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Although we are currently experiencing extensive development in the field of medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, and perinatology, reproductive losses and the prevalence of infertility are quite high. The objective of eliminating the causes of the problem is to study the peculiarities of the reproductive system of girls in the different regions of Armenia.

The educational services available for fully included middle schoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the general education setting in the United States are not well known. Even less is known about how the executive functioning (EF) deficits of such youth are addressed in the classroom. The current study sought to identify the challenges, including EF, that middle schoolers with ASD face, determine the services that they receive on their Individualized Education Program (IEP), and also explore specific strategies used to build EF skills at school. A convenience data sample was obtained from focus groups with educational personnel ( n = 15), and qualitative analyses of IEPs were conducted in middle schoolers with ASD with EF deficits ( n = 23). Results confirmed that social communication and EF challenges are common. Multiple services and accommodations were identified, although EF challenges were rarely targeted on IEPs. Factors that may facilitate the success of EF strategies in the classroom are discussed.

The influence of geographic factors on the society as well as on different social realities had special importance within the whole history of social-philosophical thought. From this perspective, the theory of geographic determinism has emerged as the most essential conception. The supporters of this theory paid special attention to the geographic factors demonstrating and underlining the importance of their place and role in the process of formation and development of various social phenomena. This article mainly focuses on the place and role of military geography in the study, organization, and modeling of social processes.

Aedes japonicus japonicus continues to spread westward and in this study, its presence is documented in 8 counties in Nebraska and in Bowie County, TX. In 1998, Ae. japonicus was collected in Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York for the 1st records of this species in North America. Except for Louisiana, it has been reported from all states that border or are east of the Mississippi River. In Canada, it has been reported in Ontario and all eastern provinces. In the Pacific Northwest, it has been reported in Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia, and in the midwestern states that do not border the Mississippi River, Kansas, Oklahoma, and South Dakota are the only states to have reported its presence in peer-reviewed journals.

AI är en allt mer förekommande teknologi och är idag en central faktor för utforskandet av nya tillvägagångssätt. Detta har lett till att AI allt mer inkorporeras i designprocesser där diverse AI-system vuxit fram för att stödja dessa. Syftet med användarstudien är att undersöka hur samskapandet med det generativa AI-prototypverktyget Uizard upplevs och eventuellt kan stödja yrkesverksamma UX-designers under deras prototypande. För att studera UX-designers upplevelser genomfördes en kvalitativ användarstudie som bestod av en uppgiftsbeskrivning där fem UX-designers fick testa verktygets tre AI-funktioner Scan Wireframe Sketch, Smart Themes och Text Assistent. Därefter utfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer och en tematisk analys för att identifiera deltagarnas upplevda användbarhet, attityd samt acceptans av AI utifrån det teoretiska ramverket Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Resultatet för studien visar hur samskapandet med Uizard ger upphov till tidseffektivitet och stödjer idégenerering samt kommunikation i deltagarnas yrkesliv till olika ändamål. Dock identifierades även kritiska upplevelser med AI-funktionernas inkonsekventa och ofullständiga beteende samt hur en bredare acceptans för AI-funktionerna kan utvecklas om de ytterligare kunde anpassas till UX-designers olika branscher. AI is an increasingly common technology and is today a central factor in the exploration of new approaches. This has led to AI being increasingly incorporated into design processes, where various AI systems have emerged to support these. The purpose of the user study is to investigate how co-creation with the generative AI prototyping tool Uizard is perceived and how it potentially can support professional UX designers during their prototyping. To study UX designers' experiences, a qualitative user study was conducted consisting of a task description where five UX-designers were given the opportunity to test the three AI functions of the tool: Scan Wireframe Sketch, Smart Themes, and Text Assistant. Semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis were then conducted to identify the participants' perceived usability, attitude, and acceptance of AI according to the theoretical framework Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The findings of the study show how co-creation with Uizard leads to time efficiency and enhances idea generation and communication in the participants' professional lives for various purposes. However, critical experiences with the inconsistent and incomplete behavior of the AI functions were also identified, and how a wider acceptance of the AI functions could be developed if they could be further adapted to the UX designers' various industries.

