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Amaç Travma tüm dünyada çocuklardaki en önemli mortalite ve morbidite nedenidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastanemiz çocuk cerrahisi kliniğinde travma nedeni ile tedavi edilen çocuk hastaları literatür eşliğinde tartışmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem Ocak 2016-Mart 2020 arasında hastanemiz Çocuk Cerrahisi Kliniğinde tedavi edilen 0-17 yaş arası tüm travmalı hastaların dosyaları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, travmanın mevsimsel dağılımı, yaralanma mekanizması, yaşlara göre yaralanma mekanizması, etkilenen organ sistemi, oluşan yaralanma, cerrahi işlem gereksinimi ve ölüm oranları araştırıldı. Bulgular Çalışmaya travma nedeni ile çocuk cerrahisi kliniğinde tedavi edilen 262 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların %71,7’si erkek %28,3’ü kız idi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 7,53 ± 5,17 yıl olarak bulundu. Hastaların %21’i 2 yaşın altında, %33’ü 2-7 yaş arasında, %46’sı 7 yaşının üzerindeydi. Travma türlerinde en sık trafik kazası 125 hasta (%47,7), ve yaralanmalarda en sık akciğer yaralanması 104 hasta (%39) bunların içinde de en sık akciğer kontüzyonu görüldü. En sık yaz ayında 111 hasta (%42,4) travma olduğu izlendi. 19 hastaya cerrahi işlem uygulandı (%7,25). Ölüm oranı 4 hasta ile %1,5 olarak bulundu. Sonuç Çocukluk çağı travmalarının ilk iki nedeni trafik kazaları ve düşmedir. Özellikle 7 yaş öncesi çocukların oyun alanlarında ve günlük yaşamlarında daha dikkatli gözlenmesi, tüm çocukların araç içinde gerekli önlemler alınarak seyahat etmesi ve trafik kuralları hakkında eğitimlerin arttırılması gerekmektedir.

2012 yılında yürürlüğe giren 6360 Sayılı Kanun kapsamında 13 ilde büyükşehir belediyesi kurulurken bu illerde mevcut ilçelere ilave olarak 26 yeni ilçe kurulmuştur. Büyükşehir belediyesi kurulan illerden biri olan Hatay’da, bu kanun kapsamında yeni ilçeler de oluşturulmuştur. Hatay’da yeni kurulan ilçelerden biri olan Defne ilçesinin kurulması, yerel seçim sonuçlarını da kapsayan ancak bunun da ötesine geçen oldukça önemli tartışmaları beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Antakya’dan ayrılarak Defne ilçesinin kurulması ve sınırlarının tespitinin, kanun tasarısını hazırlayan iktidar partisinin yerel seçimlere dair stratejisinin bir parçası olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Defne ilçesinin sınırlarının belirlenmesi süreci bir dizi siyasi beklentiler çerçevesinde şekillenmiştir. Bu beklentilerin en önemlisi, Hatay’ın büyükşehir olmasından sonra en büyük ilçe konumuna gelecek olan Antakya’nın belediye başkanlığını elde tutmaktır. Bu nedenle, Defne sınırları içerisine, stratejik taksimatın en yaygın biçimi olan istifleme yöntemi çerçevesinde iktidar partisine oy vermeyen insanların yaşadıkları bölgeler dahil edilmiştir. İstifleme Defne’de o kadar ileri boyutlarda gerçekleştirilmiştir ki, seçimlerde CHP’nin ve desteklediği adayların rekor düzeylerde oy oranlara ulaştığı bir ilçe konumuna gelmiştir. Defne ilçesinde istiflemenin yapılması neticesinde AKP’li adayların 2014 ve 2019 yerel seçimlerinde Antakya belediye başkanlığını kazanmaları mümkün olmuştur. Defne ilçesinin kurulması örneğinde de görüldüğü üzere, stratejik taksimat yerel seçimlerde de oldukça etkin biçimde kullanılabilmektedir.

Background:Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Early diagnosis of appendicitis is important in children because any delay in treatment substantially leads to complicated appendicitis. In this study, we aimed to test the diagnostic value of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) level in children with acute appendicitis and to investigate whether there is a relationship between the progression of the disease and PTX3 level.Methods:This prospective study included 70 children. They were divided into three groups as follows: group 1 (appendicitis; n=37), group 2 (abdominal pain; n=25), group 3 (control; n=8). Demographic data, medical history, the time from the onset of symptoms to blood sampling, operative and pathological findings of the patients were noted, and white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and PTX3 values were measured.Results:The mean WBC, CRP and PTX3 values were found to be significantly increased in the appendicitis group (pConclusion:This study showed that PTX3 is a valuable inflammatory biomarker in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and also documented that PTX3 is useful for predicting the progression of the disease.

