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1. Influence of sintering temperature on structure, physical, and optical properties of wollastonite based glass-ceramic derived from waste eggshells and waste soda-lime-silica glasses

Author

Hongxu Chen, Azis Raba’ah Syahidah, Zaid Mohamad Hafiz Mohd, Matori Khamirul Amin, and Ismail Ismayadi

Subjects
waste glass, melt quenching, density, xrd, uv-vis, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Calcium oxide from discarded eggshells and waste soda-lime-silica were utilized in this study to make wollastonite (CaSiO3) based glass-ceramics. The calcium oxide and silica were made using the melt-quenching process and sintered for 2 hours at 700 to 1000 °C. The XRD data verified that the wollastonite crystalline peak appeared at high sintering temperatures, with crystalline phase values of 39.74%, 47.37%, and 48.91% as the sintering temperature increased at 800-1000°C, respectively. Additionally, crystalline size and phase have no obvious change at 800-1000°C, where the intensity has increased by the sintering temperature. The FTIR spectra revealed the wollastonite phase vibration at the wavelength of 501, 650, 715, 808, 931, and 2129 cm-1. Additionally, the FTIR spectral confirm the Si-O-Ca vibration band at the wavelength of 650 cm-1. For the optical sample, the value of indirect allowed transition with n=2 is the ideal value of the optical band gap based on a band gap rise from 3.89 to 4.23 eV with increasing sintering temperature. The value n=2 which is the indirect allowed transition is the optimal value of the optical band gap based on the value increase from 3.89-4.23 eV as the temperature increase. The synthesis approach introduced the low-cost method, recycle approach, simple and yet uses cheap starting materials for fabrication of wollastonite glass-ceramics product.

Published
2024
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14. Comprehensive study on structural, elastic and radiation shielding abilities of novel quaternary Bi2O3–TeO2–Li2O–Al2O3 glasses

Author

Shah, Aishah Zarzali, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Yaakob, Yazid, Sarmani, Abdul Rahman, Hisam, Rosdiyana, Shah, Aishah Zarzali, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Yaakob, Yazid, Sarmani, Abdul Rahman, and Hisam, Rosdiyana

Abstract

Novel quaternary glasses with varying compositions of xBi2O3-(75–x)TeO2–20Li2O–5Al2O3 were synthesized using a melt-quenching method to analyze their physical, elastic properties and to evaluate their potential as radiation shielding materials. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and ultrasonic measurement were utilized to study those properties. The radiation shielding properties of the glass samples were determined for 0.01–10000 MeV photon energy range by using Phy-X/PSD software. The incorporation of Bi2O3, ranging from 0 mol% to 5 mol%, led to an increase in density which is measured by Archimedes’ principle, ascending from 4.68 to 5.06 g/cm3 . The longitudinal, bulk, shear, and Young’s modulus, displayed a non-linear decline from 63.41 to 61.44 GPa, 33.52 to 33.20 GPa, 22.41 to 21.18 GPa, and 54.99 to 52.39 GPa. Furthermore, the inclusion of Bi2O3 up to x = 5 mol% produce mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) of 14.892 cm2/g at x-ray energy of 40 KeV, surpassing that of commercial RS360 and RS520 radiation shielding glasses by 577% and 323%, respectively. When subjected to gamma ray of 662 KeV the MAC is 0.08 cm2/g which was also accompanied by a reduction in the half-value layer (HVL) to 1.58 cm where it surpassed the concrete by 38% and linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) of 0.38 cm−1. The effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron density (Neff) reach maximum value of 59.74 and 7.88 × 1023 electrons/g at 0.02 MeV respectively. These results highlight the suitability of the glass composition with x = 5 mol% as an exceptional choice for employment as to shield against both X-rays and gamma rays.

Published
2024

15. Influence of Eu3+ ions on elastic moduli and microhardness of Zinc-boro-soda-lime-silica glass system

Author

Cheong, Wei Mun, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Fen, Yap Wing, Tee, Tan Sin, Loh, Zhi Wei, Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi, Schmid, Siegbert, Cheong, Wei Mun, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Fen, Yap Wing, Tee, Tan Sin, Loh, Zhi Wei, Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi, and Schmid, Siegbert

