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Vancouver Convention Centre, Vancouver, B.C., April 28 – May 2 (2019). -- https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2740977, Purpose : Corneal cross-linking (CXL) stiffens collagen fibers by creating additional intrafiber bonds between collagen molecules. As the photoinitiator in CXL must diffuse into the cornea, a depth dependence on CXL efficacy is expected. We used custom-built Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy and quantifying routines to measure the order of collagen fibers throughout the cornea following CXL.

Resumen del póster presentado a la European Human Genetics Conference celebrada en Nuremberg (Alemania) del 23 al 26 de junio de 2012., Over 50% of melanoma tumors have BRAF oncogene mutation. In 2011 we have obtained the first results of clinical trials of targeted therapy with molecules that act on BRAF signaling pathways (Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK). Vemurafenib and GSK2118436 showed an increase in overall survival and disease-free in p.V600E BRAF carriers patients. In the coming months, these molecules will be approved for clinical use in Europe. The application of analytical methods of high sensitivity in determining the mutational status of BRAF will be crucial to the imminent clinical application of new drugs, as the results will select patients eligible for or untreated. We have studied the 11 and 15 exons of BRAF by HRM.sequencing, and COLD-PCR-HRM-sequencing in 20 paraffin blocks of melanoma, previously studied by Sanger sequencing. Mutation was detected p.V600E of exon 15 in 9 of them for HRM, and 11 by COLD-HRM, compared to 8 previously detected by sequencing. The sensitivity of such methods as HRM and COLD-PCR-HRM is greater than sequencing. These results should be compared with those obtained by the propose clinical diagnostic tests (eg cobas 4800 BRAF V600 Mutation Test Roche©). Our previous results show the necessary standardization of the methods of detection of somatic mutations, especially in cases where the determined result to apply the therapy to the patient.

BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from the lymphopoietic system including a wide range of subtypes of either B-cell or T-cell lymphomas. The few established risk factors for the development of these neoplasms include viral infections and immunological abnormalities, but their etiology remains largely unknown. Evidence suggests that certain medical conditions may be linked, through immunosuppression, to the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Multiple myeloma is a neoplasm of plasma cells that accounts for approximately 15% of lymphopoietic cancers. Increases in the incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in the past implicate environmental factors as potential causal agents. DESIGN AND METHODS: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 1,213 histologically confirmed incident cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma (594 men; 619 women) were identified during a follow-up of 8.5 years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the association between self-reported diabetes, diagnosed after 30 years of age, and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma overall and multiple myeloma and various lymphoma subtypes. RESULTS: We found no association between a personal history of diabetes and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma overall in men (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.89-1.84), in women (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.41- 1.24), or in men and women combined (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.80-1.47). Among the B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes, we observed a statistically significant increased risk of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (HR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.04-3.86) in men, but not in women (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.33-3.43). CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study did not provide evidence for a role of self-reported diabetes in the etiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma overall or multiple myeloma. We found an increased risk of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia among men with diabetes, but not among women. We hypothesize that diabetes may not play a causal role in the etiology of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, though the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of both disorders may include shared genetic, host and/or environmental susceptibility factors.

Fundamento: En el caso de las enfermedades raras existen dificultades para utilizar herramientas como los registros de enfermedades. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la situación de los registros sobre enfermedades raras en España. Métodos: Se utiliza la información proporcionada por dos directorios de registros sanitarios españoles elaborados por la Agencia Española de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias, realizando un estudio descriptivo transversal. Los registros identificados en estos directorios se han clasificado como: 1) «Específicos de enfermedades raras», 2) «No específicos pero con información de enfermedades raras», y 3) «No informativos sobre enfermedades raras». Resultados: En el directorio del año 2000 aparecían 82 registros, de los que el 15,8% se clasificaron en el grupo 1, mientras que en la revisión de 2005 se identificaron 107 registros, 16,8% en el grupo 1. Las principales áreas temáticas de los registros sanitarios del grupo 2 fueron el cáncer, la mortalidad, la psiquiatría y la nefrología. En los directorios no se ha hallado ningún registro genérico de enfermedades raras. Conclusiones: Aunque escasos, existen registros sanitarios en España con información sobre enfermedades raras. Se han identificado áreas temáticas con carencias de registros y también registros o sistemas de información no identificados en las fuentes utilizadas. Es necesario continuar los esfuerzos por mejorar la información disponible sobre las enfermedades raras. Background: The use of tools such as disease registries poses a problem in the case of rare diseases. This study is aimed at describing the current situation concerning rare disease registries in Spain. Methods: The information provided by two Spanish health registries directories prepared by the Spanish Health Assessment Technologies Agencies are employed, a descriptive cross-sectional study being conducted. The registries identified in these directories has been classified as: 1) «Specific rare diseases» 2) «Unspecific but with information on rare disease» and 3) «Non-informative regarding rare diseases». Results: The 2000 directory listed 82 registries, 15.8% of which were classified under Group 1, whilst a total of 107 registries, 16.8% in Group 1, were identified in the 2005 review. The main health registries in Group 2, by topic, were: cancer, mortality, psychiatry and nephrology. No general rare disease registries were found in the directories. Conclusions: Although few in number, health registries do exist in Spain including information on rare diseases. Areas have been identified by topic lacking registries and also information systems or registries unidentified in the sources used. Continuing efforts must be made to improve the information available on rare diseases.

