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5 results on '"Insulinemic"'

1. High-Amylose Wheat Lowers the Postprandial Glycemic Response to Bread in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.

Author

Belobrajdic, Damien P, Regina, Ahmed, Klingner, Bradley, Zajac, Ian, Chapron, Sophie, Berbezy, Pierre, and Bird, Anthony R

Subjects
*RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *BREAD, *WHEAT, *CLINICAL trial registries, *BODY mass index, *TYPE 2 diabetes
Abstract

Background: Conventional wheat-based foods contain high concentrations of readily digestible starch that commonly give these foods a high postprandial glycemic response and may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine if bread made from high-amylose wheat (HAW) and enriched in resistant starch dampens postprandial glycemia compared with bread made from conventional low-amylose wheat (LAW).Methods: This single-center, randomized, double-blinded, crossover controlled study involved 7 consecutive weekly visits. On separate mornings, 20 healthy nondiabetic men and women (mean age 30 ± 3 y; body mass index 23 ± 0.7 kg/m2) consumed a glucose beverage or 4 different breads (each 121 g); LAW-R (refined), LAW-W (wholemeal), HAW-R, or HAW-W. The starch contents of the LAW and HAW breads were 24% and 74% amylose, respectively. Venous blood samples were collected at regular intervals before and for 3 h after the breakfast meal to measure plasma glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and incretin hormone concentrations, and the incremental area under the curve (AUC) was calculated (mmol/L × 3 h). Satiety and cravings were also measured at 30-min intervals during the postprandial period.Results: HAW breads had a glycemic response (AUC) that was 39% less than that achieved with conventional wheat breads (HAW 39 ± 5 mmol/L × 3 h; LAW 64 ± 5 mmol/L × 3 h; P < 0.0001). Insulinemic and incretin responses were 24-30% less for HAW breads than for LAW breads (P < 0.05). Processing of the flour (wholemeal or refined) did not affect the glycemic, insulinemic, or incretin response. The HAW breads did not influence plasma ghrelin, or subjective measures of satiety or cravings during the postprandial period.Conclusions: Replacing LAW with HAW flour may be an effective strategy for lowering postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses to bread in healthy men and women, but further research is warranted. This trial was registered at the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12616001289404. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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2. Cytokine, glycemic, and insulinemic responses to an acute bout of games-based activity in adolescents

Author

Dring, KJ, Cooper, SB, Morris, JG, Sunderland, C, Foulds, GA, Pockley, AG, and Nevill, ME

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, insulinemic, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Games, Recreational, Heart Rate, Endurance training, cardio‐metabolic health, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, adolescents, games‐based activity, Child, Exercise, Meals, Morning, Glycemic, Inflammation, Meal, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Repeated measures design, Original Articles, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Crossover study, glycemic, Cytokine, Anesthesia, Cytokines, Female, Original Article, Insulin Resistance, business
Abstract

An acute bout of endurance exercise in adults stimulates a same‐day anti‐inflammatory response which may affect low‐grade chronic inflammation and insulin resistance and benefit cardio‐metabolic health. The anti‐inflammatory responses to intermittent games‐based exercise and to exercise in young people beyond 2 hours post‐exercise are unknown. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to examine the anti‐inflammatory, glycemic and insulinemic response to games‐based activity in adolescents. Following ethical approval and familiarization, 39 adolescents (12.3 ± 0.7 years) completed an exercise (E) and rested (R) trial in a counterbalanced, randomized crossover design. Following a standardized breakfast, participants completed 1‐hour games‐based activity. Capillary blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately and 1 hour post‐exercise, and 30, 60 and 120 minutes following a standardized lunch. A final blood sample was taken the next morning. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. IL‐6 concentration was higher on day one of the exercise trial (E:3.4 ± 0.4, R:2.7 ± 0.4 pg/mL; P = 0.006), as was the anti‐inflammatory IL‐6:TNF‐α ratio (E:5.53 ± 0.93, R:3.75 ± 0.45; P = 0.027). Levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 increased on day two of the exercise trial (E:2.11 ± 0.23, R:1.66 ± 0.16 pg/mL; P = 0.032). Insulin sensitivity was enhanced on the exercise trial with a reduction in iAUC following the standardized lunch (E:2310 ± 834, R:3122 ± 1443 mU/L × 120 minutes; P

Published
2019

3. Effects of carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine in recovery period on the subsequent performance in wrestlers

Author

Jang Tsong-Rong, Wu Ching-Lin, Chang Chai-Ming, Hung Wei, Fang Shih-Hua, and Chang Chen-Kang

Subjects
high-intensity intermittent exercise, insulinemic, exercise performance, exercise recovery, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Sports medicine, RC1200-1245
Abstract

