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3. Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection in Indian HIV-Seropositive Men Who Have Sex With Men

Author

Raghavendran, Anantharam, Hernandez, Alexandra L, Lensing, Shelly, Gnanamony, Manu, Karthik, Rajiv, Sivasubramanian, Murgesan, Kannangai, Rajesh, Abraham, Priya, Mathai, Dilip, and Palefsky, Joel M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Urologic Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Clinical Research, HIV/AIDS, Cancer, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, India, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections, Penile Diseases, Penis, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Scrotum, Sexual Behavior, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Public Health, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundThe incidence of penile cancer in Indian men is high. Little is known about genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Indian HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM), a population that may be at particularly high risk for genital HPV infection and, potentially, penile cancer. In this study, we assessed the prevalence and risk factors for genital HPV infection in this population.Design and methodsThree hundred HIV-seropositive MSM were recruited from 2 clinical sites in India. They were tested for genital HPV infection using L1 HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction with probes specific for 29 types and a mixture of 10 additional types. Participants received an interviewer-administered questionnaire that included questions on demographics and behaviors.ResultsHuman papillomavirus data were available from 299 participants. The prevalence of any HPV type in the penis and scrotum was 55% and 54%, respectively. Human papillomavirus type 35 was the most common oncogenic HPV type followed by HPV-16. In multivariate analysis, being the insertive partner with 100+ male partners increased the odds of any penile HPV infection compared with not being insertive with any partners (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-5.1). Circumcision was protective against penile HPV infection (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.76).ConclusionsThe prevalence of penile and scrotal HPV infection was high among Indian HIV-seropositive MSM. The most common oncogenic HPV type in this population, HPV-35, is not included in any currently available HPV vaccines. Insertive anal sex with men and lack of circumcision were the primary risk factors for penile HPV infection in this population.

Published
2017

4. Prevalence of Anal HPV Infection Among HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men in India

Author

Hernandez, Alexandra L, Karthik, Rajiv, Sivasubramanian, Murugesan, Raghavendran, Anantharam, Gnanamony, Manu, Lensing, Shelly, Lee, Jeannette Y, Kannangai, Rajesh, Abraham, Priya, Mathai, Dilip, and Palefsky, Joel M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Sexual and Gender Minorities (SGM/LGBT*), Cancer, HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Prevention, Clinical Research, Digestive Diseases, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Anus Diseases, DNA, Viral, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, India, Male, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sexual Behavior, Young Adult, MSM, HPV, human papillomavirus, anal cancer, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Virology, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundIndia has a large population of HIV-positive individuals, including men who have sex with men (MSM), and the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers is high. In developed countries, HIV-positive MSM exhibit the highest prevalence of anal HPV infection and incidence of anal cancer. Little is known about anal HPV infection in HIV-positive Indian MSM.MethodsWe evaluated 300 HIV-positive MSM from 2 cities in India. Men were tested for anal HPV infection using L1-HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction with probes specific for 29 types and a mixture of 10 additional types. CD4 level and plasma HIV viral load were measured. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire including a sexual history.ResultsThe prevalence of anal HPV was 95% (95% confidence interval: 91% to 97%). The 3 most common types were HPV 35 (20%), HPV 16 (13%), and HPV 6/11 (13%). History of taking antiretroviral medications decreased risk of anal HPV 16 infection [relative risk (RR): 0.6 (0.4-1.0)]. Having an increased number of vaginal sex partners lowered risk of any anal HPV infection. Ever having receptive sex increased risk of any anal HPV [RR: 1.2 (1.1-1.4)] and anal HPV 16 [RR: 6.5 (1.8-107)].ConclusionsAlmost all Indian HIV-positive MSM had anal HPV infection. The prevalence of HPV 16 was lower and the prevalence of other oncogenic HPV types was higher than in similar populations in North America and Europe. Vaccine-based prevention strategies for HPV infection in India should consider potential differences in HPV type distribution among HIV-infected MSM when designing interventions.

