549 results on '"Mark, Sullivan"'
Search Results
2. Order Set Usage is Associated With Lower Hospital Mortality in Patients With Sepsis
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Christopher R. Dale, MD, MPH, Shelley Schoepflin Sanders, MD, Shu Ching Chang, PhD, Omar Pandhair, MD, Naomi G. Diggs, MD, MBA, Whitney Woodruff, MPH, David N. Selander, MD, MBA, Nicholas M. Mark, MD, Sarah Nurse, MHA, RN, Mark Sullivan, MD, MPH, Liga Mezaraups, MHA, RN, and D. Shane O’Mahony, MD
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Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
IMPORTANCE:. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends standard operating procedures for patients with sepsis. Real-world evidence about sepsis order set implementation is limited. OBJECTIVES:. To estimate the effect of sepsis order set usage on hospital mortality. DESIGN:. Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:. Fifty-four acute care hospitals in the United States from December 1, 2020 to November 30, 2022 involving 104,662 patients hospitalized for sepsis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:. Hospital mortality. RESULTS:. The sepsis order set was used in 58,091 (55.5%) patients with sepsis. Initial mean sequential organ failure assessment score was 0.3 lower in patients for whom the order set was used than in those for whom it was not used (2.9 sd [2.8] vs 3.2 [3.1], p < 0.01). In bivariate analysis, hospital mortality was 6.3% lower in patients for whom the sepsis order set was used (9.7% vs 16.0%, p < 0.01), median time from emergency department triage to antibiotics was 54 minutes less (125 interquartile range [IQR, 68–221] vs 179 [98–379], p < 0.01), and median total time hypotensive was 2.1 hours less (5.5 IQR [2.0–15.0] vs 7.6 [2.5–21.8], p < 0.01) and septic shock was 3.2% less common (22.0% vs 25.4%, p < 0.01). Order set use was associated with 1.1 fewer median days of hospitalization (4.9 [2.8–9.0] vs 6.0 [3.2–12.1], p < 0.01), and 6.6% more patients discharged to home (61.4% vs 54.8%, p < 0.01). In the multivariable model, sepsis order set use was independently associated with lower hospital mortality (odds ratio 0.70; 95% CI, 0.66–0.73). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:. In a cohort of patients hospitalized with sepsis, order set use was independently associated with lower hospital mortality. Order sets can impact large-scale quality improvement efforts.
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- 2023
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3. The WIRE study a phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised window-of-opportunity clinical trial platform using a Bayesian adaptive design for proof-of-mechanism of novel treatment strategies in operable renal cell cancer – a study protocol
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Stephan Ursprung, Helen Mossop, Ferdia A. Gallagher, Evis Sala, Richard Skells, Jamal A. N. Sipple, Thomas J. Mitchell, Anita Chhabra, Kate Fife, Athena Matakidou, Gemma Young, Amanda Walker, Martin G. Thomas, Mireia Crispin Ortuzar, Mark Sullivan, Andrew Protheroe, Grenville Oades, Balaji Venugopal, Anne Y. Warren, John Stone, Tim Eisen, James Wason, Sarah J. Welsh, and Grant D. Stewart
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Clinical trial protocol [MeSH] ,Clear cell renal cell carcinoma [MeSH] ,Phase II clinical trial [MeSH] ,Bayesian adaptive trial ,Olaparib [MeSH] ,Cediranib [MeSH] ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Window-of-opportunity trials, evaluating the engagement of drugs with their biological target in the time period between diagnosis and standard-of-care treatment, can help prioritise promising new systemic treatments for later-phase clinical trials. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the 7th commonest solid cancer in the UK, exhibits targets for multiple new systemic anti-cancer agents including DNA damage response inhibitors, agents targeting vascular pathways and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here we present the trial protocol for the WIndow-of-opportunity clinical trial platform for evaluation of novel treatment strategies in REnal cell cancer (WIRE). Methods WIRE is a Phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised, proof-of-mechanism (single and combination investigational medicinal product [IMP]), platform trial using a Bayesian adaptive design. The Bayesian adaptive design leverages outcome information from initial participants during pre-specified interim analyses to determine and minimise the number of participants required to demonstrate efficacy or futility. Patients with biopsy-proven, surgically resectable, cT1b+, cN0–1, cM0–1 clear cell RCC and no contraindications to the IMPs are eligible to participate. Participants undergo diagnostic staging CT and renal mass biopsy followed by treatment in one of the treatment arms for at least 14 days. Initially, the trial includes five treatment arms with cediranib, cediranib + olaparib, olaparib, durvalumab and durvalumab + olaparib. Participants undergo a multiparametric MRI before and after treatment. Vascularised and de-vascularised tissue is collected at surgery. A ≥ 30% increase in CD8+ T-cells on immunohistochemistry between the screening and nephrectomy is the primary endpoint for durvalumab-containing arms. Meanwhile, a reduction in tumour vascular permeability measured by K trans on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI by ≥30% is the primary endpoint for other arms. Secondary outcomes include adverse events and tumour size change. Exploratory outcomes include biomarkers of drug mechanism and treatment effects in blood, urine, tissue and imaging. Discussion WIRE is the first trial using a window-of-opportunity design to demonstrate pharmacological activity of novel single and combination treatments in RCC in the pre-surgical space. It will provide rationale for prioritising promising treatments for later phase trials and support the development of new biomarkers of treatment effect with its extensive translational agenda. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03741426 / EudraCT: 2018–003056-21 .
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- 2021
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4. Pharmacokinetics of oral moxidectin in individuals with Onchocerca volvulus infection.
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Beesan Tan, Nicholas Opoku, Simon K Attah, Kwablah Awadzi, Annette C Kuesel, Janis Lazdins-Helds, Craig Rayner, Victoria Ryg-Cornejo, Mark Sullivan, and Lawrence Fleckenstein
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundOnchocerciasis ("river blindness"), is a neglected tropical disease caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus and transmitted to humans through repeated bites by infective blackflies of the genus Simulium. Moxidectin was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2018 for the treatment of onchocerciasis in people at least 12 years of age. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered moxidectin in 18- to 60-year-old men and women infected with Onchocerca volvulus were investigated in a single-center, ivermectin-controlled, double-blind, randomized, single-ascending-dose, ascending severity of infection study in Ghana.Methodology/principal findingsParticipants were randomized to either a single dose of 2, 4 or 8 mg moxidectin or ivermectin. Pharmacokinetic samples were collected prior to dosing and at intervals up to 12 months post-dose from 33 and 34 individuals treated with 2 and 4 mg moxidectin, respectively and up to 18 months post-dose from 31 individuals treated with 8 mg moxidectin. Moxidectin plasma concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Moxidectin plasma AUC0-∞ (2 mg: 26.7-31.7 days*ng/mL, 4 mg: 39.1-60.0 days*ng/mL, 8 mg: 99.5-129.0 days*ng/mL) and Cmax (2mg, 16.2 to17.3 ng/mL, 4 mg: 33.4 to 35.0 ng/mL, 8 mg: 55.7 to 74.4 ng/mL) were dose-proportional and independent of severity of infection. Maximum plasma concentrations were achieved 4 hours after drug administration. The mean terminal half-lives of moxidectin were 20.6, 17.7, and 23.3 days at the 2, 4 and 8 mg dose levels, respectively.Conclusion/significanceWe found no relationship between severity of infection (mild, moderate or severe) and exposure parameters (AUC0-∞ and Cmax), T1/2 and Tmax for moxidectin. Tmax, volume of distribution (V/F) and oral clearance (CL/F) are similar to those in healthy volunteers from Europe. From a pharmacokinetic perspective, moxidectin is an attractive long-acting therapeutic option for the treatment of human onchocerciasis.
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- 2022
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5. Probing the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae using circumstellar material interaction signatures
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Peter Clark, Kate Maguire, Mattia Bulla, Lluís Galbany, Mark Sullivan, Joseph P Anderson, and Stephen J Smartt
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- 2021
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6. Designing an Optimal LSST Deep Drilling Program for Cosmology with Type Ia Supernovae
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Philippe Gris, Nicolas Regnault, Humna Awan, Isobel Hook, Saurabh W. Jha, Michelle Lochner, Bruno Sanchez, Dan Scolnic, Mark Sullivan, Peter Yoachim, and The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration
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Cosmological parameters ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 - Abstract
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is forecast to collect a large sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) expected to be instrumental in unveiling the nature of dark energy. The feat, however, requires accurately measuring the two components of the Hubble diagram, distance modulus and redshift. Distance is estimated from SN Ia parameters extracted from light-curve fits, where the average quality of light curves is primarily driven by survey parameters. An optimal observing strategy is thus critical for measuring cosmological parameters with high accuracy. We present in this paper a three-stage analysis to assess the impact of the deep drilling (DD) strategy parameters on three critical aspects of the survey: redshift completeness, the number of well-measured SNe Ia, and cosmological measurements. We demonstrate that the current DD survey plans (internal LSST simulations) are characterized by a low completeness ( z ∼ 0.55–0.65), and irregular and low cadences (several days), which dramatically decrease the size of the well-measured SN Ia sample. We propose a method providing the number of visits required to reach higher redshifts. We use the results to design a set of optimized DD surveys for SN Ia cosmology taking full advantage of spectroscopic resources for host galaxy redshift measurements. The most accurate cosmological measurements are achieved with deep rolling surveys characterized by a high cadence (1 day), a rolling strategy (at least two seasons of observation per field), and ultradeep ( z ≳ 0.8) and deep ( z ≳ 0.6) fields. A deterministic scheduler including a gap recovery mechanism is critical to achieving a high-quality DD survey.
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- 2023
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7. Erratum: 'Spectra of Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory' (2018, ApJ, 855, 2)
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Robert M. Quimby, Annalisa De Cia, Avishay Gal-Yam, Giorgos Leloudas, Ragnhild Lunnan, Daniel A. Perley, Paul M. Vreeswijk, Lin Yan, Joshua S. Bloom, S. Bradley Cenko, Jeff Cooke, Richard Ellis, Alexei V. Filippenko, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Io K. W. Kleiser, Shrinivas R. Kulkarni, Thomas Matheson, Peter E. Nugent, Yen-Chen Pan, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Assaf Sternberg, Mark Sullivan, and Ofer Yaron
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Astrophysics ,QB460-466 - Published
- 2023
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8. Challenges of early renal cancer detection: symptom patterns and incidental diagnosis rate in a multicentre prospective UK cohort of patients presenting with suspected renal cancer
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Michelle Wilson, Naveen S Vasudev, Grant D Stewart, Adebanji Adeyoju, Jon Cartledge, Michael Kimuli, Shibendra Datta, Damian Hanbury, David Hrouda, Grenville Oades, Poulam Patel, Naeem Soomro, Mark Sullivan, Jeff Webster, Peter J Selby, and Rosamonde E Banks
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Medicine - Abstract
Objectives To describe the frequency and nature of symptoms in patients presenting with suspected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and examine their reliability in achieving early diagnosis.Design Multicentre prospective observational cohort study.Setting and participants Eleven UK centres recruiting patients presenting with suspected newly diagnosed RCC. Symptoms reported by patients were recorded and reviewed. Comprehensive clinico-pathological and outcome data were also collected.Outcomes Type and frequency of reported symptoms, incidental diagnosis rate, metastasis-free survival and cancer-specific survival.Results Of 706 patients recruited between 2011 and 2014, 608 patients with a confirmed RCC formed the primary study population. The majority (60%) of patients were diagnosed incidentally. 87% of patients with stage Ia and 36% with stage III or IV disease presented incidentally. Visible haematuria was reported in 23% of patients and was commonly associated with advanced disease (49% had stage III or IV disease). Symptomatic presentation was associated with poorer outcomes, likely reflecting the presence of higher stage disease. Symptom patterns among the 54 patients subsequently found to have a benign renal mass were similar to those with a confirmed RCC.Conclusions Raising public awareness of RCC-related symptoms as a strategy to improve early detection rates is limited by the fact that related symptoms are relatively uncommon and often associated with advanced disease. Greater attention must be paid to the feasibility of screening strategies and the identification of circulating diagnostic biomarkers.
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- 2020
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9. Digital Pathology Transformation in a Supraregional Germ Cell Tumour Network
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Richard Colling, Andrew Protheroe, Mark Sullivan, Ruth Macpherson, Mark Tuthill, Jacqueline Redgwell, Zoe Traill, Angus Molyneux, Elizabeth Johnson, Niveen Abdullah, Andrea Taibi, Nikki Mercer, Harry R. Haynes, Anthony Sackville, Judith Craft, Joao Reis, Gabrielle Rees, Maria Soares, Ian S. D. Roberts, Darrin Siiankoski, Helen Hemsworth, Derek Roskell, Sharon Roberts-Gant, Kieron White, Jens Rittscher, Jim Davies, Lisa Browning, and Clare Verrill
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digital ,pathology ,testis ,germ cell ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: In this article we share our experience of creating a digital pathology (DP) supraregional germ cell tumour service, including full digitisation of the central laboratory. Methods: DP infrastructure (Philips) was deployed across our hospital network to allow full central digitisation with partial digitisation of two peripheral sites in the supraregional testis germ cell tumour network. We used a survey-based approach to capture the quantitative and qualitative experiences of the multidisciplinary teams involved. Results: The deployment enabled case sharing for the purposes of diagnostic reporting, second opinion, and supraregional review. DP was seen as a positive step forward for the departments involved, and for the wider germ cell tumour network, and was completed without significant issues. Whilst there were challenges, the transition to DP was regarded as worthwhile, and examples of benefits to patients are already recognised. Conclusion: Pathology networks, including highly specialised services, such as in this study, are ideally suited to be digitised. We highlight many of the benefits but also the challenges that must be overcome for such clinical transformation. Overall, from the survey, the change was seen as universally positive for our service and highlights the importance of engagement of the whole team to achieve success.
