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Managing employees' happiness and well-being as a business strategy offers positive outcomes for companies, as has been widely studied in the scientific literature. In the field of public relations, published studies address these benefits for individuals and collectively, both for the employees themselves (Pérez, 2020) and for the organisation for which they work, whether intangible or tangible (Castro-Martínez and Díaz-Morilla, 2020; Sidney et al., 2017). However, the function of promoting a good working environment is not always attended to in the workplace, nor is it always exclusive to a specific area (Bowen, 2008). In addition to a systematic documentary review, the Web of Science database is used for a bibliometric study and network mapping of the scientific literature, from which articles are extracted for analysis using different bibliographic searches. Based on the information obtained, VOSviewer software is used for the analysis of bibliometric networks by authorship, citation and co-occurrence of keywords in scientific publications. The number of articles published on the management of happiness and wellbeing in organisations as part of their public relations has increased significantly over the last decade, although there has been a notable change in this growth since 2021. According to the research, corporate social responsibility programmes are increasingly considering these aspects as part of their organisational strategy, and departments such as human resources are taking on a greater role in generating a good working environment. This study provides an overview of the international production of scientific publications on the subject of happiness management and organisational well-being from the point of view of public relations. It shows the evolution of scientific activity in terms of the number of works published by area of knowledge and the current trends in terms of authorship, subject matter and repercussion in the scientific field. La gestió de la felicitat i el benestar dels empleats com a estratègia organitzativa ofereix resultats positius per a les empreses, tal com ha estat àmpliament estudiat en la literatura científica. En l'àmbit de les relacions públiques, els estudis publicats aborden aquests beneficis tant individualment com col·lectivament: per als empleats (Pérez, 2020) i per a l'entitat per a la qual treballen, siguin intangibles o tangibles (Castro-Martínez i Díaz-Morilla, 2020; Sidney et al., 2017). No obstant això, la funció de promoure un bon ambient de treball no sempre és atesa en l'àmbit organitzacional, ni és exclusiva d'una àrea específica (Bowen, 2008). A més de la revisió documental sistemàtica realitzada, s'utilitza la base de dades Web of Science per a l'estudi bibliomètric i el mapatge de xarxes de la literatura científica, de la qual s'extreuen els articles per analitzar-los en diferents cerques bibliogràfiques. A partir de la informació obtinguda, s'utilitza el programari VOSviewer per a l'anàlisi de les xarxes bibliomètriques referides a autoria, citació i coocurrència de paraules clau en les publicacions científiques. El nombre d'articles publicats sobre la gestió de la felicitat i el benestar en les organitzacions per l'àrea de les relacions públiques ha augmentat significativament en l'última dècada, encara que s'ha produït un canvi notable en aquest creixement a partir de 2021. Segons la recerca, els programes de responsabilitat social corporativa consideren cada vegada més aquests aspectes com a part de la seva estratègia organitzativa, i departaments com el de recursos humans assumeixen un major protagonisme en la generació d'un bon ambient de treball. Aquest estudi ofereix una visió general de la producció internacional de publicacions científiques sobre el tema de la gestió de la felicitat i el benestar organitzacional des del punt de vista de les relacions públiques. Mostra l'evolució de l'activitat científica quant al nombre de treballs difosos per àrea de coneixement i les tendències actuals quant a autoria, temàtica i repercussió en l'àmbit científic. La gestión de la felicidad y el bienestar de los empleados como estrategia organizativa ofrece resultados positivos para las empresas, tal y como ha sido ampliamente estudiado en la literatura científica. En el ámbito de las relaciones públicas, los estudios publicados abordan estos beneficios tanto individual como colectivamente: para los empleados (Pérez, 2020) y para la entidad para la que trabajan, ya sean intangibles o tangibles (Castro-Martínez y Díaz-Morilla, 2020; Sidney et al., 2017). Sin embargo, la función de promover un buen ambiente de trabajo no siempre es atendida en el ámbito organizacional, ni es exclusiva de un área específica (Bowen, 2008). Además de la revisión documental sistemática realizada, se utiliza la base de datos Web of Science para el estudio bibliométrico y el mapeo de redes de la literatura científica, de la que se extraen los artículos para su análisis en diferentes búsquedas bibliográficas. A partir de la información obtenida, se utiliza el software VOSviewer para el análisis de las redes bibliométricas referidas a autoría, citación y coocurrencia de palabras clave en las publicaciones científicas. El número de artículos publicados sobre la gestión de la felicidad y el bienestar en las organizaciones por el área de las relaciones públicas ha aumentado significativamente en la última década, aunque se ha producido un cambio notable en este crecimiento a partir de 2021. Según la investigación, los programas de responsabilidad social corporativa consideran cada vez más estos aspectos como parte de su estrategia organizativa, y departamentos como el de recursos humanos asumen un mayor protagonismo en la generación de un buen ambiente de trabajo. Este estudio ofrece una visión general de la producción internacional de publicaciones científicas sobre el tema de la gestión de la felicidad y el bienestar organizacional desde el punto de vista de las relaciones públicas. Muestra la evolución de la actividad científica en cuanto al número de trabajos difundidos por área de conocimiento y las tendencias actuales en cuanto a autoría, temática y repercusión en el ámbito científico.

