., Šekerija, M., Zvolský, M., Engholm, G., Storm, H., Innos, K., Mägi, M., Malila, N., Seppä, K., Jégu, J., Velten, M., Cornet, E., Troussard, X., Bouvier, A.M., Faivre, J., Guizard, A.V., Bouvier, V., Launoy, G., Arveux, P., Maynadié, M., Mounier, M., Fournier, E., Woronoff, A.S., Daoulas, M., Clavel, J., Le Guyader-Peyrou, S., Monnereau, A., Trétarre, B., Colonna, M., Cowppli-Bony, A., Molinié, F., Bara, S., Degré, D., Ganry, O., Lapôtre-Ledoux, B., Grosclaude, P., Estève, J., Bray, F., Piñeros, M., Sassi, F., Stabenow, R., Eberle, A., Erb, C., Nennecke, A., Kieschke, J., Sirri, E., Kajueter, H., Emrich, K., Zeissig, S.R., Holleczek, B., Eisemann, N., Katalinic, A., Brenner, H., Asquez, R.A., Kumar, V., Ólafsdóttir, E.J., Tryggvadóttir, L., Comber, H., Walsh, P.M., Sundseth, H., Devigili, E., Mazzoleni, G., Giacomin, A., Bella, F., Castaing, M., Sutera, A., Gola, G., Ferretti, S., Serraino, D., Zucchetto, A., Lillini, R., Vercelli, M., Busco, S., Pannozzo, F., Vitarelli, S., Ricci, P., Pascucci, C., Autelitano, M., Cirilli, C., Federico, M., Fusco, M., Vitale, M.F., Usala, M., Cusimano, R., Mazzucco, W., Michiara, M., Sgargi, P., Maule, M.M., Sacerdote, C., Tumino, R., Di Felice, E., Vicentini, M., Falcini, F., Cremone, L., Budroni, M., Cesaraccio, R., Contrino, M.L., Tisano, F., Fanetti, A.C., Maspero, S., Candela, G., Scuderi, T., Gentilini, M.A., Piffer, S., Rosso, S., Sacchetto, L., Caldarella, A., La Rosa, F., Stracci, F., Contiero, P., Tagliabue, G., Dei Tos, A.P., Zorzi, M., Zanetti, R., Baili, P., Berrino, F., Gatta, G., Sant, M., Capocaccia, R., De Angelis, R., Liepina, E., Maurina, A., Smailyte, G., Agius, D., Calleja, N., Siesling, S., Visser, O., Larønningen, S., Møller, B., Dyzmann-Sroka, A., Trojanowski, M., Gózdz, S., Mezyk, R., Gradalska-Lampart, M., Radziszewska, A.U., Didkowska, J.A., Wojciechowska, U., Blaszczyk, J., Kepska, K., Bielska-Lasota, M., Kwiatkowska, K., Forjaz, G., Rego, R.A., Bastos, J., Silva, M.A., Antunes, L., Bento, M.J., Mayer-da-Silva, A., Miranda, A., Coza, D., Todescu, A.I., Valkov, M.Y., Adamcik, J., Safaei Diba, C., Primic-Žakelj, M., Žagar, T., Stare, J., Almar, E., Mateos, A., Quirós, J.R., Bidaurrazaga, J., Larrañaga, N., Díaz García, J.M., Marcos, A.I., Marcos-Gragera, R., Vilardell Gil, M.L., Molina, E., Sánchez, M.J., Sureda, P.F., Montserrat, M.R., Chirlaque, M.D., Navarro, C., Ardanaz, E.E., Moreno-Iribas, C.C., Fernández-Delgado, R., Peris-Bonet, R., Galceran, J., Khan, S., Lambe, M., Camey, B., Bouchardy, C., Usel, M., Ess, S.M., Herrmann, C., Bulliard, J.L., Maspoli-Conconi, M., Frick, H., Kuehni, C.E., Schindler, M., Bordoni, A., Spitale, A., Chiolero, A., Konzelmann, I., Dehler, S.I., Matthes, K.L., Rashbass, J., Stiller, C.A., Fitzpatrick, D., Gavin, A., Bannon, F., Black, R.J., Brewster, D.H., Huws, D.W., White, C., Finan, P., Allemani, C., Bonaventure, A., Carreira, H., Coleman, M.P., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Liu, K., Matz, M., Montel, L., Nikšić, M., Rachet, B., Sanz, N., Spika, D., Stephens, R., Peake, M., Murphy, M., Chalker, E., Newman, L., Baker, D., Soeberg, M.J., Aitken, J., Scott, C., Stokes, B.C., Venn, A., Farrugia, H., Giles, G.G., Threlfall, T., Currow, D., You, H., Hendrix, J., Lewis, C., Latorre, M.R., Tanaka, L.F., and Murphy, MFG

