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210 results on '"McIntyre, P. B."'

1. Glucose dysregulation in antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis: in silico exploration of gene expression signatures

Author

Lee, Jiwon, Xue, Xiangning, Au, Emily, McIntyre, William B., Asgariroozbehani, Roshanak, Panganiban, Kristoffer, Tseng, George C., Papoulias, Maria, Smith, Emily, Monteiro, Jonathan, Shah, Divia, Maksyutynska, Kateryna, Cavalier, Samantha, Radoncic, Emril, Prasad, Femin, Agarwal, Sri Mahavir, Mccullumsmith, Robert, Freyberg, Zachary, Logan, Ryan W., and Hahn, Margaret K.

Published
2024
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2. Extensive global wetland loss over the past three centuries

Author

Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, Stocker, Benjamin D., Zhang, Zhen, Malhotra, Avni, Melton, Joe R., Poulter, Benjamin, Kaplan, Jed O., Goldewijk, Kees Klein, Siebert, Stefan, Minayeva, Tatiana, Hugelius, Gustaf, Joosten, Hans, Barthelmes, Alexandra, Prigent, Catherine, Aires, Filipe, Hoyt, Alison M., Davidson, Nick, Finlayson, C. Max, Lehner, Bernhard, Jackson, Robert B., and McIntyre, Peter B.

Published
2023
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7. A global database of lake surface temperatures collected by in situ and satellite methods from 1985–2009

Author

Sharma, Sapna, Gray, Derek K, Read, Jordan S, O’Reilly, Catherine M, Schneider, Philipp, Qudrat, Anam, Gries, Corinna, Stefanoff, Samantha, Hampton, Stephanie E, Hook, Simon, Lenters, John D, Livingstone, David M, McIntyre, Peter B, Adrian, Rita, Allan, Mathew G, Anneville, Orlane, Arvola, Lauri, Austin, Jay, Bailey, John, Baron, Jill S, Brookes, Justin, Chen, Yuwei, Daly, Robert, Dokulil, Martin, Dong, Bo, Ewing, Kye, de Eyto, Elvira, Hamilton, David, Havens, Karl, Haydon, Shane, Hetzenauer, Harald, Heneberry, Jocelyne, Hetherington, Amy L, Higgins, Scott N, Hixson, Eric, Izmest’eva, Lyubov R, Jones, Benjamin M, Kangur, Külli, Kasprzak, Peter, Köster, Olivier, Kraemer, Benjamin M, Kumagai, Michio, Kuusisto, Esko, Leshkevich, George, May, Linda, MacIntyre, Sally, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe, Naumenko, Mikhail, Noges, Peeter, Noges, Tiina, Niederhauser, Pius, North, Ryan P, Paterson, Andrew M, Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Rigosi, Anna, Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rudstam, Lars, Rusak, James A, Salmaso, Nico, Samal, Nihar R, Schindler, Daniel E, Schladow, Geoffrey, Schmidt, Silke R, Schultz, Tracey, Silow, Eugene A, Straile, Dietmar, Teubner, Katrin, Verburg, Piet, Voutilainen, Ari, Watkinson, Andrew, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Williamson, Craig E, and Woo, Kara H

Abstract

Global environmental change has influenced lake surface temperatures, a key driver of ecosystem structure and function. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. However, the spatial and temporal coherence associated with the magnitude of these trends remains unclear. Thus, a global data set of water temperature is required to understand and synthesize global, long-term trends in surface water temperatures of inland bodies of water. We assembled a database of summer lake surface temperatures for 291 lakes collected in situ and/or by satellites for the period 1985-2009. In addition, corresponding climatic drivers (air temperatures, solar radiation, and cloud cover) and geomorphometric characteristics (latitude, longitude, elevation, lake surface area, maximum depth, mean depth, and volume) that influence lake surface temperatures were compiled for each lake. This unique dataset offers an invaluable baseline perspective on global-scale lake thermal conditions as environmental change continues.