Van der Waals magnetic materials are building blocks for novel kinds of spintronic devices and playgrounds for exploring collective magnetic phenomena down to the two-dimensional limit. Chromium-tellurium compounds are relevant in this perspective. In particular, the 1$T$ phase of CrTe$_2$ has been argued to have a Curie temperature above 300~K, a rare and desirable property in the class of lamellar materials, making it a candidate for practical applications. However, recent literature reveals a strong variability in the reported properties, including magnetic ones. Using electron microscopy, diffraction and spectroscopy techniques, together with local and macroscopic magnetometry approaches, our work sheds new light on the structural, chemical and magnetic properties of bulk 1$T$-CrTe$_2$ exfoliated in the form of flakes having a thickness ranging from few to several tens of nanometers. We unambiguously establish that 1$T$-CrTe$_2$ flakes are ferromagnetic above room temperature, have an in-plane easy axis of magnetization, low coercivity, and we confirm that their Raman spectroscopy signatures are two modes, $E_{2\text{g}}$ (103.5~cm$^{-1}$) and $A_{1\text{g}}$ (136.5~cm$^{-1}$). We also prove that thermal annealing causes a phase transformation to monoclinic Cr$_5$Te$_8$ and, to a lesser extent, to trigonal Cr$_5$Te$_8$. In sharp contrast with 1$T$-CrTe$_2$, none of these compounds have a Curie temperature above room temperature, and they both have perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Our findings reconcile the apparently conflicting reports in the literature and open opportunities for phase-engineered magnetic properties.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de realizar diferentes tipos de triangulaciones de pases en campo propio sobre el mantenimiento de la posesión del balón y la progresión del juego en fútbol profesional. Un total de 70,653 triangulaciones en campo propio, llevadas a cabo en los 380 partidos de la liga española de fútbol masculino de la temporada 2018/2019, fueron analizadas utilizando datos de eventos proporcionados por StatsPerform. Dichas triangulaciones fueron clasificadas en dos grupos: las que suponían una repetición de carril lateral y las que no. Teniendo en cuenta esta clasificación, se realizaron dos análisis complementarios: uno diferenciando estos dos tipos de triangulaciones y otro atendiendo a las jugadas en las que estaban presentes, prestando especial atención a cuáles terminaron en la pérdida de balón. En ambos análisis, los resultados arrojan la misma conclusión: una triangulación en la que se repite carril lateral o una jugada en la que haya incluida al menos una repetición de carril lateral tienen una mayor tendencia a terminar en pérdida de balón que cualquier otro tipo de triangulación o jugada en la que no se incluya este tipo de triangulación. Palabras clave: analítica de fútbol, eventos, pases, rendimiento, posesión, carril lateral. Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of performing different type of passing triangulations in the own half on the ball possession and progression in professional football. A total of 70,653 triangulations in the own half that took place during 380 matches from the Spanish La Liga 2018/2019 were analyzed by using event data provided by StatsPerform. All triangulations were classified into two groups: (i) one with triangulations involving a side lane repetition and (ii) a second group with those triangulations without a side lane repetition. Considering this classification, we conducted two complementary analyses: one differentiating these two types of triangulations and another considering what kind of plays contained lateral lane repetitions, paying special attention to plays that ended in the loss of the ball. In both analyses, results show the same conclusion: a triangulation in which side lane is repeated or a play in which at least one side lane repetition is included have a greater tendency to finish with a turnover than other types of triangulations or plays in which this type of side lane repetition does not appear. Keywords: football analytics, events, passes, performance, possession, lateral lane.

Resumen Las infecciones hospitalarias causadas por bacilos gram negativos resistentes a carbapenems (BGNCR) están asociadas al aumento de morbimortalidad y gasto sanitario. La identificación mediante cultivos de vigilancia y las medidas de control de infecciones permiten reducir su diseminación. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el impacto de un programa de vigilancia integrado a protocolos de control de infecciones sobre la incidencia de BGNCR y conocer su epidemiología molecular en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se realizaron auditorías seguidas de un programa de cultivo de vigilancia activa y caracterización molecular de BGNCR, antes y después de la implementación de programas de prevención y control de infecciones. El screening microbiológico se realizó en medios cromogénicos; la caracterización molecular de p-lactamasas (blaKPC, bla0XA-48-like, blaVIM, blaiMP, blaNDM, blaSHV y blaCTx-M) por PCR y la tipificación molecular por PFGE y MLST para Klebsiella pneumoniae. El protocolo desarrollado permitió reducir la colonización global de 16,92% al 9,67%. La diseminación de K. pneumoniae fue a expensas de diversos clones portadores de KPC-2 asociada a BLEE SHV-2 y CTX-M-15, y distribuidos en varios secuenciotipos (ST17, ST13, ST2256, ST353); no se observó persistencia de un clon particular y ningún aislamiento presentó factores de virulencia asociados a hipervi-rulencia. Los aislamientos de Acinetobacter baumannii fueron mayoritariamente productores de IMP-1. El análisis PFGE individualizó 3 clusters, asumiendo que la diseminación fue clonal. Abstract Hospital-acquired infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) have been increasingly reported worldwide and are associated with high rates of mortality especially in intensive care units(ICUs). Early identification through rectal surveillance cultures and implementation of infection control measures(ICM) including contact precautions, staff education on cleaning and hand hygiene may reduce the spread of these microorganisms. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of enhanced ICM on CRGNB colonization and to describe the molecular epidemiology of these bacteria in a polyvalent ICU in a tertiary level hospital. A prospective study including audits and active surveillance culture program, with molecular characterization, was conducted before and after the implementation of prevention programs and infection control measures. Microbiological screening was performed in chromogenic media; PCR targeting p-lactamases genes (ó/qkpc, óíQndm, blaviM and blaoxA-48, blasHv and ó/qctx-m), molecular typing by PFGE; and MLST in K. pneumoniae were performed. CRGNB colonization was reduced from 16.92% to 9.67% upon implementing the infection control measures. In K. pneumoniae the most frequent carbapenemase type was KPC-2 associated with SHV-2 and CTX-M-15, and was disseminated in various STs (ST17, ST13, ST2256, ST353); there was no persistence of particular clones and virulence factors showed no association with hypervirulence. IMP-1 carbapenemase predominated in A. baumannii and the PFGE analysis individualized 3 clusters, assuming that the dissemination in the ICU was clonal. The early detection of patients colo-nized with CRBGN by using epidemiological surveillance cultures and the implementation of prophylactic measures are key to reducing the incidence of these microorganisms.

Introduction. Klebsiella aerogenes is a nosocomial pathogen associated with drug resistance and healthcare-associated infections. Gap Statement. K. aerogenes is associated with hospital-acquired infections with the ability to acquire mechanisms of resistance to reserve antimicrobials; its clinical behaviour has been poorly documented. Objective. We proposed to investigate an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant K. aerogenes in a hospital that persisted for 4 months. Methods. The primary aim was to evaluate the molecular characteristics and the clonal relationships among the isolates. We characterized isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The information was integrated with clinical and epidemiological data. Results. Fourteen strains were disseminated in an intensive care unit and different wards at the hospital. The overall mortality was 42.8 %, and mortality attributed to infection was 21.4 %; strains showed high rates of resistance to most of the antimicrobials tested and carried bla KPC-2, bla SHV-2 and bla CTXM-15 genes. PFGE analysis indicated 2 PFGE groups; 12/14 isolates were associated with subgroup A and were likely to be primarily responsible for the first isolation and subsequent dissemination. The outbreak characteristics data showed prolonged hospitalization and previous use of antibiotics as potential risk factors. Conclusion. We consider that it is essential to perform phenotypic and genotypic identification of early genetic resistance mechanisms in K. aerogenes isolates, not only from infection sites but also from colonization, to prevent the spread of these multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates.