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- 2021
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10. Isolation and Quantification of Metabolite Levels in Murine Tumor Interstitial Fluid by LC/MS
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Mark Sullivan, Caroline Lewis, and Alexander Muir
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Cancer is a disease characterized by altered metabolism, and there has been renewed interest in understanding the metabolism of tumors. Even though nutrient availability is a critical determinant of tumor metabolism, there has been little systematic study of the nutrients directly available to cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Previous work characterizing the metabolites present in the tumor interstitial fluid has been restricted to the measurement of a small number of nutrients such as glucose and lactate in a limited number of samples. Here we adapt a centrifugation-based method of tumor interstitial fluid isolation readily applicable to a number of sample types and a mass spectrometry-based method for the absolute quantitation of many metabolites in interstitial fluid samples. In this method, tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) is analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) using both isotope dilution and external standard calibration to derive absolute concentrations of targeted metabolites present in interstitial fluid. The use of isotope dilution allows for accurate absolute quantitation of metabolites, as other methods of quantitation are inadequate for determining nutrient concentrations in biological fluids due to matrix effects that alter the apparent concentration of metabolites depending on the composition of the fluid in which they are contained. This method therefore can be applied to measure the absolute concentrations of many metabolites in interstitial fluid from diverse tumor types, as well as most other biological fluids, allowing for characterization of nutrient levels in the microenvironment of solid tumors.
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- 2019
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11. Durable left ventricular assist device implant—how I teach it
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Joseph Sweeney, Siddharth Pahwa, Jaimin Trivedi, and Mark Sullivan Slaughter
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
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12. A machine learning algorithm to predict a culprit lesion after out of hospital cardiac arrest
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Nilesh Pareek, Christopher Frohmaier, Mathew Smith, Peter Kordis, Antonio Cannata, Jo Nevett, Rachael Fothergill, Robert C. Nichol, Mark Sullivan, Nicholas Sunderland, Thomas W. Johnson, Marko Noc, Jonathan Byrne, Philip MacCarthy, and Ajay M. Shah
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,General Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background: we aimed to develop a machine learning algorithm to predict the presence of a culprit lesion in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: we used the King's Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry, a retrospective cohort of 398 patients admitted to King's College Hospital between May 2012 and December 2017. The primary outcome was the presence of a culprit coronary artery lesion, for which a gradient boosting model was optimized to predict. The algorithm was then validated in two independent European cohorts comprising 568 patients. Results: a culprit lesion was observed in 209/309 (67.4%) patients receiving early coronary angiography in the development, and 199/293 (67.9%) in the Ljubljana and 102/132 (61.1%) in the Bristol validation cohorts, respectively. The algorithm, which is presented as a web application, incorporates nine variables including age, a localizing feature on electrocardiogram (ECG) (≥2 mm of ST change in contiguous leads), regional wall motion abnormality, history of vascular disease and initial shockable rhythm. This model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 in the development and 0.83/0.81 in the validation cohorts with good calibration and outperforms the current gold standard-ECG alone (AUC: 0.69/0.67/0/67). Conclusions: a novel simple machine learning-derived algorithm can be applied to patients with OHCA, to predict a culprit coronary artery disease lesion with high accuracy.
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- 2023
13. Identification of variant HIV envelope proteins with enhanced affinities for precursors to anti-gp41 broadly neutralizing antibodies.
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Hong Zhu, Elizabeth Mathew, Sara M Connelly, Jeffrey Zuber, Mark Sullivan, Michael S Piepenbrink, James J Kobie, and Mark E Dumont
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
HIV envelope protein (Env) is the sole target of broadly neutralizing antibodies (BNAbs) that are capable of neutralizing diverse strains of HIV. While BNAbs develop spontaneously in a subset of HIV-infected patients, efforts to design an envelope protein-based immunogen to elicit broadly neutralizing antibody responses have so far been unsuccessful. It is hypothesized that a primary barrier to eliciting BNAbs is the fact that HIV envelope proteins bind poorly to the germline-encoded unmutated common ancestor (UCA) precursors to BNAbs. To identify variant forms of Env with increased affinities for the UCA forms of BNAbs 4E10 and 10E8, which target the Membrane Proximal External Region (MPER) of Env, libraries of randomly mutated Env variants were expressed in a yeast surface display system and screened using fluorescence activated cell sorting for cells displaying variants with enhanced abilities to bind the UCA antibodies. Based on analyses of individual clones obtained from the screen and on next-generation sequencing of sorted libraries, distinct but partially overlapping sets of amino acid substitutions conferring enhanced UCA antibody binding were identified. These were particularly enriched in substitutions of arginine for highly conserved tryptophan residues. The UCA-binding variants also generally exhibited enhanced binding to the mature forms of anti-MPER antibodies. Mapping of the identified substitutions into available structures of Env suggest that they may act by destabilizing both the initial pre-fusion conformation and the six-helix bundle involved in fusion of the viral and cell membranes, as well as providing new or expanded epitopes with increased accessibility for the UCA antibodies.
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- 2019
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14. Social media as a data resource for #monkseal conservation.
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Mark Sullivan, Stacie Robinson, and Charles Littnan
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The prevalence of social media platforms that share photos and videos could prove useful for wildlife research and conservation programs. When social media users post pictures and videos of animals, near real-time data like individual identification, sex, location, or other information are made accessible to scientists. These data can help inform researchers about animal occurrence, behavior, or threats to survival. The endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) population has only 1,400 seals remaining in the wild. A small but growing population of seals has recently reestablished itself in the human-populated main Hawaiian Islands. While this population growth raises concerns about human-seal interactions it also provides the opportunity to capitalize on human observations to enhance research and conservation activities. We measured the potential utility of non-traditional data sources, in this case Instagram, to supplement current population monitoring of monk seals in the main Hawaiian Islands. We tracked all Instagram posts with the identifier #monkseal for a one-year period and assessed the photos for biological and geographical information, behavioral concerns, human disturbance and public perceptions. Social media posts were less likely to provide images suitable for individual seal identification (16.5%) than traditional sighting reports (79.9%). However, social media enhanced the ability to detect human-seal interactions or animal disturbances: 22.1%, of the 2,392 Instagram posts examined showed people within 3 meters of a seal, and 17.8% indicated a disturbance to the animal, meanwhile only 0.64% of traditional reports noted a disturbance to the animal. This project demonstrated that data obtained through social media posts have value to monk seal research and management strategies beyond traditional data collection, and further development of social media platforms as data resources is warranted. Many conservation programs may benefit from similar work using social media to supplement the research and conservation activities they are undertaking.
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- 2019
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15. Creative use of the priority review voucher by public and not-for-profit actors delivers the first new FDA-approved treatment for river blindness in 20 years.
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Piero L Olliaro, Annette C Kuesel, Christine M Halleux, Mark Sullivan, and John C Reeder
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2018
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16. High Altitude Affects Nocturnal Non-linear Heart Rate Variability: PATCH-HA Study
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Christopher J. Boos, Kyo Bye, Luke Sevier, Josh Bakker-Dyos, David R. Woods, Mark Sullivan, Tom Quinlan, and Adrian Mellor
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heart rate variability ,high altitude ,cardiac patch ,acute mountain sickness ,non-linear ,rating of perceived exertion ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Background: High altitude (HA) exposure can lead to changes in resting heart rate variability (HRV), which may be linked to acute mountain sickness (AMS) development. Compared with traditional HRV measures, non-linear HRV appears to offer incremental and prognostic data, yet its utility and relationship to AMS have been barely examined at HA. This study sought to examine this relationship at terrestrial HA.Methods: Sixteen healthy British military servicemen were studied at baseline (800 m, first night) and over eight consecutive nights, at a sleeping altitude of up to 3600 m. A disposable cardiac patch monitor was used, to record the nocturnal cardiac inter-beat interval data, over 1 h (0200–0300 h), for offline HRV assessment. Non-linear HRV measures included Sample entropy (SampEn), the short (α1, 4–12 beats) and long-term (α2, 13–64 beats) detrend fluctuation analysis slope and the correlation dimension (D2). The maximal rating of perceived exertion (RPE), during daily exercise, was assessed using the Borg 6–20 RPE scale.Results: All subjects completed the HA exposure. The average age of included subjects was 31.4 ± 8.1 years. HA led to a significant fall in SpO2 and increase in heart rate, LLS and RPE. There were no significant changes in the ECG-derived respiratory rate or in any of the time domain measures of HRV during sleep. The only notable changes in frequency domain measures of HRV were an increase in LF and fall in HFnu power at the highest altitude. Conversely, SampEn, SD1/SD2 and D2 all fell, whereas α1 and α2 increased (p < 0.05). RPE inversely correlated with SD1/SD2 (r = -0.31; p = 0.002), SampEn (r = -0.22; p = 0.03), HFnu (r = -0.27; p = 0.007) and positively correlated with LF (r = 0.24; p = 0.02), LF/HF (r = 0.24; p = 0.02), α1 (r = 0.32; p = 0.002) and α2 (r = 0.21; p = 0.04). AMS occurred in 7/16 subjects (43.8%) and was very mild in 85.7% of cases. HRV failed to predict AMS.Conclusion: Non-linear HRV is more sensitive to the effects of HA than time and frequency domain indices. HA leads to a compensatory decrease in nocturnal HRV and complexity, which is influenced by the RPE measured at the end of the previous day. HRV failed to predict AMS development.
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- 2018
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17. Optimizing a magnitude-limited spectroscopic training sample for photometric classification of supernovae
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Kyle Boone, Jonathan E. Carrick, E. Swann, Isobel Hook, Alex G. Kim, Mark Sullivan, and C. Frohmaier
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Pipeline (computing) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Magnitude (mathematics) ,Sample (statistics) ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Software ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,data analysis [methods] ,Range (statistics) ,Time domain ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Complement (set theory) ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,observations [cosmology] ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,business ,general [supernovae] ,Algorithm ,Astronomical and Space Sciences - Abstract
In preparation for photometric classification of transients from the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) we run tests with different training data sets. Using estimates of the depth to which the 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST) Time Domain Extragalactic Survey (TiDES) can classify transients, we simulate a magnitude-limited sample reaching $r_{\textrm{AB}} \approx$ 22.5 mag. We run our simulations with the software snmachine, a photometric classification pipeline using machine learning. The machine-learning algorithms struggle to classify supernovae when the training sample is magnitude-limited, in contrast to representative training samples. Classification performance noticeably improves when we combine the magnitude-limited training sample with a simulated realistic sample of faint, high-redshift supernovae observed from larger spectroscopic facilities; the algorithms' range of average area under ROC curve (AUC) scores over 10 runs increases from 0.547-0.628 to 0.946-0.969 and purity of the classified sample reaches 95 per cent in all runs for 2 of the 4 algorithms. By creating new, artificial light curves using the augmentation software avocado, we achieve a purity in our classified sample of 95 per cent in all 10 runs performed for all machine-learning algorithms considered. We also reach a highest average AUC score of 0.986 with the artificial neural network algorithm. Having `true' faint supernovae to complement our magnitude-limited sample is a crucial requirement in optimisation of a 4MOST spectroscopic sample. However, our results are a proof of concept that augmentation is also necessary to achieve the best classification results., MNRAS accepted version Aug 2021
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- 2021
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18. Developing product quality standards for wheelchairs used in less-resourced environments
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Anand Mhatre, Daniel Martin, Matt McCambridge, Norman Reese, Mark Sullivan, Don Schoendorfer, Eric Wunderlich, Chris Rushman, Dave Mahilo, and Jon Pearlman
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International Society of Wheelchair Professionals ,less-resourced environments ,literature review ,wheelchairs ,wheelchair standards ,wheelchair testing ,World Health Organization ,Vocational rehabilitation. Employment of people with disabilities ,HD7255-7256 ,Communities. Classes. Races ,HT51-1595 - Abstract
Background: Premature failures of wheelchairs in less-resourced environments (LREs) may be because of shortcomings in product regulation and quality standards. The standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) specify wheelchair tests for durability, safety and performance, but their applicability to products used in the rugged conditions of LREs is unclear. Because of this, wheelchair-related guidelines published by the World Health Organization recommended developing more rigorous durability tests for wheelchairs. Objectives: This study was performed to identify the additional tests needed for LREs. Methods: First, a literature review of the development of ISO test standards, wheelchair standards testing studies and wheelchair evaluations in LREs was performed. Second, expert advice from members of the Standards Working Group of the International Society of Wheelchair Professionals (ISWP) was compiled and reviewed. Results: A total of 35 articles were included in the literature review. Participation from LREs was not observed in the ISO standards development. As per wheelchair testing study evidence, wheelchair models delivered in LREs did not meet the minimum standards requirement. Multiple part failures and repairs were observed with reviewed field evaluation studies. ISWP experts noted that several testing factors responsible for premature failures with wheelchair parts are not included in the standards and accordingly provided advice for additional test development. Conclusion: The study findings indicate the need to develop a wide range of tests, with specific tests for measuring corrosion resistance of the entire wheelchair, rolling resistance of castors and rear wheels, and durability of whole wheelchair and castor assemblies.