Abstract

Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia. Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995-99, 2000-04, and 2005-09), sex, and age at diagnosis (<1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years, inclusive) using appropriate life tables. We estimated age-standardised net survival for international comparison of survival trends for precursor-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We analysed data from 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries. During 1995-99, 5-year age-standardised net survival for all lymphoid leukaemias combined ranged from 10·6% (95% CI 3·1-18·2) in the Chinese registries to 86·8% (81·6-92·0) in Austria. International differences in 5-year survival for childhood leukaemia were still large as recently as 2005-09, when age-standardised survival for lymphoid leukaemias ranged from 52·4% (95% CI 42

Published
2017

10. Case-control study of paternal occupation and childhood leukaemia in Great Britain, 19622006

Author

Thomas Keegan, Tim J. Vincent, A MacCarthy, J. C. King, Kate A. O'Neill, Gerald M. Kendall, Kathryn J. Bunch, Nicola T. Fear, and Murphy Mfg.

Subjects
Male, Cancer Research, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Risk Assessment, Fathers, childhood leukaemia, Risk Factors, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, childhood cancer, Humans, Occupations, Child, Psychiatry, Leukemia, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Case-control study, Infant, Environmental Exposure, Environmental exposure, Infant newborn, United Kingdom, Childhood leukaemia, Oncology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Preschool, paternal occupation, Female, social class, business, Risk assessment
Abstract

Background: Paternal occupational exposures have been proposed as a risk factor for childhood leukaemia. This study investigates possible associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood leukaemia in Great Britain. Methods: The National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided all cases of childhood leukaemia born and diagnosed in Great Britain between 1962 and 2006. Controls were matched on sex, period of birth and birth registration subdistrict. Fathers occupations were assigned to 1 or more of 33 exposure groups. Social class was derived from fathers occupation at the time of the childs birth. Results: A total of 16 764 cases of childhood leukaemia were ascertained. One exposure group, paternal social contact, was associated with total childhood leukaemia (odds ratio 1.14, 1.051.23); this association remained significant when adjusted for social class. The subtypes lymphoid leukaemia (LL) and acute myeloid leukaemia showed increased risk with paternal exposure to social contact before adjustment for social class. Risk of other leukaemias was significantly increased by exposure to electromagnetic fields, persisting after adjustment for social class. For total leukaemia, the risks for exposure to lead and exhaust fumes were significantly 1. Occupationally derived social class was associated with risk of LL, with the risk being increased in the higher social classes. Conclusion: Our results showed some support for a positive association between childhood leukaemia risk and paternal occupation involving social contact. Additionally, LL risk increased with higher paternal occupational social class. © 2012 Cancer Research UK All rights reserved.

Published
2012

11. THE AUTHORS REPLY

Author

Kheifets, L, Ahlbom, A, Crespi, CM, Feychting, M, Johansen, C, Monroe, J, Schüz, J, Murphy, MFG, Oksuzyan, S, Preston-Martin, S, Roman, E, Saito, T, Savitz, D, Simpson, J, Swanson, J, Tynes, T, Verkasalo, P, and Mezei, G

Subjects
Epidemiology
Published
2010
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13. The effects of twins, parity and age at first birth on cancer risk in Swedish women

Author

Neale, Re, Darlington, S., Murphy, Mfg, Silcocks, Pbs, Purdie, Dm, and Mats Talbäck