Resumen La frontera que comparten México y Guatemala es una región compleja de analizar por la diversidad de dinámicas entre ambos países. Una amenaza de la región es el cambio de uso de suelo, donde existen una serie de impulsores de cambio y condicionantes ambientales que hacen prioritario su análisis. La presente investigación revisa los cambios de uso de suelo que ocurrieron entre 1990 y 2010, mismos que se usan como base para construir un escenario tendencial al año 2030 a través de utilizar la red neuronal perceptrón multicapa. El escenario resultante muestra el crecimiento de la agricultura y de las zonas urbanas, así como la pérdida de bosques, otras vegetaciones y cuerpos de agua. Esta información evidencia la necesidad de analizar las implicaciones socioambientales que ello podría traer consigo. Abstract The shared border between Mexico and Guatemala is a complex region to analyze due to the diverse dynamics between both countries. One threat to the area is the land-use change, where many drivers of change and environmental conditions make it a priority to analyze. This research studies the land-use changes that occurred between 1990 and 2010; these are used as a basis for constructing a trend scenario to the year 2030 through the use of the multilayer perceptron neural network. The resulting scenario shows the growth of agriculture and urban areas, as well as the loss of forests, other vegetation, and water bodies. This information highlights the need to analyze the socio-environmental implications that this could bring about.

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer un Modelo de estrategia didáctica para fortalecer el aprendizaje de matemática en estudiantes de segundo bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Vicente Rocafuerte de Ecuador. Se utilizó la metodología de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo propositivo y con un diseño no experimental. Para el diagnóstico sobre el uso de las TAC en las clases de matemáticas se realizó un cuestionario aplicado a 40 estudiantes objeto de la investigación a través de un formulario de Google, y para identificar las estrategias para fortalecer la enseñanza de las matemáticas se utilizó la revisión de documentos de los últimos 5 años de repositorios digitales. Teniendo como resultado la propuesta de un modelo de estrategias didácticas fundamentado en las teorías del constructivismo basado en los aportes de Ausubel y Vigotsky, el Conectivismo, el método de Polya, considerando además el entorno digital actual. Concluyendo que es necesario el uso de las herramientas tecnológicas, donde existe una avalancha de información que se encuentra al alcance de todos, aspecto, lo que debería ser aprovechado por los docentes, adaptando esta información de manera estratégica y didáctica para facilitar el aprendizaje matemático donde el docente tendría el rol fundamental de orientador de la información para lograr su asimilación.

La tecnología está cambiando nuestra forma de trabajar, comunicarnos o entretenernos y la educación no puede vivir ajena a esta realidad. Desde una visión sistémica y con una buena dosis de reflexión y coherencia pedagógica, debemos ser capaces de entender y abordar los retos que ya hoy se nos plantean y los que podemos intuir que están por venir y dotar a nuestros docentes de las competencias digitales y personales necesarias para poder afrontarlos contribuyendo a la mejora de la calidad y equidad del sistema educativo.

En este trabajo reportamos el desarrollo de un sistema de sincronización óptica espacial para satélites pequeños operando en órbita baja (LEO). Este sistema es requerido para un enlace de comunicaciones ópticas satélite - estación terrena. Como parte fundamental, se diseñó e implementó una montura de precisión gimbal con dos grados de libertad controlada por tornillos de ajuste fino y un algoritmo ad-hoc. Generamos en laboratorio una estrella artificial utilizando una fuente láser, fibra monomodo y un telescopio astronómico. Utilizando dicha estrella es posible, sin lanzar el satélite, certificar el buen desempeño de nuestro gimbal con respecto al seguimiento de un faro láser artificial en pruebas de laboratorio. Reportamos asimismo la caracterización del desempeño del subsistema Gimbal en enlaces ópticos atmosféricos. Por otro lado, como base para este diseño, se considera que previamente a la adquisición del faro se llevaría a cabo mediante las etapas de RF, GPS y sistema de actitud, los cuales formarían parte de la plataforma del satélite bajo diseño. Así, las efemérides de la trayectoria satelital son parte fundamental en la etapa de apuntamiento, rastreo y seguimiento inicial del sistema. Debido a la complejidad del sistema reportado en este escrito, se requirió la participación de especialistas de diversas instituciones tales como el CICESE, el INAOE, Cetys-Universidad Ensenada y el Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de la UNAM. Los subsistemas reportados en este trabajo se desarrollaron dentro del marco de un proyecto con Fondos de la Agencia Espacial Mexicana.

The cape gooseberry, Physalis peruviana L., is a crop that is transitioning from a semi-wild rural food source to becoming an international export commodity fruit deserving of greater attention from the scientific community, producers, policy makers and opinion makers. Despite its importance, the crop has serious technological development challenges, mainly associated with the limited supply of genetically improved materials for producers and consumers. In the present study, the level of ploidy of 100 genotypes of gooseberry from a working collection was determined by counting the number of chromosomes and chloroplasts, to include them in the breeding program. The number of chromosomes in dividing cells of root-tip meristems, as well as the number of chloroplasts per guard cell, from plants grown in vitro and ex vitro conditions were determined. Haploid with 24 chromosomes, doubled haploid-tetraploid with 48 chromosomes, aneuploid (44 and 49 chromosomes) and mixoploid genotypes with 36 to 86 chromosomes were found. The number of chloroplasts / cell guard ranged from 4-8, 6-16, 7-16 and 9-21 for the haploid, aneuploid, doubled haploid-tetraploid and mixoploid genotypes, respectively. Evidence of a high cytogenetic diversity in the evaluated genotypes.