Published
2015

8. Intraspecific variability modulates interspecific variability in animal organismal stoichiometry

Author

El-Sabaawi, Rana W, Travis, Joseph, Zandonà, Eugenia, McIntyre, Peter B, Reznick, David N, and Flecker, Alexander

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Carbon, guppies, Hart's killifish, life history, nitrogen, phosphorus, predation, Trinidad, Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary biology, Ecological applications
Abstract

Interspecific differences in organismal stoichiometry (OS) have been documented in a wide range of animal taxa and are of significant interest for understanding evolutionary patterns in OS. In contrast, intraspecific variation in animal OS has generally been treated as analytical noise or random variation, even though available data suggest intraspecific variability in OS is widespread. Here, we assess how intraspecific variation in OS affects inferences about interspecific OS differences using two co-occurring Neotropical fishes: Poecilia reticulata and Rivulus hartii. A wide range of OS has been observed within both species and has been attributed to environmental differences among stream systems. We assess the contributions of species identity, stream system, and the interactions between stream and species to variability in N:P, C:P, and C:N. Because predation pressure can impact the foraging ecology and life-history traits of fishes, we compare predictors of OS between communities that include predators, and communities where predators are absent. We find that species identity is the strongest predictor of N:P, while stream or the interaction of stream and species contribute more to the overall variation in C:P and C:N. Interspecific differences in N:P, C:P, and C:N are therefore not consistent among streams. The relative contribution of stream or species to OS qualitatively changes between the two predation communities, but these differences do not have appreciable effects in interspecific patterns. We conclude that although species identity is a significant predictor of OS, intraspecific OS is sometimes sufficient to overwhelm or obfuscate interspecific differences in OS.

Published
2014

10. A somatic activating NRAS variant associated with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis

Author

Barclay, Sarah F., Inman, Kyle W., Luks, Valerie L., McIntyre, John B., Al-Ibraheemi, Alyaa, Church, Alanna J., Perez-Atayde, Antonio R., Mangray, Shamlal, Jeng, Michael, Kreimer, Sara R., Walker, Lori, Fishman, Steven J., Alomari, Ahmad I., Chaudry, Gulraiz, Trenor III, Cameron C., Adams, Denise, Kozakewich, Harry P. W., and Kurek, Kyle C.

Published
2019
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22. Correction to: Comprehensive benchmarking and ensemble approaches for metagenomic classifiers

Author

McIntyre, Alexa B. R., Ounit, Rachid, Afshinnekoo, Ebrahim, Prill, Robert J., Hénaff, Elizabeth, Alexander, Noah, Minot, Samuel S., Danko, David, Foox, Jonathan, Ahsanuddin, Sofia, Tighe, Scott, Hasan, Nur A., Subramanian, Poorani, Moffat, Kelly, Levy, Shawn, Lonardi, Stefano, Greenfield, Nick, Colwell, Rita R., Rosen, Gail L., and Mason, Christopher E.

Published
2019
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26. Training Tomorrow's Environmental Problem Solvers: An Integrative Approach to Graduate Education

Author

Moslemi, Jennifer M., Capps, Krista A., Johnson, Mark S., Maul, Jude, McIntyre, Peter B., Melvin, April M., Vadas, Timothy M., Vallano, Dena M., Watkins, James M., and Weiss, Marissa

Abstract

Environmental problems are generally complex and blind to disciplinary boundaries. Efforts to devise long-term solutions require collaborative research that integrates knowledge across historically disparate fields, yet the traditional model for training new scientists emphasizes personal independence and disciplinary focus. Growing awareness of the limitations of the traditional model has spurred a reexamination of graduate training in the environmental sciences. Many institutions are implementing novel training approaches, with varying degrees of success. In this article, a group of current and former doctoral students evaluates our collective experience in one such program, the Biogeochemistry and Environmental Biocomplexity Program at Cornell University, funded by an Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship grant from the National Science Foundation. We identify aspects of the program that contributed to our integrative research training experience, and discuss stumbling blocks that may arise in such programs. We conclude with recommendations for students and faculty interested in facilitating cross-disciplinary interactions at their home institutions.

