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When traffic congestion caused by accidents occurs on urban roads, the current signal control scheme may face failure. It is necessary to establish an effective dynamic route guidance scheme and formulate a reasonable signal timing scheme to alleviate the impact of the accident on urban traffic. In this paper, traffic congestion is divided into three states and the traffic evacuation strategies are formulated, respectively. Then, on the basis of analyzing the internal mechanism and spatiotemporal variation of queuing at intersections, a two-stage model is proposed to optimize the signal timing parameters. In the first stage, the basic timing parameters of each intersection, such as signal cycle and green ratio, are obtained. In the second stage, the offset optimization model is constructed to minimize the total delay time of the coordinated phase of all detour routes in the control scope, considering the early dissipation of queuing vehicles at the entrance of the intersection. This model is solved with a particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated to the actual road network with VISSIM. As the experimental results show, this control method can greatly reduce the average vehicle delay, stop times, queue length, and the number of vehicles passing., Author(s): He Zhang [1]; Shanshan Guo (corresponding author) [1]; Xuzhi Long [1]; Yuanyuan Hao [1] 1. Introduction With the rapid development of China's national economy and urbanization, the demand for [...]

The biosynthesis of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in plant secondary cell walls (SCWs) is regulated by a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network. This network features orthologous transcription factors shared between poplar and Arabidopsis, highlighting a foundational similarity in their genetic regulation. However, knowledge on the discrepant behavior of the transcriptional‐level molecular regulatory mechanisms between poplar and Arabidopsis remains limited. In this study, we investigated the function of PagMYB128 during wood formation and found it had broader impacts on SCW formation compared to its Arabidopsis ortholog, AtMYB103. Transgenic poplar trees overexpressing PagMYB128 exhibited significantly enhanced xylem development, with fiber cells and vessels displaying thicker walls, and an increase in the levels of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in the wood. In contrast, plants with dominant repression of PagMYB128 demonstrated the opposite phenotypes. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription – quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PagMYB128 could activate SCW biosynthetic gene expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation along with yeast one‐hybrid, and effector–reporter assays showed this regulation was direct. Further analysis revealed that PagSND1 (SECONDARY WALL‐ASSOCIATED NAC‐DOMAIN PROTEIN1) directly regulates PagMYB128 but not cell wall metabolic genes, highlighting the pivotal role of PagMYB128 in the SND1‐driven regulatory network for wood development, thereby creating a feedforward loop in SCW biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Patients affected by functional mitral regurgitation represent an increasingly high‐risk population. Edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair (TEER) has emerged as a promising treatment option for these patients. However, there is limited research on the comparative outcomes of TEER versus surgical mitral valve repair (SMVr). This study seeks to compare the demographics, complications, and outcomes of TEER and SMVr based on a real‐world analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Methods and Results: In the NIS database, from the years 2016 to 2018, a total of 6233 and 2524 patients who underwent SMVr and TEER were selected, respectively. The mean ages of the patients were 65.68 years (SMVr) and 78.40 years (TEER) (p < 0.01). The mortality rate of patients who received SMVr was similar to that of patients who were treated with TEER (1.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.603). Patients who underwent SMVr more likely suffered from perioperative complications including cardiogenic shock (2.3% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001), cardiac arrest (1.7% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.025), and cerebrovascular infarction (0.9% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.013). The average length of hospital stay was longer (8.59 vs. 4.13 days, p < 0.001) for SMVr compared to TEER; however, the average cost of treatment was higher ($218 728.25 vs. $215 071.74, p = 0.031) for TEER compared to SMVr. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that SMVr was associated with worse adjusted cardiogenic shock (OR, 7.347 [95% CI, 3.574−15.105]; p < 0.01) and acute kidney injury (OR, 2.793 [95% CI, 2.356−3.311]; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients who underwent TEER demonstrated a notable decrease in postoperative complications and a shorter hospitalization period when compared to those who underwent SMVr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An application method for working ship crossing safely is proposed to determine how to make navigation scheme at a certain time. This method makes it possible for decision makers to make reasonable judgments at different times. In this paper, the position relationship between working ship and navigation vessel in waterway is analysed by considering the ship size, hydrological conditions of waterway, ship arrival model and ship navigation trajectory. Using genetic algorithm, the operation scheme of keeping a safe distance between the working ship and the vessel in the channel is solved by taking the speed and direction of the working ship as genetic factors. By analysing the crossing scheme at each starting time in a given time range, the optimal crossing scheme with the farthest distance between the working ship and the vessels in the channel is obtained. According to the measured data, the simulation is carried out with MATLAB to verify the model of working ship crossing channel. The results show that it is safe and reliable to choose the navigation scheme proposed in this paper, which has strong application value.

In addition to increasing grain yield, improving rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality has received increasing attention recently. The cooking and eating quality (CEQ) is an important indicator of rice quality. Chalkiness and floury endosperm have a significant impact on the CEQ of rice, resulting in noticeable changes. Due to the easily observable phenotype of floury endosperm, cloning single gene mutations that cause floury endosperm and indirectly evaluating changes in CEQs facilitates the exploration of minor genes controlling CEQ. In this study, a stable genetic allele variant of flo4, named flo4-7, was obtained through EMS mutagenesis. The flo4-7 allele variant carries the cyOsPPDKB mutation. flo4-7 showed a significant reduction in compound starch granules and a significant increase in single starch granules in endosperm cells, indicating the involvement of cyOsPPDKB in the synthesis of endosperm starch. Additionally, flo4-7 exhibited a significant decrease in gel consistency (GC) compared to the wild type. Through the analysis of GC data from 166 rice germplasm resources, a C-T variation in the 18th exon of cyOsPPDKB was found to be a crucial site, causing a significant difference in GC between indica and japonica rice. This locus can be used in the future to develop molecular markers for molecular marker-assisted breeding. This study provides a good research foundation for improving the CEQ of rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]