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Cryogenic energy storage (CES) system is an emerging technology that can improve the stability of the power grid by responding to imbalances in electrical energy production and consumption, and consequently, contribute to enhancing the participation of grid-connected intermittent renewable energy sources. Additionally, CES systems can be integrated into the industry, power plants and service sectors, providing capacity and energy after a system failure (blackout). Nevertheless, the CES cycle efficiency, its integration and the operation modes of charging and discharging processes require further investigations. This research aims to enhance the performance of the CES technology through the simultaneous operation of the charging and discharging processes, exploring its potential for cogeneration and adopting some modifications in the cycle layout to increase energy production. Moreover, the thesis proposes a systematic methodology for CES systems design and evaluation. The superiority of the conceptual modification referred to the simultaneity of storage and discharge processes with respect to similar technologies is demonstrated. For this, three main alternatives with different operation modes are designed, simulated and evaluated using both thermodynamic and economic criteria. First of all, a thermodynamic analysis and a detailed mathematical model based on mass, energy and exergy balances are developed. Additionally, the main economic methods, such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period (PBP), benefit cost ratio (B/C) and levelized costs are assessed. An optimization procedure and a sensitivity analysis using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software are conducted in order to investigate the influence of some parameters on the main indexes and indicators. Based on the established assumptions, it is found that the simultaneous operation of the charging and discharging processes and the layout modification of the CES system produce a reduction in power consumption during the storage process of 19.9 % and an increase in the power production of 59.6 % during the discharging process, leading to a significant improvement of the round-trip efficiency compared to the base case. For waste heat available at 600 K, an outlet pump pressure of 20 MPa and a cryogenic tank capacity of 200 t, the round-trip efficiency attains to be between 38.5 and 46.8 %. The results also showed that specific liquid air yield is found to be 0.412 /, resulting in 39.3 % higher than that of the previous investigation this study is based on. Thermodynamic analyses and optimization show that the exergy density and exergy utilization factor in discharging regime are determined as 133.5 ℎ/3 and 89.2 %, respectively. The exergy density is comparatively higher than that of other technologies, such as pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) and compressed air energy storage (CAES). The economic analysis suggests that the cogeneration CES system is highly competitive with others storage technologies. The specific investment cost of the optimal CES system resulted from 1301.4 to 782.3 $/ and the payback period ranged from 20.9 to 15.2 years, depending on the CES system scale. Finally, the study reveals that the profitability of the cogeneration CES system is highly sensitive to the waste heat temperature, that is, the higher the reheat temperature, the greater the net present value. O sistema de armazenamento de energia criogênica (CES) é uma tecnologia emergente que pode melhorar a estabilidade da rede elétrica respondendo aos desequilíbrios na produção e no consumo de energia elétrica e, consequentemente, contribuir para aumentar a participação de fontes de energia renováveis intermitentes conectadas à rede. Além disso, os sistemas CES podem ser integrados à indústria, usinas de energia e setores de serviços, fornecendo capacidade e energia após uma falha do sistema (blackout). No entanto, a eficiência do ciclo CES, sua integração e os modos de operação dos processos de carga e descarga requerem investigações adicionais. Esta pesquisa visa aprimorar o desempenho da tecnologia CES por meio da operação simultânea dos processos de carga e descarga, explorando seu potencial de co-geração e adotando algumas modificações no layout do ciclo para aumentar a produção de energia. Além disso, a tese propõe uma metodologia sistemática para projeto e avaliação de sistemas CES. É demonstrada a superioridade da modificação conceitual referente à simultaneidade dos processos de armazenamento e descarga em relação a tecnologias semelhantes. Para isso, três alternativas principais com diferentes modos de operação são projetadas, simuladas e avaliadas usando critérios termodinâmicos e econômicos. Primeiramente, uma análise termodinâmica e um modelo matemático detalhado baseado em balanços de massa, energia e exergia são desenvolvidos. Além disso, os principais métodos econômicos, como valor presente líquido (VPL), taxa interna de retorno (TIR), período de retorno (PBP), relação benefício-custo (B/C) e custos nivelados são avaliados. Um procedimento de otimização e uma análise de sensibilidade utilizando o software Engineering Equation Solver (EES) são realizados para investigar a influência de alguns parâmetros nos principais índices e indicadores. Com base nas premissas estabelecidas, verifica-se que a operação simultânea dos processos de carga e descarga e a modificação do layout do sistema CES produzem uma redução no consumo de energia durante o processo de armazenamento de 19,9 % e um aumento na produção de energia de 59,6 % durante o processo de descarregamento, levando a uma melhoria significativa da eficiência de ida e volta em comparação com o caso base. Para o calor residual disponível a 600 K, uma pressão da bomba de saída de 20 MPa e uma capacidade do tanque criogênico de 200 t, a eficiência de ciclo completo atinge entre 38,5 e 46,8 %. Os resultados também mostraram que o rendimento líquido específico encontrado é de 0,412 /, resultando em 39,3 % maior do que na investigação anterior em que este estudo se baseia. As análises termodinâmicas e a otimização mostram que a densidade de exergia e o fator de utilização de exergia no regime de descarga são determinados como 133,5 ℎ/3 e 89,2 %, respectivamente. A densidade exergética é comparativamente maior do que a de outras tecnologias, como armazenamento de energia hidroelétrica bombeada (PHES) e armazenamento de energia por ar comprimido (CAES). A análise econômica sugere que o sistema CES de cogeração é altamente competitivo com outras tecnologias de armazenamento. O custo de investimento específico do sistema CES ótimo resultou de 1301,4 a 782,3 $/ e o período de retorno variou entre 20,9 e 15,2 anos, dependendo da escala do sistema CES. Por fim, o estudo revela que a rentabilidade do sistema CES de cogeração é altamente sensível à temperatura do calor residual, ou seja, quanto maior a temperatura de reaquecimento, maior o valor presente líquido.