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- 2017
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19. Surveillance for low-risk kidney cancer: a narrative review of contemporary worldwide practices
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Mark Sullivan and Helen Cui
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Performance status ,business.industry ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Retrospective cohort study ,Cochrane Library ,medicine.disease ,Nephrectomy ,Natural history ,Reproductive Medicine ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,Kidney cancer ,Review Article on Expectant Management in Genitourinary Malignancies (Prostate, Bladder, Kidney) ,Cohort study - Abstract
The management trend of low-risk kidney cancer over the last decade has been from treatment with radical nephrectomy, to use of nephron sparing procedures of partial nephrectomy and ablation, as well as the option of active surveillance (AS). This narrative review aims to summarise the available guidelines related to AS and review the published descriptions of regional practices on the management of low-risk kidney cancer worldwide. A search of PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases for studies published 2010 to June 2020 identified 15 studies, performed between 2000 and 2019, which investigated 13 different cohorts of low-risk kidney cancer patients on AS. Although international guidelines show a level of agreement in their recommendation on how AS is conducted, in terms of patient selection, surveillance strategy and triggers for intervention, cohort studies show distinct differences in worldwide practice of AS. Prospective studies showed general agreement in their predefined selection criteria for entry into AS. Retrospective studies showed that patients who were older, with greater comorbidities, worse performance status and smaller tumours were more likely to be managed with AS. The rate of percutaneous renal mass biopsy varied between studies from 2% to 56%. The surveillance protocol was different across all studies in terms of recommended modality and frequency of imaging. Of the 6 studies which had set indications for intervention, these were broadly in agreement. Despite clear criteria for intervention, patient or surgeon preference was still the reason in 11–71% of cases of delayed intervention across 5 studies. This review shows that AS is being applied in a variety of centres worldwide and that key areas of patient selection criteria and surveillance strategy have large similarities. However, the rate of renal mass biopsy and of delayed intervention varies significantly between studies, suggesting the process of diagnosing malignant SRM and decision making whilst on AS are varying in practice. Further research is needed on the diagnosis and characterisation of incidentally found small renal masses (SRM), using imaging and histology, and the natural history of these SRM in order to develop evidence-based active surveillance protocols.
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- 2021
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20. Pain Intensity as a Lagging Indicator of Patient Improvement: Longitudinal Relationships With Sleep, Psychiatric Distress, and Function in Multidisciplinary Care
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John A. Sturgeon, Dale J. Langford, David J. Tauben, and Mark Sullivan
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Adult ,Sleep Wake Disorders ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Comorbidity ,Anxiety ,Severity of Illness Index ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,medicine ,Numeric Rating Scale ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Retrospective Studies ,Sleep disorder ,Depression ,business.industry ,Chronic pain ,Models, Theoretical ,medicine.disease ,Psychosocial Functioning ,Distress ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Neurology ,Physical therapy ,Neurology (clinical) ,Chronic Pain ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Psychosocial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Despite a common assumption that reductions in chronic pain intensity must precede improvements in other pain-relevant domains, there has been limited empirical inquiry into the temporal ordering of improvements in chronic pain treatment. Cross-lagged models using retrospective clinical data examined relationships between average pain intensity and symptoms of psychological distress, difficulties with sleep initiation and maintenance, and disability in 666 treatment-seeking patients with chronic pain who demonstrated improvement in pain intensity (≥1-point reduction on 0-10 numeric rating scale) over a 1-year span. Results indicated that decreased difficulties with sleep initiation, depressive and anxious symptoms, and disability predicted later improvement in pain intensity, whereas greater pain intensity predicted only later difficulties in sleep initiation and maintenance. A combined lagged model highlighted fewer baseline symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and lower levels of baseline disability as significant predictors of later improvements in pain. Overall, our results indicate that reductions in pain intensity may not be the first factors to change in effective chronic pain management. The current findings should be replicated using prospective studies utilizing structured approaches to maximize data capture, as well as uniform interventional approaches to permit greater inferences regarding causal and temporal aspects of the model. Perspective This study demonstrates that pain intensity scores are not robust predictors of psychosocial outcomes longitudinally. Instead, other factors such as sleep initiation, psychological distress and disability appear to be important targets for intervention that may promote effective pain reduction.
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- 2021
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21. 'We Need to Taper.' Interviews with Clinicians and Pharmacists About Use of a Pharmacy-Led Opioid Tapering Program
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Alison Firemark, Lou Ann Thorsness, David H. Smith, Lynn DeBar, Jennifer L. Schneider, Jennifer L. Kuntz, John F. Dickerson, Dea Papajorgji-Taylor, Mark Sullivan, and Katherine R Reese
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Northwestern United States ,Referral ,animal diseases ,education ,Pharmacist ,Coding (therapy) ,Tapering ,Pharmacy ,Pharmacists ,Patient safety ,medicine ,Humans ,Primary Health Care ,business.industry ,Chronic pain ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Co-Morbid Pain & Substance Use Disorders Section ,Content analysis ,Family medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,business - Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify factors that influence or interfere with referrals by primary care providers (PCPs) to a pharmacist-led telephone-based program to assist patients undergoing opioid tapering. The Support Team Onsite Resource for Management of Pain (STORM) program provides individualized patient care and supports PCPs in managing opioid tapers.DesignQualitative interviews were conducted with referring PCPs and STORM staff. Interview guides addressed concepts from the RE-AIM framework, focusing on issues affecting referral to the STORM program.SettingAn integrated healthcare system (HCS) in the Northwest United States.SubjectsThirty-five interviews were conducted with 20 PCPs and 15 STORM staff.MethodsConstant comparative analysis was used to identify key themes from interviews. A codebook was developed based on interview data and a qualitative software program was used for coding, iterative review, and content analysis. Representative quotes illustrate identified themes.ResultsUse of the STORM opioid tapering program was influenced by PCP, patient, and HCS considerations. Factors motivating use of STORM included lack of PCP time to support chronic pain patients requiring opioid tapering and the perception that STORM is a valued partner in patient care. Impediments to referral included PCP confidence in managing opioid tapering, patient resistance to tapering, forgetting about program availability, and PCP resistance to evolving guidelines regarding opioid tapering goals.ConclusionsPCPs recognized that STORM supported patient safety and reduced clinician burden. Utilization of the program could be improved through ongoing PCP education about the service and consistent co-location of STORM pharmacists within primary care clinics.
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- 2021
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22. Complex Persistent Opioid Dependence with Long-term Opioids: a Gray Area That Needs Definition, Better Understanding, Treatment Guidance, and Policy Changes
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R. Ross MacLean, Mark Sullivan, William C. Becker, Ajay Manhapra, and Jane C. Ballantyne
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Adult ,Policy development ,medicine.medical_specialty ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Controlling pain ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0101 mathematics ,Intensive care medicine ,business.industry ,010102 general mathematics ,Chronic pain ,Opioid use disorder ,Pain management ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,medicine.disease ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Policy ,Opioid ,Perspective ,Chronic Pain ,business ,Buprenorphine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The multitude of treatments available for tens of millions of US adults with moderate/severe chronic pain have limited efficacy. Long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) is a widely available option for controlling pain among patients with chronic pain refractory to other treatments. The recent recognition of LTOT inefficacy and complications has led to more frequent opioid tapering, which in turn has revealed its own set of complications. The occurrence of the same set of symptoms—worsening pain, declining function, and clinical instability—in contrasting contexts of LTOT ineffectiveness and opioid tapering has led to increasing recognition of the utility of complex persistent opioid dependence (CPOD), a clinically distinct but biologically similar state compared with opioid use disorder as an explanatory diagnosis/heuristic. Recent guidelines for LTOT tapering have incorporated buprenorphine treatment based on CPOD concepts as a recommended treatment for problems due to opioid tapering with limited supportive evidence. The increasing utilization of buprenorphine for both LTOT ineffectiveness and opioid tapering problems raises the urgent need for a review of the clinical definition, mechanisms, and treatment of CPOD and pertinent policies. In this manuscript, we discuss various issues related to CPOD that requires further clarification through research and policy development.
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- 2020
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23. Ensuring Patient Protections When Tapering Opioids: Consensus Panel Recommendations
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W. Michael Hooten, Charles Argoff, Mark Sullivan, Penney Cowan, Halena M. Gazelka, Stefan G. Kertesz, Steven P. Stanos, Ajay Manhapra, Edward C. Covington, Jennifer L. Murphy, and Jane C. Ballantyne
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Biopsychosocial model ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,Unintended consequences ,business.industry ,Population ,Opioid use disorder ,General Medicine ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,medicine.disease ,Discontinuation ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Opioid ,Risk Factors ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,education ,business ,Adverse effect ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Long-term opioid therapy has the potential for serious adverse outcomes and is often used in a vulnerable population. Because adverse effects or failure to maintain benefits is common with long-term use, opioid taper or discontinuation may be indicated in certain patients. Concerns about the adverse individual and population effects of opioids have led to numerous strategies aimed at reductions in prescribing. Although opioid reduction efforts have had generally beneficial effects, there have been unintended consequences. Abrupt reduction or discontinuation has been associated with harms that include serious withdrawal symptoms, psychological distress, self-medicating with illicit substances, uncontrolled pain, and suicide. Key questions remain about when and how to safely reduce or discontinue opioids in different patient populations. Thus, health care professionals who reduce or discontinue long-term opioid therapy require a clear understanding of the associated benefits and risks as well as guidance on the best practices for safe and effective opioid reduction. An interdisciplinary panel of pain clinicians and one patient advocate formulated recommendations on tapering methods and ongoing pain management in primary care with emphasis on patient-centered, integrated, comprehensive treatment models employing a biopsychosocial perspective.
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- 2020
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24. A new cancer on the block: Tuberous sclerosis-associated renal cell carcinoma
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Mark Sullivan, Clare Verrill, and Helen Cui
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urology ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Renal tumour ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tuberous sclerosis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal cell carcinoma ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Internal medicine ,Block (telecommunications) ,medicine ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the first reported case of a renal tumour classified as tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal cell carcinoma in the UK and discuss its clinical implications. Case report: A female, aged 65 years, with tuberous sclerosis complex was found on surveillance imaging to have interval growth of multiple right renal tumours up to 19 mm. Right partial nephrectomy was performed. Histology showed multiple tiny angiomyolipomas and a 20 mm tumour classified as tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal cell carcinoma. These tumour cells showed abundant clear cytoplasm with a branched elongated arrangement encircled in dense smooth muscle stroma. Literature review: Renal cell carcinoma in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex is rare, occurring in approximately 4% of cases. Tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal cell carcinoma is a relatively new histological entity, having previously been described as clear cell or chromophobe-like, with only one published case series from the USA. These tumours have three histological entities which are distinct from all other renal cell carcinoma classifications. Based on case series, tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal cell carcinoma tends to occur more often in females, present at a younger age, have multiple tumours, and tend to show an indolent course, although metastases have been reported. Learning points: Patients with tuberous sclerosis complex can develop renal cell carcinoma, though the risk is thought to be no higher than for sporadic renal cell carcinoma. Given the limited literature, more evidence is required to help predict the future behaviour of these tumours. Level of evidence: 5
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- 2020
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25. Outcomes in Long-term Opioid Tapering and Buprenorphine Transition: A Retrospective Clinical Data Analysis
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Mark Sullivan, John A. Sturgeon, Simon Parker-Shames, Paul Coelho, and David J. Tauben
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Data Analysis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Psychological intervention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Opiate Substitution Treatment ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dosing ,Medical prescription ,Retrospective Studies ,Benzodiazepine ,business.industry ,Chronic pain ,General Medicine ,Guideline ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,medicine.disease ,Buprenorphine ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Opioid ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BackgroundThere are significant medical risks of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) for chronic pain. Consequently, there is a need to identify effective interventions for the reduction of high-dose full-agonist opioid medication use.MethodsThe current study details a retrospective review of 240 patients with chronic pain and LTOT presenting for treatment at a specialty opioid refill clinic. Patients first were initiated on an outpatient taper or, if taper was not tolerated, transitioned to buprenorphine. This study analyzes potential predictors of successful tapering, successful buprenorphine transition, or failure to complete either intervention and the effects of this clinical approach on pain intensity scores.ResultsOne hundred seven patients (44.6%) successfully tapered their opioid medications under the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline target dose (90 mg morphine-equianalgesic dosage), 45 patients (18.8%) were successfully transitioned to buprenorphine, and 88 patients (36.6%) dropped out of treatment: 11 patients during taper, eight during buprenorphine transition, and 69 before initiating either treatment. Conclusions. Higher initial doses of opioids predicted a higher likelihood of requiring buprenorphine transition, and a co-occurring benzodiazepine or z-drug prescription predicted a greater likelihood of dropout from both interventions. Patterns of change in pain intensity according to treatment were mixed: among successfully tapered patients, 52.8% reported greater pain and 23.6% reported reduced pain, whereas 41.8% reported increased pain intensity and 48.8% reported decreased pain after buprenorphine transition. Further research is needed on predictors of treatment retention and dropout, as well as factors that may mitigate elevated pain scores after reduction of opioid dosing.
