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29. Social-specific impairment of negative emotion perception in alexithymia.

Author

Wang, Zhihao, Goerlich, Katharina S, Luo, Yue-jia, Xu, Pengfei, and Aleman, André

Subjects
EMOTION recognition, ALEXITHYMIA, CINGULATE cortex, SOCIAL perception, EMOTION regulation, SOCIAL processes
Abstract

Alexithymia has been characterized as an impaired ability of emotion processing and regulation. The definition of alexithymia does not include a social component. However, there is some evidence that social cognition may be compromised in individuals with alexithymia. Hence, emotional impairments associated with alexithymia may extend to socially relevant information. Here, we recorded electrophysiological responses of individuals meeting the clinically relevant cutoff for alexithymia (ALEX; n  = 24) and individuals without alexithymia (NonALEX; n  = 23) while they viewed affective scenes that varied on the dimensions of sociality and emotional valence during a rapid serial visual presentation task. We found that ALEX exhibited lower accuracy and larger N2 than NonALEX in the perception of social negative scenes. Source reconstruction revealed that the group difference in N2 was localized at the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Irrespective of emotional valence, ALEX showed stronger alpha power than NonALEX in social but not non-social conditions. Our findings support the hypothesis of social processing being selectively affected by alexithymia, especially for stimuli with negative valence. Electrophysiological evidence suggests altered deployment of attentional resources in the perception of social-specific emotional information in alexithymia. This work sheds light on the neuropsychopathology of alexithymia and alexithymia-related disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. Stage effects of negative emotion on spatial and verbal working memory

Author

Chan Raymond CK, Li Xuebing, and Luo Yue-jia

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Abstract Background The effects of negative emotion on different processing periods in spatial and verbal working memory (WM) and the possible brain mechanism of the interaction between negative emotion and WM were explored using a high-time resolution event-related potential (ERP) technique and time-locked delayed matching-to-sample task (DMST). Results Early P3b and late P3b were reduced in the negative emotion condition for both the spatial and verbal tasks at encoding. At retention, the sustained negative slow wave (NSW) showed a significant interaction between emotional state and task type. Spatial trials in the negative emotion condition elicited a more negative deflection than they did in the neutral emotion condition. However, no such effect was observed for the verbal tasks. At retrieval, early P3b and late P3b were markedly more attenuated in the negative emotion condition than in the neutral emotion condition for both the spatial and verbal tasks. Conclusions The results indicate that the differential effects of negative emotion on spatial and verbal WM mainly take place during information maintenance processing, which implies that there is a systematic association between specific affects (e.g., negative emotion) and certain cognitive processes (e.g., spatial retention).

Published
2010
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34. Overview of Social Neuroscience

Author

Zhang Dandan, Liu YunZhe, and Luo Yue-Jia

Subjects
Cognitive science, Social neuroscience, Social cognition, Motor cognition, Pharmacology (medical), Social competence, Social identity approach, Social learning, Psychology, Social psychology, Mechanism (sociology), Social relation
Abstract

Complex social environments are the primary selective pressure for the human brain. Mankind must evolve specialized brain networks to rapidly process social information (e.g., identification of social signals). However, the exact cognition mechanisms remain unclear. Social neuroscience is the burgeoning field that studies social behavior and underlying neural structures by applying an interdisciplinary, multilevel analysis. It has been fruitful and contributed to fields ranging from psychiatry to economics since its first appearance as a term in 1992. In this article, we systematically review four major aspects of social neuroscience: social perception, cognition, regulation and interaction. Based on that empirical evidence, we try to answer each core question of sub-domains: Is there any specialization for social perception? Is social cognition unique to humans? Is social regulation ability universal or sensitive to individual difference? We conclude that social perception is at least functionally specialized; the mentalizing system is unique to humans and social regulation ability is sensitive to individual difference. Besides, the brain-to-brain coupling may be the core mechanism of social interaction. Finally, based on the present studies and emerging techniques, we point out two broad directions for future research.

Published
2014
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