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Objective: To determine the current status of flea and methods of struggling with it in small ruminant farms in the villages of Uşak namely Eşme, Ulubey, Karahallı, Sivaslı and Banaz districts.Material and Methods: The research material consisted of 170 small ruminant farms selected from the provincial Agriculture and Forestry Directorate records in the province center of Uşak and 5 different districts (Eşme, Ulubey, Karahallı, Sivaslı and Banaz).Results: In the study, when the situation is analyzed according to the basic production branch, while milk yield is at the forefront in all districts (40-70%), the ratio of farms that make fattening animals is 20%. While 66-86% of the enterprises purchase the feed from commercial enterprises, the procurement rate is very low (2-30%) while purchasing the feed in its own land. It was also found that the incidence of fleas in herds is low, except for Karahallı district (10-29%). The highest incidence of fleas in herds is in Sivaslı (70%) and the lowest in Ulubey (41%). The animal age group in which fleas are seen most frequently in farms is offspring and this rate varies between 10-66%. Ear (6.2-20%) is the region where the flea is seen in the body relatively in the least, and its breast and circumference (2-30%). The region where the flea is most common is the ridge (20-50%). Conclusion: It is necessary to examine and treat the animals in the small ruminant of Uşak province periodically in terms of fleas. The importance of the subject should be explained well with the training studies to be given to sheep and goat breeders., Amaç: Uşak ili merkez, Eşme, Ulubey, Karahallı, Sivaslı ve Banaz ilçelerine bağlı köylerde bulunan küçükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinde pirenin mevcut durumu ve bununla yapılan mücadele yöntemleri hakkında bir durum tespiti yapmaktır.Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma materyalini, Uşak ili merkez ile 5 ayrı ilçede (Eşme, Ulubey, Karahallı, Sivaslı ve Banaz) İl Tarım ve Orman Müdürlüğü kayıtlarından gayeli örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 170 küçükbaş işletmesi oluşturmuştur.Araştırma Bulguları: Çalışmada, temel üretim dalına göre durum incelendiğinde tüm ilçelerde süt verimi ön planda iken (%40-70) besi/kasaplık hayvan yapan işletmelerin oranı %20 ve bunun altında gerçekleşmiştir. İşletmelerinin %66-86’sı yemini satın alma yoluyla temin ederken, yemini kendi yetiştirenlerin oranı oldukça düşüktür (%2-30). Çalışmada, Karahallı ilçesi dışında sürülerde pire görülme oranı düşüktür (%10-29). Pirenin sürülerde görülmeme oranı en yüksek Sivaslı (%70) en düşük Ulubey (%41) ilçesindedir. İşletmelerde pirenin en çok görüldüğü hayvan yaş grubu yavrular olup bu oran %10-66 arasında değişmektedir. İşletmelerinde pirenin vücutta göreli olarak en az görüldüğü bölge kulak (%6.2-20) olup bunu meme ve çevresi (%2-30) olmuştur. Pirenin genel olarak en yoğun görüldüğü bölge sırttır (%20-50). Sonuç: Uşak ili küçükbaş hayvancılık işletmelerinde bulunan hayvanların düzenli aralıklarla pire yönünden muayene ve tedavilerinin yapılması gerekir. Koyun ve keçi yetiştiricilerine verilecek eğitim çalışmalarıyla da konunun önemi iyi anlatılmalıdır.

Buçalışmanın amacı, ovariohisterektominin klinik olarak sağlıklı köpeklerdehematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine olan etkisini ortaya koymak vebu parametrelerin sıklıkla yapılan bu ameliyatın herhangi bir komplikasyonunutanımlamak için kullanılıp kullanılamayacağını belirlemekti. Çalışmada gebeolmayan 8 sağlıklı dişi köpek (1-3 yaş) kullanıldı. Kan örnekleriovariohisterektomi yapılmadan hemen önce ve OVH sonrası 1 ile 7 gün arasındatoplandı. Hematolojik parametreler ve AST, ALT, CK-MB, CRP, CHOL, TG, LDL veHDL seviyeleri belirlendi. Operasyon öncesi ve sonrası istatistikselfarklılıklar, WBC, RBC, AST, CRP ve TG seviyelerinde bulundu. Diğerbiyokimyasal parametrelerde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı. Çalışmanınsonuçları, sağlıklı köpeklerin bazı hematolojik ve biyokimyasalparametrelerinin anestezi ve ameliyattan etkilendiğini ortaya koydu., Thepresent study was conducted to identify the effect of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) onroutine measures of hematological and biochemical variables in clinicallyhealthy dogs. Non-pregnant 8 healthy female dogs were contained in the study. Bloodsamples were collected immediately before ovariohysterectomy and between 1 to 7days throughout after OVH. Hematological parameters and levels of AST, ALT, CK-MB,CRP, CHOL, TG, LDL, and HDL were determined. The statistical differences were found in the WBC, RBC, AST, CRP, and TGlevels between the pre and postoperative. There were no significant differencesof other biochemical parameters. The results of the study revealed that somehematological and biochemical parameters of healthy dogs are affected byanesthesia and surgery.

Ovulatory response to the first GnRH of Ovsynch is a very important factor for determining the outcome of a successful synchronization. The aim of the present study was to develop a protocol to increase the percentage of cows that ovulated in response to the first administration of Ovsynch. This study was designed to compare ovulation rates in response to GnRH or hCG at the beginning of Ovsynch and to evaluate the effects of this manipulation on pregnancy. Cows (n = 371) with corpus luteum (CL) and at least one follicle greater than 10 mm diameter size on either ovary were included in the study. Cows were divided into two groups. The Ovsynch protocol began with GnRH (10 mu g) in the GPO group (n = 161; GnRH-7d-PGF2 alpha-56h-GnRH-18h-AI), whereas in the HPG group, the first GnRH of the Ovsynch was replaced with 1500 IU hCG (n = 210; hCG-7d-PGF2 alpha-56h-GnRH-18h-AI). Ovarian ultrasonography was performed at the times of GnRH or hCG and of PGF2 alpha administration, at the time of artificial insemination (AI) and seven days after Al, to determine ovulation. Maximal follicle size at the beginning of the Ovsynch did not affect on response to the first GnRH/hCG treatment. Conception rate (31 d) was 0.6 times more likely to be higher (P < 0.001) in cows that responded to the first hormonal administration of Ovsynch than in those that did not respond (95% CI = 0.29-0.71). Conception rate was found to be different between the HPG (37.6%, 79/210) and the GPO groups (48.4%, 78/161). Thus, beginning of the Ovsynch protocol with hCG did not increase ovulation and conception rate in lactating dairy cows, suggesting that hCG is not a suitable replacement of the first GnRH of Ovsynch. However, our results do show that increasing the ovulation rate in response to the first hormonal administration of Ovsynch can have a significant effect on conception rate. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.