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- 2020
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26. Monitoring Global Croplands with Coarse Resolution Earth Observations: The Global Agriculture Monitoring (GLAM) Project
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Inbal Becker-Reshef, Chris Justice, Mark Sullivan, Eric Vermote, Compton Tucker, Assaf Anyamba, Jen Small, Ed Pak, Ed Masuoka, Jeff Schmaltz, Matthew Hansen, Kyle Pittman, Charon Birkett, Derrick Williams, Curt Reynolds, and Bradley Doorn
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agriculture ,monitoring ,MODIS ,croplands ,GLAM ,Science - Abstract
In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in the demand for timely, comprehensive global agricultural intelligence. Timely information on global crop production is indispensable for combating the growing stress on the world’s crop production and for securing both short-term and long-term stable and reliable supply of food. Global agriculture monitoring systems are critical to providing this kind of intelligence and global earth observations are an essential component of an effective global agricultural monitoring system as they offer timely, objective, global information on croplands distribution, crop development and conditions as the growing season progresses. The Global Agriculture Monitoring Project (GLAM), a joint NASA, USDA, UMD and SDSU initiative, has built a global agricultural monitoring system that provides the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) with timely, easily accessible, scientifically-validated remotely-sensed data and derived products as well as data analysis tools, for crop-condition monitoring and production assessment. This system is an integral component of the USDA’s FAS Decision Support System (DSS) for agriculture. It has significantly improved the FAS crop analysts’ ability to monitor crop conditions, and to quantitatively forecast crop yields through the provision of timely, high-quality global earth observations data in a format customized for FAS alongside a suite of data analysis tools. FAS crop analysts use these satellite data in a ‘convergence of evidence’ approach with meteorological data, field reports, crop models, attaché reports and local reports. The USDA FAS is currently the only operational provider of timely, objective crop production forecasts at the global scale. These forecasts are routinely used by the other US Federal government agencies as well as by commodity trading companies, farmers, relief agencies and foreign governments. This paper discusses the operational components and new developments of the GLAM monitoring system as well as the future role of earth observations in global agricultural monitoring.
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- 2010
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27. Opioid Overprescribing or Underprescribing After Surgery?
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Mark Sullivan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Inappropriate Prescribing ,Interrupted Time Series Analysis ,General Medicine ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Text mining ,Opioid ,Humans ,Medicine ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
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28. The Optical and Mechanical Design for the 21,000 Actuator ExAO System for the Giant Magellan Telescope: GMagAO-X
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Laird M. Close, Jared R. Males, Olivier Durney, Fernando Coronado, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Victor Gasho, Alexander Hedglen, Maggie Y. Kautz, Tom E. Connors, Mark Sullivan, Olivier Guyon, and Jamison Noenickx
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Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
GMagAO-X is the near first light ExAO coronagraphic instrument for the 25.4m GMT. It is designed for a slot on the folded port of the GMT. To meet the strict ExAO fitting and servo error requirement (2KHz correction speeds. To minimize wavefront/segment piston error GMagAO-X has an interferometric beam combiner on a vibration isolated table, as part of this "21,000 actuator parallel DM". Piston errors are sensed by a Holographic Dispersed Fringe Sensor (HDFS). In addition to a coronagraph, it has a post-coronagraphic Lyot Low Order WFS (LLOWFS) to sense non-common path (NCP) errors. The LLOWFS drives a non-common path DM (NCP DM) to correct those NCP errors. GMagAO-X obtains high-contrast science and wavefront sensing in the visible and/or the NIR. Here we present our successful externally reviewed (Sept. 2021) CoDR optical-mechanical design that satisfies GMagAO-X's top-level science requirements and is compliant with the GMT instrument requirements and only requires COTS parts., 15 pages, 20 figures, Proc SPIE 12185 "Adaptive Optics Systems", "Telescopes and Instrumentation", July 2022, Montreal, Canada
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- 2022
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29. The WIRE study a phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised window-of-opportunity clinical trial platform using a Bayesian adaptive design for proof-of-mechanism of novel treatment strategies in operable renal cell cancer ��� a study protocol
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Grant D. Stewart, Tim Eisen, Gemma Young, Mark Sullivan, Richard Skells, Sarah J. Welsh, Anne Y. Warren, Amanda Walker, Helen Mossop, Ferdia A. Gallagher, Evis Sala, Balaji Venugopal, Grenville Oades, A. Chhabra, Andrew Protheroe, James Wason, Jamal A. N. Sipple, John Stone, Thomas J. Mitchell, Athena Matakidou, Kate Fife, Stephan Ursprung, Mireia Crispin Ortuzar, Martin G. Thomas, Stewart, Grant D [0000-0003-3188-9140], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Ursprung, Stephan [0000-0003-2476-178X], Gallagher, Ferdia [0000-0003-4784-5230], Sala, Evis [0000-0002-5518-9360], Warren, Anne [0000-0002-1170-7867], Eisen, Tim [0000-0001-9663-4873], Welsh, Sarah [0000-0001-5690-2677], Stewart, Grant [0000-0003-3188-9140], and Stewart, Grant D. [0000-0003-3188-9140]
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,Durvalumab ,Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biopsy ,Kidney ,Clear cell renal cell carcinoma [MeSH] ,Nephrectomy ,Piperazines ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Study Protocol ,Clinical trial protocol [MeSH] ,Phase II clinical trial [MeSH] ,Renal cell carcinoma ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Clinical endpoint ,Medicine ,Durvalumab [MeSH] ,RC254-282 ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Bayesian adaptive trial ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Kidney Neoplasms ,Tumor Burden ,Treatment Outcome ,Medical Futility ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Olaparib [MeSH] ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Neoadjuvant therapy [MeSH] ,Proof of Concept Study ,Olaparib ,Cediranib ,Capillary Permeability ,Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Humans ,Adverse effect ,Carcinoma, Renal Cell ,Window-of-opportunity ,business.industry ,Bayes Theorem ,Cediranib [MeSH] ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,chemistry ,Quinazolines ,Phthalazines ,business - Abstract
Funder: AstraZeneca (GB), Background: Window-of-opportunity trials, evaluating the engagement of drugs with their biological target in the time period between diagnosis and standard-of-care treatment, can help prioritise promising new systemic treatments for later-phase clinical trials. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the 7th commonest solid cancer in the UK, exhibits targets for multiple new systemic anti-cancer agents including DNA damage response inhibitors, agents targeting vascular pathways and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here we present the trial protocol for the WIndow-of-opportunity clinical trial platform for evaluation of novel treatment strategies in REnal cell cancer (WIRE). Methods: WIRE is a Phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised, proof-of-mechanism (single and combination investigational medicinal product [IMP]), platform trial using a Bayesian adaptive design. The Bayesian adaptive design leverages outcome information from initial participants during pre-specified interim analyses to determine and minimise the number of participants required to demonstrate efficacy or futility. Patients with biopsy-proven, surgically resectable, cT1b+, cN0���1, cM0���1 clear cell RCC and no contraindications to the IMPs are eligible to participate. Participants undergo diagnostic staging CT and renal mass biopsy followed by treatment in one of the treatment arms for at least 14 days. Initially, the trial includes five treatment arms with cediranib, cediranib + olaparib, olaparib, durvalumab and durvalumab + olaparib. Participants undergo a multiparametric MRI before and after treatment. Vascularised and de-vascularised tissue is collected at surgery. A ��� 30% increase in CD8+ T-cells on immunohistochemistry between the screening and nephrectomy is the primary endpoint for durvalumab-containing arms. Meanwhile, a reduction in tumour vascular permeability measured by Ktrans on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI by ���30% is the primary endpoint for other arms. Secondary outcomes include adverse events and tumour size change. Exploratory outcomes include biomarkers of drug mechanism and treatment effects in blood, urine, tissue and imaging. Discussion: WIRE is the first trial using a window-of-opportunity design to demonstrate pharmacological activity of novel single and combination treatments in RCC in the pre-surgical space. It will provide rationale for prioritising promising treatments for later phase trials and support the development of new biomarkers of treatment effect with its extensive translational agenda. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03741426 / EudraCT: 2018���003056-21.
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- 2021
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30. INRstar: computerised decision support software for anticoagulation management in primary care
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Robert Jones, Mark Sullivan, and David Barrett
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anticoagulation management ,atrial fibrillation ,computerised decision support software ,INRstar ,warfarin ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Computerised decision support software (CDSS) for anticoagulation management has become established practice in the UK, offering significant advantages for patients and clinicians over traditional methods of dose calculation. The New GMS Contract has been partly responsible for this shift of management from secondary to primary care, in which INRstar has been the market leader for many years. In September 2004, INRstar received the John Perry Prize, awarded by the PHCSG for excellence and innovation in medical applications of information technology.
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- 2005
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31. ASHP Statement on the Roles and Responsibilities of the Pharmacy Executive
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Kristine K. Gullickson, Lindsey B. Amerine, Samuel V. Calabrese, Jeff Little, Lindsey R. Kelley, Robert P. Granko, Philip Brummond, and Mark Sullivan
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Pharmacology ,Strategic planning ,Statement (logic) ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Pharmacy ,Business ,Management - Published
- 2021
32. Primary Care Opioid Taper Plans Are Associated with Sustained Opioid Dose Reduction
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David Cronkite, Denise M. Boudreau, Mark Sullivan, Gladys Salgado, Laura Ichikawa, Michael VonKorff, David Carrell, and Ladia Albertson-Junkans
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,010102 general mathematics ,Case-control study ,Psychological intervention ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Opioid ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Morphine ,Dose reduction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dosing ,0101 mathematics ,Medical prescription ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Primary care providers prescribe most long-term opioid therapy and are increasingly asked to taper the opioid doses of these patients to safer levels. A recent systematic review suggests that multiple interventions may facilitate opioid taper, but many of these are not feasible within the usual primary care practice. To determine if opioid taper plans documented by primary care providers in the electronic health record are associated with significant and sustained opioid dose reductions among patients on long-term opioid therapy. A nested case-control design was used to compare cases (patients with a sustained opioid taper defined as average daily opioid dose of ≤ 30 mg morphine equivalent (MME) or a 50% reduction in MME) to controls (patients matched to cases on year and quarter of cohort entry, sex, and age group, who had not achieved a sustained taper). Each case was matched with four controls. Two thousand four hundred nine patients receiving a ≥ 60-day supply of opioids with an average daily dose of ≥ 50 MME during 2011–2015. Opioid taper plans documented in prescription instructions or clinical notes within the electronic health record identified through natural language processing; opioid dosing, patient characteristics, and taper plan components also abstracted from the electronic health record. Primary care taper plans were associated with an increased likelihood of sustained opioid taper after adjusting for all patient covariates and near peak dose (OR = 3.63 [95% CI 2.96–4.46], p < 0.0001). Both taper plans in prescription instructions (OR = 4.03 [95% CI 3.19–5.09], p < 0.0001) and in clinical notes (OR = 2.82 [95% CI 2.00–3.99], p < 0.0001) were associated with sustained taper. These results suggest that planning for opioid taper during primary care visits may facilitate significant and sustained opioid dose reduction.
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- 2020
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33. Theoretical grounds of Pain Tracker Self Manager: An Acceptance and Commitment Therapy digital intervention for patients with chronic pain
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Pamela Stitzlein Davies, Roger Vilardaga, Mark Sullivan, and Kevin E. Vowles
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050103 clinical psychology ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Health (social science) ,Psychotherapist ,Health coaching ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Behavioural sciences ,Acceptance and commitment therapy ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,education ,Applied Psychology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,education.field_of_study ,05 social sciences ,Chronic pain ,medicine.disease ,Digital health ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychology - Abstract
Objective To report the theoretical basis and design of a novel digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention for people with chronic pain, the Pain Tracker Self Manager (PTSM), which had promising efficacy in a recent pilot trial. Methods Content development by a multidisciplinary panel of experts in psychiatry, clinical psychology, nursing and social work, with feedback from a group of patients with chronic pain and their providers. Materials included paper-based sketching of a story character, visual metaphors, and a series of stories designed to deliver the theory-based components of our behavioral intervention. Results This development and design process resulted in 4 digitally delivered clinical modules that combine visual and verbal cues. In addition, it generated a series of novel ACT metaphors specifically tailored to patients with chronic pain: Pain: Injury vs. Threat, Life Navigation System, The Fog of Pain, and Get Rhythm. Consistent with ACT theory and the contextual behavioral science framework, PTSM utilized: perspective-taking, values clarification, acceptance strategies, and nursing and psychological care recommendations. Discussion Reports of the design and theoretical basis of digital health interventions are highly needed to increase the rigor of their development process and more progressively advance our body of knowledge. This pilot study developed and tested a series of ACT metaphors that can be readily used by ACT clinicians working with this population. Conclusion PTSM is a novel digital ACT intervention for patients with chronic pain with features directly linked to ACT processes and theory.
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- 2020
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34. Guideline adherence for the surgical treatment of T1 renal tumours correlates with hospital volume: an analysis from the British Association of Urological Surgeons Nephrectomy Audit
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Prasad Patki, Faiz Mumtaz, Katja K.H. Aben, Grant D. Stewart, Ben Challacombe, Ravi Barod, Mark Sullivan, Maxine G. B. Tran, Erik van Werkhoven, Sarah Fowler, Ahmed Mahrous, Joana B. Neves, and Axel Bex
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hospitals, Low-Volume ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Audit ,Nephrectomy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal cell carcinoma ,medicine ,Humans ,Correlation of Data ,Societies, Medical ,Neoplasm Staging ,Retrospective Studies ,Medical Audit ,business.industry ,Guideline adherence ,General surgery ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Neoplasms ,United Kingdom ,Confidence interval ,Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15] ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Guideline Adherence ,business ,Complication ,Kidney cancer ,Hospitals, High-Volume - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 218275.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Contains fulltext : 218275pre.pdf (Author’s version preprint ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: To assess European Association of Urology guideline adherence on the surgical management of patients with T1 renal tumours and the effects of centralisation of care. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective data from all kidney tumours that underwent radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) in the period 2012-2016 from the British Association of Urological Surgeons Nephrectomy Audit were retrieved and analysed. We assessed total surgical hospital volume (HV; RN and PN performed) per centre, PN rates, complication rates, and completeness of data. Descriptive analyses were performed, and confidence intervals were used to illustrate the association between hospital volume and proportion of PN. Chi- squared and Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to evaluate differences and trends. RESULTS: In total, 13 045 surgically treated T1 tumours were included in the analyses. Over time, there was an increase in PN use (39.7% in 2012 to 44.9% in 2016). Registration of the Preoperative Aspects and Dimensions Used for an Anatomical (PADUA) complexity score was included in March 2016 and documented in 39% of cases. Missing information on postoperative complications appeared constant over the years (8.5-9%). A clear association was found between annual HV and the proportion of T1 tumours treated with PN rather than RN (from 18.1% in centres performing /=100 cases/year [high volume]), which persisted after adjustment for PADUA complexity. Overall and major (Clavien-Dindo grade >/=III) complication rate decreased with increasing HV (from 12.2% and 2.9% in low-volume centres to 10.7% and 2.2% in high-volume centres, respectively), for all patients including those treated with PN. CONCLUSION: Closer guideline adherence was exhibited by higher surgical volume centres. Treatment of T1 tumours using PN increased with increasing HV, and was accompanied by an inverse association of HV with complication rate. These results support the centralisation of kidney cancer specialist cancer surgical services to improve patient outcomes.
