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6. Whole genome sequencing of Ethiopian highlanders reveals conserved hypoxia tolerance genes.

Author

Udpa, Nitin, Ronen, Roy, Zhou, Dan, Liang, Junbin, Stobdan, Tsering, Appenzeller, Otto, Yin, Ye, Du, Yuanping, Guo, Lixia, Cao, Rui, Wang, Yu, Jin, Xin, Huang, Chen, Jia, Wenlong, Cao, Dandan, Guo, Guangwu, Claydon, Victoria E, Hainsworth, Roger, Gamboa, Jorge L, Zibenigus, Mehila, Zenebe, Guta, Xue, Jin, Liu, Siqi, Frazer, Kelly A, Li, Yingrui, Bafna, Vineet, and Haddad, Gabriel G

Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Animals, Humans, Drosophila, Oxygen, Genetics, Population, Altitude, Acclimatization, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome, Human, Ethnic Groups, Ethiopia, Genetic Variation, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Hypoxia, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Genetics, Population, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome, Bioinformatics, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Information and Computing Sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough it has long been proposed that genetic factors contribute to adaptation to high altitude, such factors remain largely unverified. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing have made it feasible to analyze genome-wide patterns of genetic variation in human populations. Since traditionally such studies surveyed only a small fraction of the genome, interpretation of the results was limited.ResultsWe report here the results of the first whole genome resequencing-based analysis identifying genes that likely modulate high altitude adaptation in native Ethiopians residing at 3,500 m above sea level on Bale Plateau or Chennek field in Ethiopia. Using cross-population tests of selection, we identify regions with a significant loss of diversity, indicative of a selective sweep. We focus on a 208 kbp gene-rich region on chromosome 19, which is significant in both of the Ethiopian subpopulations sampled. This region contains eight protein-coding genes and spans 135 SNPs. To elucidate its potential role in hypoxia tolerance, we experimentally tested whether individual genes from the region affect hypoxia tolerance in Drosophila. Three genes significantly impact survival rates in low oxygen: cic, an ortholog of human CIC, Hsl, an ortholog of human LIPE, and Paf-AHα, an ortholog of human PAFAH1B3.ConclusionsOur study reveals evolutionarily conserved genes that modulate hypoxia tolerance. In addition, we show that many of our results would likely be unattainable using data from exome sequencing or microarray studies. This highlights the importance of whole genome sequencing for investigating adaptation by natural selection.

Published
2014

8. S272: SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF RM-001 IN PATIENTS WITH TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT Β-THALASSEMIA: EARLY RESULTS FROM THE ONGOING OF AUTOLOGOUS HBG1/2 PROMOTER-MODIFIED CD34+ HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS

Author

Liu, Rongrong, primary, Wang, LI, additional, Xu, Hui, additional, Yin, Xiaolin, additional, Liang, Junbin, additional, Xie, Wenqiang, additional, Yang, Gaohui, additional, LI, Yaoyun, additional, Zhou, Yali, additional, Shi, Lei, additional, Xiao, Bin, additional, Shi, Lingling, additional, Shi, Zeyan, additional, Zhou, Xuemei, additional, Fang, Jianpei, additional, Xu, Xiangmin, additional, Lai, Yongrong, additional, Huang, Junjiu, additional, and Zhang, Xinhua, additional

Published
2023
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10. Whole-Genome Sequencing Uncovers the Genetic Basis of Chronic Mountain Sickness in Andean Highlanders

Author

Zhou, Dan, Udpa, Nitin, Ronen, Roy, Stobdan, Tsering, Liang, Junbin, Appenzeller, Otto, Zhao, Huiwen W, Yin, Yi, Du, Yuanping, Guo, Lixia, Cao, Rui, Wang, Yu, Jin, Xin, Huang, Chen, Jia, Wenlong, Cao, Dandan, Guo, Guangwu, Gamboa, Jorge L, Villafuerte, Francisco, Callacondo, David, Xue, Jin, Liu, Siqi, Frazer, Kelly A, Li, Yingrui, Bafna, Vineet, and Haddad, Gabriel G

Subjects
Genetics, Human Genome, Biotechnology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adult, Altitude Sickness, Animals, Chronic Disease, Down-Regulation, Drosophila melanogaster, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics, Population, Genome, Human, Genomics, Humans, Hypoxia, Male, Peru, Reproducibility of Results, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Survival Analysis, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

The hypoxic conditions at high altitudes present a challenge for survival, causing pressure for adaptation. Interestingly, many high-altitude denizens (particularly in the Andes) are maladapted, with a condition known as chronic mountain sickness (CMS) or Monge disease. To decode the genetic basis of this disease, we sequenced and compared the whole genomes of 20 Andean subjects (10 with CMS and 10 without). We discovered 11 regions genome-wide with significant differences in haplotype frequencies consistent with selective sweeps. In these regions, two genes (an erythropoiesis regulator, SENP1, and an oncogene, ANP32D) had a higher transcriptional response to hypoxia in individuals with CMS relative to those without. We further found that downregulating the orthologs of these genes in flies dramatically enhanced survival rates under hypoxia, demonstrating that suppression of SENP1 and ANP32D plays an essential role in hypoxia tolerance. Our study provides an unbiased framework to identify and validate the genetic basis of adaptation to high altitudes and identifies potentially targetable mechanisms for CMS treatment.

Published
2013

14. Preliminary Result of the Safety and Efficacy of Autologous HBG1/2 Promoter-Modified CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (RM-001) in Transfusion-Dependent Βeta-Thalassemia

Author

Liu, Rongrong, primary, Xu, Hui, additional, Liang, Junbin, additional, Xie, Wenqiang, additional, Yang, Gaohui, additional, Shi, Lei, additional, Shi, Lingling, additional, Fang, Jianpei, additional, Li, Chunfu, additional, Shi, Zeyan, additional, Zhou, Xuemei, additional, Huang, Junjiu, additional, and Lai, Yongrong, additional

Published
2022
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15. Joint Deployment Optimization of Parallelized SFCs and BVNFs in Multi-Access Edge Computing.