Abstract

This study focuses on zinc-boro-soda-lime-silica (ZnO − B2O3 − SLS) glasses produced through fast-cooling melt-quenching. The influence of Eu3+ ions on glass properties is explored. As Eu3+ concentration rises, bulk density and molar volume increase from 3.423 to 3.484 g/cm3 and 21.760 to 23.768 cm3/mol, respectively. X-ray diffraction indicates amorphous phase dominance supported by glassy surface morphology. Ultrasonic measurements show the increasing and decreasing trend for ultrasonic velocities and elastic moduli with increasing Eu3+ concentration. Poisson’s ratio of the samples signifies their low cross-link density behavior. Moreover, the ZBS-3Eu presents the highest microhardness value of 4.776 GPa. The sample’s fractal bond connectivity varies from 1.814 to 2.051, suggesting a 2D structure. Likewise, the ZBS-3Eu glass sample exhibits the most rigidity attributed to its highest fg value of 0.075. These findings suggest that ZBS-3Eu has the potential for applications requiring high-strength glass.

Published
2024

26. Effect of sintering temperatures and foaming agent content to the physical and structural properties of wollastonite based foam glass-ceramics

Author

Jaafar Suhail Huzaifa, Zaid Mohd Hafiz Mohd, Matori Khamirul Amin, Ghazali Mohd Sabri Mohd, Shofri Mohd Faris Syazwan Mohd, Hisham Noor Aizat Noor, and Saparudin Dur Iffa

Subjects
foam glass-ceramic, wollastonite, clamshell, glass waste, sintering, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

This study aims to fabricate low-cost foam glass-ceramic using soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass waste and clamshells (CS) as foaming agent in content between 1 and 12 wt.% by conventional powder processing method. The samples were undergoing sintering process between 700 and 1000°C with holding time of 30 minutes and characterized according to the physical and structural properties. Samples containing 3 wt.% CS treated at 800°C show the greatest size of porosity. As the sintering temperature increased, the samples tend to become less dense. However, for the samples sintered at 900 and 1000°C, the trend of the density changes because of the excess CO2 gases generated during the heat treatment process promotes an increase in internal pressure, which results in the rupture of the pore walls. For linear expansion, for samples with a sintering temperature of 800°C and higher, the increment of the temperature will lead to the decrement of linear expansion (%). As the sintering temperature increases from 700 to 800°C, the water absorption (%) increases. However, the percentage of water absorption decreases with the further increment of sintering temperature. The XRD characterization showed the formation of wollastonite phase (CaSiO3) and further revealed the formation of greater peaks of CaSiO3 at the higher sintering temperatures. The results of compressive mechanical strength between 0.15 and 1.50 MPa indicate that the obtained glass-ceramic foams have potential for building material applications.

Published
2020
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31. Effects of different sintering temperatures on thermal, physical, and morphological of SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 based glass-ceramic system from vitreous and ceramic wastes

Author

Pallan Nur Fadilah Baharuddin, Matori Khamirul Amin, Hashim Mansor, Azis Raba’ah Syahidah, Zainuddin Norhazlin, Pallan Nor Faizah Baharuddin, Idris Fadzidah Mohd, Ibrahim Idza Riati, Wah Loy Chee, Rusly Siti Nor Ain, Adnin Noorfauzana, Khiri Mohammad Zulhasif Ahmad, Alassan Zarifah Nadakkavil, Mohamed Nurzilla, and Zaid Mohd Hafiz Mohd

Subjects
glass-ceramic, sintering temperature, thermal properties, ceramic waste, vitreous wastes, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

This research involved comprehensive studies on thermal, physical, and morphological properties of SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 (SNCP) glass-ceramic at various sintering temperatures. The study in SNCP glass-ceramic using soda-lime-silica (SLS) wastes glass and clam shell (CS) wastes as the main raw of materials via conventional melt-quenching technique and solid state sintering are interesting and challenging by considering the research using waste materials to fabricate novel SNCP glass-ceramic. The main peaks, Na3PO4 and Ca3Na6Si6O18 were assigned to high crystallization temperature (Tc) at 650-950°C. The density of samples increases at 550-750°C and decreases at 850-950°C due to the increase of sample thickness and higher specific volume at high sintering temperature. FESEM micrograph showed that existed porous increased at sintering temperature 850-950°C contributes effect to low densification of the sample.