Published
2009
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27. Global patterns and controls of nutrient immobilization on decomposing cellulose in riverine ecosystems

Author

Costello, D. M. (David M.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Boyero, L. (Luz), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Danger, M. (Michael), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Halvorson, H. M. (Halvor M.), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Royer, T. V. (Todd, V), Mathie, D. M. (Devan M.), Albarino, R. J. (Ricardo J.), Arango, C. P. (Clay P.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Baxter, C. V. (Colden, V), Bellinger, B. J. (Brent J.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Camacho, A. (Antonio), Colas, F. (Fanny), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Eyto, E. (Elvira), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Garcia, L. (Liliana), Garcia, P. E. (Pavel E.), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gonzales-Pomar, R. K. (R. Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. N. (Scott N.), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), LeRoy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), McKie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Medeiros, A. O. (Adriana O.), Milisa, M. (Marko), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Mooney, R. J. (Robert J.), Muotka, T. (Timo), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Parnikoza, I. Y. (Ivan Y.), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Simiyu, G. M. (Gelas M.), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sponseller, R. A. (Ryan A.), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Villanueva, V. D. (Veronica D.), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. (Yixin), Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Boyero, L. (Luz), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Danger, M. (Michael), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Halvorson, H. M. (Halvor M.), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Royer, T. V. (Todd, V), Mathie, D. M. (Devan M.), Albarino, R. J. (Ricardo J.), Arango, C. P. (Clay P.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Baxter, C. V. (Colden, V), Bellinger, B. J. (Brent J.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Camacho, A. (Antonio), Colas, F. (Fanny), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Eyto, E. (Elvira), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Garcia, L. (Liliana), Garcia, P. E. (Pavel E.), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gonzales-Pomar, R. K. (R. Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. N. (Scott N.), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), LeRoy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), McKie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Medeiros, A. O. (Adriana O.), Milisa, M. (Marko), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Mooney, R. J. (Robert J.), Muotka, T. (Timo), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Parnikoza, I. Y. (Ivan Y.), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Simiyu, G. M. (Gelas M.), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sponseller, R. A. (Ryan A.), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Villanueva, V. D. (Veronica D.), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. (Yixin), and Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.)

Abstract

Microbes play a critical role in plant litter decomposition and influence the fate of carbon in rivers and riparian zones. When decomposing low-nutrient plant litter, microbes acquire nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the environment (i.e., nutrient immobilization), and this process is potentially sensitive to nutrient loading and changing climate. Nonetheless, environmental controls on immobilization are poorly understood because rates are also influenced by plant litter chemistry, which is coupled to the same environmental factors. Here we used a standardized, low-nutrient organic matter substrate (cotton strips) to quantify nutrient immobilization at 100 paired stream and riparian sites representing 11 biomes worldwide. Immobilization rates varied by three orders of magnitude, were greater in rivers than riparian zones, and were strongly correlated to decomposition rates. In rivers, P immobilization rates were controlled by surface water phosphate concentrations, but N immobilization rates were not related to inorganic N. The N:P of immobilized nutrients was tightly constrained to a molar ratio of 10:1 despite wide variation in surface water N:P. Immobilization rates were temperature-dependent in riparian zones but not related to temperature in rivers. However, in rivers nutrient supply ultimately controlled whether microbes could achieve the maximum expected decomposition rate at a given temperature. Collectively, we demonstrated that exogenous nutrient supply and immobilization are critical control points for decomposition of organic matter.

Published
2022

31. Comprehensive benchmarking and ensemble approaches for metagenomic classifiers

Author

McIntyre, Alexa B. R., Ounit, Rachid, Afshinnekoo, Ebrahim, Prill, Robert J., Hénaff, Elizabeth, Alexander, Noah, Minot, Samuel S., Danko, David, Foox, Jonathan, Ahsanuddin, Sofia, Tighe, Scott, Hasan, Nur A., Subramanian, Poorani, Moffat, Kelly, Levy, Shawn, Lonardi, Stefano, Greenfield, Nick, Colwell, Rita R., Rosen, Gail L., and Mason, Christopher E.

Published
2017
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32. Teaching APL.

Author

Sharp (I. P.) Associates, Ltd., Toronto (Ontario). and McIntyre, Donald B.