Author

Han, Ying, Liang, Junbin, and Lin, Yun

Subjects
EDGE computing, APPROXIMATION algorithms, ALGORITHMS
Abstract

In multi-access edge computing (MEC) networks, parallelized service function chains (P-SFCs) can provide low-delay network services for mobile users by deploying virtualized network functions (VNFs) to process user requests in parallel. These VNFs are unreliable due to software faults and server failures. A practical way to address this is to deploy idle backup VNFs (BVNFs) near these active VNFs and activate them when active VNFs fail. However, deploying BVNFs preempts server resources and decreases the number of accepted user requests. Thus, this paper proposes a reliability enhancement approach that uses BVNFs satisfying the delay requirement as active VNFs to form P-SFCs, which contributes to the delay reduction and reliability enhancement. Since the resource capacities of edge servers can only deploy a certain number of P-SFCs and BVNFs, establishing how to deploy the minimum number of P-SFCs and BVNFs to satisfy the delay and reliability requirements of mobile users and maximize the number of accepted user requests is a challenging problem. In this paper, we first model the dynamics of delay and reliability caused by VNF parallelization and BVNFs deployment, then formulate the joint deployment problem of P-SFCs and BVNFs. Next, we design an approximation algorithm to deploy critical VNFs and BVNFs on a target edge server and schedule the data traffic of user requests processed by P-SFCs. Experimental results based on real-world datasets show that our proposed algorithm outperforms two benchmark algorithms in terms of throughput, delay, reliability, and resource utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. Germline mutations in 40 cancer susceptibility genes among Chinese patients with high hereditary risk breast cancer

Author

Yi Zhang, Yan Xu, Chong-Jian Chen, Jianjun He, Fuguo Tian, Jianguo Zhang, Fan Zhang, Rui Ling, Xinhua Yang, Liang Junbin, Xiangjun Cai, Yuan Sheng, Jiang-Hua Ou, Rui-Shan Zhang, Jing BoLi, Ai-Hua Guan, Hengyu Li, Ping Shuai, Hongchuan Jiang, Weiwei Huang, Hong Xu, Zhenzhen Liu, Baoliang Guo, Minghao Wang, Qinwen Pan, Qi Xiaowei, Junyan Li, Jing Ruilin, Jun Jiang, Xuan Zhaoling, Hongyi Wei, Jia Ming, Chun-Yan Hu, Ling Zhong, Linjun Fan, Li Chen, Xuanni Tan, Zhen Zeng, Ning Liao, Haoxi Liu, Ke Liu, Liu Jian, Ting Zhang, Lizhi Ouyang, Weihua Jiang, and Yu Ren

Subjects
Genetics, Cancer Research, Mutation rate, endocrine system diseases, PALB2, Biology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, BARD1, Hereditary Diseases, medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Gene, CHEK2
Abstract

Multigene panel testing of breast cancer predisposition genes have been extensively conducted in Europe and America, which is relatively rare in Asia however. In this study, we assessed the frequency of germline mutations in 40 cancer predisposition genes, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, among a large cohort of Chinese patients with high hereditary risk of BC. From 2015 to 2016, consecutive BC patients from 26 centers of China with high hereditary risk were recruited (n = 937). Clinical information was collected and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using blood samples of participants to identify germline mutations. In total, we acquired 223 patients with putative germline mutations, including 159 in BRCA1/2, 61 in 15 other BC susceptibility genes and 3 in both BRCA1/2 and non-BRCA1/2 gene. Major mutant non-BRCA1/2 genes were TP53 (n = 18), PALB2 (n = 11), CHEK2 (n = 6), ATM (n = 6) and BARD1 (n = 5). No factors predicted pathologic mutations in non-BRCA1/2 genes when treated as a whole. TP53 mutations were associated with HER-2 positive BC and younger age at diagnosis; and CHEK2 and PALB2 mutations were enriched in patients with luminal BC. Among high hereditary risk Chinese BC patients, 23.8% contained germline mutations, including 6.8% in non-BRCA1/2 genes. TP53 and PALB2 had a relatively high mutation rate (1.9 and 1.2%). Although no factors predicted for detrimental mutations in non-BRCA1/2 genes, some clinical features were associated with mutations of several particular genes.

Published
2018

23. Xist-dependent imprinted X inactivation and the early developmental consequences of its failure

Author

Chong-Jian Chen, Nicolas Servant, Maud Borensztein, Katia Ancelin, Rafael Galupa, Christel Picard, Tao Liu, Laurène Syx, Patricia Diabangouaya, Azim Surani, Liang Junbin, Ivaylo Vassilev, Edith Heard, Emmanuel Barillot, Borensztein, Maud [0000-0002-4378-5018], Surani, Azim [0000-0002-8640-4318], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Time Factors, X Chromosome, Embryonic Development, Biology, Article, X-inactivation, Gene Knockout Techniques, Genomic Imprinting, 03 medical and health sciences, Genes, X-Linked, X Chromosome Inactivation, Structural Biology, Dosage Compensation, Genetic, Animals, Embryo Implantation, Gene Silencing, Epigenetics, Molecular Biology, Alleles, X chromosome, Regulation of gene expression, Genetics, Dosage compensation, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Differentiation, Embryo, Mammalian, Long non-coding RNA, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Kinetics, Blastocyst, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Female, RNA, Long Noncoding, XIST, Single-Cell Analysis, Genomic imprinting
Abstract