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- 2019
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35. First cosmological results using Type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: measurement of the Hubble constant
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F. J. Castander, Geraint F. Lewis, W. G. Hartley, Alex Drlica-Wagner, T. M. C. Abbott, C. B. D'Andrea, Tesla E. Jeltema, Dragan Huterer, E. J. Sanchez, D. A. Finley, M. Carrasco Kind, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, Carlos E. Cunha, Robert C. Nichol, N. E. Sommer, Vinu Vikram, J. Carretero, Santiago González-Gaitán, R. H. Schindler, K. Bechtol, Tamara M. Davis, E. Swann, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, Samuel Hinton, Ben Hoyle, J. Annis, Edward Macaulay, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Peter Nugent, Martin Crocce, G. Gutierrez, Daniel Thomas, Mark Sullivan, Joshua A. Frieman, P. Wiseman, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Antonella Palmese, Ryan J. Foley, N. Kuropatkin, Daniel Scolnic, A. G. Kim, V. Scarpine, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, E. Kasai, R. C. Thomas, M. A. G. Maia, Mathew Smith, C. Lidman, Peter de Nully Brown, Alistair R. Walker, Lluís Galbany, D. Brout, Jacobo Asorey, S. Serrano, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Jennifer L. Marshall, Enrique Gaztanaga, L. N. da Costa, Rob Sharp, M. Sako, Brad E. Tucker, J. Calcino, David J. James, Daniela Carollo, Bruce A. Bassett, D. L. Hollowood, Anais Möller, A. A. Plazas, Pablo Fosalba, Bonnie Zhang, Richard Kessler, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. De Vicente, K. Honscheid, S. A. Uddin, Karl Glazebrook, Marcos Lima, Flavia Sobreira, M. S. Schubnell, Ofer Lahav, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. Lasker, Juan Garcia-Bellido, A. Roodman, Juan Estrada, B. Flaugher, H. T. Diehl, C. Davis, Kyler Kuehn, Daniel Gruen, David Bacon, Alexei V. Filippenko, J. Gschwend, Gregory Tarle, P. Martini, Tim Eifler, Elisabeth Krause, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, Thomas E. Collett, Huan Lin, J. K. Hoormann, A. K. Romer, and Yen-Chen Pan
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Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Cepheid variable ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cosmic microwave background ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,QC ,STFC ,media_common ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Cosmic distance ladder ,RCUK ,SATÉLITES ARTIFICIAIS ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Universe ,Redshift ,Space and Planetary Science ,astro-ph.CO ,Dark energy ,symbols ,ST/N000668/1 ,Baryon acoustic oscillations ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Hubble's law - Abstract
We present an improved measurement of the Hubble constant (H_0) using the 'inverse distance ladder' method, which adds the information from 207 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) at redshift 0.018 < z < 0.85 to existing distance measurements of 122 low redshift (z < 0.07) SNe Ia (Low-z) and measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs). Whereas traditional measurements of H_0 with SNe Ia use a distance ladder of parallax and Cepheid variable stars, the inverse distance ladder relies on absolute distance measurements from the BAOs to calibrate the intrinsic magnitude of the SNe Ia. We find H_0 = 67.8 +/- 1.3 km s-1 Mpc-1 (statistical and systematic uncertainties, 68% confidence). Our measurement makes minimal assumptions about the underlying cosmological model, and our analysis was blinded to reduce confirmation bias. We examine possible systematic uncertainties and all are below the statistical uncertainties. Our H_0 value is consistent with estimates derived from the Cosmic Microwave Background assuming a LCDM universe (Planck Collaboration et al. 2018)., 15 pages, 5 figures, updated to match accepted version
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- 2019
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36. Probing the Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae using Circumstellar Material Interaction Signatures
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Lluís Galbany, Kate Maguire, Mattia Bulla, P. Clark, Stephen J. Smartt, Mark Sullivan, Joseph P. Anderson, European Commission, Swedish Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US)
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circumstellar matter, distance scale, supernovae: general ,Length scale ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Type (model theory) ,distance scale ,circumstellar matter ,01 natural sciences ,NO ,ST/N002520/1 ,Circumstellar ,supernovae: general ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,STFC ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,Distance scale ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Near-infrared spectroscopy ,RCUK ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Redshift ,Galaxy ,Supernova ,Space and Planetary Science ,ST/P000312/1 ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,general [supernovae] - Abstract
This work aims to study different probes of Type Ia supernova progenitors that have been suggested to be linked to the presence of circumstellar material (CSM). In particular, we have investigated, for the first time, the link between narrow blueshifted NaID absorption profiles and the presence and strength of the broad high-velocity CaII near infrared triplet absorption features seen in Type Ia supernovae around maximum light. With the probes exploring different distances from the supernova; NaID > 10$^{17}$cm, high-velocity CaII features < 10$^{15}$cm. For this, we have used a new intermediate-resolution X-shooter spectral sample of 15 Type Ia supernovae. We do not identify a link between these two probes, implying either that, one (or both) is not physically related to the presence of CSM or that the occurrence of CSM at the distance explored by one probe is not linked to its presence at the distance probed by the other. However, the previously identified statistical excess in the presence of blueshifted (over redshifted) NaID absorption is confirmed in this sample at high significance and is found to be stronger in Type Ia supernovae hosted by late-type galaxies. This excess is difficult to explain as being from an interstellar-medium origin as has been suggested by some recent modelling, as such an origin is not expected to show a bias for blueshifted absorption. However, a circumstellar origin for these features also appears unsatisfactory based on our new results given the lack of link between the two probes of CSM investigated., PC and KM acknowledge support from the EU H2020 ERC grant no. 758638. MB acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (Reg. no. 2020-03330). LG acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ramón y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00. SJS acknowledges funding from STFC Grants ST/P000312/1 and ST/N002520/1. This paper is based on data taken at the European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern hemisphere, Chile, under program IDs: 098.D-0384(A) and 099.D-0641(A). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. ATLAS is primarily funded to search for near earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; byproducts of the NEO search include images and catalogues from the survey area. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO), and the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS), Chile.
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- 2021
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37. Hybrid Aptamer-Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (AptaMIP) Nanoparticles Selective for the Antibiotic Moxifloxacin
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Paula M. Mendes, Tolley Arron Craig, Mark Sullivan, Nicholas W. Turner, Francia Allabush, James H. R. Tucker, and David Bunka
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Polymers and Plastics ,Chemistry ,Aptamer ,Organic Chemistry ,Molecularly imprinted polymer ,Nanoparticle ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Molecular Imprinting ,Molecular recognition ,Surface plasmon resonance ,0210 nano-technology ,Hybrid material ,Selectivity - Abstract
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link. Modified thymine bases, each containing a polymerizable group (either carboxymethylvinyl or acrylamide) at the 5-position, have been incorporated multiple times into an aptamer sequence allowing the sequence to act as the key recognition element in an aptamer-molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) hybrid nanoparticle (aptaMIP NP) system for the molecular recognition of the antibiotic moxifloxacin. These materials combine the recognition properties of an aptamer, with the robustness and stability of a MIP, offering a “best-of-both-worlds” approach. Both aptaMIP nanoparticles offer 10-fold superior binding affinity and selectivity over conventional MIP nanoparticles (nanoMIPs), with KD values of 3.65 × ±0.9 nM, 5.72 ± 0.6 nM and 48.60 ± 7.0 nM for the carboxy aptaMIP, acrylamide aptaMIP and nanoMIP, respectively; and 100-fold superior affinity compared to the unfunctionalized aptamer only (0.325 ± 0.16 μM), all with excellent selectivity for the template antibiotic. When applied to a sensor platform (Surface Plasmon Resonance), the limit of detection based on the aptaMIP nanoparticles was approximately three-fold lower (0.51 nM and 0.56 nM for the carboxy aptaMIP and acrylamide aptaMIP, respectively) compared to the nanoMIP (1.4 nM). The introduction of the aptamer as a “macro-monomer” into the imprinted polymer scaffold is a promising strategy for significantly improving the properties of both components of the hybrid material (aptamer and MIP). These hybrid polymers, bearing nucleic acid recognition materials offer a powerful tool for robust high affinity selective molecular recognition.
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- 2021
38. STRategies to Improve Pain and Enjoy life (STRIPE): Protocol for a pragmatic randomized trial of pain coping skills training and opioid medication taper guidance for patients on long-term opioid therapy
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Kathryn A. Moser, Monica M. Fujii, Judith A. Turner, Denise M. Boudreau, Andrea J. Cook, Robin C. Garcia, Robert D. Wellman, Paige D. Wartko, and Mark Sullivan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pain ,Craving ,Article ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Intervention (counseling) ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Protocol (science) ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,Discontinuation ,Cognitive behavioral therapy ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Opioid ,Physical therapy ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
High-dose, long-term opioid therapy (LtOT) is associated with risk for serious harms. Rapid opioid discontinuation may lead to increased pain, psychological distress, and illicit opioid use, but gradual, supported opioid taper may reduce these risks. We previously demonstrated that an opioid taper support and pain coping skills training intervention reduced opioid dose more than usual care (43% vs 19% dose reduction from baseline), with no increase in pain intensity and a significant reduction in activity interference. We aim to adapt and test this intervention in the Kaiser Permanente Washington healthcare system with STRategies to Improve Pain and Enjoy life (STRIPE), a pragmatic, randomized trial. Our goal was to randomize 215 participants on moderate-high dose (≥40 morphine milligram equivalent/day) LtOT to either cognitive-behavioral therapy-based pain coping skills training involving 18 telephone sessions over 52 weeks with optional opioid taper support or usual care. Data are collected from electronic health records, claims, and self-report. The primary outcomes are mean daily opioid dose and the pain intensity, interference with enjoyment of life, and interference with general activity (PEG) score at 12 months (primary time point) and 6 months (secondary time point). Secondary outcomes include having ≥30% opioid dose reduction from baseline, and patient-reported problem opioid use, opioid-related difficulties, pain self-efficacy, opioid craving, global impression of change, and anxiety and depressive symptoms at 6 and 12 months. If effective, this treatment could reduce opioid exposure and associated risks to patients, families, and communities while offering patients an alternative for managing pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was first registered at Clinicaltrials.gov on November 16, 2018 (identifier: NCT03743402).
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- 2021
39. Evaluation of acrylamide-based molecularly imprinted polymer thin-sheets for specific protein capture - a myoglobin model
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Joseph Hayes, Mark Sullivan, Sarah R. Dennison, and Subrayal M. Reddy
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Paper ,Thin-Sheet ,0206 medical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,molecularly imprinted polymer ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Molecular Imprinting ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ,Hydroxymethyl ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,General Nursing ,H160 ,Acrylamide ,Myoglobin ,Molecularly imprinted polymer ,thin-sheet MIP ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Hydrogel ,FTIR spectroscopy ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Protein Recognition ,hydrogel ,Selectivity ,protein ,Biosensor ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
We evaluate a series of thin-sheet hydrogel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), using a family of acrylamide-based monomers, selective for the target protein myoglobin (Mb). The simple production of the thin-sheet MIP offers an alternative biorecognition surface that is robust, stable and uniform, and has the potential to be adapted for biosensor applications. The MIP containing the functional monomer N-hydroxymethylacrylamide (NHMAm), produced optimal specific rebinding of the target protein (Mb) with 84.9% (± 0.7) rebinding and imprinting and selectivity factors of 1.41 and 1.55, respectively. The least optimal performing MIP contained the functional monomer N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) with 67.5% (± 0.7) rebinding and imprinting and selectivity factors of 1.11 and 1.32, respectively. Hydrogen bonding effects, within a protein-MIP complex, were investigated using computational methods and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The quantum mechanical calculations predictions of a red shift of the monomer carbonyl peak is borne-out within FTIR spectra, with three of the MIPs, acrylamide, N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide, and N-(hydroxyethyl) acrylamide, showing peak downshifts of 4, 11, and 8 cm−1, respectively.