Dynamics of probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG, L. reuteri BioGaia, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12 and B. longum subsp. longum BB536 were investigated during the fermentation of milk supplemented with extracts of Chondrus crispus (CC), Himanthalia elongata (HE), Laminaria ochroleuca (LO), Palmaria palmata (PP), Porphyra umbilicalis (PU), Ulva lactuca (UL) and Undaria pinnatifida (UP). After 24 h at 37 °C, LGG attained counts above 108 cfu/ml in control milk and in milk with all seaweed extracts while BioGaia only attained that level in milk with CC, HE, PP, PU and UL extracts, B12 in milk with UL and UP extracts, and BB536 in milk with CC, HE, PU and UL extracts. In physiological saline, LGG, BioGaia, BB12 and BB536 were respectively stimulated by 4, 0, 5 and 3 seaweed extracts after 24 h at 37 °C and inhibited by 1, 5, 2 and 0 seaweed extracts. Casein and whey proteins added to physiological saline neutralized inhibition caused by UL extract, increasing probiotic counts by 4–5 log cfu/ml, while lactose and citrate had no significant effect. Milk supplementation with seaweed extracts permitted attaining probiotic counts above 108 cfu/ml at the end of fermentation, a result of practical interest for the dairy industry.

Con el propósito de determinar el impacto que sobre la preparación académica y profesional de los estudiantes universitarios tiene el uso de internet y las diversas redes sociales (IRS) disponibles se realizó este estudio. Para esto se seleccionaron a 20 estudiantes del último semestre de los ciclos 2017A y 2017B, de la Licenciatura en Agronegocios, a los que se les aplicó una encuesta acerca del uso de IRS, y su relación con el compromiso y/o responsabilidad social. Los datos fueron analizados mediante una prueba “T” de Student al 95% de confianza. Los resultados indican que: sólo 7 de los 20 estudiantes manifestaron reconocer un impactopositivo del IRS en su preparación académica, aunque no en el compromiso hacia su comunidad. El 40% de los estudiantes emplea Facebook, 90% whatsapp y videojuegos y el 30% Twitter, con sólo el 4% recurriendo a internet para accesar y leer revistas científicas (journals) y/o periódicos. El 90% de los estudiantes expresó no tener ningún interés en utilizar el internet para leer revistas, libros o periódicos. Se concluye que los estudiantes no ven al IRS como una herramienta para mejorar su preparación académica y no la ven como una influencia para El papel de internet y redes sociales sobre la preparación académica y profesional, y el compromiso social de los estudiantes de agronegocios del Cucienega – Universidad de Guadalajara incrementar su sentido de compromiso y responsabilidad. De esta forma, es necesario implementar mecanismos efectivos de vinculación que relacionen de manera real a la universidad con el desarrollo y seguimiento profesional del estudiante y sus logros hacia su comunidad Abstract In order to determine the impact on the academic and professional preparation of university students has the use of Internet and the various social networks (IRS) Available This study was conducted. To this end, 20 students were selected from the last semester of the 2017 and 2017B cycles, from the Bachelor's in agribusiness, to which they were given a survey about the use of the IRS, and their relationship with the commitment and/or social responsibility. The data were analyzed by a Student T-Test at 95% of confidence. The results indicate that: only 7 of the 20 students said they recognized a positive impact of the IRS on their academic preparation, but not on the commitment to their community. 40% of students use Facebook, 90% WhatsApp and video games and 30% Twitter, with only 4% using the Internet to access and read journals and/or newspapers. 90% of students expressed no interest in using the Internet to read magazines, books or newspapers. It is concluded that students do not see the IRS as a tool to improve their academic readiness and do not see it as an influence to increase their sense of commitment and responsibility. In this way, it is necessary to implement effective mechanisms of linkage that relate in a real way to the university with the development and professional monitoring of the student and his achievements towards his community

BackgroundThe role of bronchoscopy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a matter of debate.Patients and methodsThis observational multicentre study aimed to analyse the prognostic impact of bronchoscopic findings in a consecutive cohort of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Patients were enrolled at 17 hospitals from February to June 2020. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were assessed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1027 bronchoscopies were performed in 515 patients (age 61.5±11.2 years; 73% men), stratified into a clinical suspicion cohort (n=30) and a COVID-19 confirmed cohort (n=485). In the clinical suspicion cohort, the diagnostic yield was 36.7%. In the COVID-19 confirmed cohort, bronchoscopies were predominantly performed in the intensive care unit (n=961; 96.4%) and major indications were: difficult mechanical ventilation (43.7%), mucus plugs (39%) and persistence of radiological infiltrates (23.4%). 147 bronchoscopies were performed to rule out superinfection, and diagnostic yield was 42.9%. There were abnormalities in 91.6% of bronchoscopies, the most frequent being mucus secretions (82.4%), haematic secretions (17.7%), mucus plugs (17.6%), and diffuse mucosal hyperaemia (11.4%). The independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were: older age (OR 1.06; pConclusionBronchoscopy may be indicated in carefully selected patients with COVID-19 to rule out superinfection and solve complications related to mechanical ventilation. The presence of haematic secretions in the distal bronchial tract may be considered a poor prognostic feature in COVID-19.

IntroductionKlebsiella aerogenes is a nosocomial pathogen associated with drug resistance and healthcare-associated infections. We pursued this study to investigate an outbreak of clinical carbapenem-resistant K. aerogenes(CRKA) in an argentinian tertiary hospital which persisted for 4 months despite aggressive infection control measures. The primary goals aimed to evaluate the molecular characteristics and the clonal relationships among the CRKA isolates.MethodsWe characterized CRKA isolates by multiplex PCR and PFGE. The information was integrated with clinical and epidemiologic data.ResultsThe 14 CRKA strains were disseminated in an adult intensive care unit (50%) and five different wards. In patients who received antimicrobial treatment, 8 staggered to directed treatment, mainly with amikacin(6/8) and/or carbapenemes(5/8). The overall mortality was 42.8%, and the attributed mortality to CRKA infection was 21.4%, strains showed high rates of resistance to most of the antimicrobials without resistance to Amikacin and Tigecycline, and carried the blaKPC-2, blaSHV-2 and blaCTXM-15 genes. The PFGE indicated 2 distinct groups; 12/14 CRKA isolatesassociated with the dominant subgroup A and likely to be primarily responsible for the first isolation and subsequent dissemination in the hospital.ConclusionThe outbreak characteristics data showed prolonged hospitalization and previous use of broad-spectrum antibiotics as potential risk factors for the acquisition of CRKA.