The long noncoding RNA Xist is expressed from only the paternal X chromosome in mouse preimplantation female embryos and mediates transcriptional silencing of that chromosome. In females, absence of Xist leads to postimplantation lethality. Here, through single-cell RNA sequencing of early preimplantation mouse embryos, we found that the initiation of imprinted X-chromosome inactivation absolutely requires Xist. Lack of paternal Xist leads to genome-wide transcriptional misregulation in the early blastocyst and to failure to activate the extraembryonic pathway that is essential for postimplantation development. We also demonstrate that the expression dynamics of X-linked genes depends on the strain and parent of origin as well as on the location along the X chromosome, particularly at the first 'entry' sites of Xist. This study demonstrates that dosage-compensation failure has an effect as early as the blastocyst stage and reveals genetic and epigenetic contributions to orchestrating transcriptional silencing of the X chromosome during early embryogenesis.

Published
2017

24. Mutational spectrum and risk stratification of intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients based on next-generation sequencing

Author

Liu Yangyang, Chong-Jian Chen, Hou Guangyuan, Yonghui Li, Xiao-Ning Gao, Li-Ping Dou, Liang Junbin, Wang Xiuli, Yuan-Yuan Xu, Yu Jing, Xiang-Shu Jin, Na Lv, Li Wang, Yihan Xu, Xuan Zhaoling, Li-Li Wang, Hong-Hua Li, Bianhong Wang, Li Yu, and Ailing Deng

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog, Male, DNA Mutational Analysis, risk stratification, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype-phenotype distinction, Risk Factors, hemic and lymphatic diseases, CEBPA, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Gene Regulatory Networks, Precision Medicine, Child, Genetics, intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia, next generation sequencing, Aged, 80 and over, Mutation, Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic, Myeloid leukemia, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Gene Fusion, Nucleophosmin, Research Paper, Adult, NPM1, Adolescent, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, 030104 developmental biology, mutational screening and analysis, business, K562 Cells
Abstract

Intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (IR-AML), which accounts for a substantial number of AML cases, is highly heterogeneous. Although several mutations have been identified, the heterogeneity of AML is uncertain because novel mutations have yet to be discovered. Here we applied next generation sequencing (NGS) platform to screen mutational hotspots in 410 genes relevant to hematological malignancy. IR-AML samples (N=95) were sequenced by Illumina Hiseq and mutations in 101 genes were identified. Only seven genes (CEBPA, NPM1, DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, NRAS, IDH2 and WT1) were mutated in more than 10% of patients. Genetic interaction analysis identified several cooperative and exclusive patterns of overlapping mutations. Mutational analysis indicated some correlation between genotype and phenotype. FLT3-ITD mutations were identified as independent factors of poor prognosis, while CEBPA mutations were independent favorable factors. Co-occurrence of FLT3-ITD, NPM1 and DNMT3A mutations was identified with associated with specific clinical AML features and poor outcomes. Furthermore, by integrating multiple mutations in the survival analysis, 95 IR-AML patients could be stratified into three distinct risk groups allowing reductions in IR-AML by one-third. Our study offers deep insights into the molecular pathogenesis and biology of AML and indicated that the prognosis of IR-AML could be further stratified by different mutation combinations which may direct future treatment intervention.

Published
2016

25. Multicenter cross‑sectional screening of the BRCA gene for Chinese high hereditary risk breast cancer populations

Author

Zhenzhen Liu, Hong Xu, Jian Liu, Rui-Shan Zhang, Jun Jiang, Fan Zhang, Weiwei Huang, Jia Ming, Xuanni Tan, Zhen Zeng, Ning Liao, Rui Ling, Qinwen Pan, Xinhua Yang, Minghao Wang, Weihua Jiang, Yuan Sheng, Liang Junbin, Yu Ren, Jiang-Hua Ou, Linjun Fan, Xiangjun Cai, Jing Ruilin, Jianguo Zhang, Yi Zhang, Chun-Yan Hu, Meng Zhang, Ling Zhong, Jianjun He, Fuguo Tian, Hengyu Li, Hongyi Wei, Yan Xu, Ping Shuai, Changqing Wang, Li Chen, Baoliang Guo, Xuan Zhaoling, Jingbo Li, Chong-Jian Chen, Ting Zhang, Lizhi Ouyang, Ai-Hua Guan, and Hongchuan Jiang

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Mutation rate, endocrine system diseases, business.industry, BRCA mutation, Cancer, Articles, 030105 genetics & heredity, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Mutation (genetic algorithm), medicine, Family history, skin and connective tissue diseases, Ovarian cancer, business, Geographic difference
Abstract

Due to lack of systematic reviews, BRCA, DNA Repair Associated (BRCA) mutations in the Chinese population are not completely understood. The following study investigates the prevalence and type of BRCA mutations in Chinese patients with high hereditary risk of breast cancer (BC). Patients Drwere recruited from 14 cities between October 2015 and February 2016, and were selected based on family and personal medical history. BRCA mutations were analyzed by collecting blood samples from all participants. 437 BC patients were included. A total of seventy-six (17.4%) mutation carriers were identified with no geographic difference. The mutation rate in the early-onset BC patients was lower compared to family history of breast/ovarian cancer (OC), bilateral BC, male BC, BC&OC or meeting ≥2 criteria (9.2 vs. 21.7, 24.0, 22.2, 16.7 and 24.3%, respectively, P=0.007). A total of 61 mutation sites were identified (BRCA1 32, BRCA2 29) including 47.5% novel sites and extra 10 variants of uncertain significance. A total of five sites were repeated in more than one unrelated patient. A total of 11 sites were associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, two of which were confirmed by family pedigrees. Compared with BRCA− patients, patients with BRCA1 mutation tended to be triple-negative BC (P