Published
2016

9. Longitudinal assessment of HCV core antigen kinetics to monitor therapeutic response in the age of DAAs

Author

Ponnuvel, Suresh, primary, Prakash, Arul, additional, Steve, Runal John, additional, Doss, George Priya, additional, Goel, Ashish, additional, Zachariah, Uday George, additional, Eapen, Chundamannil Eapen, additional, Rebekah, Grace, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, Fletcher, Gnanadurai John, additional, and Abraham, Priya, additional

Published
2023
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10. Indian microbiology EQAS registered laboratory’s capacity building and infection control practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: Lessons learnt and gaps identified

Author

Murugesan, Malathi, primary, Raveendran, Reena, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, Ramasamy, Jagadish, additional, Ray, Pallab, additional, Gope, Mallika, additional, Natarajan, Venkateswaran, additional, Walia, Kamini, additional, Wattal, Chand, additional, and Veeraraghavan, Balaji, additional

Published
2022
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11. Upward trends of syphilis in the non-pregnant adults: A six-year report on clinical and epidemiological profile of syphilis from a tertiary care center, India

Author

Solaimalai, Dhanalakshmi, primary, Gupta, Ankan, additional, George, Leni, additional, Manesh, Abi, additional, Karthik, Rajiv, additional, Sathishkumar, Dharshini, additional, Peter, C. V Dincy, additional, Varghese, George M, additional, Pulimood, Susanne A, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, and Prakash, John AJ, additional

Published
2022
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13. The CCR5 Gene Edited CD34+CD90+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Population Serves as an Optimal Graft Source for HIV Gene Therapy

Author

Karuppusamy, Karthik V., primary, Demosthenes, John Paul, additional, Venkatesan, Vigneshwaran, additional, Christopher, Abisha Crystal, additional, Babu, Prathibha, additional, Azhagiri, Manojkumar K., additional, Jacob, Annlin, additional, Ramalingam, Veena Vadhini, additional, Rangaraj, Sumathi, additional, Murugesan, Mohankumar Kumarasamypet, additional, Marepally, Srujan Kumar, additional, Varghese, George M., additional, Srivastava, Alok, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, and Thangavel, Saravanabhavan, additional

Published
2022
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15. Indian microbiology EQAS registered laboratory’s capacity building and infection control practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in India: Lessons learnt and gaps identified

Author

Murugesan, Malathi, Raveendran, Reena, Kannangai, Rajesh, Ramasamy, Jagadish, Ray, Pallab, Gope, Mallika, Natarajan, Venkateswaran, Walia, Kamini, Wattal, Chand, and Veeraraghavan, Balaji

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic was unique in the history of outbreaks because of the massive scaling up of resources related to diagnostics, treatment modalities, and vaccines. To understand the impact of the pandemic among laboratory professionals, we aimed to conduct a survey to assess the improvement in the lab capacity post-covid in terms of infrastructure and accreditation status across various levels of hospitals and to determine the changes in the practice of infection control precautions during the pandemic.

Published
2023
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18. Internal quality control for HIV testing of blood donors - Dried tube specimen as a cost-effective alternative.

Author

Dhoot, Ashish, Mammen, Joy, Mathews, Nitty, Kannangai, Rajesh, Daniel, Dolly, and Prasannakumar, S

Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections, BLOOD chemical analysis, BLOOD banks, MEDICAL screening, BLOOD collection, QUALITY assurance, COST analysis, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, DATA analysis software
Abstract

BACKGROUND: An important aspect of ensuring blood safety is the performance of mandatory serological testing for transfusion transmissible infections. The practice of internal quality control (IQC) in blood banks in India is nonuniform, especially the use of third-party materials. Cited reasons are cost, lack of access to control materials, and need for deep-freezers for storage, if prepared in-house. OBJECTIVE: Validation of dried tube specimen (DTS) from HIV-positive plasma as a low-cost, stable material for use as IQC material in blood banks. METHODS: Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) prepared from four HIV-positive blood-donors were pooled. Equal numbers of seronegative FFPs were pooled. Twenty microlitre aliquots of plasma were made in micro-centrifuge tubes and air-dried overnight at room-temperature. These were stored in 2–8°C refrigerators and tested once weekly for 6 months on multiple platforms with different detection principles: Rapid tests, second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fourth-generation ELISA, and fourth-generation Chemiluminescence immunoassay. The protocol was sustained over the next 6 months with decreased testing frequency to study the extended stability of DTS. RESULTS: A total of 139 positive-DTS and 139 negative-DTS were tested with 100% samples showing consistent results on all platforms over 1 year. There was mild deterioration in reaction strengths, which did not interfere in result interpretations. CONCLUSION: Plasma in form of DTS maintained stability when stored at 2–8°C for 1 year. This provides evidence that DTS can be a modality for the production of cost-effective, stable, in-house control material for resource-restricted countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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20. HIV-2 subtype circulating in India (south)

Author

Kannangai, Rajesh, Shaji, Ramchandran V., Ramalingam, Sandeep, Jesudason, Mary V., Abraham, Oriapadickal C., George, Renu, Shanmugam, Arvindh P., Schwartz, David H., and Sridharan, Gopalan

Subjects
India -- Health aspects, HIV (Viruses) -- Research, Nucleotide sequence -- Research, Health
Published
2003

21. The CCR5 Gene Edited CD34+CD90+ Hematopoietic Stem Cell Population Serves as an Optimal Graft Source for HIV Gene Therapy.