Published
2019
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48. Effect of sintering on crystallization and structural properties of soda lime silica glass

Author

Zaid Mohd Hafiz Mohd, Matori Khamirul Amin, Ab Aziz Sidek Hj., Wahab Zaidan Abdul, and Rashid Siti Syuhaida Abdul

Subjects
soda lime silica glass, sintering, physical, crystallization, quartz, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

The effect of sintering temperatures on crystallization and structural of the soda lime silica (SLS) glass was reported. Elemental weight composition of the SLS glass powder was identified through Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis while the thermal behavior of the glass was determined using Differential thermal analysis (DTA) technique. Archimedes’ method and direct geometric measurement were respectively used to determine bulk density and linear shrinkage of the glass samples. Crystallisation behavior of the samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and chemical bonds present in the samples were measured using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results showed an increase in the density and linear shrinkage of the samples as a function of the sintering temperature. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of α-quartz (SiO2) and a minor amount of devitrite phases in the samples and these were further verified through the detection of chemical bonds by FTIR after sintering at 800ºC. The properties of the glass-ceramics can be explained on the basis of crystal chemistry which indicated that the alkali ions formed as carriers in the random network structure and can be recommended for the manufacture of glass fiber or toughened glass-ceramic insulators.

Published
2017
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49. Enhancing orange-reddish emission of the Sm3+-doped ZnO-B2O3-SLS glasses for the potential glass phosphor material

Author

Wei Mun Cheong, Wei Mun Cheong, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Yap Wing Fen, Yap Wing Fen, Tan Sin Tee, Tan Sin Tee, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Zhi Wei Loh, Zhi Wei Loh, Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi, Wei Mun Cheong, Wei Mun Cheong, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Yap Wing Fen, Yap Wing Fen, Tan Sin Tee, Tan Sin Tee, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Zhi Wei Loh, Zhi Wei Loh, and Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi

Abstract

In this paper, a series of [Sm2O3]x[(ZnO)0.5 (B2O3)0.1 (SLS)0.4]1-x, where × = 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 in weight fraction was fabricated via melt-quenching method. The influence of the samarium ion (Sm3+) concentration on the structural and optical properties was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the samples’ glassy (amorphous) behavior. The optical absorption intensity enhanced as the dopant increased, whereas the optical band gap reduced with the progression of Sm3+ concentration. The sample’s refractive index and Urbach energy range from 2.145 to 2.203 and 0.682 eV to 0.713 eV, respectively. From the photoluminescence studies, 3 wt% Sm3+-doped samples indicate the most intense emission in the orange-reddish region among the other samples. The calculated CIE coordinates for Sm3+ doped ZnO–B2O3–SLS glasses are approximate (0.57, 0.43), near the Amber LED NSPAR 70BS produced by Nichia Corporation. In addition, the CCT of the Sm3+-doped samples at about ~ 1750 K reveals prepared glass samples have bright orange-reddish emission. These findings indicate that Sm3+-doped in ZnO-B2O3-SLS has enhanced its orange-reddish emission and potential as an orange-reddish glass phosphor material in optoelectronic devices such as glass phosphor for LEDs.

Published
2023

50. Enhancing orange-reddish emission of the Sm3+-doped ZnO-B2O3-SLS glasses for the potential glass phosphor material

Author

Cheong, Wei Mun, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Yap Wing Fen, Yap Wing Fen, Tan Sin Tee, Tan Sin Tee, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Zhi Wei Loh, Zhi Wei Loh, Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi, Cheong, Wei Mun, Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hafiz, Yap Wing Fen, Yap Wing Fen, Tan Sin Tee, Tan Sin Tee, Matori, Khamirul Amin, Zhi Wei Loh, Zhi Wei Loh, and Mayzan, Mohd Zul Hilmi

Abstract

In this paper, a series of [Sm2O3]x[(ZnO)0.5 (B2O3)0.1 (SLS)0.4]1-x, where × = 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 in weight fraction was fabricated via melt-quenching method. The influence of the samarium ion (Sm3+) concentration on the structural and optical properties was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the samples’ glassy (amorphous) behavior. The optical absorption intensity enhanced as the dopant increased, whereas the optical band gap reduced with the progression of Sm3+ concentration. The sample’s refractive index and Urbach energy range from 2.145 to 2.203 and 0.682 eV to 0.713 eV, respectively. From the photoluminescence studies, 3 wt% Sm3+-doped samples indicate the most intense emission in the orange-reddish region among the other samples. The calculated CIE coordinates for Sm3+ doped ZnO–B2O3–SLS glasses are approximate (0.57, 0.43), near the Amber LED NSPAR 70BS produced by Nichia Corporation. In addition, the CCT of the Sm3+-doped samples at about ~ 1750 K reveals prepared glass samples have bright orange-reddish emission. These findings indicate that Sm3+-doped in ZnO-B2O3-SLS has enhanced its orange-reddish emission and potential as an orange-reddish glass phosphor material in optoelectronic devicessuch as glass phosphor for LEDs.

Published
2023

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