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In order to solve the problem of graphics processing unit (GPU) memory access conflicts possibly caused by the disorder of particles and enhance the computation efficiency, an improved GPU acceleration strategy is proposed by establishing particle reorder technology. The acceleration strategy is applied to the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate the dam breaking with obstacles in three dimensions, and the algorithm is verified by comparing with the experimental results, which obtained a high calculation accuracy. Based on this benchmark example of the SPH, the studies on the effect of particle renumbering and the solution efficiency of the algorithm are conducted by comparing the simulations of different hardware facilities. The results indicate that the particle reorder technology can ensure a stable single-step running time, and can effectively solve the problem of graphic card memory access conflicts that commonly exist in the GPU-SPH algorithm. Furthermore, the GPU parallel algorithm can greatly improve the solution efficiency of the SPH method, and with the increase of particle number, the advantage of drastically reducing the computation time becomes more obvious. The method proposed in this paper provides the possibility to expand the application of the SPH method to solve 3D numerical simulations.

Icing poses significant threats to the safety and reliability of structures in cold regions, thus prompting researchers to explore deicing methods. This paper establishes a bubble deicing system and investigates the utilization of bubble pulsation energy for removing ice from frozen structures. Traditional deicing methods suffer from issues such as high energy consumption, severe environmental pollution, and secondary icing. To address these challenges and advance the development of deicing technology, harnessing the substantial energy generated by bubble pulsation can be employed for effective deicing purposes. Through experimental analysis, this study successfully demonstrates the feasibility of employing cavitation for deicing applications. Several experimental cases are conducted to elucidate the mechanism behind bubble-energy-based deicing, varying parameters including the distance between bubbles and targets as well as ice sheet thickness within a range of 5~35 mm. The findings indicate that bubbles can effectively facilitate deicing processes. Further exploration is required to fully understand the potential of bubble deicing technology and its prospects in engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: Glioma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor in the central nervous system (CNS). Glioblastoma is highly malignant and aggressive, and the prognosis of patients with recurrent glioblastoma is very poor. This study aimed to screen the genes related to the recurrent glioblastoma, and analyze the relationship between their expressions, clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in glioma. Methods: By mining the relevant datasets of the primary and recurrent cases of glioblastoma in the GEO database, the differentially expressed gene (DEG) in the samples of primary and recurrent glioblastomas were screened and analyzed. All DEGs analyses were carried out in ontology function and pathway enrichment. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and used for screening Hub gene. Key genes were intersected by PPI network and Venn diagram, and the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database were analyzed for association of key gene expressions and survival status. Key genes were furtherly analyzed to determine the relationship between their expressions and clinicopathological parameters of glioma. Results: There were 40 DEG screened in the dataset GSE62153, including 34 up-regulated genes and 6 down-regulated genes. There were 19 DEG screened in the dataset GSE58399, including 16 up-regulated genes and 3 down-regulated genes. Go functional analyses showed that the DEG of GSE62153 were mainly involved in 11 physiological processes, such as central nervous system development, myelin sheath, actin binding, central nervous system myelination. The DEG of GSE58399 were mainly enriched in the positive regulation of epithelial cell migration. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment showed that the datasets GSE62153 and GSE58399 were both enriched in histidine metabolism. By using the STRING database, the core of PPI network was constructed with 20 protein molecules. A total of 10 hub genes were screened, including MOBP, OPALIN, ERMN, PLP1, MOG, CLDN11, ASPA, TMEM125, KLK6 and NKX6-2 gene. The key genes for recurrent glioblastoma were ERMN, MOG and MOBP gene. Based on analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and CGGA databases, the prognosis of patients with high expressions of ERMN, MOG and MOBP was favorable compared with the low expression group. The expression levels of key genes in glioblastoma were lower compared with the control tissues (P

Emulsified meat products contain high animal fat content, and excessive intake of animal fat is not good for health, so people are paying more and more attention to reduced-fat meat products. This study investigated the impact of varying proportions of pork back-fat and/or resistant starch on the proximate composition, water and fat retention, texture properties, color, and rheology characteristic of pork batter. The results found that replacing pork back-fat with resistant starch and ice water significantly decreased the total lipid and energy contents of cooked pork batter (p < 0.05) while improving emulsion stability, cooking yield, texture, and rheology properties. Additionally, when the pork back-fat replacement ratio was no more than 50%, there was a significant increase in emulsion stability, cooking yield, hardiness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and L* and G' values (p < 0.05). Furthermore, resistant starch and ice water enhanced myosin head and tail thermal stability and increased G' value at 80 °C. However, the initial relaxation times significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and the peak ratio of P21 significantly increased from 84.62% to 94.03%, suggesting reduced fluidity of water. In conclusion, it is feasible to use resistant starch and ice water as a substitute for pork back-fat in order to produce reduced-fat pork batter with favorable gel and rheology properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetic study of bitumen extraction from oil sands is significant for efficiency improvement and reactor design in industrial applications. Here, an improved pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model was established with the assumption of a constant Sherwood number, which took into account the mass transfer area. Five organic solvents were used for the extraction kinetics of the prepared bitumen microbeads. The improved pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model exhibited excellent fitting effects. Petroleum ether/dichloromethane was proved to be the best solvent. The results also showed an exponential decrease in the diameter of the bitumen microbeads and a linear increase in mass transfer coefficients with time for all the solvents. The kinetics of bitumen extraction from oil sands using different solvents were predicted according to the corresponding average mass transfer coefficients. The experimental results confirmed that the improved kinetic model was capable of describing the mass transfer process of bitumen extraction from oil sands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]