Author

Karuppusamy, Karthik V., Demosthenes, John Paul, Venkatesan, Vigneshwaran, Christopher, Abisha Crystal, Babu, Prathibha, Azhagiri, Manojkumar K., Jacob, Annlin, Ramalingam, Veena Vadhini, Rangaraj, Sumathi, Murugesan, Mohankumar Kumarasamypet, Marepally, Srujan Kumar, Varghese, George M., Srivastava, Alok, Kannangai, Rajesh, and Thangavel, Saravanabhavan

Subjects
HEMATOPOIETIC stem cells, GENOME editing, GENE therapy, CHEMOKINE receptors, CELL populations
Abstract

Transplantation of allogenic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) Δ32 genotype generates HIV-1 resistant immune cells. CCR5 gene edited autologous HSPCs can be a potential alternative to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-matched CCR5 null donor. However, the clinical application of gene edited autologous HSPCs is critically limited by the quality of the graft, as HIV also infects the HSPCs. In this study, by using mobilized HSPCs from healthy donors, we show that the CD34+CD90+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) express 7-fold lower CD4/CCR5 HIV receptors, higher levels of SAMHD1 anti-viral restriction factor, and possess lower susceptibility to HIV infection than the CD34+CD90- hematopoietic progenitor cells. Further, the treatment with small molecule cocktail of Resveratrol, UM729 and SR1(RUS) improved the in vivo engraftment potential of CD34+CD90+ HSCs. To demonstrate that CD34+CD90+ HSC population as an ideal graft for HIV gene therapy, we sort purified CD34+CD90+ HSCs, treated with RUS and then gene edited the CCR5 with single sgRNA. On transplantation, 100,000 CD34+CD90+ HSCs were sufficient for long-term repopulation of the entire bone marrow of NBSGW mice. Importantly, the gene editing efficiency of ~90% in the infused product was maintained in vivo , facilitating the generation of CCR5 null immune cells, resistant to HIV infection. Altogether, CCR5 gene editing of CD34+CD90+ HSCs provide an ideal gene manipulation strategy for autologous HSCT based gene therapy for HIV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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24. Evaluating the PGMY-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Assay as a Cost-effective Tool for Human Papillomavirus Genotyping in HIV-infected Women

Author

Baliga, Pallavi Ravindra, primary, Anantharam, Raghavendran, additional, Thomas, Vinotha, additional, Rupali, Priscilla, additional, Chopra, Manu, additional, Pulimood, Susanne, additional, Lionel, Jessie, additional, Peedicayil, Abraham, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, Gnanamony, Manu, additional, and Abraham, Priya, additional

Published
2019
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25. Interaction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-2 Capsid Amino Acid Variants with Human Tripartite Motif 5α Protein SPRY Domain and its Association with Pathogenesis

Author

Ramalingam, Veena Vadhini, primary, Subramanian, Suganya, additional, Fletcher, G.John, additional, Rupali, Priscilla, additional, Varghese, George, additional, Pulimood, Susanne, additional, Jeyaseelan, Lakshmanan, additional, Nandagopal, Balaji, additional, Sridharan, Gopalan, additional, and Kannangai, Rajesh, additional

Published
2019
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28. Characteristics of Treatment-naïve HBV-Infected Individuals with HIV-1 Coinfection: A Cross-sectional Study from South India

Author

Demosthenes, John Paul, primary, Sachithanandham, Jaiprasath, additional, Fletcher, Gnanadurai John, additional, Zachariah, Uday George, additional, Varghese, George Mathew, additional, John Daniel, Hubert Darius, additional, Jeyaseelan, Lakshmanan, additional, Abraham, Priya, additional, and Kannangai, Rajesh, additional

Published
2019
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30. Performance of an In-House Real-Time PCR Assay for Detecting Cytomegalovirus Infection among Transplant Patients from a Tertiary Care Centre

