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BACKGROUND The recently introduced 2017 World Workshop on the classification of periodontitis, incorporating stages and grades of disease, aims to link disease classification with approaches to prevention and treatment, as it describes not only disease severity and extent but also the degree of complexity and an individual's risk. There is, therefore, a need for evidence-based clinical guidelines providing recommendations to treat periodontitis. AIM The objective of the current project was to develop a S3 Level Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for the treatment of Stage I-III periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS This S3 CPG was developed under the auspices of the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), following the methodological guidance of the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The rigorous and transparent process included synthesis of relevant research in 15 specifically commissioned systematic reviews, evaluation of the quality and strength of evidence, the formulation of specific recommendations and consensus, on those recommendations, by leading experts and a broad base of stakeholders. RESULTS The S3 CPG approaches the treatment of periodontitis (stages I, II and III) using a pre-established stepwise approach to therapy that, depending on the disease stage, should be incremental, each including different interventions. Consensus was achieved on recommendations covering different interventions, aimed at (a) behavioural changes, supragingival biofilm, gingival inflammation and risk factor control; (b) supra- and sub-gingival instrumentation, with and without adjunctive therapies; (c) different types of periodontal surgical interventions; and (d) the necessary supportive periodontal care to extend benefits over time. CONCLUSION This S3 guideline informs clinical practice, health systems, policymakers and, indirectly, the public on the available and most effective modalities to treat periodontitis and to maintain a healthy dentition for a lifetime, according to the available evidence at the time of publication.

Objective: the aim of this study was to test two buffer solutions in order to attain a reliable and reproducible analysis of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, OPG, OPN and OC), in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by flow cytometry. Material and Methods: GCF samples from healthy volunteers were collected with perio-paper strips and diluted either in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or Tris-HCl buffer, with and without protease inhibitors (PI). Cytokine immunoassays were carried out by flow cytometry (Luminex Xmap 200 ) generating standard curves. Results: standards curves generated with the use of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) demonstrated best adjustment for cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF- α levels, when using Tris-HCl ( p

Objectives: A longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the jaw muscle activity and mandibular kinematics after Teuscher activator treatment and at 2 years after orthodontic treatment completion. Material and Methods: Twenty-seven children with Class II division 1 malocclusion were evaluated before treatment (T0; mean: 11.6 years), after functional treatment (T1; mean: 12.8 years), and 2 years after orthodontic treatment (T2; mean: 18 years). Bilateral surface electromyographic activities of the anterior temporalis, posterior temporalis, masseter, and suprahyoid muscle areas were analyzed at rest and during clenching, swallowing, and mastication. Kinematic recordings of the mandibular maximum opening, lateral shift, right and left lateral excursions, and protrusion were evaluated. Results: Compared to T0, the left masseter activity during clenching was decreased at T1 but increased at T2, similar to the other evaluated muscles. The suprahyoid activity during swallowing was increased at T1 but decreased at T2. The masseter activity during mastication was increased at T1 and further increased at T2. The left and right lateral excursions and protrusion did not show significant changes throughout the experiment. Conclusions: Teuscher activator and subsequent fixed orthodontic treatment improved jaw muscle function; however, a long period was needed to attain complete neuromuscular adaptation.

9 páginas, 3 figuras, 5 tablas -- PAGS nros. 1061-1069, Objective: To develop a method for quantification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Tannerella forsythensis (Tf) from subgingival plaque samples based on TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Material and Methods: Bacterial cells from these species were obtained after culturing reference strains and were counted microscopically. Cellular suspensions in Tris-EDTA buffer were used for DNA extraction after boiling for 20 min. Primers for PCR were selected from sequences of the LktC (Aa), Arg-gingipain (Pg) and BspA antigen (Tf) genes in order to yield amplicons below 100 bp. TaqMan-based real-time PCR was adjusted to quantify each species separately. Cycle threshold (CT) values were calculated for each species according to the initial number of copies. A reliability analysis was carried out using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) with a two-way random effects model. Results: A high sensitivity and specificity was obtained for the detection of the three bacterial species. The TaqMan real-time PCR technology yielded a good repeatability in the obtained cycle threshold (CT) values for each initial number of copies, demonstrating coefficients of variation below 5% for each bacteria. The reproducibility of the technique was also demonstrated by the high ICCs (>0.98; p

7 páginas, 3 figuras, 5 tablas -- PAGS nros. 1054-1060, Objective: To develop a method for quantification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Tannerella forsythensis (Tf) from subgingival plaque samples based on TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Material and Methods: Bacterial cells from these species were obtained after culturing reference strains and were counted microscopically. Cellular suspensions in Tris-EDTA buffer were used for DNA extraction after boiling for 20 min. Primers for PCR were selected from sequences of the LktC (Aa), Arg-gingipain (Pg) and BspA antigen (Tf) genes in order to yield amplicons below 100 bp. TaqMan-based real-time PCR was adjusted to quantify each species separately. Cycle threshold (CT) values were calculated for each species according to the initial number of copies. A reliability analysis was carried out using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) with a two-way random effects model. Results: A high sensitivity and specificity was obtained for the detection of the three bacterial species. The TaqMan real-time PCR technology yielded a good repeatability in the obtained cycle threshold (CT) values for each initial number of copies, demonstrating coefficients of variation below 5% for each bacteria. The reproducibility of the technique was also demonstrated by the high ICCs (>0.98; p

Selección de textos que presentan reflexiones y propuestas prácticas para llevar a cabo en la escuela (3-12 años) con la particularidad, en cada caso, de ofrecer recursos para niños más pequeños (0-3 años). Ministerio Educación CIDE Biblioteca de Educación del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte; Calle San Agustín 5 -3 Planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; biblioteca@mecd.es ESP