Published
2018

26. Identification of a de novo fetal variant in osteogenesis imperfecta by targeted sequencing-based noninvasive prenatal testing

Author

Chong-Jian Chen, Du Yang, Xuan Zhaoling, Han Zhang, Wang Zhandong, Liang Junbin, Xiuju Yin, Xiaohong Zhang, Xin-Xin Fu, Juan Wang, and Yaoyao Cui

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Aneuploidy, Locus (genetics), Prenatal diagnosis, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Collagen Type I, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Fetus, Prenatal Diagnosis, Genotype, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genotyping, Genetics (clinical), Sanger sequencing, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Osteogenesis Imperfecta, medicine.disease, Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain, 030104 developmental biology, Cell-free fetal DNA, symbols, Female
Abstract

Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), which involves analysis of circulating cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) from maternal plasma, is highly effective for detecting feto-placental chromosome aneuploidy. However, recent studies suggested that coverage-based shallow-depth NIPT cannot accurately detect smaller single or multi-loci genetic variants. To assess the fetal genotype of any locus using maternal plasma, we developed a novel genotyping algorithm named pseudo tetraploid genotyping (PTG). We performed paired-end captured sequencing of the plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA), in which case a phenotypically healthy woman is suspected to be carrying a fetus with genetic defect. After a series of independent filtering of 111,407 SNPs, we found one variant in COL1A1 graded with high pathogenic potential which might cause osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Then, we verified this mutation by Sanger sequencing of fetal and parental blood cells. In addition, we evaluated the accuracy and detection rate of the PTG algorithm through direct sequencing of the genomic DNA from maternal and fetal blood cells. Collectively, our study developed an intuitive and cost-effective method for the noninvasive detection of pathogenic mutations, and successfully identified a de novo variant in COL1A1 (c.2596 G > A, p.Gly866Ser) in the fetus implicated in OI.

Published
2018

33. Multicenter cross‑sectional screening of the BRCA gene for Chinese high hereditary risk breast cancer populations

Author

Wei, Hongyi, primary, Wang, Minghao, additional, Ou, Jianghua, additional, Jiang, Weihua, additional, Tian, Fuguo, additional, Sheng, Yuan, additional, Li, Hengyu, additional, Xu, Hong, additional, Zhang, Ruishan, additional, Guan, Aihua, additional, Wang, Changqing�, additional, Jiang, Hongchuan, additional, Ren, Yu�, additional, He, Jianjun, additional, Liu, Jian, additional, Huang, Weiwei, additional, Liao, Ning, additional, Cai, Xiangjun, additional, Ming, Jia, additional, Ling, Rui, additional, Xu, Yan, additional, Hu, Chunyan, additional, Zhang, Jianguo, additional, Guo, Baoliang, additional, Ouyang, Lizhi, additional, Shuai, Ping, additional, Liu, Zhenzhen, additional, Zhong, Ling, additional, Jing, Ruilin, additional, Zeng, Zhen, additional, Zhang, Meng, additional, Zhang, Ting, additional, Xuan, Zhaoling, additional, Tan, Xuanni, additional, Liang, Junbin, additional, Pan, Qinwen, additional, Chen, Li, additional, Zhang, Fan, additional, Fan, Linjun, additional, and Zhang, Yi, additional

Published
2018
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37. Statistical Approach to Decreasing the Error Rate of Noninvasive Prenatal Aneuploid Detection caused by Maternal Copy Number Variation

Author

Hua Yang, Chong-Jian Chen, Yuan Wei, Chen Yang, Ling Fan, Han Zhang, Li Dawei, Jing Song, Jie Qiao, Xuan Zhaoling, Liang Junbin, Yangyu Zhao, Pengbo Yuan, Mei-Ling Zheng, Qiying Zhu, and Yang Yu

Subjects
Adult, Down syndrome, DNA Copy Number Variations, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, False positives and false negatives, Aneuploidy, Trisomy, Prenatal diagnosis, Biology, Bioinformatics, Article, Fetus, Pregnancy, Gene Duplication, Prenatal Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Copy-number variation, Multidisciplinary, Massive parallel sequencing, medicine.disease, Karyotyping, Female, Down Syndrome, Chromosome 21, Algorithms
Abstract

Analyses of cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) from maternal plasma using massively parallel sequencing enable the noninvasive detection of feto-placental chromosome aneuploidy; this technique has been widely used in clinics worldwide. Noninvasive prenatal tests (NIPT) based on cff-DNA have achieved very high accuracy; however, they suffer from maternal copy-number variations (CNV) that may cause false positives and false negatives. In this study, we developed an algorithm to exclude the effect of maternal CNV and refined the Z-score that is used to determine fetal aneuploidy. The simulation results showed that the algorithm is robust against variations of fetal concentration and maternal CNV size. We also introduced a method based on the discrepancy between feto-placental concentrations to help reduce the false-positive ratio. A total of 6615 pregnant women were enrolled in a prospective study to validate the accuracy of our method. All 106 fetuses with T21, 20 with T18 and three with T13 were tested using our method, with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 99.97%. In the results, two cases with maternal duplications in chromosome 21, which were falsely predicted as T21 by the previous NIPT method, were correctly classified as normal by our algorithm, which demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach.

Published
2015

41. Mutational spectrum and risk stratification of intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients based on next-generation sequencing

Author

Wang, Bianhong, primary, Liu, Yangyang, additional, Hou, Guangyuan, additional, Wang, Lili, additional, Lv, Na, additional, Xu, Yuanyuan, additional, Xu, Yihan, additional, Wang, Xiuli, additional, Xuan, Zhaoling, additional, Jing, Yu, additional, Li, Honghua, additional, Jin, Xiangshu, additional, Deng, Ailing, additional, Wang, Li, additional, Gao, Xiaoning, additional, Dou, Liping, additional, Liang, Junbin, additional, Chen, Chongjian, additional, Li, Yonghui, additional, and Yu, Li, additional

Published
2016
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42. A Comparative Study on Two Typical Schemes for Securing Spatial-Temporal Top-k Queries in·Two-Tiered Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks.

