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The authors explain the context in which electronic records are being preserved. They explain the concept of authentic electronic records and proceed with the analysis of the technologies supporting trust in electronic records. They start by explaining the Public Key Infrastructure as the requirement for electronic signatures, digital certificates, the concept of non-repudiation, trusted archive service, timestamps and trusted digital timestamping. Further, they analyse formats of electronic signatures – XMLDSig, XAdES, CAdES, PAdES – and their possible influence on the long-term preservation of validity of electronically signed records. The authors conclude that although strict requirements of certain types of electronic signatures can ensure authenticity, integrity and non- repudiation of preserved records, they will still require preservation action on the level of medium and files.

With the turn towards the digital age, a growing number of institutions in the GLAM (Galleries, Archives, Museums and Libraries) sector started to identify a need for digitising their different collections placing them online with goals to preserve and exhibit them in the digital environment. After the initial efforts to develop policies, methodologies and best practices in transferring the collections into the online environment, researchers and practitioners have started to investigate possibilities of communicating those digitised collections with the public and seizing the opportunities that arise from digitisation. One of the approaches that cultural heritage institutions started to explore in order to involve the general public in their activities on the Web is crowdsourcing - taking a job traditionally performed by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to an undefined community in the form of an open call. In the heritage sector this means inviting members of the public, (“the crowd”), to tag and classify, transcribe, organize, and otherwise add value to digital cultural heritage collection content. In this paper we provide an overview of approaches in using the collective intelligence in the cultural heritage domain. Key terms, concepts and corresponding case studies are discussed, providing the framework for crowdsourcing projects within the heritage sector.

Teaching controlled vocabularies and classifications at an introductory level can be challenging in terms of clarifying theoretical notions and motivating the students. In this light, approaches where students are presented with real life data that illustrates key concepts can be very useful. This case study investigated the difference between subject description of a journal article when using uncontrolled vocabulary (free keywords) and controlled vocabulary (UDC notions) as compared to author keywords, title keywords and UDC notions added by the subject specialist. The study was carried out before and after students attended an undergraduate introductory course to the field of controlled vocabularies and classification systems with a special accent on using the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). The results confirmed two original hypotheses that UDC driven (post-course) tags will show a greater consistency and have higher agreement with the terms added by the subject specialist than free keyword (pre-course) tags. Since the study was carried out in an educational setting one of the goals of the study was to investigate the possible use of the study to illustrate the basic concept differences between uncontrolled and controlled vocabulary in the light of folksonomies and the use of UDC as a pre-coordinated term list.

The data collected in National Statistical Offices (NSOs) present a valuable source for the research community. These data, when put to some secondary analyses, bring new benefits for society. The growing need for researchers’ easy access to publicly funded data is recognised in the European Statistical System (ESS). There are on-going efforts for establishment of pan- European network for Remote Access (RA) to Microdata in official statistics and there are several projects concerned with these issues coming along. In this research paper the authors will explore the current state of establishment of infrastructure for researchers’ RA to statistical microdata in ESS and they will propose a model for development of infrastructure for researchers’ RA to statistical microdata in Croatia with the aim of integrating the Croatian system for RA to statistical microdata in the currently developing ESS’s infrastructure for the same purpose.