Hospital-acquired infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) have been increasingly reported worldwide and are associated with high rates of mortality especially in intensive care units(ICUs). Early identification through rectal surveillance cultures and implementation of infection control measures(ICM) including contact precautions, staff education on cleaning and hand hygiene may reduce the spread of these microorganisms. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of enhanced ICM on CRGNB colonization and to describe the molecular epidemiology of these bacteria in a polyvalent ICU in a tertiary level hospital. A prospective study including audits and active surveillance culture program, with molecular characterization, was conducted before and after the implementation of prevention programs and infection control measures. Microbiological screening was performed in chromogenic media; PCR targeting β-lactamases genes (bla

Los telescopios han sido los ojos que los humanos han usado para descubrir el universo; La astronomía observacional ha fijado un desarrollo impulsivo en la tecnología y la ingeniería. El Departamento de Instrumentación de OAN-SPM está buscando actualizar el principal telescopio de propósito general. Este telescopio había ayudado en investigaciones en muchos campos de estudio, pero desde su construcción funciona con la configuración tipo Cassegrain. La operación del foco Nasmyth es una opción que introducirá el telescopio a otros pasos en las investigaciones. En el presente trabajo mostramos el diseño del control para el primer concepto que permite que el foco Nasmyth funcione en un telescopio de 2.1 m de OAN-SPM. El desarrollo de pruebas para la validación del diseño del control y la caracterización del prototipo se muestran a continuación.

The use of high pressure processing (HPP) for the treatment of dry-cured ham and other meat products has considerably increased worldwide. Its well-documented lethal effect on pathogenic and spoilage bacteria ensures the microbial safety of dry-cured ham and extends its shelf life. However, the effects of HPP on the volatile compounds, odor and aroma of dry-cured ham are less known. In the present review, the effects of HPP on the enzymes and microorganisms responsible for the generation of volatile compounds in dry-cured ham and the changes in the levels of the main groups of volatile compounds resulting from different HPP treatments are discussed. Particular attention is devoted to the fate of odor-active compounds after HPP treatments and throughout further commercial storage. The use of efficient sensory techniques yielding odor and aroma outputs closer to those perceived by consumers is encouraged. Needs for future research on the volatile compounds, odor and aroma of HPP-treated dry-cured ham are highlighted., The authors wish to thank Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding projects RTA2010-00029-C04-04 and AGL2014-51742-REDC (PROCARSE).

Título, resumen y palabras clave en español e inglés Resumen basado en el de la publicación La investigación educativa demuestra que las expectativas existentes en las comunidades educativas de los centros escolares están relacionadas con el rendimiento de los estudiantes. Diversos estudios confirman la relación de las mismas con la mejora escolar en las primeras etapas educativas. Se analizan las relaciones existentes, ampliando al Bachillerato, entre las expectativas y los resultados de los centros de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca. Para ello, mediante los resultados de las Pruebas de Acceso a la Universidad de cinco años consecutivos (2010-2014) y distintas variables contextuales, se seleccionan centros de alta y baja eficacia. Se realizan entrevistas semiestructuradas a los inspectores educativos de referencia de estos centros y se contrastan las expectativas de ambos grupos. Se señala que a lo largo del Bachillerato, al igual que ocurre en las anteriores etapas, las expectativas existentes en las comunidades educativas de los centros escolares son un factor que se relaciona con los resultados de los mismos. Se deduce que el tener altas expectativas y transmitirlas a su entorno, involucra a la comunidad educativa en una tarea importante que se traduce en buenos resultados. ESP

In this paper, calculation of monthly average hourly diffuse photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) using satellite data is proposed. Diffuse PAR was analyzed at four stations in Thailand. A radiative transfer model was used for calculating the diffuse PAR for cloudless sky conditions. Differences between the diffuse PAR under all sky conditions obtained from the ground-based measurements and those from the model are representative of cloud effects. Two models are developed, one describing diffuse PAR only as a function of solar zenith angle, and the second one as a multiple linear regression with solar zenith angle and satellite reflectivity acting linearly and aerosol optical depth acting in logarithmic functions. When tested with an independent data set, the multiple regression model performed best with a higher coefficient of variance R2 (0.78 vs. 0.70), lower root mean square difference (RMSD) (12.92% vs. 13.05%) and the same mean bias difference (MBD) of −2.20%. Results from the multiple regression model are used to map diffuse PAR throughout the country as monthly averages of hourly data.

Ewes' milk samples from 287 farm bulk tanks and 17 transport tankers were analyzed for Listeria over a one-year period. Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua were detected in 2.19% and 2.00% of 1052 farm samples, and in 18.38% and 11.76% of 136 tanker samples, respectively. Incidence of Listeria grayi , Listeria ivanovii , Listeria seeligeri and Listeria welshimeri was under 0.4% in farm samples and under 1% in tanker samples. Most farms (93.38%) produced milk free from L. monocytogenes throughout the one-year sampling period. No seasonal influence on milk contamination by Listeria was found. However, ewes' milk contamination by L. monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. was significantly higher in farms where cows were also reared than in farms where only ewes were present.

The effect on the biochemical characteristics of Iberico semi-hard cheese supplemented with Himanthalia elongata (HE), Laminaria ochroleuca (LO), Porphyra umbilicalis (PU), Ulva lactuca (UL) or Undaria pinnatifida (UP) seaweeds was investigated. Addition of 1% dehydrated seaweed to curd increased total free amino acids in LO cheese and decreased them in HE and UP cheeses at 60 days with respect to control cheese. Lipolysis was markedly enhanced in UL cheese, which showed on day 60 a 6.0-fold higher concentration of total free fatty acids than control cheese. Seventy-six volatile compounds were detected in cheeses with seaweeds and 54 in control cheese. Aldehydes and alcohols reached higher levels in the control cheese, esters and ketones in PU cheese, acids and sulphur compounds in UL cheese, hydrocarbons in HE and PU cheeses, and furans in HE and UP cheeses.