Dunyanin farkli cografi bolgelerinde farkli bicimler alabilen, gerceklestigi zamanin kosullarina gore sekillenen uluslasma surecleri Siyaset Biliminde oldukca sik calisilan konular arasinda yer almaktadir. Sovyetler Birligi’nin dagilmasiyla birlikte 15 devlet bagimsizligina kavusurken bu devletler bagimsizliklarini pekistirme yonunde adimlar atmaya basladilar. 1991’in sonlarinda bagimsizligina kavusan Kazakistan uluslastirma hedefiyle bir dizi politikayi hayata gecirmistir. Kultur, sanat, egitim, siyaset ve ekonomi dâhil olmak uzere Kazakistan’da yasayan insanlarin hayatinin her alaninda etkileri gorulen bu politikalar esas olarak yeni bir toplum olusturulmasi hedefini tasimaktadir. Genis kapsamli ve uzun erimli olmasi tasarlanan bu politikalarin “basarili” olup olmadigi konusunda kesin bir kaniya varmak icin henuz erkendir. Bu calismanin amaci, halen devam etmekte olan Kazakistan’daki uluslastirma faaliyetlerinin analiz edilmesi, bunlarin ulke nufusunun onemli bir kismini olusturan farkli etnik gruplar uzerindeki etkilerinin degerlendirilmesi ve tum bu sureclerde ortaya konulan hedeflerin saglanabilmesi konusunda Kazakistan’in sahip oldugu avantaj ve dezavantajlarin irdelenmesidir.

Iatrogenic urethral foreign bodies are rare conditions in clinical practice, and the relevant data are limited to adult cases in the literature. In this paper, we presented a pediatric case in which a fragment of Foley catheter balloon remained in the posterior urethra.

CBU International Conference on Innovations in Science and Education (CBUIC) -- MAR 23-25, 2016 -- Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC, WOS: 000392271000013, As experts discuss the causes and results of the 2008 financial crisis and ensuing Great Recession, economists of various strands, led mainly by Keynesians, are slowly beginning to question the supposed wisdom of unfettered markets. Since Keynesian-liberal disputes revolve around the symptoms of the crisis, rather than the historical and structural features of market economies, we consider a fresh approach about Polanyi's ideas on market, and his concept of double movement in regards to the effects of neo-liberalism on societies, as a timely intervention to these debates., Central Bohemia Univ, Unicorn College

Pneumoperitoneum is rarely encountered as a radiographic finding in association with perforated appendicitis in children, and may lead to diagnostic errors. In this paper, we present pneumoperitoneum as a presenting finding of perforated appendicitis in a 2-year-old boy. The term pneumoperitoneum frequently indicates perforation of an intra-abdominal hollow viscus. However, it is rarely encountered as a radiographic finding in association with perforated appendicitis. The cases reported in the literature are mostly adult patients, but the relevant data in children are limited. Here, we present a case of a 2-year-old boy with perforated appendicitis who presented with pneumoperitoneum. The patient was taken into the operation theater with an initial diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation. Surgical exploration indicated a perforated appendix and an appendectomy was performed. Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical abdominal emergencies in children. However, very young children often pose a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician. Pneumoperitoneum is a confusing finding in perforated appendicitis, and may lead to diagnostic errors. However, it may be considered as a favorable sign because it will result in the patient’s immediate surgical exploration and cure. Keywords : appendicitis, children, pneumoperitoneum

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic data and complication rates in children who had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in a three-year period in our Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and to interrogate parental satisfaction. Material and Methods: The demographic data, complications and follow-up findings of the patients who had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy between March 2011 and March 2014 were examined retrospectively using medical files. Results: Forty seven percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy related procedures were performed in 34 children during a three-year period. The median age of the patients was 2.25 years (3 months-16 years, first and third quartiles=1.0-6.0) and the mean body weight was 13.07±8.6 kg (3 kg-47 kg). Before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy procedure, the mean weight z score was -2.26±1.2 (-5-0) and the mean height z score was -2.25±0.96 (-3.85-0.98). The follow-up mean height and weight Z scores at the 12 th month after the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy procedure could be reached in 24 patients. A significant increase in the mean weight Z score from -2.41 to -1,07 (p=0.000) and in the mean height Z score from -2.29 to -1.99 (p=0.000) was found one year after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy catheter was placed in these 24 patients. Patients with neurological and metabolic diseases constituted the majority (64.7% and 26.5% respectively). Peritoneal leakage of food was detected in one patient and local stoma infections were detected in three patients after the procedure. During the follow up period, “Buried bumper syndrome” was observed in one patient. Following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, the number of patients using anti-reflux medication increased from 16 (47.1%) to 18 (52.9%) (p=0.62). One patient with cerebral palsy who had aspiration pneumonia after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy insertion had undergone Nissen fundoplication. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube was removed in a patient. The parents had positive views related with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy after the procedure. Conclusions: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is a substantially successful and reliable method in infants as well as in children and adolescents. The parents had positive views related with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy after the procedure. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2015; 50: 211-6)