Abstract

This booklet contains four articles for use by instructors of the APL computer programming language. In the first paper, "APL in a Liberal Arts College," Donald McIntyre describes experiences in the implementation of an introductory computing course at Pomona College and the presentation of a faculty seminar in computing. Principles used in APL instruction are discussed, and specific instructional examples and a 13-item bibliography are included. Then, Gillian Wade, in "Teaching APL in an Academic Environment" describes the status, organization, and history of APL courses at the University of Guelph, Ontario, and presents examples of applications by students. "APL in the Classroom" by Ted Edwards outlines classroom applications for courses in which APL has been taught as a subject or used as a language of discourse to teach another topic. Examples of lesson material, reasons for APL success, limitations, and possible extensions are presented. Finally, Kenneth Iverson, in "The Inductive Method of Introducing APL," treats some of the lessons to be drawn from analogies with the teaching of natural language, examines details of their application in the development of a 3-day introductory APL course, and reports results. Implications for more advanced courses are also briefly discussed. (LMM)

Published
1980

34. Annual Distinguished Lectures in Special Education (5th, University of Southern California School of Education, Los Angeles, Summer 1966).

Author

University of Southern California, Los Angeles. School of Education., Magary, James F., and McIntyre, Robert B.

Abstract

The University of Southern California School of Education invited several persons in the field of special education to lecture at a specially designated summer session series. The following lectures were delivered in the summer of 1966: "Headstart on Headstart: A Thirty Year Evaluation" by Harold M. Skeels, "The Role of Language in the Development of the Preschool Deaf Child" by Boris V. Morkovin, "Language Research in Relationship to the Mentally Retarded and Culturally Deprived" by Melvyn I. Semmel, "Medical Classification of Disabilities for Educational Purposes: A Critique" by Francis E. Lord, "Yesterday was Tuesday: Issues in Language Instruction for the Severely Mentally Retarded" by May V. Seagoe, and "A Profession in a Hurry: The Need for Standards" by Maynard C. Reynolds. Biographical sketches are furnished for each of the above lecturers; and lists of lecturers and their topics are provided for the years 1962 to 1967. Recent doctoral dissertations at the University of Southern California relating to the psychology and education of exception children and youth are cited; and the various graduate programs available at the University are described. (RS)

Published
1967

35. Using Count-Bys to Increase Multiplication Facts Fluency.

Author

McIntyre, Susan B.

Abstract

The "count-by" technique of multiplication was taught to a fourth grade student with learning disabilities. The student learned to count by numbers not typically taught (e.g., fours, sevens, and eights). The method resulted in substantial increases in correct multiplications performed per minute, which were maintained and generalized to other situations. (Author/DB)

Published
1991

36. The Australian Measles Control Campaign, 1998

Author

Turnbull Fiona M., Burgess Margaret A., McIntyre Peter B., Lambert Stephen B., Gilbert G. Lyn, Gidding Heather F., Escott Ros G., Achat Helen M., Hull Brynley P., Wang Han, Sam Greg A., and Mead Cathy L.

Subjects
Measles/prevention and control, Immunization programs/organization and administration, Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine/administration and dosage, Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine/adverse effects, School health services, Child, Child, Preschool, Evaluation studies, Australia, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

The 1998 Australian Measles Control Campaign had as its aim improved immunization coverage among children aged 1-12 years and, in the longer term, prevention of measles epidemics. The campaign included mass school-based measles-mumps-rubella vaccination of children aged 5-12 years and a catch-up programme for preschool children. More than 1.33 million children aged 5-12 years were vaccinated at school: serological monitoring showed that 94% of such children were protected after the campaign, whereas only 84% had been protected previously. Among preschool children aged 1-3.5 years the corresponding levels of protection were 89% and 82%. During the six months following the campaign there was a marked reduction in the number of measles cases among children in targeted age groups.