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- 2021
40. The first Hubble diagram and cosmological constraints using superluminous supernovae
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D. L. Burke, Yanxi Zhang, C. B. D'Andrea, E. Swann, K. Honscheid, Geraint F. Lewis, J. Gschwend, B. Flaugher, M. Pursiainen, A. G. Kim, Tamara M. Davis, C. R. Angus, T. Giannantonio, D. Gruen, M. Vicenzi, Flavia Sobreira, David J. James, A. K. Romer, B. E. Tucker, S. R. Hinton, Lluís Galbany, M. Schubnell, Ramon Miquel, N. Kuropatkin, E. Suchyta, V. Scarpine, Robert C. Nichol, Daniel Thomas, Anais Möller, M. Soares-Santos, G. Tarle, P. Wiseman, J. Annis, M. Smith, T. S. Li, P. Martini, J. Garcia-Bellido, Josh Frieman, Karl Glazebrook, Daniel Scolnic, D. W. Gerdes, Elisabeth Krause, A. Roodman, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Lima, D. Brout, D. A. Finley, M. Carrasco Kind, K. Kuehn, P. J. Brown, D. L. Tucker, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, J. L. Marshall, C. Lidman, A. R. Walker, T. F. Eifler, Felipe Menanteau, Vinu Vikram, Mark Sullivan, G. Gutierrez, B. P. Thomas, E. Bertin, E. Macaulay, M. E.C. Swanson, J. Carretero, M. Sako, E. J. Sanchez, H. T. Diehl, S. Serrano, R. Cawthon, Rob Sharp, Cosimo Inserra, R. A. Gruendl, Richard Kessler, D. L. Hollowood, J. Calcino, Jacobo Asorey, S. Avila, D. Carollo, E. Gaztanaga, A. A. Plazas Malagón, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, D. Brooks, P. Fosalba, J. K. Hoormann, Yen-Chen Pan, A. Carnero Rosell, F. J. Castander, C. Frohmaier, M. A. G. Maia, S. Desai, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Australian Research Council, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
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transients: supernovae ,Cold dark matter ,Ia Supernovae ,TRANSIENT ,Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Cosmology ,cosmological parameters [Cosmology] ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,GAMMA-RAY BURSTS ,Physics ,astro-ph.HE ,Transient ,4. Education ,supernovae [Transients] ,dark matter [Cosmology] ,Planck temperature ,Spectra ,cosmology: dark matter ,Supernova ,symbols ,astro-ph.CO ,IC SUPERNOVAE ,cosmology: cosmological parameters ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,PAN-STARRS1 ,Host-Galaxy ,Astronomical and Space Sciences ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Gamma-Ray Bursts ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,INFRARED-EMISSION ,Pan-Starrs1 ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Infrared-Emission ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,Moduli ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,SPECTRA ,IA SUPERNOVAE ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Baryon Acoustic-Oscillations ,Light-Curve Sample ,Física ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,LIGHT-CURVE SAMPLE ,Light curve ,Redshift ,HOST-GALAXY ,Space and Planetary Science ,Dark energy ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS - Abstract
This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. It has Fermilab preprint number 19-115-AE and DES publication number 13387. We acknowledge support from EU/FP7- ERC grant 615929. RCN would like to acknowledge support from STFC grant ST/N000688/1 and the Faculty of Technology at the University of Portsmouth. LG was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement no. 839090. This work has been partially supported by the Spanish grant PGC2018-095317-B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac¸ ˜ao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo `a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ogico and the Minist´erio da Ciˆencia, Tecnologia e Inovac¸ ˜ao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energ´eticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol ´ogicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgen¨ossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z¨urich, Fermi NationalAccelerator Laboratory, theUniversity of Illinois atUrbana- Champaign, the Institut de Ci`encies de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de F´ısica d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit¨at M¨unchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015- 71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV- 2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478.We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-skyAstrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This paper has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.DE-AC02-07CH11359 with theU.S.Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the paper for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this paper, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes., We present the first Hubble diagram of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) out to a redshift of two, together with constraints on the matter density, M, and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w(≡p/ρ). We build a sample of 20 cosmologically useful SLSNe I based on light curve and spectroscopy quality cuts. We confirm the robustness of the peak–decline SLSN I standardization relation with a larger data set and improved fitting techniques than previous works. We then solve the SLSN model based on the above standardization via minimization of the χ2 computed from a covariance matrix that includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. For a spatially flat cold dark matter ( CDM) cosmological model, we find M = 0.38+0.24 −0.19, with an rms of 0.27 mag for the residuals of the distance moduli. For a w0waCDM cosmological model, the addition of SLSNe I to a ‘baseline’ measurement consisting of Planck temperature together with Type Ia supernovae, results in a small improvement in the constraints of w0 and wa of 4 per cent.We present simulations of future surveys with 868 and 492 SLSNe I (depending on the configuration used) and show that such a sample can deliver cosmological constraints in a flat CDM model with the same precision (considering only statistical uncertainties) as current surveys that use Type Ia supernovae, while providing a factor of 2–3 improvement in the precision of the constraints on the time variation of dark energy, w0 and wa. This paper represents the proof of concept for superluminous supernova cosmology, and demonstrates they can provide an independent test of cosmology in the high-redshift (z > 1) universe., EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929, STFC grant ST/N000688/1, Faculty of Technology at the University of Portsmouth, European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme under the Marie Skłodowska- Curie grant agreement no. 839090, Spanish grant PGC2018-095317-B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER), U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Science Foundation, Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, Higher Education Funding Council for England, National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacão Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo `a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacão, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey., National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171., T MINECO under grants AYA2015- 71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV- 2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union., CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya., European Research Council under the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478., Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-skyAstrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2), Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.DE-AC02-07CH11359 with theU.S.Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics
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- 2021
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41. Hybrid Aptamer-Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (aptaMIP) Nanoparticles from Protein Recognition—A Trypsin Model
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Jonathan K. Watts, Oliver Clay, Nicholas W. Turner, Michael P. Moazami, and Mark Sullivan
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Models, Molecular ,Polymers and Plastics ,Aptamer ,Nanoparticle ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Biosensing Techniques ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biomaterials ,Molecular recognition ,Solid-phase synthesis ,Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ,Materials Chemistry ,Trypsin ,Surface plasmon resonance ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chemistry ,Molecularly imprinted polymer ,aptamer ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,Polymer ,Aptamers, Nucleotide ,Surface Plasmon Resonance ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Nanoparticles ,molecularly imprinted polymers ,Muramidase ,nanoparticles ,Target protein ,0210 nano-technology ,protein ,Biotechnology - Abstract
open access article Aptamers offer excellent potential for replacing antibodies for molecular recognition purposes however their performance can compromise with biological/environmental degradation being a particular problem. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer an alternative to biological materials and while these offer the robustness and ability to work in extreme environmental conditions, they often lack the same recognition performance. By slightly adapting the chemical structure of a DNA aptamer we have incorporated it for use as the recognition part of a MIP, thus creating an aptamer-MIP hybrid or aptaMIP. Here we have developed these for the detection of the target protein trypsin. The aptaMIP nanoparticles offer superior binding affinity over conventional MIP nanoparticles (nanoMIPs), with KD values of 6.8 × 10-9 (± 0.2 × 10-9) M and 12.3 × 10-9 (± 0.4 × 10-9) M for the aptaMIP and nanoMIP, respectively. The aptaMIP also outperforms the aptamer only (10.3 x 10-9 M). Good selectivity against other protein targets is observed. Using Surface Plasmon Resonance, the limit of detection for aptaMIP nanoparticles was two-fold lower (2nM) compared to the nanoMIP (4 nM). Introduction of the aptamer as a “macro-monomer” into the MIP scaffold has beneficial effects and offers potential to improve this class of polymers significantly.
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- 2021
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42. A strategic approach to improving pharmacy enterprise automation: Development and initial application of the Autonomous Pharmacy Framework
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Jeff Wagner, Hanna Maehlen, Ranee Runnebaum, Valeriia Pierzinski, Christopher R. Fortier, Allen J. Flynn, Mark Sullivan, and James G. Stevenson
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Pharmacology ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,MEDLINE ,Pharmacy ,Automation ,Engineering management ,Strategic approach ,Pharmaceutical Services ,Humans ,business - Published
- 2021
43. Abstract CT511: A phase 1 trial of AMP945, a potent and selective focal adhesion kinase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers
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John Lambert, Christopher J. Burns, Mark Devlin, Nicole Kruger, Jason Lickliter, Mark Sullivan, and Warwick Tong
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Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Background: Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) plays a key role in tumor cell growth, particularly immunosuppression, cancer cell invasion and metastasis and also contributes to multiple mechanisms underlying fibrosis. AMP945 is a selective oral inhibitor of FAK. Following a favorable pre-clinical evaluation, we report the results of a Phase 1, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) trial of AMP945. Methods: For the SAD portion, four cohorts of eight healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 56 years received either single doses of AMP945 (n=6/cohort) of 15, 30, 60, or 125 mg per oral or matching placebo (n=2/cohort) per oral. For the MAD portion, three cohorts of eight healthy volunteers received either AMP945 (n=6/cohort) at 25, 50, or 100 mg once daily (QD) per oral or matching placebo (n=2/cohort) per oral QD on each of 7 consecutive days. Blood plasma samples were collected for pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses pre-dose at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h post-dose in SAD cohorts, and at the same time points up to 24 h post-dose on Days 1 and 7 in the MAD cohorts. Target engagement through FAK activity (phosphorylation; p-FAK) was assessed in skin biopsies taken before and after dosing in the 125 mg AMP945 (SAD) and 25, 50, 100 mg AMP945 (MAD) cohorts. Safety and tolerability were assessed according to incidence, nature and severity of adverse events (AEs). Results: AMP945 was well tolerated at all doses studied. There was no increase in the incidence or severity of AEs with increasing doses and no treatment-related changes in laboratory parameters. AEs were mainly mild and deemed not related or unlikely related to AMP945 by the Investigator with headache, backpain and pyrexia being the most commonly observed events. After single doses of AMP945 the mean time to maximum plasma concentration ranged from 1 to 6 h post-dose. Maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve increased proportionally with dose. Mean Cmax values ranged from 55.4 to 407 ng/mL and AUC0-inf ranged from 1,086 to 10,567 h.ng/mL respectively. The mean half-life of AMP945 ranged from 15.7 to 23 h supporting the feasibility of QD dosing. The mean apparent volume of distribution ranged from 328 to 463 L, indicating wide tissue distribution. In skin biopsies, p-FAK levels following doses of AMP945 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner: there was a significant (linear) relationship observed between the decrease in p-FAK from baseline and AMP945 AUC0-inf following dosing with 25, 50, 100 and 125 mg of AMP945. Conclusions: AMP945, a selective FAK inhibitor, was well tolerated across SAD (15 to 125 mg) and MAD (25 to 100 mg) cohorts in healthy volunteers. AMP945 PK and pharmacodynamic data demonstrate wide tissue distribution and target engagement. These data support continued development of AMP945 in patients with solid tumors and fibrotic diseases in which FAK inhibition could be beneficial. Citation Format: John Lambert, Christopher J. Burns, Mark Devlin, Nicole Kruger, Jason Lickliter, Mark Sullivan, Warwick Tong. A phase 1 trial of AMP945, a potent and selective focal adhesion kinase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT511.
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- 2022
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44. Opioid dosing among patients with 3 or more years of continuous prescription opioid use before and after the CDC opioid prescribing guideline
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Hong Xian, Patrick J. Lustman, Joanne Salas, Richard A. Grucza, Xue Li, Jane C. Ballantyne, Jeffrey F. Scherrer, and Mark Sullivan
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,030508 substance abuse ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Opioid prescribing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Dosing ,Medical prescription ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Retrospective Studies ,Benzodiazepine ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Retrospective cohort study ,Guideline ,Middle Aged ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,United States ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Prescriptions ,Opioid ,Female ,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S ,0305 other medical science ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Opioid doses declined after the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) opioid prescribing guideline was published. However, it is unknown if dose declines occurred in patients with ≥ 3 years of continuous opioid use.Optum® de-identified integrated Electronic Health Record and claims data were used to create an adult sample (n = 400) with continuous opioid use for 18 months before and after the guideline publication. Based on the morphine milligram equivalent (MME) distribution at Month 1, patients were categorized into 1-50, 51-100, 101-200, and200 mg baseline MME. Interrupted time series analysis using segmented mixed linear regression models stratified on baseline MME estimated average monthly changes in MME in the 18-months pre- and post-guideline, before and after adjusting for time-varying pain conditions, psychiatric disorders and benzodiazepine prescription.Patients were 59.6 (SD±11.8) years of age, 55.8% female and 84.0% white race. For 1-50 MME, monthly dose slope was significantly (p0.0001) flatter post-guideline (pre b = 0.34 MME/month vs. post b = 0.12 MME/month). For 51-100 MME, the pre- and post-guideline dose slopes did not significantly differ (pre b = 0.60 MME/month vs. post b = 0.27 MME/month). For 101-200 MME, post-guideline dose slope was significantly (p0.0001) steeper and decreasing post-guideline (pre b = 0.11 MME/month vs. post b= -1.33 MME/month). Among200 MME, dose decreased in the pre- and post-guideline periods, and post-guideline decline was significantly (p0.0001) steeper (b= -1. 86 MME/month vs. b= -4.13 MME/month).Among patients on multiyear opioid therapy, the CDC guideline was associated with a modest change in dosing, except for patients on very high doses. The guideline was not associated with decreasing MME among lower-dose, long-term users.