Abstract Many athletes need to participate in multiple events in a single day. The efficient post-exercise glycogen recovery may be critical for the performance in subsequent exercise. This study examined whether post-exercise carbohydrate supplementation could restore the performance in the subsequent simulated wrestling match. The effect of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on glucose disposal and performance was also investigated. Nine well-trained male wrestlers participated in 3 trials in a random order. Each trial contained 3 matches with a 1-hr rest between match 1 and 2, and a 2-hr rest between match 2 and 3. Each match contained 3 exercise periods interspersed with 1-min rests. The subjects alternated 10-s all-out sprints and 20-s rests in each exercise period. At the end of match 2, 3 different supplementations were consumed: 1.2 g/kg glucose (CHO trial), 1 g/kg glucose + 0.1 g/kg Arg + 0.1 g/kg BCAA (CHO+AA trial), or water (placebo trial). The peak and average power in the 3 matches was similar in the 3 trials. After the supplementation, CHO and CHO+AA trial showed significantly higher glucose and insulin, and lower glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations than the placebo trial. There was no significant difference in these biochemical parameters between the CHO and CHO+AA trials. Supplementation of carbohydrate with or without BCAA and arginine during the post-match period had no effect on the performance in the following simulated match in wrestlers. In addition, BCAA and arginine did not provide additional insulinemic effect.

Published
2011
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4. Low Starch/Low Dairy Diet Results in Successful Treatment of Obesity and Co- Morbidities Linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Author

Jennifer L. Phy, Kitty S. Harris, Julian E. Spallholz, Abbey B. Berenson, Jamie A. Cooper, Phillip Watkins, Ali M. Pohlmeier, and Mallory Boylan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Insulinemic, Article, Hyperinsulinemia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Weight loss, Internal medicine, Insulinogenic, Weight Loss, PCOS, medicine, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Insulin, medicine.disease, Polycystic ovary, Obesity, Diet, 3. Good health, Postprandial, Endocrinology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 15% of reproductive-age women and increases risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer and infertility. Hyperinsulinemia is believed to contribute to or worsen all of these conditions, and increases androgens in women with PCOS. Carbohydrates are the main stimulators of insulin release, but research shows that dairy products and starches elicit greater postprandial insulin secretion than non-starchy vegetables and fruits. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet results in weight loss, increased insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone in women with PCOS. Methods: Prospective 8-week dietary intervention using an ad libitum low starch/low dairy diet in 24 overweight and obese women (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and ≤45 kg/m2) with PCOS. Diagnosis of PCOS was based on the Rotterdam criteria. Weight, BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), fasting and 2-hour glucose and insulin, homeostasis model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HbA1c, total and free testosterone, and Ferriman-Gallwey scores were measured before and after the 8-week intervention. Results: There was a reduction in weight (-8.61 ± 2.34 kg, p

Published
2015

5. Effects of carbohydrate, branched-chain amino acids, and arginine in recovery period on the subsequent performance in wrestlers

Author

Chai-Ming Chang, Tsong-Rong Jang, Wei Hung, Ching Lin Wu, Shih-Hua Fang, and Chen-Kang Chang

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Arginine, medicine.medical_treatment, insulinemic, exercise performance, lcsh:TX341-641, Clinical nutrition, Placebo, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, medicine, lcsh:Sports medicine, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nutrition and Dietetics, Glycogen, business.industry, Insulin, exercise recovery, Fatty acid, Carbohydrate, Amino acid, Endocrinology, chemistry, Biochemistry, lcsh:RC1200-1245, business, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, high-intensity intermittent exercise, Research Article, Food Science
Abstract

Many athletes need to participate in multiple events in a single day. The efficient post-exercise glycogen recovery may be critical for the performance in subsequent exercise. This study examined whether post-exercise carbohydrate supplementation could restore the performance in the subsequent simulated wrestling match. The effect of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on glucose disposal and performance was also investigated. Nine well-trained male wrestlers participated in 3 trials in a random order. Each trial contained 3 matches with a 1-hr rest between match 1 and 2, and a 2-hr rest between match 2 and 3. Each match contained 3 exercise periods interspersed with 1-min rests. The subjects alternated 10-s all-out sprints and 20-s rests in each exercise period. At the end of match 2, 3 different supplementations were consumed: 1.2 g/kg glucose (CHO trial), 1 g/kg glucose + 0.1 g/kg Arg + 0.1 g/kg BCAA (CHO+AA trial), or water (placebo trial). The peak and average power in the 3 matches was similar in the 3 trials. After the supplementation, CHO and CHO+AA trial showed significantly higher glucose and insulin, and lower glycerol and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations than the placebo trial. There was no significant difference in these biochemical parameters between the CHO and CHO+AA trials. Supplementation of carbohydrate with or without BCAA and arginine during the post-match period had no effect on the performance in the following simulated match in wrestlers. In addition, BCAA and arginine did not provide additional insulinemic effect.

Published
2011

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