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In this paper, we consider the backward asymptotically autonomous dynamical behavior for fractional non-autonomous nonclassical diffusion equations driven by a Wong–Zakai approximations process in Hs(Rn) with s∈(0,1). We first prove the existence and backward time-dependent uniform compactness of tempered pullback random attractors when the growth rate of nonlinearities have a subcritical range. We then show that, under the Wong–Zakai approximations process, the components of the random attractors of a non-autonomous dynamical system in time can converge to those of the random attractor of the limiting autonomous dynamical system in Hs(Rn).

Background Based on “gut-brain axis” theory, we employed a rat 6-OHDA lesion model to examine the impact of gut-acupuncture on motor symptoms, the abundance of DA neurons in the SN, the hemodynamic characteristics of the carotid artery and SNH. Methods 6-OHDA-induced PD rats were treated with gut-acupuncture daily, starting day 15 after surgery. Mobility of the limbs was evaluated, abundance of TH + DA neurons in the SN detected, The diameter of carotid arteries and hemodynamic parameters measured by cervical vascular ultrasound CVUS, and TCS utilized to examine SNH. Results Our data show that gut-acupuncture correlates with significantly increased abundance of TH, a marker of DA neurons compared to untreated rats. Furthermore the area of SNH in the injured side of the acupuncture group was significantly reduced. PSV of LCCA, LICA, RICA showed that were significantly improved i.e. decreased in the acupuncture group, while the diameter of LICA and RCCA in acupuncture group was narrower. We also found that the PSV was significantly increased and the vascular diameter narrowed in LCCA and LICA during treatment, whereas after removing the acupuncture needle the PSV decreased and the vascular diameter widened. Conclusions Gut-acupuncture can reduce SNH and influence TH abundance in the SN which correlated with changes of hemodynamic characteristics of the lesioned side. We suggest a regulatory mechanism which may affect the vagus nerve through the ENS and cause the change of cervical hemodynamics. It further induces low oxygen tension microenvironment conducive to the proliferation of neural stem cells, which leads to the enrichment of TH in PD model rats of acupuncture group.

Objective To investigate the non⁃invasive evaluation of intracranial pressure (ICP) by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with TBI were retrospectively analyzed. Pulsatility index (PI) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) were performed by TCD, simultaneous recording of ICP parameter one week after surgery. The relationship between ONSD, PI and ICP was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of ONSD and PI for prediction intracranial hypertension. Results One week after surgery,ICP was positively correlated with ONSD (r= 0.679, P=0.000). There was also a positive correlation between ONSD and ICP ≥ 20 mm Hg (r=0.665, P= 0.000) and ICP

Objective To analyze the risk factors for multiple transfusions in patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The clinical data of 53 patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy with moderate or severe TBI from January 2018 to June 2019 were analyzed. Coagulation indexes were tested before decompressive craniectomy. The factors associated with multiple transfusions were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results Patients were divided into multiple transfusion group (11cases) and control group (42 cases, no transfusion or single transfusion). Thrombin time (P=0.041), international normalized ratio (P=0.048), fibrinogen degradation product (P=0.000) and D⁃dimer (P=0.001) in the multiple transfusion group were higher than those in the control group, while fibrinogen was lower than those in the control group (P=0.006). Logistic regression analysis showed that fibrinogen degradation product was a risk factor for multiple transfusions (OR=1.013, 95%CI:1.005-1.021; P=0.002). Conclusions Elevated fibrinogen degradation product is a risk factor for multiple transfusions in patients with moderate or severe TBI. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.07.009

Objective To analyze the effect of propofol on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). Methods A total of 60 patients of sTBI undergoing unilateral decompression craniectomy in the Department of Neurosurgery from January 2015 to April 2018 were reviewed. Patients were divided into control group (no propofol, but other types of sedatives were used) or propofol group (propofol was used without other types ofsedatives), according to whether they were treated with propofol after surgery. Each group contained 30 cases. Before and 2 h after the use of sedative drugs, the mean blood flow velocity (V mean) and resistivity index (RI) of the affected middle cerebral artery (MCA) were detected by ultrasound through the temporal skull defect, and adverse effects of propofol were recorded. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate long ⁃ term outcome, and mortality was also compared, after a 6 months follow⁃up. Results The Vmean of the affected MCA was decreased after using sedative in both the 2 groups of patients compared with before using it (P = 0.000), and there was no significant difference of RI observed in the affected MCA before and after sedative administration (P = 0.129). Compared with the control group, V mean (P = 0.000) and RI ( P = 0.033) in the MCA of propofol group were decreased after sedative administration. The outcomes of the propofol group and control group were (2.37 ± 0.81) score vs. (2.67 ± 0.76) score ( t = 1.482, P = 0.144) and the mortalities were 4 cases (13.33%) v s. 2 cases (6.67%; adju sted χ2 = 0.185, P = 0.667). Conclusions Propofol can improve CBF in patients with sTBI by reducing V meanand RI of the affected MCA, but it has no obvious effect on mortality and long ⁃ term outcome. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.04.016

Nitrogen (N) deposition significantly affects the growth and the function of invasive clonal plants. However, the effects of heterogeneous N supply with different frequencies on the growth and the potential contribution of clonal integration in invasion plants are still unclear, especially in the complex environment considering ramet damage. To address this question, apical and basal ramets of the clonal invader Hydrocotyle vulgaris were connected or disconnected, N was added to the basal ramets with a high frequency, a low frequency, or no supply, and the total N quantity was the same for the different frequency. Furthermore, 8 aphids were placed on the apical ramets, and 30% of each leaf was cut off to cause damage. The connection between ramets significantly increased the biomass, total carbon (C), and total N of the basal and apical ramets. Higher frequency N supply significantly increased the biomass, total C, and total N of the basal ramets and the entire clonal fragment biomass. The damage had no significant effect on the growth of basal and apical ramets. Especially, under the high N frequency and ramet damage condition, the connection between ramets more significantly increased the biomass, total C, and total N of the apical ramets and the entire clonal fragment biomass. In addition, the uptake rates of 15NH4+ and 15NO3- in H. vulgaris had no significant difference, and N supply increased the uptake rates of 15NH4+ and 15NO3- of the basal ramets. Our results suggest that both higher frequency N supply and clonal integration are beneficial to the growth of H. vulgaris. Moreover, the heterogeneous N supply with high frequency and ramet damage increases the benefits of clonal integration in H. vulgaris. These findings improve our understanding of the response of clonal invader H. vulgaris to nitrogen deposition and ramet damage.