Subjects
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract

The effect of reproductive history on the risk of cervical, colorectal and thyroid cancers and melanoma has been explored but the results to date are inconsistent. We aimed to examine in a record- linkage cohort study the risk of developing these cancers, as well as breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers, among mothers who had given birth to twins compared with those who had only singleton pregnancies. Women who delivered a baby in Sweden between 1961 and 1996 and who were 15 years or younger in 1961 were selected from the Swedish civil birth register and linked with the Swedish cancer registry. We used Poisson regression to assess associations between reproductive factors and cancer. Twinning was associated with reduced risks of breast, colorectal, ovarian and uterine cancers, although no relative risks were statistically significant. The delivery of twins did not increase the risk of any cancers studied. Increasing numbers of maternities were associated with significantly reduced risks of all tumors except thyroid cancer. We found positive associations between a later age at first birth and breast cancer and melanoma, while there were inverse associations with cervix, ovarian, uterine and colorectal cancers. These findings lend weight to the hypothesis that hormonal factors influence the etiology of colorectal cancer in women, but argue against any strong effect of hormones on the development of melanoma or tumors of the thyroid.

16. Common maternal infections during pregnancy and childhood leukaemia in the offspring: findings from six international birth cohorts.

Author

He JR, Hirst JE, Tikellis G, Phillips GS, Ramakrishnan R, Paltiel O, Ponsonby AL, Klebanoff M, Olsen J, Murphy MFG, Håberg SE, Lemeshow S, F Olsen S, Qiu X, Magnus P, Golding J, Ward MH, Wiemels JL, Rahimi K, Linet MS, and Dwyer T

Subjects
Acute Disease, Birth Cohort, Child, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Influenza, Human complications, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute complications, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute epidemiology, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
Abstract

Background: Previous epidemiological studies have found positive associations between maternal infections and childhood leukaemia; however, evidence from prospective cohort studies is scarce. We aimed to examine the associations using large-scale prospective data., Methods: Data were pooled from six population-based birth cohorts in Australia, Denmark, Israel, Norway, the UK and the USA (recruitment 1950s-2000s). Primary outcomes were any childhood leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL); secondary outcomes were acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and any childhood cancer. Exposures included maternal self-reported infections [influenza-like illness, common cold, any respiratory tract infection, vaginal thrush, vaginal infections and urinary tract infection (including cystitis)] and infection-associated symptoms (fever and diarrhoea) during pregnancy. Covariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multilevel Cox models., Results: Among 312 879 children with a median follow-up of 13.6 years, 167 leukaemias, including 129 ALL and 33 AML, were identified. Maternal urinary tract infection was associated with increased risk of any leukaemia [HR (95% CI) 1.68 (1.10-2.58)] and subtypes ALL [1.49 (0.87-2.56)] and AML [2.70 ([0.93-7.86)], but not with any cancer [1.13 (0.85-1.51)]. Respiratory tract infection was associated with increased risk of any leukaemia [1.57 (1.06-2.34)], ALL [1.43 (0.94-2.19)], AML [2.37 (1.10-5.12)] and any cancer [1.33 (1.09-1.63)]; influenza-like illness showed a similar pattern but with less precise estimates. There was no evidence of a link between other infections and any outcomes., Conclusions: Urinary tract and respiratory tract infections during pregnancy may be associated with childhood leukaemia, but the absolute risk is small given the rarity of the outcome., (© The Author(s) 2021; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.)

Published
2022
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17. Case-control study of paternal occupational exposures and childhood bone tumours and soft-tissue sarcomas in Great Britain, 1962-2010.

Author

Kendall GM, Bunch KJ, Stiller CA, Vincent TJ, and Murphy MFG

Subjects
Case-Control Studies, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Osteosarcoma etiology, Rhabdomyosarcoma etiology, Sarcoma, Ewing etiology, Bone Neoplasms etiology, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Paternal Exposure adverse effects, Sarcoma etiology
Abstract