Published
2001

45. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones

Author

Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Isken, M. W. (Mark W.), Woodward, G. (Guy), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Chauvet, E. (Eric), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Flecker, A. S. (Alex S.), Acuna, V. (Vicenc), Albarino, R. (Ricardo), Allen, D. C. (Daniel C.), Alonso, C. (Cecilia), Andino, P. (Patricio), Arango, C. (Clay), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Barbosa, M. V. (Marcus V. M.), Barmuta, L. A. (Leon A.), Baxter, C. V. (Colden V.), Bell, T. D. (Thomas D. C.), Bellinger, B. (Brent), Boyero, L. (Luz), Brown, L. E. (Lee E.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Bruesewitz, D. A. (Denise A.), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Castillo, M. M. (Maria M.), Clapcott, J. (Joanne), Colas, F. (Fanny), Colon-Gaud, C. (Checo), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Culp, J. M. (Joseph M.), Danger, M. (Michael), Dangles, O. (Olivier), de Eyto, E. (Elvira), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Diaz Villanueva, V. (Veronica), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Encalada, A. C. (Andrea C.), Entrekin, S. (Sally), Espinosa, R. (Rodrigo), Ethaiya, D. (Diana), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Flanagan, K. M. (Kyla M.), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Friberg, N. (Nikolai), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Lago, L. G. (Liliana Garcia), Garcia Soto, P. E. (Pavel Ernesto), Ghate, S. (Sudeep), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gilmer, A. (Alan), Goncalves, J. F. (Jose Francisco, Jr.), Gonzales, R. K. (Rosario Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grace, M. (Mike), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Gulis, V. (Vlad), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. (Scott), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Huddart, J. (Joseph), Hudson, J. (John), Imberger, S. (Samantha), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Janetski, D. J. (David J.), Jennings, E. (Eleanor), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), Leroy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), MacKenzie, R. (Richard), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), Mckie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Oliveira Medeiros, A. (Adriana), Meissner, K. (Kristian), Milisa, M. (Marko), Mishra, S. (Shailendra), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Moerke, A. (Ashley), Mombrikotb, S. (Shorok), Mooney, R. (Rob), Moulton, T. (Tim), Muotka, T. (Timo), Negishi, J. N. (Junjiro N.), Neres-Lima, V. (Vinicius), Nieminen, M. L. (Mika L.), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Ondruch, J. (Jakub), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Pringle, C. (Catherine), Prussian, A. (Aaron), Quenta, E. (Estefania), Quesada, A. (Antonio), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rigosi, A. (Anna), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Rodriguez-Gallego, L. (Lorena), Royer, T. V. (Todd V.), Rusak, J. A. (James A.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Selmeczy, G. B. (Geza B.), Simiyu, G. (Gelas), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sridhar, K. R. (Kandikere R.), Sponseller, R. (Ryan), Stoler, A. (Aaron), Swan, C. M. (Christopher M.), Szlag, D. (David), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Uusheimo, S. (Sari), Veach, A. M. (Allison M.), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Vought, L. B. (Lena B. M.), Wang, C.-P. (Chiao-Ping), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Wilson, P. B. (Paul B.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yoshimura, C. (Chihiro), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. X. (Yixin X.), Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Isken, M. W. (Mark W.), Woodward, G. (Guy), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Chauvet, E. (Eric), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Flecker, A. S. (Alex S.), Acuna, V. (Vicenc), Albarino, R. (Ricardo), Allen, D. C. (Daniel C.), Alonso, C. (Cecilia), Andino, P. (Patricio), Arango, C. (Clay), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Barbosa, M. V. (Marcus V. M.), Barmuta, L. A. (Leon A.), Baxter, C. V. (Colden V.), Bell, T. D. (Thomas D. C.), Bellinger, B. (Brent), Boyero, L. (Luz), Brown, L. E. (Lee E.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Bruesewitz, D. A. (Denise A.), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Castillo, M. M. (Maria M.), Clapcott, J. (Joanne), Colas, F. (Fanny), Colon-Gaud, C. (Checo), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Culp, J. M. (Joseph M.), Danger, M. (Michael), Dangles, O. (Olivier), de Eyto, E. (Elvira), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Diaz Villanueva, V. (Veronica), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Encalada, A. C. (Andrea C.), Entrekin, S. (Sally), Espinosa, R. (Rodrigo), Ethaiya, D. (Diana), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Flanagan, K. M. (Kyla M.), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Friberg, N. (Nikolai), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Lago, L. G. (Liliana Garcia), Garcia Soto, P. E. (Pavel Ernesto), Ghate, S. (Sudeep), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gilmer, A. (Alan), Goncalves, J. F. (Jose Francisco, Jr.), Gonzales, R. K. (Rosario Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grace, M. (Mike), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Gulis, V. (Vlad), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. (Scott), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Huddart, J. (Joseph), Hudson, J. (John), Imberger, S. (Samantha), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Janetski, D. J. (David J.), Jennings, E. (Eleanor), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), Leroy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), MacKenzie, R. (Richard), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), Mckie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Oliveira Medeiros, A. (Adriana), Meissner, K. (Kristian), Milisa, M. (Marko), Mishra, S. (Shailendra), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Moerke, A. (Ashley), Mombrikotb, S. (Shorok), Mooney, R. (Rob), Moulton, T. (Tim), Muotka, T. (Timo), Negishi, J. N. (Junjiro N.), Neres-Lima, V. (Vinicius), Nieminen, M. L. (Mika L.), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Ondruch, J. (Jakub), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Pringle, C. (Catherine), Prussian, A. (Aaron), Quenta, E. (Estefania), Quesada, A. (Antonio), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rigosi, A. (Anna), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Rodriguez-Gallego, L. (Lorena), Royer, T. V. (Todd V.), Rusak, J. A. (James A.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Selmeczy, G. B. (Geza B.), Simiyu, G. (Gelas), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sridhar, K. R. (Kandikere R.), Sponseller, R. (Ryan), Stoler, A. (Aaron), Swan, C. M. (Christopher M.), Szlag, D. (David), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Uusheimo, S. (Sari), Veach, A. M. (Allison M.), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Vought, L. B. (Lena B. M.), Wang, C.-P. (Chiao-Ping), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Wilson, P. B. (Paul B.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yoshimura, C. (Chihiro), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. X. (Yixin X.), and Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.)