Author

Ma, Xingpo, Liu, Xingjian, Liang, Junbin, Li, Yin, Li, Ran, Ma, Wenpeng, and Qi, Chuanda

Subjects
WIRELESS sensor networks, COMPUTING platforms, WIRELESS sensor nodes, WIRELESS sensor network access control, MACHINE design, DETECTORS, EDUCATION
Abstract

A novel network paradigm of mobile edge computing, namely TMWSNs (two-tiered mobile wireless sensor networks), has just been proposed by researchers in recent years for its high scalability and robustness. However, only a few works have considered the security of TMWSNs. In fact, the storage nodes, which are located at the upper layer of TMWSNs, are prone to being attacked by the adversaries because they play a key role in bridging both the sensor nodes and the sink, which may lead to the disclosure of all data stored on them as well as some other potentially devastating results. In this paper, we make a comparative study on two typical schemes, EVTopk and VTMSN, which have been proposed recently for securing Top-k queries in TMWSNs, through both theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, aiming at finding out their disadvantages and advancements. We find that both schemes unsatisfactorily raise communication costs. Specifically, the extra communication cost brought about by transmitting the proof information uses up more than 40% of the total communication cost between the sensor nodes and the storage nodes, and 80% of that between the storage nodes and the sink. We discuss the corresponding reasons and present our suggestions, hoping that it will inspire the researchers researching this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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44. Genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis provides insight into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes susceptibility