Proceedings of 6th World Conference on Educational Sciences -- FEB 06-09, 2014 -- Grand Hotel Excelsior Convention Center, Valletta, MALTA, WOS: 000380560300236, Computers and information systems have been integrating quickly in every area of life. Enterprises which conduct their activities in a globalized world have become dependent to information systems in order to survive. In the current technology era where those systems have become indispensable for people, education is one of many areas where we witness reflections of information systems. In a way, a new phase started in education due to those systems which are more productive, effective, optimum and maximize success rate. Therefore, definition, composition, proper utilization, development and adjustment of information systems and interpretation of their results require strategic decision making, application and analysis process. In this study, within the process of globalization, information systems' basic structure will be explained in relation with education area and business process actors. For this purpose, concepts and activities which form the base of this process will be explained and current applications related to theoretical information will be presented. In this way, it is aimed to make the process more understandable. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Koagulaz Negatif Staphylococcus Aureus Sepsisine bagli Gelisen ve Perkutan Peritoneal Drenajla Tedavi Edilen Spontan Intestinal Perforasyonlu Ileri Derecede Dusuk Dogum Agirlikli Bir Yenidogan Vakasi Spontan intestinal perforasyon (SIP), nekrotizan enterokolitten (NEK) ayrilan bir klinik antitedir. SIP, en cok dusuk dogum agirlikli (VLBW) ve ileri derecede dusuk dogum agirlikli (ELBW) preterm infantlarda gorulur. Risk, VLBW infantlarda yaklasik olarak % 2-3, ELBW infantlarda ise % 5’dir. SIP icin en iyi bilinen tek risk faktoru prematuritedir (1-3). Biz, burada koagulaz negatif Staphylococcus aureus sepsisinine bagli oldugu dusunulen ve perkutan peritoneal drenajla tedavi edilen spontan intestinal perforasyonlu ileri derecede dusuk dogum agirlikli bir yenidogan vakasini sunmaktayiz.

Bochdalek hernisi diyaframdaki posterolateral defektten abdominal organlarin toraks bosluguna girmesi sonucu gelisen dogumsal bir hastaliktir. Gebeligin 8. haftasinda ploroperitoneal membranin septum transversum ile fuzyonundaki bozukluk sonucu olustugu dusunulmektedir. Defekt %70-90 sol taraftadir. Olgularin cogunlugu dogduktan sonra solunum sikintisi ile klinik bulgu verir ve eriskin yasa kadar semptomsuz seyir gostermesi oldukca nadir bir durumdur. Bu yazida, yirmi yasinda nefes darligi ve gogus agrisi sikâyetleriyle klinigimize gelen ve yapilan tetkiklerinde Bochdalek hernisi tanisi alan hastanin cerrahisi ve sonrasi takibinin anlatildigi bir olgu sunulmaktadir.

Objective To evaluate the clinical data and prognosis of cystic echinococcosis during a 5-year period who were followed by the pediatric clinics. Methods Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and prognosis data of 34 patients with cystic echinococcosis obtained between 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, 10 patients were excluded because of incomplete data or failure to follow up. Results A total of 24 (12 males and 12 females) children were included the study. The mean ages of patients were 11.17 ± 3.71 (range, 5-17) years. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (41.7%), cough (16.7%), and fatigue (12.5%). Localization of the parasite in the patients was determined to be as follows: liver (54.2%), lung (33.3%), and intraabdominal (4.2%). Multiorgan involvement was observed in 8.3% of the cases. Indirect hemagglutination test was positive in 13 (54.2%) patients at admission. All patients received treatment with albendazole. Seven patients were treated with puncture-aspiration-injection-re-aspiration (PAIR) (29.2%). Open surgery was performed in six patients (24.2%). One patient was treated with both PAIR and open surgery. Conclusions Cystic echinococcosis is a serious public health problem in developing countries. Hydatid cyst should be considered in the presence of suspicious radiological and clinical findings in endemic areas.

Choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF) is an unusual clinical entity and a diagnostic challenge in children. We herein present CDF as an unusual cause of recurrent cholangitis in a 6-year-old child. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest patient reported until date. In this paper, we also highlight possible etiologic factors, presenting symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities of CDF.

Trauma is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in pediatric population. Following the head and extremities, abdomen is the third most commonly injured region in children. Abdo-minal traumas have a mortality rate as high as 8.5%. Children have anatomical, physiological and psychological differences from adults. These differences make them more vulnerable to major injuries and require a different management. This article reviews typical clinical signs, evaluation, and treatment of children with suspected abdominal injuries following trauma.

Aim: A retrospective clinical trial was performed to evaluate prostatic utricle (PU) incidence, clini-cal characteristics, treatment and follow-up outcomes in hypospadias and intersex patients.Material and Methods: Hypospadias (n:72) and intersex (n:108) patients in whom the configura-tion of PU were evaluated by radiological and endoscopic investigations.Results: The incidence of PU was 12.5% and 22.2% in hypospadias and intersex patients. Urinary infection, obstruction, enuresis and urolithiasis were the most common clinical symptoms in both groups.Conclusion: PU should be evaluated by radiological and endoscopic investigations in intersex and hypospadias patients. The main goal of surgical therapy is total excision of extended PU stru-ctures without damaging to urethra, bladder outlet, sphincter and pelvic plexuses.

11th International Strategic Management Conference -- JUL 23-25, 2015 -- Vienna, AUSTRIA, WOS: 000380408600059, The current highly competitive market where generation of information has exceeded classical production approach, requires much more participation of employees' to organizational processes, actions and decisions. It is expected to have higher information sharing and coordination among employees as a result of applications of modern management. However, for various reasons, it is observed that employees remain indifferent or silent vis-a-vis their organizations. That silence prevents emergence of new ideas, synergy and creativity at an organization. Improvement of the organization and its adaptation to changing conditions at highly competitive environment depends on employees' opportunities to present their knowledge, wishes and suggestions about the organization's change and improvement freely and also on existence of convenient organizational environment. This situation can be described as organizational sound. At the presence of inconvenient organizational environment, organizational silence will be present. In order to avoid negative effects of organizational silence, the concept of "whistle blowing" has being used at the literature as one of the tools since 1990s. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between organizational silence and whistle blowing among the teachers who work at primary and secondary schools. Therefore, the differences between the teachers' organizational silence and whistle blowing perceptions and their gender, age and years of experience as teachers are examined. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd., Int Strateg Management & Managers Assoc

Travma pediyatrik yaş grubunda en sık mortalite ve morbidite nedenidir. Baş ve ekstremitelerden sonra karın en sık yaralanan üçüncü bölgedir. Abdominal travmalar %8.5 gibi yüksek bir mortalite oranına sahiptir. Çocuklar anotomik, fizyolojik ve psikolojik yönlerden erişkinlerden farklılıklar gösterirler. Bu nedenle çocuklarda travmaya yaklaşım bazı farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu yazıda, çocuklarda travma sonrası oluşan abdomen yaralanmalarının tipik klinik bulguları, değerlendirilmesi ve tedavisi anlatılacaktır.

To investigate the efficacy of topical testosterone treatment on the microvessel density (MVD) of hypospadiac prepuce. Materials and methods: The prepuces of 20 healthy children undergoing routine circumcision served as the control group, while the prepuces of 20 children undergoing hypospadias repair served as the hypospadias group. The hypospadias group was further divided into 2 equal subgroups (n = 10) as the hypospadias with or without testosterone treatment groups. The meatal locations were coronal and subcoronal in all of the patients with hypospadias. The prepuces were stained by immunohistochemical methods using panendothelial cell antigen CD31 in order to assay their MVD. The statistical analysis among the groups was done using one-way analysis of variance. Results: The MVD was significantly lower in the hypospadias without treatment group than in the control group (37.16 ± 18.20 vs. 58.75 ± 24.98; P = 0.037). Preoperative testosterone treatment increased the mean MVD to 51.92 ± 10.21 in the treatment group, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.116). Conclusion: Topical testosterone treatment prior to hypospadias surgery restores defective MVD in the prepuce, but this desired effect is unsatisfactory with a single application of a high dose of testosterone.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign neoplasm. It is a challenging disease because the symptoms and radiologic findings are diverse and nonspecific. Although pulmonary IMT is the most common form, pleural origin is an extremely rare clinical entity. Nuchal fibroma (NF) is another rare benign neoplasm. We report herein a case of pleural IMT with concomitant NF in a 15-year-old girl. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting an association between IMT and NF, and our case had the largest reported intrathoracic IMT. Moreover, we found a possible association between IMT and increased CA-125 levels.