Abstract

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented “next-generation biomonitoring” by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale.

Published
2019

46. Human papillomavirus prevalence among indigenous and non-indigenous Australian women prior to a national HPV vaccination program

Author

Condon John R, McIntyre Peter B, Brotherton Julia ML, Garland Suzanne M, Stevens Matthew P, Smith David W, and Tabrizi Sepehr N

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Indigenous women in Australia have a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer despite a national cervical screening program. Prior to introduction of a national human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination program, we determined HPV genotype prevalence by Indigenous status and residence in remote areas. Methods We recruited women aged 17 to 40 years presenting to community-based primary health services for routine Pap screening across Australia. A liquid-based cytology (LBC) cervical specimen was tested for HPV DNA using the AMPLICOR HPV-DNA test and a PGMY09/11-based HPV consensus PCR; positive specimens were typed by reverse hybridization. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence by weighting to relevant population data, and determined predictors of HPV-DNA positivity by age, Indigenous status and area of residence using logistic regression. Results Of 2152 women (655 Indigenous), prevalence of the high-risk HPV genotypes was similar for Indigenous and non-Indigenous women (HPV 16 was 9.4% and 10.5%, respectively; HPV 18 was 4.1% and 3.8%, respectively), and did not differ by age group. In younger age groups, the prevalence of other genotypes also did not differ, but in those aged 31 to 40 years, HPV prevalence was higher for Indigenous women (35% versus 22.5%; P < 0.001), specifically HPV clades α5 (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.3) and α7, excluding type 18 (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.3). In multivariate analysis, detection of any HPV genotype was strongly associated with smoking and Pap-test abnormalities, with both risk factors more common among Indigenous women. Conclusion Although we found no difference in the prevalence of HPV16/18 among Australian women by Indigenous status or, for Indigenous women, residence in remote regions, differences were found in the prevalence of risk factors and some other HPV genotypes. This reinforces the importance of cervical screening as a complement to vaccination for all women, and the value of baseline data on HPV genotype prevalence by Indigenous status and residence for the monitoring of vaccine impact.

Published
2011
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47. Ecosystem responses to channel restoration decline with stream size in urban river networks.

Author

Levi, Peter S. and McIntyre, Peter B.