Author

Mahajan, Anubha, Go, Min Jin, Zhang, Weihua, Below, Jennifer E, Gaulton, Kyle J, Ferreira, Teresa, Horikoshi, Momoko, Johnson, Andrew D, Ng, Maggie C Y, Prokopenko, Inga, Saleheen, Danish, Wang, Xu, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Adair, Linda S, Almgren, Peter, Atalay, Mustafa, Aung, Tin, Baldassarre, Damiano, Balkau, Beverley, Bao, Yuqian, Barnett, Anthony H, Barroso, Ines, Basit, Abdul, Been, Latonya F, Beilby, John, Bell, Graeme I, Benediktsson, Rafn, Bergman, Richard N, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Burtt, Noel, Cai, Qiuyin, Campbell, Harry, Carey, Jason, Cauchi, Stephane, Caulfield, Mark, Chan, Juliana C N, Chang, Li-Ching, Chang, Tien-Jyun, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Charpentier, Guillaume, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Chen, Han, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chia, Kee-Seng, Chidambaram, Manickam, Chines, Peter S, Cho, Nam H, Cho, Young Min, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Collins, Francis S, Cornelis, Marilyn C, Couper, David J, Crenshaw, Andrew T, van Dam, Rob M, Danesh, John, Das, Debashish, de Faire, Ulf, Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Dimas, Antigone S, Dina, Christian, Doney, Alex S F, Donnelly, Peter J, Dorkhan, Mozhgan, van Duijn, Cornelia, Dupuis, Josee, Edkins, Sarah, Elliott, Paul, Emilsson, Valur, Erbel, Raimund, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo, Jorge, Esko, Tonu, Eury, Elodie, Florez, Jose C, Fontanillas, Pierre, Forouhi, Nita G, Forsen, Tom, Fox, Caroline, Fraser, Ross M, Frayling, Timothy M, Froguel, Philippe, Frossard, Philippe, Gao, Yutang, Gertow, Karl, Gieger, Christian, Gigante, Bruna, Grallert, Harald, Grant, George B, Groop, Leif C, Groves, Christopher J, Grundberg, Elin, Guiducci, Candace, Hamsten, Anders, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hara, Kazuo, Hassanali, Neelam, Hattersley, Andrew T, Hayward, Caroline, Hedman, Asa K, Herder, Christian, Hofman, Albert, Holmen, Oddgeir L, Hovingh, Kees, Hreidarsson, Astradur B, Hu, Cheng, Hu, Frank B, Hui, Jennie, Humphries, Steve E, Hunt, Sarah E, Hunter, David J, Hveem, Kristian, Hydrie, Zafar I, Ikegami, Hiroshi, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Islam, Muhammed, Isomaa, Bo, Jackson, Anne U, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Alan, Jia, Weiping, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Jonsson, Anna, Jowett, Jeremy B M, Kadowaki, Takashi, Kang, Hyun Min, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kao, Wen Hong L, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kato, Norihiro, Katulanda, Prasad, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M, Kelly, Ann M, Khan, Hassan, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Kim, Sangsoo, Kim, Young Jin, Kinnunen, Leena, Klopp, Norman, Kong, Augustine, Korpi-Hyovalti, Eeva, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Kraft, Peter, Kravic, Jasmina, Kristensen, Malene M, Krithika, S, Kumar, Ashish, Kumate, Jesus, Kuusisto, Johanna, Kwak, Soo Heon, Laakso, Markku, Lagou, Vasiliki, Lakka, Timo A, Langenberg, Claudia, Langford, Cordelia, Lawrence, Robert, Leander, Karin, Lee, Jen-Mai, Lee, Nanette R, Li, Man, Li, Xinzhong, Li, Yun, Liang, Junbin, Liju, Samuel, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Lindholm, Eero, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jian Jun, Lobbens, Stephane, Long, Jirong, Loos, Ruth J F, Lu, Wei, Luan, Jian'an, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Ma, Ronald C W, Maeda, Shiro, Magi, Reedik, Mannisto, Satu, Matthews, David R, Meigs, James B, Melander, Olle, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Julia, Mirza, Ghazala, Mihailov, Evelin, Moebus, Susanne, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohlke, Karen L, Morris, Andrew D, Muhleisen, Thomas W, Muller-Nurasyid, Martina, Musk, Bill, Nakamura, Jiro, Nakashima, Eitaro, Navarro, Pau, Ng, Peng-Keat, Nica, Alexandra C, Nilsson, Peter M, Njolstad, Inger, Nothen, Markus M, Ohnaka, Keizo, Ong, Twee Hee, Owen, Katharine R, Palmer, Colin N A, Pankow, James S, Park, Kyong Soo, Parkin, Melissa, Pechlivanis, Sonali, Pedersen, Nancy L, Peltonen, Leena, Perry, John R B, Peters, Annette, Pinidiyapathirage, Janani M, Platou, Carl G P, Potter, Simon, Price, Jackie F, Qi, Lu, Radha, Venkatesan, Rallidis, Loukianos, Rasheed, Asif, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rauramaa, Rainer, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Rayner, N William, Rees, Simon D, Rehnberg, Emil, Ripatti, Samuli, Robertson, Neil, Roden, Michael, Rossin, Elizabeth J, Rudan, Igor, Rybin, Denis, Saaristo, Timo E, Salomaa, Veikko, Saltevo, Juha, Samuel, Maria, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Saramies, Jouko, Scott, James, Scott, Laura J, Scott, Robert A, Segre, Ayellet V, Sehmi, Joban, Sennblad, Bengt, Shah, Nabi, Shah, Sonia, Shera, A Samad, Shu, Xiao Ou, Shuldiner, Alan R, Sigurðsson, Gunnar, Sijbrands, Eric, Silveira, Angela, Sim, Xueling, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Small, Kerrin S, So, Wing Yee, Stancakova, Alena, Stefansson, Kari, Steinbach, Gerald, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen, Strawbridge, Rona J, Stringham, Heather M, Sun, Qi, Suo, Chen, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Takayanagi, Ryoichi, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Tay, Wan Ting, Teslovich, Tanya M, Thorand, Barbara, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tikkanen, Emmi, Trakalo, Joseph, Tremoli, Elena, Trip, Mieke D, Tsai, Fuu Jen, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Valladares-Salgado, Adan, Vedantam, Sailaja, Veglia, Fabrizio, Voight, Benjamin F, Wang, Congrong, Wareham, Nicholas J, Wennauer, Roman, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wilson, James F, Wiltshire, Steven, Winckler, Wendy, Wong, Tien Yin, Wood, Andrew R, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Wu, Ying, Yamamoto, Ken, Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Yang, Mingyu, Yengo, Loic, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Young, Robin, Zabaneh, Delilah, Zhang, Fan, Zhang, Rong, Zheng, Wei, Zimmet, Paul Z, Altshuler, David, Bowden, Donald W, Cho, Yoon Shin, Cox, Nancy J, Cruz, Miguel, Hanis, Craig L, Kooner, Jaspal, Lee, Jong-Young, Seielstad, Mark, Teo, Yik Ying, Boehnke, Michael, Parra, Esteban J, Chambers, John C, Tai, E