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Recurrent nerve laryngeal schwannoma is a rare benign tumor that, in expert hands, can be treated by transoral CO2 laser surgery.

Room-temperature ball milling technique has been successfully employed to fabricate copper-zinc graphene nanocomposite by high-energy ball milling of elemental Cu, Zn, and graphene. Copper powder reinforced with 1-wt.% nanographene sheets were mechanically milled with 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% Zn powder. The ball-to-powder weight ratio was selected to be 10:1 with a 400-rpm milling speed. Hexane and methanol were used as a process control agent (PCA) during composite fabrication. The effect of PCA on the composite microstructure was studied. The obtained composites were compacted by a uniaxial press under 700 MPa. The compacted samples were sintered under a controlled atmosphere at 1023 K for 90 min. The microstructure, mechanical, and tribological properties of the prepared Cu-Zn GrNSs nanocomposites were studied. All results indicated that composites using hexane as PCA had a uniform microstructure with higher densities. The densities of sintered samples were decreased gradually by increasing the Zn percent. The obtained composite contained 10 wt.% Zn had a more homogeneous microstructure, low porosity, higher Vickers hardness, and compression strength, while the composite contained 15 wt.% Zn recorded the lowest wear rate. Both the electrical and thermal conductivities were decreased gradually by increasing the Zn content.

This work investigates the feasibility of using friction stir welding (FSW) process as a groove filling welding technique to weld duplex stainless steel (DSS) that is extensively used by petroleum service companies and marine industries. For the FSW experiments, three different groove geometries without root gap were designed and machined in a DSS plates 6.5 mm thick. FSW were carried out to produce butt-joints at a constant tool rotation rate of 300 rpm, traverse welding speed of 25 mm/min, and tilt angle of 3o using tungsten carbide (WC) tool. For comparison, the same DSS plates were welded using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The produced joints were evaluated and characterized using radiographic inspection, optical microscopy, and hardness and tensile testing. Electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) was used to examine the grain structure and phases before and after FSW. The initial results indicate that FSW were used successfully to weld DSS joints with different groove designs with defect-free joints produced using the 60° V-shape groove with a 2 mm root face without root gap. This friction stir welded (FSWed) joint was further investigated and compared with the GTAW joint. The FSWed joint microstructure mainly consists of α and γ with significant grain refining, the GTWA weld contains different austenitic-phase (γ) morphologies such as grain boundary austenite (GBA), intragranular austenite precipitates (IGA), and Widmanstätten austenite (WA) besides the ferrite phase (α) in the weld zone (WZ) due to the used high heat input and 2209 filler rod. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of the FSWed joint are enhanced over the GTAW weldment by 21%, 41%, and 66% and over the BM by 65%, 33%, and 54%, respectively. EBSD investigation showed a significant grain refining after FSW with grain size average of 1.88 µm for austenite and 2.2 µm for ferrite.

Background. Fabry disease (FD) is a rare genetic lysosomal disease with an estimated prevalence of 1:100000. Mutations on the GLA gene lead to alpha-galactosidase deficiency and multiorgan involvement due to sphingolipid accumulation. Our aim was to present and analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of the Fabry patients in Romania. Methods. All known Fabry patients in Romania between 2015-2018 were prospectively included in the study. Data on personal history, family history and clinical parameters were collected and statistically analyzed. Results. The study included 42 patients with a mean age of 47±15 years, of which 19 (45%) were men and 23 (55%) women. Women were significantly older (52±15 years vs. 40±13 years, p=0.006) and presented similar prevalence of cardiac, renal, neurologic, ophthalmologic and otologic burden. The majority of patients presented organ damage, most prevalent being cardiac (48%), cutaneous (45%) and neurologic (52%) involvements. There were 20 families in total, comprising on average of 2.1 members each. Of the 20 families, only two had the same pathogenic GLA mutation. Conclusion. FD patients in our country show a significant degree of multiorgan involvement with important psychological and social impact on the patients and their families. Women with Fabry disease show similar disease burden as men, but at a later age.

In the modern economy the import substitution is an exceptional and temporary measure in the modern term. All states use or have used protectionist policies in their history due to the fact that there is a positive relationship between protectionism measures and the growth of gross national income. Active course on import substitution taken in Russia in 2014 after the introduction of Russian and anti-Russian economic sanctions. On August 4, 2015, at a meeting of the Government of the Russian Federation the decision was made to establish a Government Commission on Import Substitution. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 4, 2015 No. 785 “On the establishment of a government commission on import substitution”, in which the composition of the commission is approved, were signed by the Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev. Analysis of the current state of the pharmaceutical and medical industry indicates its lag behind similar industries of economically developed countries in the range of products. While maintaining this trend the health of citizens of the Russian Federation as the most important component of the national security of the Russian Federation becomes dependent on foreign economic conditions. In this regard the innovative development of the domestic pharmaceutical and medical industry, especially for the production of drugs that are actively used in pediatrics, including neonatology, is one of the priorities of the modernization of the economy of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. Pneumococcal infection causes most severe cases of pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, and otitis, especially dangerous for those for one reason or another weakened immune system. In this regard WHO recommends vaccination as the most effective way to prevent infectious diseases, including those caused by pneumococcal infection.

