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29. On the Utilization of Pozzolanic Wastes as an Alternative Resource of Cement.

Author

Rezaul Karim, Md., Maruf Hossain, Md., Newaz Khan, Mohammad Nabi, Mohd Zain, Muhammad Fauzi, Jamil, Maslina, and Fook Chuan Lai

Subjects
POZZUOLANAS, POZZOLANIC reaction, ALKALIES, SODIUM hydroxide, SCANNING electron microscopy
Abstract

Recently, as a supplement of cement, the utilization of pozzolanic materials in cement and concrete manufacturing has increased significantly. This study investigates the scope to use pozzolanic wastes (slag, palm oil fuel ash and rice husk ash) as an alkali activated binder (AAB) that can be used as an alternative to cement. To activate these materials, sodium hydroxide solution was used at 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 molar concentration added into the mortar, separately. The required solution was used to maintain the flow of mortar at 110% ± 5%. The consistency and setting time of the AAB-paste were determined. Mortar was tested for its flow, compressive strength, porosity, water absorption and thermal resistance (heating at 700 °C) and investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results reveal that AAB-mortar exhibits less flow than that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Surprisingly, AAB-mortars (with 2.5 molar solution) achieved a compressive strength of 34.3 MPa at 28 days, while OPC shows that of 43.9 MPa under the same conditions. Although water absorption and porosity of the AAB-mortar are slightly high, it shows excellent thermal resistance compared to OPC. Therefore, based on the test results, it can be concluded that in the presence of a chemical activator, the aforementioned pozzolans can be used as an alternative material for cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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30. Percentage Coverage of Tropical Climbing Plants of Green Facade

Author

Khairul, Mohd, Mat, Azhar, Fairuz, Mohd, Jamil, Maslina, Fauzi, Mohd, and Zain, Mohd

Abstract

Green facade (GF) is one of vertical greenery systems used as passive solutions applied on building facade in improving indoor thermal environment and energy efficiency. However, optimum improvement of thermal environment from GF is dependent on the overall foliage coverage established on the system itself. Higher percentage coverage of the foliage is expected to regulate and lessen the heat transfer toward inside environment. Therefore, this study is to investigate the potential of selected tropical climbing plants in establishing foliage coverage on the GF. Three selected tropical species of climbers used on green facade; i.e. Anemopaegma chamberlaynii (AC), Antigonon leptopus (AL), and Quisqualis indica (QI). A small-scale experiment with small scale size of freestanding walls (1.5 m (height) x 1.0 m (width) x 0.15 m (thick)) attached with GFs (modular trellis) and planter boxes at ground were built for this study. Despite small size leaf, AC performed consistently and has the highest percentage coverage throughout the measurement period with average of 86.5 %. The dominant trait of AC which is vigorous and fast growth rate contributed to the dense and almost fully covered the trellis structure of green facade. Higher percentage coverage also estimated to generate an instantaneous effect on thermal environment modification.

Published
2018

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