Search

Idiopathic benign rolandic epilepsy, also known as benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS), is one of the commonly seen electroclinical epilepsy syndromes of childhood with a generally favorable long-term prognosis. We describe a 5-year-old female child who presented with recurrent focal seizures involving right side of face since the age of 6 months. She had no perinatal or postnatal insults, had normal development, and her neurological examination was unremarkable. Electroencephalogram showed rolandic spikes, suggesting BCETCS. Her seizures remained refractory to two appropriately dosed antiepileptic drugs. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain did not reveal any structural lesion. Interictal fluorodeoxyglucose 18F-positron emission tomography brain showed hypometabolism in the left lower rolandic region.

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis refers to linear or nodular thickening of the dura mater covering the brain and spinal cord following various inflammatory/infective processes. Usually, magnetic resonance imaging brain shows uniform thickening with enhancement of involved meninges. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings of pachymeningitis are rarely reported in literature. We describe the PET/CT findings of a patient with hypertrophic pachymeningitis involving the bilateral supraorbital regions depicting as “eyebrows” on brain maximum intensity projection image.

Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine secreting neuroendocrine tumor arising from chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla with approximate prevalence of 0.1 to 0.6% in patients suffering from hypertension. Hypertensive control followed by surgical resection remains the primary treatment of choice. Although it is considered a slow growing benign tumor, it rarely leads to recurrence of tumor in the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. Association of benign pheochromocytoma with familial or de novo Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutations is well reported in literature. Here, we report a case of metastatic pheochromocytoma arising from commonly seen benign VHL mutation.

Fetus and neonate are dependent maternal supply of calcium for maintaining the calcium profile in physiologic range. The disturbances in maternal calcium homeostasis leads to changes in the baby's calcium. Maternal investigations in neonatal hypocalcemia not only reveal the etiology in the baby but are sometime helpful in unmasking maternal disorder of calcium homeostasis.