Background: This nationwide study investigated associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood bone tumours and soft- tissue sarcomas., Methods: The UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided cases of childhood sarcomas born and diagnosed in Great Britain, 1962-2010. Control births, unaffected by childhood cancer, were matched on sex, birth period and birth registration sub-district. Fathers' occupations were assigned to one or more of 33 exposure groups and coded for occupational social class., Results: We analysed 5,369 childhood sarcoma cases and 5380 controls. Total bone tumours, total soft-tissue sarcomas and the subgroups osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumours (ESFT) were considered separately. Significant positive associations were seen between rhabdomyosarcoma and paternal exposure to EMFs (odds ratio = 1.67, CI = 1.22-2.28) and also for ESFT and textile dust (1.93, 1.01-3.63). There were putative protective effects on total bone tumours of paternal dermal exposure to hydrocarbons, metal, metal working or oil mists., Conclusions: Despite the large size and freedom from bias of this study, our results should be interpreted with caution. Many significance tests were undertaken, and chance findings are to be expected. Nevertheless, our finding of associations between ESFT and paternal exposure to textile dust may support related suggestions in the literature.

Published
2020
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18. Case-control study of paternal occupational exposures and childhood lymphoma in Great Britain, 1962-2010.

Author

Bunch KJ, Kendall GM, Stiller CA, Vincent TJ, and Murphy MFG

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Burkitt Lymphoma epidemiology, Case-Control Studies, Child, Female, Hodgkin Disease epidemiology, Humans, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Registries, United Kingdom epidemiology, Young Adult, Lymphoma epidemiology, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data, Paternal Exposure statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: This nationwide study investigates associations between paternal occupational exposure and childhood lymphoma., Methods: The UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours provided cases of childhood lymphoma born and diagnosed in Great Britain 1962-2010. Control births, unaffected by childhood cancer, were matched on sex, birth period and birth registration sub-district. Fathers' occupations were assigned to one or more of 33 exposure groups and also coded for occupational social class., Results: We analysed 5033 childhood lymphoma cases and 4990 controls. Total lymphoma and the subgroups Hodgkin, Burkitt and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were considered separately. No one exposure was significantly associated with increased risk within all subgroups and for total lymphoma. However, exposure to "ceramics and glass" was significantly associated with increased risk of total lymphoma, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Paternal lead exposure was associated with Burkitt lymphoma and exposure to metal fumes was associated with Hodgkin lymphoma., Conclusions: This study provides no support for previous suggestions of an association between childhood lymphoma and paternal occupational exposure to pesticides, solvents/hydrocarbons or infections potentially transmitted by father's social contacts. An association with exposure to "ceramics and glass" was noted for the two major lymphoma subtypes together comprising 80% of total lymphoma.

Published
2019
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19. Childhood cancer research in Oxford II: The Childhood Cancer Research Group.

Author

Draper GJ, Bithell JF, Bunch KJ, Kendall GM, Murphy MFG, and Stiller CA

Subjects
Child, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Registries, United Kingdom epidemiology, Biomedical Research statistics & numerical data, Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract

Background: We summarise the work of the Childhood Cancer Research Group, particularly in relation to the UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT)., Methods: The Group was responsible for setting up and maintaining the NRCT. This registry was based on notifications from regional cancer registries, specialist children's tumour registries, paediatric oncologists and clinical trials organisers. For a large sample of cases, data on controls matched by date and place of birth were also collected., Results: Significant achievements of the Group include: studies of aetiology and of genetic epidemiology; proposals for, and participation in, international comparative studies of these diseases and on a classification system specifically for childhood cancer; the initial development of, and major contributions to, follow-up studies of the health of long-term survivors; the enhancement of cancer registration records by the addition of clinical data and of birth records. The Group made substantial contributions to the UK government's Committee on Medical Aspects of Radiation in the Environment., Conclusion: An important part of the ethos of the Group was to work in collaboration with many other organisations and individuals, both nationally and internationally: many of the Group's achievements described here were the result of such collaborations.

Published
2018
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20. Childhood cancer research in oxford III: The work of CCRG on ionising radiation.