Shyong, McCarthy, Mark I, Morris, Andrew P, Mahajan, Anubha, Go, Min Jin, Zhang, Weihua, Below, Jennifer E, Gaulton, Kyle J, Ferreira, Teresa, Horikoshi, Momoko, Johnson, Andrew D, Ng, Maggie C Y, Prokopenko, Inga, Saleheen, Danish, Wang, Xu, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Adair, Linda S, Almgren, Peter, Atalay, Mustafa, Aung, Tin, Baldassarre, Damiano, Balkau, Beverley, Bao, Yuqian, Barnett, Anthony H, Barroso, Ines, Basit, Abdul, Been, Latonya F, Beilby, John, Bell, Graeme I, Benediktsson, Rafn, Bergman, Richard N, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Burtt, Noel, Cai, Qiuyin, Campbell, Harry, Carey, Jason, Cauchi, Stephane, Caulfield, Mark, Chan, Juliana C N, Chang, Li-Ching, Chang, Tien-Jyun, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Charpentier, Guillaume, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Chen, Han, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chia, Kee-Seng, Chidambaram, Manickam, Chines, Peter S, Cho, Nam H, Cho, Young Min, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Collins, Francis S, Cornelis, Marilyn C, Couper, David J, Crenshaw, Andrew T, van Dam, Rob M, Danesh, John, Das, Debashish, de Faire, Ulf, Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Dimas, Antigone S, Dina, Christian, Doney, Alex S F, Donnelly, Peter J, Dorkhan, Mozhgan, van Duijn, Cornelia, Dupuis, Josee, Edkins, Sarah, Elliott, Paul, Emilsson, Valur, Erbel, Raimund, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo, Jorge, Esko, Tonu, Eury, Elodie, Florez, Jose C, Fontanillas, Pierre, Forouhi, Nita G, Forsen, Tom, Fox, Caroline, Fraser, Ross M, Frayling, Timothy M, Froguel, Philippe, Frossard, Philippe, Gao, Yutang, Gertow, Karl, Gieger, Christian, Gigante, Bruna, Grallert, Harald, Grant, George B, Groop, Leif C, Groves, Christopher J, Grundberg, Elin, Guiducci, Candace, Hamsten, Anders, Han, Bok-Ghee, Hara, Kazuo, Hassanali, Neelam, Hattersley, Andrew T, Hayward, Caroline, Hedman, Asa K, Herder, Christian, Hofman, Albert, Holmen, Oddgeir L, Hovingh, Kees, Hreidarsson, Astradur B, Hu, Cheng, Hu, Frank B, Hui, Jennie, Humphries, Steve E, Hunt, Sarah E, Hunter, David J, Hveem, Kristian, Hydrie, Zafar I, Ikegami, Hiroshi, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Islam, Muhammed, Isomaa, Bo, Jackson, Anne U, Jafar, Tazeen, James, Alan, Jia, Weiping, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Jonsson, Anna, Jowett, Jeremy B M, Kadowaki, Takashi, Kang, Hyun Min, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kao, Wen Hong L, Kathiresan, Sekar, Kato, Norihiro, Katulanda, Prasad, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M, Kelly, Ann M, Khan, Hassan, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Kim, Sangsoo, Kim, Young Jin, Kinnunen, Leena, Klopp, Norman, Kong, Augustine, Korpi-Hyovalti, Eeva, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Kraft, Peter, Kravic, Jasmina, Kristensen, Malene M, Krithika, S, Kumar, Ashish, Kumate, Jesus, Kuusisto, Johanna, Kwak, Soo Heon, Laakso, Markku, Lagou, Vasiliki, Lakka, Timo A, Langenberg, Claudia, Langford, Cordelia, Lawrence, Robert, Leander, Karin, Lee, Jen-Mai, Lee, Nanette R, Li, Man, Li, Xinzhong, Li, Yun, Liang, Junbin, Liju, Samuel, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Lindholm, Eero, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jian Jun, Lobbens, Stephane, Long, Jirong, Loos, Ruth J F, Lu, Wei, Luan, Jian'an, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Ma, Ronald C W, Maeda, Shiro, Magi, Reedik, Mannisto, Satu, Matthews, David R, Meigs, James B, Melander, Olle, Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Julia, Mirza, Ghazala, Mihailov, Evelin, Moebus, Susanne, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohlke, Karen L, Morris, Andrew D, Muhleisen, Thomas W, Muller-Nurasyid, Martina, Musk, Bill, Nakamura, Jiro, Nakashima, Eitaro, Navarro, Pau, Ng, Peng-Keat, Nica, Alexandra C, Nilsson, Peter M, Njolstad, Inger, Nothen, Markus M, Ohnaka, Keizo, Ong, Twee Hee, Owen, Katharine R, Palmer, Colin N A, Pankow, James S, Park, Kyong Soo, Parkin, Melissa, Pechlivanis, Sonali, Pedersen, Nancy L, Peltonen, Leena, Perry, John R B, Peters, Annette, Pinidiyapathirage, Janani M, Platou, Carl G P, Potter, Simon, Price, Jackie F, Qi, Lu, Radha, Venkatesan, Rallidis, Loukianos, Rasheed, Asif, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Rauramaa, Rainer, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Rayner, N William, Rees, Simon D, Rehnberg, Emil, Ripatti, Samuli, Robertson, Neil, Roden, Michael, Rossin, Elizabeth J, Rudan, Igor, Rybin, Denis, Saaristo, Timo E, Salomaa, Veikko, Saltevo, Juha, Samuel, Maria, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Saramies, Jouko, Scott, James, Scott, Laura J, Scott, Robert A, Segre, Ayellet V, Sehmi, Joban, Sennblad, Bengt, Shah, Nabi, Shah, Sonia, Shera, A Samad, Shu, Xiao Ou, Shuldiner, Alan R, Sigurðsson, Gunnar, Sijbrands, Eric, Silveira, Angela, Sim, Xueling, Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh, Small, Kerrin S, So, Wing Yee, Stancakova, Alena, Stefansson, Kari, Steinbach, Gerald, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stirrups, Kathleen, Strawbridge, Rona J, Stringham, Heather M, Sun, Qi, Suo, Chen, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Takayanagi, Ryoichi, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Tay, Wan Ting, Teslovich, Tanya M, Thorand, Barbara, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tikkanen, Emmi, Trakalo, Joseph, Tremoli, Elena, Trip, Mieke D, Tsai, Fuu Jen, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Valladares-Salgado, Adan, Vedantam, Sailaja, Veglia, Fabrizio, Voight, Benjamin F, Wang, Congrong, Wareham, Nicholas J, Wennauer, Roman, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wilson, James F, Wiltshire, Steven, Winckler, Wendy, Wong, Tien Yin, Wood, Andrew R, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Wu, Ying, Yamamoto, Ken, Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Yang, Mingyu, Yengo, Loic, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Young, Robin, Zabaneh, Delilah, Zhang, Fan, Zhang, Rong, Zheng, Wei, Zimmet, Paul Z, Altshuler, David, Bowden, Donald W, Cho, Yoon Shin, Cox, Nancy J, Cruz, Miguel, Hanis, Craig L, Kooner, Jaspal, Lee, Jong-Young, Seielstad, Mark, Teo, Yik Ying, Boehnke, Michael, Parra, Esteban J, Chambers, John C, Tai, E Shyong, McCarthy, Mark I, and Morris, Andrew P