Supplementation of dairy products with seaweeds can contribute to attaining a balanced diet, but they may affect their sensory characteristics. Yogurt and quark were supplemented with dehydrated Himanthalia elongata, Porphyra umbilicalis, Saccharina latissima, Ulva lactuca and Undaria pinnatifida. When odour, flavour and texture were evaluated by panellists, dairy products containing 0.50% U. pinnatifida showed the highest seaweed flavour and the lowest flavour quality, while dairy products containing 0.50% S. latissima showed the lowest seaweed flavour and the highest flavour quality. Seaweed species influenced all yogurt attributes except buttery odour, acid flavour and salty flavour and all quark attributes except yogurt odour, acid flavour and sweet flavour. Logarithmic regressions of seaweed odour and flavour on seaweed concentration (0–1.00%) were the best fit for dairy products containing P. umbilicalis, U. lactuca or U. pinnatifida and linear regressions for those supplemented with H. elongata or S. latissima. © 2016 Institute of Food Science and Technology

Cogeneration power plants connected to industrial processes have a direct impact on the overall efficiency of the plant and therefore on the economic results. Any modification to the thermal outline of these plants must first include an exergetic analysis to compare the benefits it can bring the new proposal. This research is performed to a cogeneration plant in operation with an installed electrical capacity of 24 MW and process heat demand of 190 MW, it shows a study made from the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Exergetic evaluation of each component of the plant was applied and similarly modified cogeneration scheme was evaluated. The results illustrate that the exergy losses and irreversibilities are completely different from one subsystem to another. In general, the total exergy destruction represented 70,7% from the primary fuel exergy. Steam generator was the subsystem with the highest irreversibility of the plant with 54%. It was demonstrated that the increase of the steam parameters lead to reduce exergy destruction and exergy efficiency elevation. The suppression of the reduction system and the adding of an extraction-condensing steam turbine produce the same effect and contribute to drop off the electrical consumption from the grid.

The study uses a Monte Carlo radiative transfer model to examine the sensitivity of the UV erythemal radiation (UVER) enhancement to broken liquid water clouds of the cumulus and stratocumulus type. The model uses monochromatic radiation at 310 nm corresponding approximately to the peak of the product between irradiance and the erythemal curve. All scattering, absorption, extinction coefficients, and spectral albedos are tuned to this wavelength. In order of importance, fractional cloud cover, the area of individual cloud patches, and cloud thickness exert a strong influence on the enhancement, with smaller contributions from cloud optical depth, cloud base height, and solar zenith angle. In order to produce realistic enhancements for our study area located in the Valencia region of Spain (39°30′N, 0°25′W), measurements were obtained from a Landsat image of the region in combination with a spectral Fourier transform model. The Monte Carlo model, as applied to the Fourier transform cloud distribution, produced satisfactory results compared to 1 year of measured UVER enhancement for the study region provided that fractional cloud cover was equal to or greater than 3/10. At smaller cloud fractions, the neglect of cloud patches less than 50 m × 50 m in area by the model created significant discrepancies.

El marchitamiento vascular ocasionado por el hongo Fusarium oxysporum se considera el principal limitante en la producción de uchuva (Physalis peruviana) en Colombia. Se han identificado genotipos de P. peruviana y la especie relacionada P. floridana con diferentes niveles de reacción a F. oxysporum. En el presente estudio, se evaluaron los genotipos con el fin de complementar el conocimiento de la diversidad citogenética en Physalis y el diseño de estrategias de hibridación como apoyo al mejoramiento del cultivo de la uchuva. Se determinó el número de cromosomas en células en división mitótica de ápices radicales de plantas cultivadas in vitro, para lo cual se estimó como hora mitótica promedio las 12:00 para P. peruviana, y las 10:00 para P. floridana. Se encontraron dotaciones cromosómicas de 2n = 4x = 48 y 2n = 2x = 24 para cada una de las dos especies. Adicionalmente, se realizó un análisis por citometría de flujo, en el cual se detectó variación en el contenido de ADN nuclear en P. peruviana con 2,33 pg para el genotipo 2n = 24 y entre 5,77 y 8,12 pg para los genotipos 2n = 48. En P. floridana el contenido de ADN fue 2,29 pg para el genotipo con número cromosómico 2n = 24 y 4,03 pg para el genotipo 2n = 48. Se encontró un efecto significativo (α = 0,01) del número de cromosomas sobre el contenido de ADN nuclear para las dos especies.

Kombu seaweed (Laminaria ochroleuca) was preserved by refrigeration at 5 °C (control), by high pressure processing (HPP) at 400 or 600 MPa for 5 min followed by refrigeration at 5 °C, or by freezing at −24 °C. Those treatments were applied to both unsalted and salted kombu samples, which were stored for 180 days. One hundred three compounds belonging to 16 chemical groups were identified in the volatile fraction of kombu. Groups including the highest number of volatile compounds were alcohols (24), aldehydes (13), ketones (10), alkanes (9), haloalkanes (9), alkenes (8) and acids (7). HPP lowered the levels of acids, aldehydes, ketones, lactones + ionones, pyranones and terpenes + terpenoids, and increased alkenes and furans. Freezing lowered the levels of alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, pyranones and terpenes + terpenoids, and increased aldehydes, haloalkanes and thiazoles. Salting lowered the levels of pyranones, and increased acids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, furans, haloalkanes, lactones + ionones and thiazoles. Control kombu odour acceptance fell below rejection level on day 60 while HPP-treated kombu showed the highest odour acceptance until day 180. Frozen kombu exhibited abnormal odours whereas salted kombu maintained acceptable odour characteristics. Principal component analysis associated the most relevant groups of volatile compounds with kombu microbiological and sensory characteristics.