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- 2021
45. Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey
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Geraint F. Lewis, A. R. Walker, A. A. Plazas Malagón, J. Annis, Brodie Popovic, M. E. C. Swanson, Enrique Gaztanaga, Josh Frieman, G. Tarle, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Samuel Hinton, C. Lidman, B. E. Tucker, G. Gutierrez, Jennifer L. Marshall, B. Flaugher, R. L. C. Ogando, V. Scarpine, Daniel Scolnic, M. Carrasco Kind, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Robert C. Nichol, D. J. Brout, Daniel Thomas, J. Gschwend, Kyler Kuehn, Daniela Carollo, K. Honscheid, J. Carretero, David J. James, Tamara M. Davis, Ramon Miquel, Maria E. S. Pereira, M. Costanzi, Pablo Fosalba, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Peter Doel, E. Buckley-Geer, I. Ferrero, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Karl Glazebrook, H. T. Diehl, Felipe Menanteau, David Bacon, Benjamin Rose, M. Soares-Santos, Chris Frohmaier, M. Vincenzi, N. Kuropatkin, Robert Morgan, Mark Sullivan, A. K. Romer, Elisabeth Krause, T. N. Varga, Tommaso Giannantonio, L. N. da Costa, M. Toy, Paul Martini, A. Carnero Rosell, O. Graur, D. L. Burke, P. Wiseman, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Michael Schubnell, S. Everett, David J. Brooks, D. L. Hollowood, Adriano Pieres, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, Michel Aguena, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, E. Suchyta, Zoe Zontou, F. Paz-Chinchón, Lluís Galbany, L. Kelsey, P. Armstrong, Don Petravick, S. Desai, Jacobo Asorey, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, Ben Hoyle, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wiseman, P., Sullivan, M., Smith, M., Frohmaier, C., Vincenzi, M., Graur, O., Popovic, B., Armstrong, P., Brout, D., Davis, T. M., Galbany, L., Hinton, S. R., Kelsey, L., Kessler, R., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Nichol, R. C., Rose, B., Scolnic, D., Toy, M., Zontou, Z., Asorey, J., Carollo, D., Glazebrook, K., Lewis, G. F., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Giannantonio, T., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Petravick, D., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagón, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., and Des, Collaboration
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Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Stellar mass ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Context (language use) ,Astrophysics ,Type (model theory) ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Luminosity ,supernovae: general ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxie ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysic ,white dwarf ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,STFC ,evolution [galaxies] ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,white dwarfs ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,RCUK ,White dwarf ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,galaxies: evolution ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Redshift ,Galaxy ,ST/R000506/1 ,Supernova ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,8. Economic growth ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,general [supernovae] - Abstract
Wiseman, P., et al. DES Collaboration, We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10−13 SNe M⊙−1 yr−1, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency NIa/M∗=0.9 +4.0−0.7×10−3 SNe M−1⊙. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).
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46. Generation of High-Affinity Aptamer-MIP Hybrid Nanoparticles
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Nicholas W. Turner, Rachel A. Hand, and Mark Sullivan
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Molecular Imprinting ,Flexibility (engineering) ,Materials science ,Aptamer ,Drug delivery ,Molecularly imprinted polymer ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,Biomimetics - Abstract
Aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are two leading technologies used for the development of protein biomimetics. By combining the two technologies, a new hybrid class of materials can be created, which utilizes the interesting characteristics of both recognition materials, while negating several of their drawbacks. This chapter describes the protocol for the synthesis of aptamer-MIP hybrid nanoparticles. These materials exhibit exceptional affinity (into the nM range) and selectivity for their target template. They can be developed for a wide range of targets, while exhibiting excellent robustness, solubility, and flexibility in use. These are a new class of recognition materials with the potential for use as drug delivery vectors, as well as use within sensing and recognition assays.
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- 2021
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47. Understanding the extreme luminosity of DES14X2fna
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I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, A. A. Plazas, T. N. Varga, Geraint F. Lewis, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, M. Vincenzi, Santiago González-Gaitán, M. Carrasco Kind, C. Frohmaier, M. Costanzi, Lluís Galbany, A. R. Walker, C. Lidman, B. E. Tucker, E. Swann, Kyler Kuehn, Sunayana Bhargava, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, J. De Vicente, Jennifer L. Marshall, Niall MacCrann, I. Ferrero, Enrique Gaztanaga, G. Tarle, A. K. Romer, Pablo Fosalba, Daniel Thomas, V. Scarpine, Robert Morgan, A. Carnero Rosell, Paul Martini, Josh Frieman, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Karl Glazebrook, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Ramon Miquel, J. Gschwend, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Daniela Carollo, Mark Sullivan, S. A. Uddin, R. D. Wilkinson, J. Carretero, P. Wiseman, S. Everett, Marcos Lima, E. Suchyta, David J. Brooks, S. Serrano, Michel Aguena, Ben Hoyle, Antonella Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Grayling, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, T. M. C. Abbott, Robert A. Gruendl, L. Kelsey, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago Avila, S. Desai, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Grayling, M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Sullivan, M., Wiseman, P., Vincenzi, M., González-Gaitán, S., Tucker, B. E., Galbany, L., Kelsey, L., Lidman, C., Swann, E., Smith, M., Frohmaier, C., Carollo, D., Glazebrook, K., Lewis, G. F., Möller, A., Hinton, S. R., Uddin, S. A., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hoyle, B., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maccrann, N., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sánchez, C., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., and Wilkinson, R. D. (DES Collaboration)
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general [Supernovae] ,individual: DES14X2fna [Supernovae] ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Magnetar ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Luminosity ,Photometry (optics) ,supernovae: individual: DES14X2fna ,supernovae: general ,0103 physical sciences ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Light curve ,Redshift ,Neutron star ,Supernova ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Dark energy ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] - Abstract
This work was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council [grant number ST/P006760/1] through the DISCnet Centre for Doctoral Training. MS acknowledges support from EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929. LG was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 839090. This work has been partially supported by the Spanish grant PGC2018-095317-B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US '0:funding-source 3:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001"' National Science Foundation'/0:funding-source', the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. This paper is based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This paper has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. This paper is based in part on data acquired at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, under program A/2013B/012. We acknowledge the traditional owners of the land on which the AAT stands, the Gamilaraay people, and pay our respects to elders past and present. This paper has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting this paper for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this paper, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration., We present DES14X2fna, a high-luminosity, fast-declining Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) at redshift z = 0.0453, detected by the Dark Energy Survey (DES). DES14X2fna is an unusual member of its class, with a light curve showing a broad, luminous peak reaching Mr −19.3mag 20 d after explosion. This object does not show a linear decline tail in the light curve until 60 d after explosion, after which it declines very rapidly (4.30 ± 0.10 mag 100 d−1 in the r band). By fitting semi-analytic models to the photometry of DES14X2fna, we find that its light curve cannot be explained by a standard 56Ni decay model as this is unable to fit the peak and fast tail decline observed. Inclusion of either interaction with surrounding circumstellar material or a rapidly-rotating neutron star (magnetar) significantly increases the quality of the model fit. We also investigate the possibility for an object similar to DES14X2fna to act as a contaminant in photometric samples of SNe Ia for cosmology, finding that a similar simulated object is misclassified by a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based photometric classifier as an SN Ia in ∼1.1–2.4 per cent of cases in DES, depending on the probability threshold used for a positive classification., Science and Technology Facilities Council through the DISCnet Centre for Doctoral Training, EU/FP7-ERC grant 615929, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant 839090, Spanish grant within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER) PGC2018-095317-B-C21, United States Department of Energy (DOE), National Science Foundation (NSF), Spanish Government, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Higher Education Funding Council for England, National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University, Financiadora de Inovacao e Pesquisa (Finep), Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, German Research Foundation (DFG), Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey, National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1138766 AST-1536171, MINECO AYA2015-71825 ESP2015-66861 FPA2015-68048 SEV-2016-0588 SEV-2016-0597 MDM-2015-0509, European Commission, CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council (ERC) FP7/2007-2013, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission 240672 291329 306478, Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant) 465376/2014-2, Fermi Research Alliance, LLC DE-AC02-07CH11359, Anglo-Australian Telescope A/2013B/012, National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA)
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48. Gaia Early Data Release 3: Gaia photometric science alerts
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Gerry Gilmore, F. De Angeli, David Alexander Kann, Richard Wilson, Danny Steeghs, Cs. Kiss, Łukasz Wyrzykowski, S. Komossa, L. Palaversa, Ulrich Kolb, S. van Velzen, L. Tomasella, L. Eyer, Ágnes Kóspál, Axel Schwope, A. Yoldas, D. Padeletti, G. Kovács, N. Schartel, Christopher J. Davis, Laszlo Szabados, M. L. Pretorius, M. Fridman, J. M. Carrasco, D. L. Harrison, N. Blagorodnova, A. Hourihane, W. van Reeven, Morgan Fraser, P. Tisserand, D. W. Evans, G. Holland, P. J. Richards, K. Kruszyńska, Nicholas Rowell, Z. Nagy, Elmé Breedt, J. H. J. de Bruijne, Sergey E. Koposov, Mária Kun, M. van Leeuwen, Timothy Butterley, Christian Knigge, G. Busso, F. van Leeuwen, Martin Dominik, A. Gomboc, J. Castañeda, S. J. Smartt, J. Japelj, N. Ihanec, Simon Hodgkin, N. Garralda, Carole Mundell, A. A. Mahabal, S. G. Baker, S. P. Littlefair, J. S. Clark, P. T. O'Brien, Michael Davidson, Brigitta Sipőcz, Maroussia Roelens, Gisella Clementini, Thomas Wevers, Alexander Scholz, Giuseppe Leto, Peter G. Jonker, A. Delgado, P. Ábrahám, B. Holl, George M. Seabroke, Gábor Marton, N. A. Walton, C. Diener, G. Altavilla, Patricia A. Whitelock, Valério A. R. M. Ribeiro, Goran Damljanović, P. Burgess, D. R. Young, M. Riello, P. Osborne, Claus Fabricius, Nigel Hambly, Michael D. Smith, Mark Sullivan, D. Eappachen, A. G. A. Brown, Krzysztof A. Rybicki, H. Campbell, Raphael Guerra, Timo Prusti, J. J. González-Vidal, I. Serraller, Andrzej Pigulski, Fraser Lewis, Dirk Froebrich, V. S. Dhillon, Mark Cropper, Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Chris M. Copperwheat, Jordi Portell, Ulrich Bastian, L. K. Hardy, Michel Dennefeld, P. Esquej, E. Szegedi-Elek, Guy Rixon, Francois Mignard, C. Dolding, S. Cowell, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), European Research Council, European Commission, Slovenian Research Agency, Leverhulme Trust, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, and University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Astronomy ,Stars: variables: general ,general [Supernovae] ,Supernovae: general ,Astrophysics ,Surveys ,7. Clean energy ,variables: general [Stars] ,Variables ,variable: general [Stars] ,QB Astronomy ,General ,Quasars ,QC ,QB ,media_common ,Physics ,Kiss ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,general [Quasars] ,3rd-DAS ,Creative commons ,Stars ,Quasars: general ,QC Physics ,Supernovae ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astronomical instrumentation, methods and techniques ,Humanities ,Data release - Abstract
Full list of authors: Hodgkin, S. T.; Harrison, D. L.; Breedt, E.; Wevers, T.; Rixon, G.; Delgado, A.; Yoldas, A.; Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.; Wyrzykowski, Ł.; van Leeuwen, M.; Blagorodnova, N.; Campbell, H.; Eappachen, D.; Fraser, M.; Ihanec, N.; Koposov, S. E.; Kruszyńska, K.; Marton, G.; Rybicki, K. A.; Brown, A. G. A.; Burgess, P. W.; Busso, G.; Cowell, S.; De Angeli, F.; Diener, C.; Evans, D. W.; Gilmore, G.; Holland, G.; Jonker, P. G.; van Leeuwen, F.; Mignard, F.; Osborne, P. J.; Portell, J.; Prusti, T.; Richards, P. J.; Riello, M.; Seabroke, G. M.; Walton, N. A.; Ábrahám, P.; Altavilla, G.; Baker, S. G.; Bastian, U.; O'Brien, P.; de Bruijne, J.; Butterley, T.; Carrasco, J. M.; Castañeda, J.; Clark, J. S.; Clementini, G.; Copperwheat, C. M.; Cropper, M.; Damljanovic, G.; Davidson, M.; Davis, C. J.; Dennefeld, M.; Dhillon, V. S.; Dolding, C.; Dominik, M.; Esquej, P.; Eyer, L.; Fabricius, C.; Fridman, M.; Froebrich, D.; Garralda, N.; Gomboc, A.; González-Vidal, J. J.; Guerra, R.; Hambly, N. C.; Hardy, L. K.; Holl, B.; Hourihane, A.; Japelj, J.; Kann, D. A.; Kiss, C.; Knigge, C.; Kolb, U.; Komossa, S.; Kóspál, Á.; Kovács, G.; Kun, M.; Leto, G.; Lewis, F.; Littlefair, S. P.; Mahabal, A. A.; Mundell, C. G.; Nagy, Z.; Padeletti, D.; Palaversa, L.; Pigulski, A.; Pretorius, M. L.; van Reeven, W.; Ribeiro, V. A. R. M.; Roelens, M.; Rowell, N.; Schartel, N.; Scholz, A.; Schwope, A.; Sipőcz, B. M.; Smartt, S. J.; Smith, M. D.; Serraller, I.; Steeghs, D.; Sullivan, M.; Szabados, L.; Szegedi-Elek, E.; Tisserand, P.; Tomasella, L.; van Velzen, S.; Whitelock, P. A.; Wilson, R. W.; Young, D. R.