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11. The hybridization origin of the Chinese endemic herb genus Notopterygium (Apiaceae): Evidence from population genomics and ecological niche analysis

Author

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Jia, Yun, Liu, Mi-Li, López-Pujol, Jordi, Jia, Rui-Wen, Kou, Yixuan, Yue, Ming, Guan, Tian-Xia, Li, Zhong-Hu, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Academy of Sciences, Jia, Yun, Liu, Mi-Li, López-Pujol, Jordi, Jia, Rui-Wen, Kou, Yixuan, Yue, Ming, Guan, Tian-Xia, and Li, Zhong-Hu

Abstract

Hybridization is recognized as a major force in species evolution and biodiversity formation, generally leading to the origin and differentiation of new species. Multiple hybridization events cannot easily be reconstructed, yet they offer the potential to study a number of evolutionary processes. Here, we used nuclear expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat and large-scale single nucleotide polymorphism variation data, combined with niche analysis, to investigate the putative independent hybridization events in Notopterygium, a group of perennial herb plants endemic to China. Population genomic analysis indicated that the four studied species are genetically well-delimited and that N. forrestii and N. oviforme have originated by hybridization. According to Approximate Bayesian Computation, the best-fit model involved the formation of N. forrestii from the crossing of N. franchetii and N. incisum, with N. forrestii further backcrossing to N. franchetii to form N. oviforme. The niche analyses indicated that niche divergence [likely triggered by the regional climate changes, particularly the intensification of East Asian winter monsoon, and tectonic movements (affecting both Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Qinling Mountains)] may have promoted and maintained the reproductive isolation among hybrid species. N. forrestii shows ecological specialization with respect to their parental species, whereas N. oviforme has completely shifted its niche. These results suggested that the climate and environmental factors together triggered the two-step hybridization of the East Asia herb plants. Our study also emphasizes the power of genome-wide SNPs for investigating suspected cases of hybridization, particularly unravelling old hybridization events.

Published
2023

14. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Gypsophila huashanensis Y. W. Tsui & D. Q. Lu, an endemic herb species in China.

Author

Guan, Tian-Xia, Lu, Zhao-Ping, Liu, Mi-Li, Xun, Lu-Lu, Fang, Min-Feng, and Li, Zhong-Hu

Subjects
CHLOROPLAST DNA, SPECIES, AMINO acid sequence, CARYOPHYLLACEAE, DNA sequencing, HERBS
Abstract

Gypsophila huashanensis Y. W. Tsui & D. Q. Lu (Caryophyllaceae) is an endemic herb species to the Qinling Mountains in China. In this study, we characterized its whole plastid genome using the Illumina sequencing platform. The complete plastid genome of G. huashanensis is 152,457 bp in length, including a large single-copy DNA region of 83,476 bp, a small single-copy DNA region of 17,345 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat DNA sequences of 25,818 bp. The genome contains 130 genes comprising 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Evolutionary analysis showed that the non-coding regions of Caryophyllaceae exhibit a higher level of divergence than the exon regions. Gene site selection analysis suggested that 11 coding protein genes (accD, atpF, ndhA, ndhB, petB, petD, rpoCl, rpoC2, rps16, ycfl, and ycf2) have some sites under protein sequence evolution. Phylogenetic analysis showed that G. huashanensis is most closely related to the congeneric species G. oldhamiana. These results are very useful for studying phylogenetic evolution and species divergence in the family Caryophyllaceae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Phylogenomic analysis of the hemp family (Cannabaceae) reveals deep cyto-nuclear discordance and provides new insights into generic relationships

Author

Fu, Xiao-Gang, Liu, Shui-Yin, van Velzen, Robin, Stull, Gregory, Tian, Qin, Li, Yun-Xia, Folk, Ryan, Guralnick, Robert, Kates, Heather, Jin, Jian-Jun, Li, Zhong-Hu, Soltis, Douglas, Soltis, Pamela, Yi, Ting-Shuang, Fu, Xiao-Gang, Liu, Shui-Yin, van Velzen, Robin, Stull, Gregory, Tian, Qin, Li, Yun-Xia, Folk, Ryan, Guralnick, Robert, Kates, Heather, Jin, Jian-Jun, Li, Zhong-Hu, Soltis, Douglas, Soltis, Pamela, and Yi, Ting-Shuang