Abstract

To further understanding of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility, we aggregated published meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexican and Mexican American ancestry. We observed a significant excess in the directional consistency of T2D risk alleles across ancestry groups, even at SNPs demonstrating only weak evidence of association. By following up the strongest signals of association from the trans-ethnic meta-analysis in an additional 21,491 cases and 55,647 controls of European ancestry, we identified seven new T2D susceptibility loci. Furthermore, we observed considerable improvements in the fine-mapping resolution of common variant association signals at several T2D susceptibility loci. These observations highlight the benefits of trans-ethnic GWAS for the discovery and characterization of complex trait loci and emphasize an exciting opportunity to extend insight into the genetic architecture and pathogenesis of human diseases across populations of diverse ancestry., Consortium, DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM)Consortium, Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network Type 2 Diabetes (AGEN-T2D)Consortium, South Asian Type 2 Diabetes (SAT2D)Consortium, Mexican American Type 2 Diabetes (MAT2D)Consortium, Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Next-generation sequencing in multi-Ethnic Samples (T2D-GENES)

Published
2014
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45. Genome-wide association study in individuals of South Asian ancestry identifies six new type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci.

Author

Kooner, Jaspal S, Saleheen, Danish, Sim, Xueling, Sehmi, Joban, Zhang, Weihua, Frossard, Philippe, Been, Latonya F, Chia, Kee-Seng, Dimas, Antigone S, Hassanali, Neelam, Jafar, Tazeen, Jowett, Jeremy B M, Li, Xinzhong, Radha, Venkatesan, Rees, Simon D, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Young, Robin, Aung, Tin, Basit, Abdul, Chidambaram, Manickam, Das, Debashish, Grundberg, Elin, Hedman, Asa K, Hydrie, Zafar I, Islam, Muhammed, Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Kristensen, Malene M, Liju, Samuel, Lim, Wei-Yen, Matthews, David R, Liu, Jianjun, Morris, Andrew P, Nica, Alexandra C, Pinidiyapathirage, Janani M, Prokopenko, Inga, Rasheed, Asif, Samuel, Maria, Shah, Nabi, Shera, A Samad, Small, Kerrin S, Suo, Chen, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wong, Tien Yin, Yang, Mingyu, Zhang, Fan, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Barnett, Anthony H, Caulfield, Mark, Deloukas, Panos, Frayling, Timothy M, Froguel, Philippe, Kato, Norihiro, Katulanda, Prasad, Kelly, M Ann, Liang, Junbin, Mohan, Viswanathan, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Scott, James, Seielstad, Mark, Zimmet, Paul Z, Elliott, Paul, Teo, Yik Ying, McCarthy, Mark I, Danesh, John, Tai, E Shyong, Chambers, John C, Kooner, Jaspal S, Saleheen, Danish, Sim, Xueling, Sehmi, Joban, Zhang, Weihua, Frossard, Philippe, Been, Latonya F, Chia, Kee-Seng, Dimas, Antigone S, Hassanali, Neelam, Jafar, Tazeen, Jowett, Jeremy B M, Li, Xinzhong, Radha, Venkatesan, Rees, Simon D, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Young, Robin, Aung, Tin, Basit, Abdul, Chidambaram, Manickam, Das, Debashish, Grundberg, Elin, Hedman, Asa K, Hydrie, Zafar I, Islam, Muhammed, Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Kristensen, Malene M, Liju, Samuel, Lim, Wei-Yen, Matthews, David R, Liu, Jianjun, Morris, Andrew P, Nica, Alexandra C, Pinidiyapathirage, Janani M, Prokopenko, Inga, Rasheed, Asif, Samuel, Maria, Shah, Nabi, Shera, A Samad, Small, Kerrin S, Suo, Chen, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R, Wong, Tien Yin, Yang, Mingyu, Zhang, Fan, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Barnett, Anthony H, Caulfield, Mark, Deloukas, Panos, Frayling, Timothy M, Froguel, Philippe, Kato, Norihiro, Katulanda, Prasad, Kelly, M Ann, Liang, Junbin, Mohan, Viswanathan, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Scott, James, Seielstad, Mark, Zimmet, Paul Z, Elliott, Paul, Teo, Yik Ying, McCarthy, Mark I, Danesh, John, Tai, E Shyong, and Chambers, John C

Abstract

We carried out a genome-wide association study of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in individuals of South Asian ancestry. Our discovery set included 5,561 individuals with T2D (cases) and 14,458 controls drawn from studies in London, Pakistan and Singapore. We identified 20 independent SNPs associated with T2D at P < 10(-4) for testing in a replication sample of 13,170 cases and 25,398 controls, also all of South Asian ancestry. In the combined analysis, we identified common genetic variants at six loci (GRB14, ST6GAL1, VPS26A, HMG20A, AP3S2 and HNF4A) newly associated with T2D (P = 4.1 × 10(-8) to P = 1.9 × 10(-11)). SNPs at GRB14 were also associated with insulin sensitivity (P = 5.0 × 10(-4)), and SNPs at ST6GAL1 and HNF4A were also associated with pancreatic beta-cell function (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, respectively). Our findings provide additional insight into mechanisms underlying T2D and show the potential for new discovery from genetic association studies in South Asians, a population with increased susceptibility to T2D.

Published
2011
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47. Distributed Intelligent MEMS: A Survey and a Real-Time Programming Framework.

Author

LIANG, JUNBIN, CAO, JIANNONG, LIU, RUI, and LI, TAO

Abstract

In recent years, distributed intelligent microelectromechanical systems (DiMEMSs) have appeared as a new form of distributed embedded systems. DiMEMSs contain thousands or millions of removable autonomous devices, which will collaborate with each other to achieve the final target of the whole system. Programming such systems is becoming an extremely difficult problem. The difficulty is due not only to their inherent nature of distributed collaboration, mobility, large scale, and limited resources of their devices (e.g., in terms of energy, memory, communication, and computation) but also to the requirements of real-time control and tolerance for uncertainties such as inaccurate actuation and unreliable communications. As a result, existing programming languages for traditional distributed and embedded systems are not suitable for DiMEMSs. In this article, we first introduce the origin and characteristics of DiMEMSs and then survey typical implementations of DiMEMSs and related research hotspots. Finally, we propose a real-time programming framework that can be used to design new real-time programming languages for DiMEMSs. The framework is composed of three layers: a real-time programming model layer, a compilation layer, and a runtime system layer. The design challenges and requirements of these layers are investigated. The framework is then discussed in further detail and suggestions for future research are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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