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7. New Insight into Genotypic and Phenotypic Relatedness of Staphylococcus aureusStrains from Human Infections or Animal Reservoirs

Author

LISOWSKA-ŁYSIAK, KLAUDIA, KOSECKA-STROJEK, MAJA, BIAŁECKA, JOANNA, KASPROWICZ, ANDRZEJ, GARBACZ, KATARZYNA, PIECHOWICZ, LIDIA, KMET, VLADIMIR, SAVINI, VINCENZO, and MIĘDZOBRODZKI, JACEK

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureusis a common human and livestock opportunistic pathogen, and there is evidence of animal to human transmission. This paper aimed to recognize properties of the isolates from collections of human and livestock S. aureusstrains and to estimate compatibility of results based on phenotypic tests, microarrays and the spatyping methods. The second goal was to study differences between human and animal isolates in terms of specificity of their hosts and the strain transmission among various hosts. Most strains showed multi-susceptible profiles and produced enzymes on a high level, and they were phenotypically and genetically similar. However, in contrast to the Polish bovine mastitis strains, the Slovakian strains were multi-resistant. In this research, the strains showed significant differences in terms of their phenotypic manifestations and the presence of hemolysins genes; however, other enzyme-encoding genes correlated to a higher extent with the microarrays results. Interestingly, there was a lack of enterotoxin genes in human Poultry-like protein A+ strains in comparison to other human strains. Our study showed that differences between virulence profiles of the human and animal strains correlated with their origin rather than their hosts, and any trait allowed clearly distinguishing between them based on the microarray results. more...

Published
2019
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9. Virulence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from rooks.

Author

Kmet V, Drugdova Z, Kmetova M, and Stanko M

Subjects
Animals, Crows microbiology, Disease Reservoirs microbiology, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Escherichia coli pathogenicity, Escherichia coli Proteins metabolism, Feces microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests veterinary, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis veterinary, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Seasons, Slovakia, Virulence Factors metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli Proteins genetics, Virulence Factors genetics
Abstract

With regard to antibiotic resistance studies in various model animals in the urban environment, the presented study focused on the rook, many behavioural and ecological aspects of which are important from an epidemiological point of view. A total of 130 Escherichia coli strains isolated from rook faeces during a two-year period (2011-2012) were investigated for antibiotic resistance and virulence. Resistance to ampicillin (60%) and streptomycin (40%) were the most frequent, followed by resistance to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin-22% and enrofloxacin-24%), tetracycline (18%), cotrimoxazol (17%) and florfenicol (14%). Ceftiofur resistance occured in 10.7% of strains and cefquinom resistance in 1.5% of strains. Twenty-five E.coli strains with a higher level of MICs of cephalosporins (over 2mg/L of ceftazidime and ceftriaxon) and fluoroquinolones were selected for detection of betalactamase genes (CTX-M, CMY), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnrS, integrase 1, and for APEC (avian pathogenic E.coli) virulence factors (iutA, cvaC, iss, tsh, ibeA, papC, kpsII). Genes of CTX-M1, CMY-2, integrase 1, papC, cvaC, iutA were detected in one strain of E.coli, and qnrS, integrase 1, iss, cvaC, tsh were detected in another E.coli. DNA microarray revealed the absence of verotoxin and enterotoxin genes and pathogenicity islands. The results show that rooks can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli with avian pathogenic virulence factors for the human population, and potentially transmit such E.coli over long distances. more...

Published
2013