Isolation and identification of new microbial isolates capable of producing cholesterol oxidase enzyme (CHO) is of great potential in the field of biotechnology of industrial enzymes. Four producing strains of actinomycetes were isolated from Egyptian soils demonstrated high activity in cholesterol degradation compared to the other isolates. Based on different standard morphological, biochemical as well as molecular techniques using 16S rRNA sequencing, these actinomycetes were identified as Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH3 MK680299, Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 MK680300 , Streptomyces griseus strain NHIA_CH6 MK680301 and Streptomyces drozdowiczii strain NHIA_CH10 MK680302. In order to optimize the CHO enzyme activity, different fermentation media were tested in submerged cultures at shake flask level. Maximum activity (23.7 U/mL) was observed in culture of Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 which was scaled up to the 5L volume of the stirred tank bioreactor. Results of the batch fermentation showed an earlier production of CHO enzyme with 4% increase in activity compared to that obtained from shake flask cultures indicated that Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 could be a potential source of CHO enzyme for commercial purpose.

Handset charger is device which charges a cellphone from an available direct current (DC) source. Moreover, a DC cellphone charger forms as an integral part of a cellphone package which is being used in conjunctions with san alternating current (AC) power supply. A simple off-line fly back switch mode buck converter charger is designed and implemented to charge cell phone from an AC source. The circuit is targeted to operate on universal input voltage range of 85 to 265 V AC. Minimizing cost and size, the circuit was designed to operate on a high frequency transformer. The design was first conducted on MULTISIM software to ascertain its working conditions before the construction procedure. Tools and materials were chosen based on their simplicity and availability in most of our local electronics shops. The charger was tested on different cell phones and found working satisfactory. The performance analysis shows that its power rating is about 4 watts.

Purpose: In this study, effects of sports and science high school students’ sports activity levels on their body composition and bone development level were investigated. Material and Method: A total of 59 participants were voluntarily included in the study in which 29 people were the experimental group from Elazıg Kaya Karakaya Sports High School with a mean age of 17.10±1.25 (years) and 30 people were the control group fr om Diyarbakır RekabetKurumu High School with a mean age of 17.70±1.67 (years ). Sports activity of Sports High school students was found to include (in the first two years 384 hours, a total of 1088 hours in four years) and sports activity of science high s chool students was found to include ( in the first 2 years 94, a total of 158 hours in four years). Those who had any disease that could have an effect on their bone mineral density and body compositions were not included in the study. Height and weight w ere measure with standardSecaStadiometre . Body Mass Index (BMI), Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), Body Fat Percentage (BFP), Body Fat Mass (BFM), Fat - Free Body Mass (FBM), Total Body Water (TBW) , which constitute body composition and are accepted as sub parame ters, were measured with Bioelectrical Impedance Analyser (BIA - Tanita BC 418) . Bone densitometry device (DEXA; Hologic Discovery 4500 QDR) was used in the measurements of bone mineral density. SPSS 16.0 was used in the process of the raw data obtained and T - Test was applied for independent samples. Findings : HEIGHT, WEIGHT, BMI, BMR, %BFP, BFM, FBM, TBW measured mean values of the E xperimental group are 171.62±7.078 (cm), 58.88±8.679 (kg), 19.89±1.745 (kg/m²), 3435.6 ± 2660.55 (kcal), 13.64±2.446 (%),8.100± 2.150 (kg), 50.81±7.165 (kg) respectively. HEIGHT, WEIGHT, BMI, BMR, %BFP, BFM, FBM, TBW measured mean values of the Control group are 170.21±8.514 (cm), 59.77±9.749 (kg), 19.63±1.439 (kg/m²), 2362.85 ± 2010.71 (kcal), 13.83±2.556 (%), 8.048±1.708 (kg), 5 0.2 45±6.280 (kg), 36.785±4.59 (kg) respectively. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between these means of the variables compared (p>0.05). Yet, a statistically significant difference was found (p

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between conditional parameters ( leg strength, back strength, velocity 30 Mt, flexibility) by measuring some physical (height, body w eight) and physiological (systole, diastole, KAH) characteristics of male football players of Karakopru Belediyespor and Harran University. According to the results obtained from the measurements, mean age was 23, 46±3,50 /years); as a part of physical cha racteristics ,mean height was 176,20±5,10 (cm) and mean body weight was 70,16±5,21 (kg) . As a part of physiological characteristics, mean Systolic Blood Pressure was 123,87±14,23 (mmhg) , mean Diastolic Blood Pressure was 73,60±16,42 (mmhg) and mean Resting Heart Rate was 64,50±10,48 (beats/min ) . As a part of conditional parameters, mean leg strength was 101,83±40,48 (kg), back strength was 75,83±19,43 (kg), flexibility was 34,16±6,65 (cm) and mean velocity in 30 Mt. was 4,15± 0,20 (sec). It was observed that there was a relationship between 30 meters velocity and leg strength parameters (r= - , 407 ). There was no relationship between 30 meters velocity and back strength parameters (r=, 429); and between 30 meters velocity and flexibility param eters (r=, 659) . As a result, while the relationship between velocity and back strength values of the amateur football players was not significant (p>0.05) ; the relationship between velocity and leg strength values was found to be significant (p