Author

Duraisamy, Santhosh Kumar, primary, Mammen, Shoba, additional, Lakshminarayan, Sasi Kumar Reddy, additional, Verghese, Susan, additional, Moorthy, Mahesh, additional, George, Biju, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, Varghese, Santosh, additional, Srivastava, Alok, additional, and Abraham, Asha Mary, additional

Published
2018
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33. Effect of Interleukin-28B Polymorphism on Interleukin-28 Expression and Immunological Recovery amongst HIV-1-Infected Individuals Following Antiretroviral Therapy

Author

Srinidhi, B.V., primary, Fletcher, G.John, additional, Sachidanantham, Jaiprasath, additional, Rupali, Priscilla, additional, Ramalingam, Veena Vadhini, additional, Demosthenes, J.P., additional, Abraham, O.C., additional, Pulimood, Susanne A., additional, Rebekah, Grace, additional, and Kannangai, Rajesh, additional

Published
2017
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34. Role of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals from India (South)

Author

Paul, Hema, Peter, Dincy, Pulimood, Susanne, Abraham, Oriapadickal, Mathai, Elezabeth, Prasad, Jasmine, and Kannangai, Rajesh

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Diagnosis, Trichomonas vaginalis -- Diagnosis, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Byline: Hema. Paul, Dincy. Peter, Susanne. Pulimood, Oriapadickal. Abraham, Elezabeth. Mathai, Jasmine. Prasad, Rajesh. Kannangai Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite and an etiological agent for trichomoniasis, a sexually [...]

Published
2012

35. Interaction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-2 Capsid Amino Acid Variants with Human Tripartite Motif 5αProtein SPRY Domain and its Association with Pathogenesis

Author

Ramalingam, Veena Vadhini, Subramanian, Suganya, Fletcher, G.John, Rupali, Priscilla, Varghese, George, Pulimood, Susanne, Jeyaseelan, Lakshmanan, Nandagopal, Balaji, Sridharan, Gopalan, and Kannangai, Rajesh

Abstract

Purpose:The sequence variation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) capsid region may influence and alter the susceptibility to human tripartite motif 5αprotein (huTRIM5α). Materials and Methods:Molecular docking was carried out with huTRIM5αSPRY domain by the use of ClusPro and Hex docking program for HIV-1 and HIV-2 capsid sequences. Results:The sequence analysis on HIV-1 and HIV-2 capsid gag gene identified 35 (19.7%) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HIV-1 and 8 (4.5%) SNPs in HIV-2. The variations observed in the HIV-2 capsid region were significantly lower than HIV-1 (P< 0.001). The molecular docking analysis showed that HIV-1 wild type used V1 loop, while HIV-2 used V3 loop of huTRIM5αfor interaction. HIV-1 with A116T SNP and HIV-2 with V81A SNP use V3 and V1 loop of huTRIM5α for interaction respectively. The reduced huTRIM5αinhibition may lead to a faster progression of disease among HIV-1-infected individuals. However, in case of HIV-2, increased inhibition by huTRIM5αslows down the disease progression. Conclusion:Polymorphisms in the capsid protein with both HIV-1- and HIV-2-monoinfected individuals showed the difference in the docking energy from the wild type. This is the first study which documents the difference in the usage of loop between the two HIV types for interaction with huTRIM5α. Variations in the capsid protein result in alteration in the binding to the restriction factor huTRIM5α.

Published
2019
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40. Early detection, reactivation of cytomegalovirus DNA & immediate early (IE)-mRNA expression in a hemetopoitic stem cell-transplant patient

Author

Thomas, Sangeeta, Duraisamy, Santhosh Kumar, Ahmed, Rayaz, Abraham, Aby, Vishwabandhya, Auro, Mathews, Vikram, Srivastava, Alok, Prasanna, Kannangai, Rajesh, Abraham, O.C., George, Biju, and Abraham, Asha Mary

Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among stem cell transplant recipients post-transplantation.

Published
2023
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44. Dysregulation of the Hedgehog pathway in human hepatocarcinogenesis

Author

Sicklick, Jason K., primary, Li, Yin-Xiong, additional, Jayaraman, Aruna, additional, Kannangai, Rajesh, additional, Qi, Yi, additional, Vivekanandan, Perumal, additional, Ludlow, John W., additional, Owzar, Kouros, additional, Chen, Wei, additional, Torbenson, Michael S., additional, and Diehl, Anna Mae, additional

Published
2005
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