On August 27, 2019, Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were identified in a neighborhood located in York, NE, through routine arboviral surveillance. Expanded surveillance using traps and morphologic identification revealed 118 adult Ae. aegypti throughout the adjacent neighborhood, including identification from larval sampling. Our findings describe the first recorded Ae. aegypti introduction in Nebraska and provide evidence of a breeding mosquito population, which suggests suitable habitat and the risk of potential establishment, raising concerns about prevention of arboviral diseases in Nebraska.

We used monthly precipitation and temperature data to give early warning of years with higher West Nile Virus (WNV) risk in Nebraska. We used generalized additive models with a negative binomial distribution and smoothing curves to identify combinations of extremes and timing that had the most influence, experimenting with all combinations of temperature and drought data, lagged by 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months. We fit models on data from 2002 through 2011, used Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) to select the best‐fitting model, and used 2012 as out‐of‐sample data for prediction, and repeated this process for each successive year, ending with fitting models on 2002–2017 data and using 2018 for out‐of‐sample prediction. We found that warm temperatures and a dry year preceded by a wet year were the strongest predictors of cases of WNV. Our models did significantly better than random chance and better than an annual persistence naïve model at predicting which counties would have cases. Exploring different scenarios, the model predicted that without drought, there would have been 26% fewer cases of WNV in Nebraska through 2018; without warm temperatures, 29% fewer; and with neither drought nor warmth, 45% fewer. This method for assessing the influence of different combinations of extremes at different time intervals is likely applicable to diseases other than West Nile, and to other annual outcome variables such as crop yield., Key Points A dry year preceded by a wet year in combination with warm temperatures increases the number of human cases of West Nile Virus in NebraskaWe found that drought accounted for 26% of WNV cases 2002–2018, and drought and temperature together accounted for 45% of cases

Rationale: Lymphatic vessels function to drain interstitial fluid from a variety of tissues. Although shear stress generated by fluid flow is known to trigger lymphatic expansion and remodeling, the molecular basis underlying flow-induced lymphatic growth is unknown. Objective: We aimed to gain a better understanding of the mechanism by which laminar shear stress activates lymphatic proliferation. Methods and Results: Primary endothelial cells from dermal blood and lymphatic vessels (blood vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells [LECs]) were exposed to low-rate steady laminar flow. Shear stress–induced molecular and cellular responses were defined and verified using various mutant mouse models. Steady laminar flow induced the classic shear stress responses commonly in blood vascular endothelial cells and LECs. Surprisingly, however, only LECs showed enhanced cell proliferation by regulating the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, FGFR3, and p57/CDKN1C genes. As an early signal mediator, ORAI1, a pore subunit of the calcium release–activated calcium channel, was identified to induce the shear stress phenotypes and cell proliferation in LECs responding to the fluid flow. Mechanistically, ORAI1 induced upregulation of Krüppel-like factor (KLF)-2 and KLF4 in the flow-activated LECs, and the 2 KLF proteins cooperate to regulate VEGF-A, VEGF-C, FGFR3, and p57 by binding to the regulatory regions of the genes. Consistently, freshly isolated LECs from Orai1 knockout embryos displayed reduced expression of KLF2, KLF4, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and FGFR3 and elevated expression of p57. Accordingly, mouse embryos deficient in Orai1 , Klf2 , or Klf4 showed a significantly reduced lymphatic density and impaired lymphatic development. Conclusions: Our study identified a molecular mechanism for laminar flow–activated LEC proliferation.