Objectives: Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) are considered excellent restorative materials with unique therapeutic and anti-cariogenic activity. However, concerns exist regarding the use of polyacrylic acid as a dentine conditioner as it may influence the bonding performance of RMGIC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different protocols for cycling mechanical stress on the bond durability and interfacial ultramorphology of a modern RMGIC applied to dentine pre-treated with/without polyacrylic acid conditioner (PAA). Methods: The RMGIC was applied onto human dentine specimens prepared with silicon-carbide (SiC) abrasive paper with or without the use of a PAA conditioner. The specimens were immersed in deionised water for 24 h then divided in 3 groups. The first group was cut into matchsticks (cross-sectional area of 0.9 mm2) and tested immediately for microtensile bond strength (MTBS). The second was first subjected to load cycling (250,000 cycles, 3 Hz, 70 N) and then cut into matchsticks and tested for MTBS. The third group was subjected to load cycling (250,000 cycles, 70 N), cut into matchsticks, and then immersed for 8 months storage in artificial saliva (AS), these were finally tested for MTBS. The results were analysed statistically using two-way ANOVA and the Student–Newman–Keuls test (α = 0.05). Fractographic analysis was performed using FE-SEM, while further RMCGIC-bonded dentine specimens were aged as previously described and used for interfacial ultramorphology characterisation (dye nanoleakage) using confocal microscopy. Results: The RMGIC applied onto dentine that received no pre-treatment (10% PAA gel) showed no significant reduction in MTBS after load cycling followed by 8 months of storage in AS (p &gt, 0.05). The RMGIC–dentine interface created in PAA-conditioned SiC-abraded dentine specimens showed no sign of degradation, but with porosities within the bonding interface both after load cycling and after 8 months of storage in AS. Conversely, the RMGIC–dentine interface of the specimens with no PAA pre-treatment showed no sign of porosity within the interface after any of the aging protocols, although some bonded-dentine interfaces presented cohesive cracks within the cement after prolonged AS storage. However, the specimens of this group showed no significant reduction in bond strength (p &lt, 0.05) after 8 months of storage in AS or load cycling (p &gt, 0.05). After prolonged AS storage, the bond strength value attained in RMGIC–dentine specimens created in PAA pre-treated dentine were significantly higher than those observed in the specimens created with no PAA pre-treatment in dentine. Conclusions: PAA conditioning of dentine prior to application of RMGIC induces no substantial effect on the bond strength after short-term storage, but its use may increase the risk of collagen degradation at the bonding interface after prolonged aging. Modern RMGIC applied without PAA dentine pre-treatment may have greater therapeutic synergy with saliva during cycle occlusal load, thereby enhancing the remineralisation and protection of the bonding interface.

Italian authorities reported in 2010 that mozzarella imported from Germany turned blue after opening the package. The “blue mozzarella” defect was associated with Pseudomonas fluorescens strains contaminating processing water in some dairy plants. Afterwards, similar episodes occurred in various European countries and the USA, all characterized by the development of an intense blue discoloration on the surface of fresh cheeses when exposed to air. Recent research on the presumptive causal microorganisms and the metabolites associated with the blue discoloration has contributed to elucidate the bacterial species and pigments responsible for this particular type of spoilage. Quorum sensing mechanisms may induce the production of blue pigment and free aromatic amino acids may enhance its biosynthesis. Physicochemical characteristics of fresh cheeses favorable for growth of psychrotrophic bacteria and long shelf life periods demanded by large supermarket chains contribute to explain the increasing incidence of blue discoloration. Appropriate cleaning and disinfection programs and addition of pepsin-digested lactoferrin are of great help in solving the problem.

The microbiota of eight species (Chondrus crispus, Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria ochroleuca, Palmaria palmata, Porphyra umbilicalis, Saccharina latissima, Ulva lactuca and Undaria pinnatifida) of edible seaweeds collected in North West Spain, marketed as dehydrated product, was quantitatively determined on nine solid media. Representative colonies were selected from solid culture media. The isolated microorganisms were identified by means of morphological characteristics, 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical tests. U. pinnatifida was the seaweed species showing the most abundant microbial population, with counts on Marine agar up to 7.7 log cfu/g in individual samples and 5.0 log cfu/g as the mean value, and counts of coliforms up to 4.6 log cfu/g in individual samples and 2.4 log cfu/g as the mean value. The 225 identified bacterial isolates belonged to 11 families, 27 genera and 56 species. Bacillaceae was the family accounting for the highest number of isolates (111) followed by Enterobacteriaceae (60), Bacillales Family XII Incertae Sedis (20), Planococcaceae (11), Moraxellaceae (7), Paenibacillaceae (5) and Pseudomonadaceae (5). Bacterial species showing the highest occurrence in dehydrated seaweeds were Bacillus megaterium, B. licheniformis, Pantoea sp. and termoresistant Pantoea sp. Four of the Bacillus species isolated from dehydrated seaweeds (B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus and B. subtilis) are among those containing strains considered to be foodborne pathogens and nine of the isolated non-Bacillales bacterial species have been reported to contain human opportunistic pathogenic strains.

The effect of high pressure processing (HPP) at 600 MPa and refrigerated storage for 5 months on the volatile fraction of 30 Iberian dry-cured hams of different compositional characteristics was investigated. Compositional characteristics significantly influenced 11 compounds (3 alcohols, 3 carboxylic acids, 2 alkanes, 2 benzene compounds and 1 aldehyde) out of the 116 compounds identified in the volatile fraction of Iberian ham. HPP treatment had a significant effect on 34 volatile compounds, with higher levels of 11 compounds and lower levels of 23 compounds in HPP-treated samples than in control samples. Refrigerated storage for 5 months significantly influenced the levels of 75 compounds, 25 of which appeared or increased while 50 disappeared or decreased. During that period, the total abundance of volatile compounds decreased by 5.1% in control ham and 1.3% in HPP-treated ham. Iberian ham commercial shelf life should be limited to maintain its sensory characteristics. Industrial relevance HPP treatment and refrigerated storage of dry-cured ham are advantageous industrial and commercial procedures. In the particular case of Iberian ham, both HPP and refrigerated storage brought about a decrease in the total levels of volatile compounds. Therefore, adequate HPP treatment conditions and commercial shelf life should be cautiously set in order to safeguard the unique odor and aroma characteristics of Iberian ham.

Supplementation of dairy products with non-dairy ingredients with the aim of increasing the concentration of particular nutrients is a common industrial practice. In the present study, a semi-hard cheese was supplemented with each of five seaweeds (Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria ochroleuca, Porphyra umbilicalis, Ulva lactuca, Undaria pinnatifida). Addition of 10 g of dehydrated seaweed per kg of curd caused significant differences in dry matter and pH value, but it hardly influenced cheese microbiota. Antioxidant activity, which was correlated with total phenolic compounds, was significantly higher in cheese supplemented with H. elongata than in control cheese. Instrumental colour and texture parameters of cheese varied significantly with the added seaweed species. Cheeses supplemented with H. elongata, U. pinnatifida and L. ochroleuca received odour and flavour quality scores from panellists that did not differ from those of the respective control cheese until day 60 and were associated with low seaweed odour and flavour scores.