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When interactions overcome disorder, integer quantum Hall plateaus support topological phases with different bulk insulators. In the center of the $\nu=1$ plateau the bulk is an Anderson-type insulator, while in the flanks of the plateau the bulk is the integer quantum Hall Wigner solid. We find that the activation energy along the $\nu=1$ plateau exhibits a very dramatic non-monotonic dependence on the magnetic field, a dependence that is strongly correlated with the stability regions of the two phases. Furthermore, the activation energy has an unexpected minimum at the boundary between the Anderson insulator and the Wigner solid. Our findings constrain the theory of the integer quantum Hall Wigner solid, determine its thermodynamic properties, and reveal novel behavior at the boundary between the Anderson insulator and the Wigner solid.

The composite fermion theory opened a new chapter in understanding many-body correlations through the formation of emergent particles. The formation of two-flux and four-flux composite fermions is well established. While there are limited data linked to the formation of six-flux composite fermions, topological protection associated with them is conspicuously lacking. Here we report evidence for the formation of a quantized and gapped fractional quantum Hall state at the filling factor $\nu=9/11$, which we associate with the formation of six-flux composite fermions. Our result provides evidence for the most intricate composite fermion with six fluxes and expands the already diverse family of highly correlated topological phases with a new member that cannot be characterized by correlations present in other known members. Our observations pave the way towards the study of higher order correlations in the fractional quantum Hall regime.

Strong interactions and topology drive a wide variety of correlated ground states. Some of the most interesting of these ground states, such as fractional quantum Hall states and fractional Chern insulators, have fractionally charged quasiparticles. Correlations in these phases are captured by the binding of electrons and vortices into emergent particles called composite fermions. Composite fermion quasiparticles are randomly localized at high levels of disorder and may exhibit charge order when there is not too much disorder in the system. However, more complex correlations were predicted when composite fermion quasiparticles cluster into a bubble, then these bubbles order on a lattice. Such a highly correlated ground state was termed the bubble phase of composite fermions. Here we report the observation of this bubble phase of composite fermions, evidenced by the reentrance of the fractional quantum Hall effect. We associate this reentrance with a bubble phase with two composite fermion quasiparticles per bubble. Our results demonstrate the existence of a new class of strongly correlated topological phases driven by clustering and charge ordering of emergent quasiparticles.

We report complex magnetotransport patterns of the $\nu=1$ integer quantum Hall state in a GaAs/AlGaAs sample from the newest generation with a record high electron mobility. The reentrant integer quantum Hall effect in the flanks of the $\nu=1$ plateau indicates the formation of the integer quantum Hall Wigner solid, a collective insulator. Moreover, at a fixed filling factor, the longitudinal resistance versus temperature in the region of the integer quantum Hall Wigner solid exhibits a sharp peak. Such sharp peaks in the longitudinal resistance versus temperature so far were only detected for bubble phases forming in high Landau levels but were absent in the region of the Anderson insulator. We suggest that in samples of sufficiently low disorder sharp peaks in the longitudinal resistance versus temperature traces are universal transport signatures of all isotropic electron solids that form in the flanks of integer quantum Hall plateaus. We discuss possible origins of these sharp resistance peaks and we draw a stability diagram for the insulating phases in the $\nu$-$T$ phase space.

Atomic rearrangements within crystals lie at the foundation of electron-phonon-coupled phenomena such as metal-insulator transition and superconductivity. Advanced laser-pump-probe studies have recently focused on various charge-density-wave (CDW) materials to sharpen our understanding of the charge-lattice entanglement, where non-thermal melting of the CDW state is evident from the enhanced Bragg diffraction peak intensities - attributed to the dominance of the metal-atom dynamics over the nonmetal-anion one. Here using ultrafast MeV electron diffraction on the prototypical CDW material 1T-TaSeTe, we observe an unusual coexistence of systematically enhanced and suppressed Bragg peak intensities upon the CDW suppression, indicating a dominance of nonmetal-anion dynamics during photoexcitation. By tracking these atomic trajectories quantitatively through the ultrafast process, we identify a transient state that manifests itself as an unexpected decoupling of the Ta and Se/Te sublattices. These findings unambiguously unveil a new kind of laser manipulations of lattice order parameters, which has potentials in creating new quantum states and discerning hidden phases such as intra-unit-cell orders., Comment: Main text has 11 pages with 4 figures. Supplementary Information has 19 pages with 9 figures and 2 tables