Author

Kendall GM, Bithell JF, Bunch KJ, Draper GJ, Kroll ME, Murphy MFG, Stiller CA, and Vincent TJ

Subjects
Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced etiology, United Kingdom epidemiology, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced epidemiology, Radiation Exposure adverse effects
Abstract

Background: High doses of ionising radiation are a known cause of childhood cancer and great public and professional interest attaches to possible links between childhood cancer and lower doses, particularly of man-made radiation. This paper describes work done by the Childhood Cancer Research Group (CCRG) on this topic METHODS: Most UK investigations have made use of the National Registry of Childhood Tumours and associated controls. Epidemiological investigations have included national incidence and mortality analyses, geographical investigations, record linkage and case-control studies. Dosimetric studies use biokinetic and dosimetric modelling., Results: This paper reviews the work of the CCRG on the association between exposure to ionising radiation and childhood cancer, 1975-2014., Conclusion: The work of CCRG has been influential in developing understanding of the causes of 'clusters' of childhood cancer and the risks arising from exposure to ionising radiation both natural and man-made. Some clusters around nuclear installations have certainly been observed, but ionising radiation does not seem to be a plausible cause. The group's work has also been instrumental in discounting the hypothesis that paternal preconception irradiation was a cause of childhood cancers and has demonstrated an increased leukaemia risk for children exposed to higher levels of natural gamma-ray radiation.

Published
2018
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21. Cancer risk in children born after donor ART.

Author

Williams CL, Bunch KJ, Murphy MFG, Stiller CA, Botting BJ, Wallace WH, Davies MC, and Sutcliffe AG

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Female, Hepatoblastoma epidemiology, Hepatoblastoma etiology, Humans, Infant, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Liver Neoplasms epidemiology, Liver Neoplasms etiology, Male, Neoplasms epidemiology, Pregnancy, Registries, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United Kingdom epidemiology, Neoplasms etiology, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted adverse effects, Tissue Donors
Abstract

Study Question: Do children born after donor ART have an increased risk of developing childhood cancer in comparison to the general population?, Summary Answer: This study showed no overall increased risk of childhood cancer in individuals born after donor ART., What Is Known Already: Most large population-based studies have shown no increase in overall childhood cancer incidence after non-donor ART; however, other studies have suggested small increased risks in specific cancer types, including haematological cancers. Cancer risk specifically in children born after donor ART has not been investigated to date., Study Design, Size, Duration: This retrospective cohort study utilized record linkage to determine the outcome status of all children born in Great Britain (1992-2008) after donor ART. The cohort included 12 137 members who contributed 95 389 person-years of follow-up (average follow-up 7.86 years)., Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: Records of all children born in Great Britain (England, Wales, Scotland) after all forms of donor ART (1992-2008) were linked to the UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT) to determine the number who subsequently developed cancer by 15 years of age, by the end of 2008. Rates of overall and type specific cancer (selected a priori) were compared with age, sex and calendar year standardized population-based rates, stratifying for potential mediating/moderating factors including sex, age at diagnosis, birth weight, multiple births, maternal previous live births, assisted conception type and fresh/ cryopreserved cycles., Main Results and the Role of Chance: In our cohort of 12 137 children born after donor ART (52% male, 55% singleton births), no overall increased risk of cancer was identified. There were 12 cancers detected compared to 14.4 expected (standardized incidence ratio (SIR) 0.83; 95% CI 0.43-1.45; P = 0.50). A small, significant increased risk of hepatoblastoma was found, but the numbers and absolute risks were small (<5 cases observed; SIR 10.28; 95% CI 1.25-37.14; P < 0.05). This increased hepatoblastoma risk was associated with low birthweight., Limitations Reasons for Caution: Although this study includes a large number of children born after donor ART, the rarity of specific diagnostic subgroups of childhood cancer results in few cases and therefore wide CIs for such outcomes. As this is an observational study, it is not possible to adjust for all potential confounders; we have instead used stratification to explore potential moderating and mediating factors, where data were available., Wider Implications of the Findings: This is the first study to investigate cancer risk in children born after donor ART. Although based on small numbers, results are reassuring for families and clinicians. The small but significant increased risk of hepatoblastoma detected was associated with low birthweight, a known risk factor for this tumour type. It should be emphasized that the absolute risks are very small. However, on-going investigation with a longer follow-up is needed., Study Funding/competing Interest(s): This work was funded by Cancer Research UK (C36038/A12535) and the National Institute for Health Research (405526) and supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London. The work of the Childhood Cancer Research Group (CCRG) was supported by the charity CHILDREN with CANCER UK, the National Cancer Intelligence Network, the Scottish Government and the Department of Health for England and Wales. There are no competing interests., Trial Registration Number: N/A., (© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com)

Published
2018
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