Tesis-Universidad de Murcia., Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. ARCHIVO UNIVERSITARIO. T.M.-1088., Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. Fac. Veterinaria. Sala de estudio. Tesis-V 68.

Tesis-Universidad de Murcia., Consulte la tesis en: BCA. GENERAL. MEDIATECA. MF-TD 1503., NEBRIJA. MEDIATECA. MF-24 1055.

El sector de la construcción de infraestructuras viarias es uno de los sectores más demandantes de materias primas que existen en la actualidad y, a su vez, uno de los más contaminantes. Para mitigar el impacto ambiental, asociado por la extracción de materias primas consumidas en este sector, en la presente tesis se contempla la utilización de escorias de horno de arco eléctrico y escorias de horno cuchara como materiales sustitutivos de los tradicionales. Para la corroboración de esta hipótesis inicial de investigación se realiza primeramente una caracterización completa de los subproductos mencionados, así como el desarrollo de diversas mezclas bituminosas utilizadas habitualmente en el ámbito de la conservación de carreteras. Los resultados reflejan una excelencia del comportamiento de las mezclas bituminosas fabricadas con estos subproductos en comparación con las mezclas tradicionales, confirmando de esta forma la idoneidad del empleo de escorias de acería en mezclas bituminosas. The road infrastructure construction sector is one of the most demanding sectors in terms of raw materials and, at the same time, one of the most polluting. In order to mitigate the environmental impact associated with the extraction of raw materials consumed in this sector, this thesis considers the use of electric arc furnace slag and ladle furnace slag as substitute materials for the traditional ones. In order to corroborate this initial research hypothesis, a complete characterisation of the aforementioned by- products is first carried out, as well as the development of various bituminous mixtures commonly used in the field of road maintenance. The results reflect an excellence in the behaviour of the bituminous mixtures manufactured with these by-products in comparison with traditional mixtures, thus confirming the suitability of the use of steelworks slag in bituminous mixtures. Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Ambiental y de los Materiales

Las regulaciones cada vez más estrictas sobre residuos, el agotamiento de los recursos no renovables y sus precios cada vez más altos, la creciente demanda de fuentes de energía renovables y químicos verdes, están empujando a los procesos de fabricación hacia una mayor sostenibilidad, para mejorar la rentabilidad y satisfacer la demanda de los clientes, es decir, economía circular. La valorización de los residuos agroindustriales es una de las áreas actuales de investigación que preocupan a una gran cantidad de investigadores en los últimos años como una alternativa potencial de eliminación de una amplia gama de residuos/sub-productos en vertederos. El vertido, la incineración y el compostaje son tecnologías comunes para la eliminación de desechos. Sin embargo, no son adecuadas para el tratamiento de residuos orgánicos debido a la liberación a la atmosfera de gas metano, olores desagradables, transformación del paisaje natural, alto consumo de energía y lentas reacciones cinéticas. De hecho, los esfuerzos de investigación se han orientado hacia técnicas capaces de descomponer la materia orgánica, sin generar ningún producto valioso. Por esa razón, investigaciones recientes se han centrado principalmente en su utilización como fuente de energía y en su valorización como insumos en otros procesos productivos (por ejemplo, agentes formadores de poros, fertilizantes, eliminación de herbicidas o adsorbente de sílice). Esta investigación se centra en los usos alternativos de diferentes minerales de arcillas locales a través de la valorización de residuos/sub-productos disponibles en la industria local, como sustitutos de recursos primarios para la elaboración de materiales sostenibles basados en arcilla como agregados ligeros de arcilla (LWAS) para capa de drenaje de techos verdes (LWASGR) y uso agrícola (LWASAP). Increasingly tighter regulations regarding waste, the reduction of the non-renewable resources and its higher prices, the increasing demand for renewable energy sources and green chemicals, are pushing the manufacturing processes toward higher sustainability, to improve cost-effectiveness and meet customers demand, i.e., circular economy. Agro-industrial waste valorization is one of the current research areas that concerned a great deal of researchers over the past few years as a potential alternative of disposal for a wide range of waste/by-products in landfill sites. Landfill, incineration and composting are common technologies for waste disposal. However, they are not satisfactory treating organic waste due to the liberation of methane gas to the atmosphere, unpleasant odour, natural land transformation, high energy consumption and slow reaction kinetics. In fact, research efforts have also been oriented on techniques capable of decomposing organic matter, but, no valuable product can be generated. For that reason, recent research has focused on its utilization as energy source mostly, and recovery matter in alternative uses (e.g., pore forming agents, fertilizer, herbicide removal, silica adsorbent). This research is focused on the alternative uses of different local clay minerals through the valorization of waste/by-products available in the local agro-industry, as a replacement of primary resources to elaborate sustainable clay-based materials like lightweight aggregates (LWAS) for drainage layer in green roofing (LWASGR) and agronomic use (LWASAP). Tesis Univ. Jaén. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Ambiental y de los Materiales. Leída el 22 de mayo de 2018.