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The maximum increase in wheat yield (by 67% to the control), associated with a decrease in the root rot development by 19%, an increase in the productive bushiness by 18%, the spike weight by 26%, in the grains number per spike by 8% was noted when using the Bacillus subtilis strain 124-11; the strain effect on leaf diseases was insignificant (2-5%). The plants differed in the maximum changes (to control) in the total bushiness by 59%, the plants vegetative part weight by 27%, the flag leaf area by 21%, the pre-flag leaf area by 28%, the roots numbers and weight by 20% and 62%. After plants treatments with the Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SPB2137, the wheat maturation period was reduced by 9% (to the control), wheat yield increased by 58% due to a decrease in the development of root rot and septoria by 18%, the yellow rust pustules area by 44%; the productive bushiness and plant height increased by 25% and 19%, the plant vegetative weight by 21%, the spike length by 4%. The most expressed protective and growth-stimulating effect was shown by the Sphingomonas sp. K1B, which caused a maximum decrease (to the control) in the root rot and yellow rust development by 22% and 7%, the strips length by 22%, the pustules number in the strip by 29%, brown rust by 10%, septoria by 11%. Wheat plants were characterized by a large number and length of roots by 17% and 13%, root weight by 49%, a maximum increase in the nodal roots number and length by 15% and 17%; total bushiness by 34.5%; a maximum increase in plant vegetative weight by 37%; the spike length by 3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time palynological research was carried out on the Abrikosovsky settlement, located in the Krounovka river valley. This site is dated back to the epoch of the Bohai state (698–926). It was determined that during its existence there were transformations of surrounding landscape associated with climatic and anthropogenic causes. Several stages of the settlement development have been defined. Pollen of cultivated, edible wild plants and industrial crops were found in the cultural layer sediments. The inhabitants of the settlement could use stalks of nettle or hemp for the production of textiles. Reed could be one of the building materials (fascine making), its phytoliths were found in the cultural layer. It was determined that one of the natural disasters was recurring strong freshets and floods in the second half of the summer.

The transcriptional coactivators Clim/Ldb/Nli interact with nuclear Lim-domain-containing molecules as well as with some other transcription factors and can play important roles in processes of development and cell differentiation by affecting the formation of higher order activation complexes. Clim2, one of these Lim-domain binding proteins, is highly expressed in epidermis and in the outer root sheath and matrix cells of hair follicles, where it interacts with the LIM only factor LMO4. To study the possible involvement of Clim2 in skin development, we generated strain of transgenic mice expressing the dominant-negative form of Clim2 (dnClim2) under the control of the keratin 14 (K14) promoter. Expression of the K14 promoter is restricted to the basal cell layer of the epidermis and the outer root sheath of hair follicles. Beginning from the second hair cycle, K14-dnClim2 mice gradually developed hairless phenotype. Histological analysis has shown that the first hair cycle and the beginning of the second hair cycle in K14-dnClim2 mice are normal. However, the second catagen appears to be delayed. Morphologically hair follicles at this stage resemble the last step of normal anagen, but their growth and development are arrested, blocking the beginning of the third hair cycle. Our results suggest that Clim2/LMO4 transcriptional complexes play an important role in control of the hair cycle.

We have used collagen gel organ culture in serum-free chemically defined medium and monolayer culture to study the developmental potential of mouse anterior pituitary primordium, Rathke's pouch (RP). RP isolated from E9-9.5 mouse embryos generally do not grow well. However, they survive several days and a few corticotropes and gonadotropes were present in explants after 3-4 days of cultivation. It shows that at E9.5 mouse RP is already committed to an anterior pituitary fate but is incapable of autonomous growth and full-scale differentiation. To complete the developmental program, E9.5 RP requires signaling from the ventral diencephalon. RP from E10.5 mouse embryos are capable of autonomous growth and limited differentiation. Corticotrope and gonadotrope, but not Pit-1 lineages, differentiated in these explants. Finally, RP from E11.5 mouse embryos were capable of full-scale anterior pituitary differentiation under these conditions. A proper dorsoventral gradient distribution of transcription factors Isl-1, Lhx3, Prop-1, and Pit-1 and all anterior pituitary hormone-producing cell types were detected in these explants after 5-6 days of cultivation. Cells from E11.5 RP, but not from E9.5-10.5 RP, can be propagated at least several passages (more than 30 days), in monolayer culture. They lost almost all pituitary markers after several days of cultivation but preserved at least a limited competence to pituitary development. Significant numbers of corticotropes and gonadotropes were found when cells from monolayer cultures were plated in organ culture in contact with ventral diencephalon from e10.5-e11.5 mouse embryos.

Contemporary professionals’ education worldwide is based on Bloom’s taxonomy (Anderson/Krathwohl’s revision). This process is implemented as the “packaging” of individuals into rigid professional standards by transmitting accepted dogmas as value orientations. The training quality is measured through practice duration and education documentary evidence (formal records). However, individuals’ personalities extend beyond standards and include soft competencies determining the hard skills application in specific situations. They make professionals adaptable to the ever-changing reality, including the AI presence. Finally, every person aims at self-realization. Self-realization serves as the key internal motivator for effective and successful action (including in one’s profession) with no need for external motivators. Relying on soft competencies in profiling, management, and HR development in the medium and long term leads to significant savings in financial and other resources during the launch and professional activities’ implementation when they are an act of self-realization. Consequently, existing rigid standards already require complementing them with soft competency profiles (competency profiling). A soft profile is always broader than standards and contributes not only to forming a talent pool from students in secondary specialized educational institutions and universities, technical schools, and vocational schools but also to unleashing the potential of professionals already in the field.

The article reflects on helicity as the only invariant of incompressible flows. Topics discussed include identity diffeomorphism acts and projection of the relative homology class; examples of invariant functionals on the set of exact incompressible flows; and differentiable functionals of connected subsets.