Abstract

Cannabaceae are a relatively small family of angiosperms, but they include several species of huge economic and cultural significance: marijuana or hemp (Cannabis sativa) and hops (Humulus lupulus). Previous phylogenetic studies clarified most deep relationships in Cannabaceae, but relationships remain ambiguous among several major lineages. Here, we sampled 83 species representing all genera of Cannabaceae and utilized a new dataset of 90 nuclear genes and 82 chloroplast loci from Hyb-Seq to investigate the phylogenomics of Cannabaceae. Nuclear phylogenetic analyses revealed a robust and consistent backbone for Cannabaceae. We observed nuclear gene-tree conflict at several deep nodes in inferred species trees, also cyto-nuclear discordance concerning the relationship between Gironniera and Lozanella and the relationships among Trema s.l. (including Parasponia), Cannabis + Humulus, and Chaetachme + Pteroceltis. Coalescent simulations and network analyses suggest that observed deep cyto-nuclear discordances likeliest stem from incomplete lineage sorting (ILS); nuclear gene-tree conflict might be caused by both ILS and gene flow between species. All genera of Cannabaceae were recovered as monophyletic, except for Celtis, which consisted of two distinct clades: Celtis I (including most Celtis species) and Celtis II (including Celtis gomphophylla and Celtis schippii). We suggest that Celtis II should be recognized as the independent genus Sparrea based on both molecular and morphological evidence. Our work provides the most comprehensive and reliable phylogeny to date for Cannabaceae, enabling further exploration of evolutionary patterns across this family and highlighting the necessity of comparing nuclear with chloroplast data to examine the evolutionary history of plant groups.

Published
2022

18. A Compact Microstrip Low-Pass Filter Using D-CRLH Transmission Line with Ultra-Wide Stopband and High Selectivity

Author

Guo-cheng Wu, Guang-ming Wang, Ya-wei Wang, and Li-zhong Hu

Subjects
Dual-composite right/left-handed transmission line (D-CRLH-TL), low-pass filter (LPF), ultra-wide stopband (UWSB), high selectivity, miniaturization, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

A novel structure of dual-composite right/left-handed transmission line (D-CRLH TL) is proposed and analyzed in this paper. The simulated reaults show that there is a stopband between the first right-handed passband and the left-handed passband of the proposed D-CRLH TL. This stopband characteristic is applied to improve the electromagnetic performances of low-pass filter (LPF). A planar compact microstrip LPF with ultra-wide stopband (UWSB) and high selectivity is designed, fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other, indicating that this design method is effective and successful. The measured results show that the cut-off frequency of the LPF in this paper is 3.68 GHz, the stopband with insertion loss of more than 20 dB is from 3.84GHz to 20.21GHz (136.1%), and the sharpness is 106.25dB/GHz. Compared with the previous works of references, the LPF in this paper has less insertion loss, greater stop-bandwidth and better sharpness. Besides, this LPF also realizes a 73% size reduction in comparison with the same work in reference [14].

Published
2013

21. Design of intelligent path detector for electrified cable

Author

LI Zhong-hu and XIONG Zhi-we

Subjects
electrified cable, path detection, frequency search, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

The paper introduced implementation of an intelligent path detector for electrified cable with AVR single-chip microcomputer as core. The path detector provides two operating modes of specific frequency detection and unknown frequency search for two cases of signal frequency known or unknown respectively, and determines position of the cables according to induced electromotive force generated by the coil, thus realizes detection of underground cable path without affecting normal working of the cable.