Subjects
STREAM restoration, RIVER channels, RESTORATION ecology, ECOSYSTEMS, NUTRIENT uptake, RIVERS, GRASSLAND restoration, WETLAND restoration
Abstract

Urban streams are often severely impaired due to channelization, high loads of nutrients and contaminants, and altered land cover in the watershed. Physical restoration of stream channels is widely used to offset the effects of urbanization on streams, with the goal of improving ecosystem structure and function. However, these efforts are rarely guided by strategic analysis of the factors that mediate the responsiveness of stream ecosystems to restoration. Given that ecological gradients from headwater streams to mainstem rivers are ubiquitous, we posited that location within a river network could mediate the benefits of channel restoration. We studied existing stream restorations in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to determine (1) whether restorations improve ecosystem function (e.g., nutrient uptake, whole‐stream metabolism) and (2) how ecosystem responses vary by position in the urban river network. We quantified a suite of physicochemical and biological metrics in six pairs of contiguous restored and concrete channel reaches, spanning gradients in baseflow discharge (19–196 L/s) and river network position (i.e., headwater to mainstem). Hydrology differed dramatically between the restored and concrete reaches; water velocity was reduced 2‐ to 13‐fold while water residence time was 50–5,000% greater in adjacent restored reaches. Restored reaches had shorter nutrient uptake lengths for ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate, as well as higher whole‐stream metabolism. Furthermore, the majority of reaches were autotrophic (i.e., gross primary production > ecosystem respiration), which is not common in stream ecosystems. The difference in ecosystem functioning between restored and unrestored reaches was generally largest in headwaters and declined to equivalence in mainstem restorations. Our results suggest that headwater sites offer higher return on investment compared to larger downstream channels, where ecosystem responsiveness is low. If this pattern proves to be general, the scaling of ecosystem responses with river size could be integrated into planning guidelines for urban stream restorations to enhance the societal and ecological benefits of these expensive interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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49. Integrating Life Cycle and Impact Assessments to Map Food's Cumulative Environmental Footprint

Author

Kuempel, Caitlin D., Frazier, Melanie, Nash, Kirsty L., Jacobsen, Nis Sand, Williams, David R., Blanchard, Julia L., Cottrell, Richard S., McIntyre, Peter B., Moran, Daniel, Bouwman, Lex, Froehlich, Halley E., Gephart, Jessica A., Metian, Marc, Többen, Johannes, and Halpern, Benjamin S.

Abstract

Feeding a growing, increasingly affluent population while limiting environmental pressures of food production is a central challenge for society. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to addressing this challenge because pressures vary substantially across food production types. Applying data and models from life cycle assessment with the methodologies for mapping cumulative environmental impacts of human activities (hereafter cumulative impact mapping) provides a powerful approach to spatially map the cumulative environmental pressure of food production in a way that is consistent and comprehensive across food types. However, these methodologies have yet to be combined. By synthesizing life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping methodologies, we provide guidance for comprehensively and cumulatively mapping the environmental pressures (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, spatial occupancy, and freshwater use) associated with food production systems. This spatial approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which is needed for decision makers to create more sustainable food policies and practices.

Published
2020
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50. Aging infrastructure creates opportunities for cost‐efficient restoration of aquatic ecosystem connectivity.

Author

Neeson, Thomas M., Moody, Allison T., McIntyre, Peter B., O'Hanley, Jesse R., Diebel, Matthew, Doran, Patrick J., Ferris, Michael C., and Colling, Timothy

Subjects
INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics), INFRASTRUCTURE & the environment, ECONOMIC efficiency, AQUATIC ecology, RESTORATION ecology
Abstract

Abstract: A hallmark of industrialization is the construction of dams for water management and roads for transportation, leading to fragmentation of aquatic ecosystems. Many nations are striving to address both maintenance backlogs and mitigation of environmental impacts as their infrastructure ages. Here, we test whether accounting for road repair needs could offer opportunities to boost conservation efficiency by piggybacking connectivity restoration projects on infrastructure maintenance. Using optimization models to align fish passage restoration sites with likely road repair priorities, we find potential increases in conservation return‐on‐investment ranging from 17% to 25%. Importantly, these gains occur without compromising infrastructure or conservation priorities; simply communicating openly about objectives and candidate sites enables greater accomplishment at current funding levels. Society embraces both reliable roads and thriving fisheries, so overcoming this coordination challenge should be feasible. Given deferred maintenance crises for many types of infrastructure, there could be widespread opportunities to enhance the cost effectiveness of conservation investments by coordinating with infrastructure renewal efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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