-- This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., Context. Since July 2014, the Gaia mission has been engaged in a high-spatial-resolution, time-resolved, precise, accurate astrometric, and photometric survey of the entire sky. Aims. We present the Gaia Science Alerts project, which has been in operation since 1 June 2016. We describe the system which has been developed to enable the discovery and publication of transient photometric events as seen by Gaia. Methods. We outline the data handling, timings, and performances, and we describe the transient detection algorithms and filtering procedures needed to manage the high false alarm rate. We identify two classes of events: (1) sources which are new to Gaia and (2) Gaia sources which have undergone a significant brightening or fading. Validation of the Gaia transit astrometry and photometry was performed, followed by testing of the source environment to minimise contamination from Solar System objects, bright stars, and fainter near-neighbours. Results. We show that the Gaia Science Alerts project suffers from very low contamination, that is there are very few false-positives. We find that the external completeness for supernovae, CE = 0.46, is dominated by the Gaia scanning law and the requirement of detections from both fields-of-view. Where we have two or more scans the internal completeness is CI = 0.79 at 3 arcsec or larger from the centres of galaxies, but it drops closer in, especially within 1 arcsec. Conclusions. The per-Transit photometry for Gaia transients is precise to 1% at G = 13, and 3% at G = 19. The per-Transit astrometry is accurate to 55 mas when compared to Gaia DR2. The Gaia Science Alerts project is one of the most homogeneous and productive transient surveys in operation, and it is the only survey which covers the whole sky at high spatial resolution (subarcsecond), including the Galactic plane and bulge. © S. T. Hodgkin et al. 2021., This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. Further details of funding authorities and individuals contributing to the success of the mission is shown at https://gea.esac.esa.int/archive/documentation/GEDR3/Miscellaneous/sec_acknowl/. We thank the United Kingdom Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC), the United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and the United Kingdom Space Agency (UKSA) through the following grants to the University of Bristol, the University of Cambridge, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Leicester, the Mullard Space Sciences Laboratory of University College London, and the United Kingdom Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL): PP/D006511/1, PP/D006546/1, PP/D006570/1, ST/I000852/1, ST/J005045/1, ST/K00056X/1, ST/K000209/1, ST/K000756/1, ST/L006561/1, ST/N000595/1, ST/S000623/1, ST/N000641/1, ST/N000978/1, ST/N001117/1, ST/S000089/1, ST/S000976/1, ST/S001123/1, ST/S001948/1, ST/S002103/1, and ST/V000969/1. This paper made use of the Whole Sky Database (WSDB) created by Sergey Koposov and maintained at the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge with financial support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and the European Research Council (ERC). We thank the William Herschel and Isaac Newton Telescopes on the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Spain, as well as the Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy (OPTICON) for their support of this project through telescope time, especially during the commissioning and verification phases. We thank the Copernico 1.82 m telescope (Mt. Ekar, Asiago Italy) operated by INAF Padova for supporting the project through telescope time (under the Large Programme Tomasella-SNe) during the verification phases. We acknowledge observations taken as part of the PESSTO project collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programme 199.D-0143. Authors at the ICCUB were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University (MICIU/FEDER, UE) through grant RTI2018-095076-B-C21, and the Institute of Cosmos Sciences University of Barcelona (ICCUB, Unidad de Excelencia ’María de Maeztu’) through grant CEX2019-000918-M. This work is supported by Polish NCN grants: Daina No. 2017/27/L/ST9/03221, Harmonia No. 2018/30/M/ST9/00311, Preludium No. 2017/25/N/ST9/01253 and MNiSW grant DIR/WK/2018/12 as well as the European Commission’s Horizon2020 OPTICON grant No. 730890. The Authors would like to thank the Warsaw University OGLE project for their continuous support in this work. AB acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA). AG acknowledges the financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-0031, I0-0033, J1-8136, J1-2460). AH was funded in part by the Leverhulme Trust through grant RPG-2012-541 and by the European Research Council grant 320360. AP acknowledges support from the NCN grant no. 2016/21/B/ST9/01126. CM acknowledges support from Jim and Hiroko Sherwin. DAK acknowledges support from the Spanish research projects AYA 2014-58381-P, AYA2017-89384-P, from Juan de la Cierva Incorporación fellowship IJCI-2015-26153, and from Spanish National Research Project RTI2018-098104-J-I00 (GRBPhot). EB and STH are funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council grant ST/S000623/1. TW was funded in part by European Research Council grant 320360 and by European Commission grant 730980. GC acknowledges the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) for its continuing support through contract 2018-24-HH.0 to the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF). GD acknowledges the observing grant support from the Institute of Astronomy and Rozhen NAO BAS through the bilateral joint research project “Gaia Celestial Reference Frame (CRF) and fast variable astronomical objects” (during 2020-2022, leader is G. Damljanovic), and support by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract no. 451-03-68/2020-14/200002). G. Marton acknowledges support from the EC Horizon 2020 project OPTICON (730890) and the ESA PRODEX contract no. 4000129910. MF is supported by a Royal Society - Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship NB acknowledges support from the research programme VENI, with project number 016.192.277, which is (partly) financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). NI is partially supported by Polish NCN DAINA grant no. 2017/27/L/ST9/03221. PAW acknowledges research funding from the South African National Research Foundation. RWW was funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council grant ST/P000541/1. V.A.R.M.R. acknowledges financial support from Radboud Excellence Initiative, the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) in the form of an exploratory project of reference IF/00498/2015/CP1302/CT0001, FCT and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the project UIDB/EEA/50008/2020, and supported by Enabling Green E-science for the Square Kilometre Array Research Infrastructure (ENGAGE-SKA), POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022217, and PHOBOS, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029932, funded by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (COMPETE 2020) and FCT, Portugal. ZKR acknowledges funding from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA). ZN acknowledges support from the ESA PRODEX contract nr. 4000129910., With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709.
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49. SN 2013ai: A Link between Hydrogen-rich and Hydrogen-poor Core-collapse Supernovae
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Melina C. Bersten, Melissa Shahbandeh, J. Serón, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Tao Chen, B. Englert, George H Marion, Scott C. Davis, Lluís Galbany, J. D. Lyman, Adam Fisher, Mark M. Phillips, E. E. Falco, Christopher R. Burns, Justyn R. Maund, Chris Ashall, Peter Hoeflich, A. Bunzel, Gastón Folatelli, Sanjay Kumar, Stefano Benetti, L. Martinez, Nidia Morrell, K. Ertini, Seppo Mattila, David Young, Carlos Contreras, Mark Sullivan, Nancy Elias-Rosa, Jessica R. Lu, M. D. Stritzinger, Joseph P. Anderson, Morgan Fraser, Eric Hsiao, Robert P. Kirshner, P. J. Pessi, National Science Foundation (US), Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, Royal Society (UK), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), and Villum Fonden
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Absolute magnitude ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Hydrogen ,chemistry.chemical_element ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Spectral line ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,0103 physical sciences ,Core-collapse supernovae ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Helium ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Envelope (waves) ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Late stellar evolution ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https] ,Light curve ,Type II supernova ,Supernova ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,type II supernovae - Abstract
Davis, S., et al., We present a study of the optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of SN 2013ai along with its light curves. These data range from discovery until 380 days after explosion. SN 2013ai is a fast declining Type II supernova (SN II) with an unusually long rise time, 18.9 2.7 days in the V-band, and a bright V-band peak absolute magnitude of -18.7 0.06 mag. The spectra are dominated by hydrogen features in the optical and NIR. The spectral features of SN 2013ai are unique in their expansion velocities, which, when compared to large samples of SNe II, are more than 1,000 km s-1 faster at 50 days past explosion. In addition, the long rise time of the light curve more closely resembles SNe IIb rather than SNe II. If SN 2013ai is coeval with a nearby compact cluster, we infer a progenitor zero-age main-sequence mass of ∼17 M o˙. After performing light-curve modeling, we find that SN 2013ai could be the result of the explosion of a star with little hydrogen mass, a large amount of synthesized 56Ni, 0.3-0.4 M o˙, and an explosion energy of 2.5-3.0 1051 erg. The density structure and expansion velocities of SN 2013ai are similar to those of the prototypical SN IIb, SN 1993J. However, SN 2013ai shows no strong helium features in the optical, likely due to the presence of a dense core that prevents the majority of γ-rays from escaping to excite helium. Our analysis suggests that SN 2013ai could be a link between SNe II and stripped-envelope SNe., The work of the CSP-II has been generously supported by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1008343, AST1613426, AST-1613455, and AST1613472. The CSP-II was also supported in part by the Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant. M.F. is supported by a Royal Society—Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship. P.H. acknowledges support by grants of the NSF AST-1008962 and NASA’s ATP1909476. L.G. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 839090. This work has been partially supported by the Spanish grant PGC2018-095317- B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). T.W.C. acknowledges the EU Funding under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 842471. M.S. is supported by generous grants from Villum FONDEN (13261, 28021) and by a project grant (8021-00170B) awarded by the Independent Research Fund Denmark.
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50. The double-peaked type Ic Supernova 2019cad: another SN 2005bf-like object
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S. J. Smartt, S. Moran, Mark Sullivan, Nancy Elias-Rosa, Lluís Galbany, Melina C. Bersten, A. Pastorello, C. Frohmaier, T. M. Reynolds, Seppo Mattila, A. Reguitti, M. Orellana, T. E. Müller-Bravo, K. Ertini, M. Stritzinger, J. P. Anderson, M. Pursiainen, Jamison Burke, G. Pignata, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, M. I. Smith, Daichi Hiramatsu, Cosimo Inserra, Gastón Folatelli, Hanindyo Kuncarayakti, Morgan Fraser, D. A. Howell, Erkki Kankare, C. Pellegrino, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science Foundation Ireland, Finnish Academy of Science and Letters, European Commission, and Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
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Supernovae: general ,PROGENITOR ,general [Supernovae] ,Library science ,FOS: Physical sciences ,IB/C SUPERNOVAE ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Nordic Optical Telescope ,Categorical grant ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,MAGNETAR ,Supernovae: individual: SN 2019cad ,Regional development ,Observatory ,0103 physical sciences ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION ,CORE-COLLAPSE ,European union ,OPTICAL-SPECTRA ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Alert system ,STFC ,media_common ,Independent research ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,EXPLOSION ,STAR ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https] ,UKRI ,Astronomía ,BOLOMETRIC LIGHT CURVES ,Supernovae ,general – supernovae: individual: SN 2019cad. [supernovae] ,Space and Planetary Science ,General AS supernovae ,individual: SN 2019cad [Supernovae] ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,EMISSION ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,SN 2019cad [Individual] - Abstract
We thank the anonymous referee for the comments and suggestions that have helped to improve the paper. We are grateful to Peter Jonker who enabled the WHT observation of this target during his program W19AN003. We thank Peter Brown its contribution with data from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. CPG and MS acknowledge support from EU/FP7-ERC grant No. [615929]. MO acknowledges support from UNRN PI2018 40B696 grant. GP acknowledges support by ANID – Millennium Science Initiative – ICN12_009. NER acknowledges support from MIUR, PRIN 2017 (grant 20179ZF5KS). MF is supported by a Royal Society - Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship. MS is supported by generous grants from VILLUM FONDEN (13261, 28021) and by a project grant (8021-00170B) from the Independent Research Fund Denmark. LG was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 839090. JB, DH, DAH, and CP were supported by NSF grant AST-1911225. TMB was funded by the CONICYT PFCHA / DOCTORADOBECAS CHILE/2017-72180113. This work has been partially supported by the Spanish grant PGC2018-095317-B-C21 within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, owned in collaboration by theUniversity of Turku and Aarhus University, and operated jointly by Aarhus University, the University of Turku and the University of Oslo, representing Denmark, Finland and Norway, the University of Iceland and Stockholm University at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Observations from the NOT were obtained through the NUTS and NUTS2 collaboration which are supported in part by the Instrument Centre for Danish Astrophysics (IDA). The data presented here were obtained in part with ALFOSC, which is provided by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) under a joint agreement with the University of Copenhagen and NOTSA. Based on observations made with the GTC telescope, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, under Director’s Discretionary Time. This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrialimpact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. ATLAS is primarily funded to search for near earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; by products of the NEO search include images and catalogues from the survey area. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Space Telescope Science Institute, and the South African Astronomical Observatory. The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work makes use of data from the Las Cumbres Observatory network., We present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of supernova (SN) 2019cad during the first similar to 100 d from explosion. Based on the light-curve morphology, we find that SN 2019cad resembles the double-peaked Type Ib/c SN 2005bf and the Type Ic PTF11mnb. Unlike those two objects, SN 2019cad also shows the initial peak in the redder bands. Inspection of the g-band light curve indicates the initial peak is reached in similar to 8 d, while the r-band peak occurred similar to 15 d post-explosion. A second and more prominent peak is reached in all bands at similar to 45 d past explosion, followed by a fast decline from similar to 60 d. During the first 30 d, the spectra of SN 2019cad show the typical features of a Type Ic SN, however, after 40 d, a blue continuum with prominent lines of Si II lambda 6355 and C II lambda 6580 is observed again. Comparing the bolometric light curve to hydrodynamical models, we find that SN 2019cad is consistent with a pre-SN mass of 11 M-circle dot, and an explosion energy of 3.5 x 10(51) erg. The light-curve morphology can be reproduced either by a double-peaked Ni-56 distribution with an external component of 0.041 M-circle dot, and an internal component of 0.3 M-circle dot or a double-peaked Ni-56 distribution plus magnetar model (P similar to 11 ms and B similar to 26 x 10(14) G). If SN 2019cad were to suffer from significant host reddening (which cannot be ruled out), the Ni-56 model would require extreme values, while the magnetar model would still be feasible., European Commission 615929, UNRN PI2018 40B696, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN) 20179ZF5KS, Science Foundation Ireland, Magnus Ehrnrooth foundation, Vilho, Yrjo and Kalle Vaisala Foundation of the Finnish academy of Science and Letters, VILLUM FONDEN 13261 28021, Independent Research Fund Denmark - European Union'sHorizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant 839090, National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-1911225, CONICYT PFCHA/DOCTORADOBECAS CHILE/2017-72180113, Spanish grant within the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER) PGC2018-095317-B-C21, Instrument Centre for Danish Astrophysics (IDA), National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) NN12AR55G 80NSSC18K0284 80NSSC18K1575, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC), ANID -Millennium Science Initiative ICN12 009, Jenny and AnttiWihuri foundation, ANID BECAS/DOCTORADO NACIONAL 21202412 W19AN003
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