Ozpolat, Berkant/0000-0002-6203-7306 WOS: 000321798900027 Background: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of different doses of iodopovidone for pleurodesis and to evaluate the histopathological changes in thyroid tissue. Methods: Thirty-eight male Albino Wistar rats (260-320 g, 6-8 months old) included in this experimental study were randomly divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given 2 mL/kg intrapleural iodopovidone at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 4%, respectively, while group 4 was administered intrapleural saline. The surfaces were graded by macroscopic and microscopic examination on Day 30 and thyroid tissues were histopathologically examined. Results: Iodopovidone at concentrations of 2% and 4% resulted in significantly more adhesions and inflammatory response. Four percent iodopovidone produced nonsignificant microscopic changes in the contralateral visceral pleural surface. No vacuolization in thyroid tissue showing hyperthyroidism was observed in the groups. Conclusion: We suggest that 2% iodopovidone is enough for an effective and safe pleurodesis and the concentration of iodopovidone may be raised to 4% in unsuccessful cases. However, as the study was conducted on rats, it still remains to be elucidated that the similar results can be achieved in human studies.

Placement of ventriculoperitoneal(VP) shunt is a worldwide accepted procedure for treatment of hydrocephalus. This procedure have various intra-abdominal complications, of which pseudocyst formation is a rare one. Common presentations of this complication are abdominal mass, abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, and shunt dysfunction. In this paper, we report a case of 3 year-old boy with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst of the VP shunt presenting with hyponatremic seizure. To the best of our knowledge, hyponatremic seizure has not been previously reported as a presentation of abdominal CSF pseudocyst in the literature. Our case has also the largest CSF pseudocyst with respect to body surface area of the child in the literature.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an easy and safe procedure for long-term enteral feeding in children with inadequate oral intake. Although PEG has been used for treatment of gastric volvulus in adults, there is a little relevant data for its use in children. Here, we report a 17-month-old male infant who was admitted to our hospital with a 1-month history of vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal contrast study revealed an organoaxial gastric volvulus. Then PEG was inserted for the purpose of nutritional support. Because the patient continued to vomit after feeding via gastrostomy, surgery was planned. Laparotomy revealed that the entry of the PEG tube was at the posterior wall of the stomach. The gastrostomy tube was removed, and the opening was repaired. Then the stomach was repositioned, and Nissen fundoplication and a Stamm gastrostomy at the anterior wall of the stomach were performed. The patient had no further episodes of vomiting after surgery and was discharged following an uneventful recovery period.

Amaç: Hipospadiyas ve interseks olgularında prostatik utrikül (PU) sıklığı, klinik karakteristikleri, tedavi metodları ve izlem sonuçlarını değerlendirdik.Gereç ve Yöntem: Hipospadiyas (n:72) ve interseks (n:108) tanılarıyla tedavi edilen, radyolojik ve endoskopik incelemelerle PU varlığı araştırılan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: PU sıklığı hipospadiyas olgularında %12.5, interseks olgularında ise %22.2 bulundu. Her iki grupta en sık görülen klinik semptomlar üriner enfeksiyon, üriner obstrüksiyon, enürezis ve ürolitiyazisdir. Sonuç: İnterseks ve ağır hipospadiyas olgularında PU varlığı radyolojik ve endoskopik yöntemlerle araştırılmalıdır. Cerrahi tedavide ana amaç üretra, mesane boynu, sfinkterler ve pelvik sinir ağına zarar vermeden, büyümüş PU yapılarının tümüyle çıkartılmasıdır.

11th International Strategic Management Conference -- JUL 23-25, 2015 -- Vienna, AUSTRIA, WOS: 000380408600054, The main purpose of this study, at formation of entrepreneurship culture at SMEs, is to determine the factors which effect entrepreneurship culture and characteristics of entrepreneurs and also the factors which are effective at entrepreneurs' decisions to establish an enterprise. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among 150 SME entrepreneurs who are members of Konya Chamber of Industry. As a result of the study, it is concluded that a male-dominant culture exists at SMEs and although entrepreneurs' family structures vary with respect to education and experience, the entrepreneurs' level of education is not a significant variable. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd., Int Strateg Management & Managers Assoc