Published
2013

35. Genetic structure, gene flow pattern, and association analysis of superior germplasm resources in domesticated upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Author

Zhang, Ting-Ting, primary, Zhang, Na-Yao, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Jian, additional, Pei, Xiao-Yu, additional, Liu, Yan-Gai, additional, Ren, Zhong-Ying, additional, He, Kun-Lun, additional, Zhang, Wen-Sheng, additional, Zhou, Ke-Hai, additional, Zhang, Fei, additional, Ma, Xiong-Feng, additional, Yang, Dai-Gang, additional, and Li, Zhong-Hu, additional

Published
2020
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37. Complex population evolutionary history of four cold-tolerant Notopterygium herb species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas

Author

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory Project of Department of Education, Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Liu, Mi-Li, He, Yan-Ling, López-Pujol, Jordi, Jia, Yun, Li, Zhong-Hu, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory Project of Department of Education, Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Liu, Mi-Li, He, Yan-Ling, López-Pujol, Jordi, Jia, Yun, and Li, Zhong-Hu

Abstract

Historical geological and climatic events are the most important drivers of population expansions/contractions, range shifts, and interspecific divergence in plants. However, the species divergence and spatiotemporal population dynamics of alpine cold-tolerant herbal plants in the high-altitude Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and adjacent areas remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated population evolutionary history of four endangered Notopterygium herb species in the QTP and adjacent regions. We sequenced 10 nuclear loci, 2 mitochondrial DNA regions, and 4 chloroplast DNA regions in a total of 72 natural populations from the 4 species, and tested the hypothesis that the population history of these alpine herbs was markedly affected by the Miocene–Pliocene QTP uplifts and Quaternary climatic oscillations. We found that the four Notopterygium species had generally low levels of nucleotide variability within populations. Molecular dating and isolation-with-migration analyses suggested that Notopterygium species diverged ~1.74–7.82 million years ago and their differentiation was significantly associated with recent uplifts of the eastern margin of the QTP. In addition, ecological niche modeling and population history analysis showed that N. incisum and N. franchetii underwent considerable demographic expansions during the last glacial period of the Pleistocene, whereas a demographic contraction and a expansion occurred for N. forrestii and N. oviforme during the antepenultimate interglacial period and penultimate glacial period, respectively. These findings highlight the importance of geological and climatic changes during the Miocene–Pliocene and Pleistocene as causes of species divergence and changes in population structure within cold-tolerant herbs in the QTP biodiversity hotspot.

Published
2019

45. Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Gossypium Species: Insights Into Repeat Sequence Variations and Phylogeny

Author

Wu, Ying, primary, Liu, Fang, additional, Yang, Dai-Gang, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Zhou, Xiao-Jian, additional, Pei, Xiao-Yu, additional, Liu, Yan-Gai, additional, He, Kun-Lun, additional, Zhang, Wen-Sheng, additional, Ren, Zhong-Ying, additional, Zhou, Ke-Hai, additional, Ma, Xiong-Feng, additional, and Li, Zhong-Hu, additional

Published
2018
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49. A MINIATURIZED TRIPLE-BAND BRANCH-LINE COUPLER BASED ON SIMPLIFIED DUAL-COMPOSITE RIGHT/LEFT-HANDED TRANSMISSION LINE

Author

Ya-Wei Wang, Guo-Cheng Wu, Guangming Wang, Cang Liu, and Li-Zhong Hu

Subjects
Physics, Wavelength, Optics, Transmission line, business.industry, Equivalent circuit, Metamaterial, Hybrid coupler, Low frequency, business, Microwave, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Rat-race coupler
Abstract

A miniaturized triple-band branch-line coupler based on the simplifled dual-composite right/left-handed transmission line (S-D-CRLH-TL) is proposed in this paper. The electromagnetic characteristics of S-D-CRLH-TL are analyzed by the simulator and equivalent circuit model, and the results prove that there are three frequency points with phase of i90-degree in the passbands; this characteristic can be used to design triple-band quadrature microwave components. The proposed branch-line coupler is fabricated and measured, the measured and simulated results are in good agreement with each other, showing that the triple-band operating at 3.06GHz, 4.00GHz and 5.54GHz, the useful bandwidths are 2.97GHz{3.16GHz, 3.82GHz{4.12GHz and 5.48GHz{5.67GHz. In addition, compared with the conventional branch-line coupler, the whole size of the proposed one is 17mm£14:4mm (0:173‚£0:147‚) (‚ is the wavelength in low frequency), it realizes a 73% size reduction. Moreover, compared with the triple-band branch-line coupler based on the double-Lorentz transmission line metamaterial, the proposed branch-line coupler is more efiective in the situation, which is sensitive to phase-changing, as the sign of phase difierence in the two outputs at the three frequency points keeps the same.

Published
2013

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