Background In collaboration with state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments, CDC established the U.S. Zika Pregnancy Registry (USZPR) in early 2016 to monitor pregnant women with laboratory evidence of possible recent Zika virus infection and their infants. Methods This report includes an analysis of completed pregnancies (which include live births and pregnancy losses, regardless of gestational age) in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia (DC) with laboratory evidence of possible recent Zika virus infection reported to the USZPR from January 15 to December 27, 2016. Birth defects potentially associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy include brain abnormalities and/or microcephaly, eye abnormalities, other consequences of central nervous system dysfunction, and neural tube defects and other early brain malformations. Results During the analysis period, 1,297 pregnant women in 44 states were reported to the USZPR. Zika virus-associated birth defects were reported for 51 (5%) of the 972 fetuses/infants from completed pregnancies with laboratory evidence of possible recent Zika virus infection (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4%-7%); the proportion was higher when restricted to pregnancies with laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection (24/250 completed pregnancies [10%, 95% CI = 7%-14%]). Birth defects were reported in 15% (95% CI = 8%-26%) of fetuses/infants of completed pregnancies with confirmed Zika virus infection in the first trimester. Among 895 liveborn infants from pregnancies with possible recent Zika virus infection, postnatal neuroimaging was reported for 221 (25%), and Zika virus testing of at least one infant specimen was reported for 585 (65%). Conclusions and implications for public health practice These findings highlight why pregnant women should avoid Zika virus exposure. Because the full clinical spectrum of congenital Zika virus infection is not yet known, all infants born to women with laboratory evidence of possible recent Zika virus infection during pregnancy should receive postnatal neuroimaging and Zika virus testing in addition to a comprehensive newborn physical exam and hearing screen. Identification and follow-up care of infants born to women with laboratory evidence of possible recent Zika virus infection during pregnancy and infants with possible congenital Zika virus infection can ensure that appropriate clinical services are available.

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationships between Kruppel-like factors (KLF) 2 and 4, immune-activation, and subclinical vascular disease in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS We studied 74 HIV-infected adults on ART enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of statin therapy. KLF2 and KLF4 gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at baseline and after 24 weeks of 10 mg daily rosuvastatin or placebo. At the same time points, T-cell and monocyte activation were assessed by flow cytometry and vascular health was assessed by cardiac computed tomography and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with duration of ART (r = -0.351, P = 0.004) and positively correlated with measures of immune activation: proinflammatory monocytes [CD14CD16 (r = 0.343, P = 0.003)], patrolling monocytes [CD14CD16 (r = 0.276, P = 0.017)], and activated CD8 T-lymphocytes [CD8DRCD38 (r = 0.264, P = 0.023)]. KLF2 expression was negatively correlated with subclinical atherosclerosis: mean-mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness (r = -0.231, P = 0.048), mean-max carotid artery intima-media thickness (r = -0.271, P = 0.020), and coronary artery calcium score (r = -0.254, P = 0.029). There were no statistically significant changes in KLF2/4 expression in PBMCs after 24 weeks of rosuvastatin. CONCLUSION Expression of KLF4 in PBMCs positively correlates with cellular markers of immune activation, whereas KLF2 expression negatively correlates with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in this HIV-infected population on ART. Additional studies are needed to determine if targeted interventions might alter KLF2/4 expression to reduce inflammation and vascular risk in humans.

This study describes the design process and implementation of video media in learning the electrical and electronic measuring instruments principles.The purpose of making this media to improve students understanding of the principles of electrical and electronic measuring instruments, include teaching materials about the gauge multimeters, the voltmeter and amperemeter. Research procedure followed the steps of research and development. Data collection was done by assigning kuersioner and structured interviews. The results showed that the learning conditions is still conventional, the use of video-based learning media has been tested and positive impact on student responses and help students and teachers in the learning process. The implication is expected to have an impact on teachers increased innovation in the use of instructional media.

Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor expressed in the vascular endothelium, where it promotes anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant states, and increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. We examined the role of endothelial KLF4 in pulmonary arterial (PA) hypertension (PAH). Mice with endothelial KLF4 knockdown were exposed to hypoxia for 3 weeks, followed by measurement of right ventricular and PA pressures, pulmonary vascular muscularization, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The effect of KLF4 on target gene expression was assessed in lungs from these mice, verified in vitro by small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of KLF4, and further studied at the promoter level with cotransfection experiments. KLF4 expression was measured in lung tissue from patients with PAH and normal control subjects. We found that, after hypoxia, right ventricular and PA pressures were significantly higher in KLF4 knockdown animals than controls. Knockdown animals also had more severe pulmonary vascular muscularization and right ventricular hypertrophy. KLF4 knockdown resulted in increased pulmonary expression of endothelin-1 and decreased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endothelin receptor subtype B, and prostacyclin synthase. Concordant findings were observed in vitro, both with siRNA knockdown of KLF4 and promoter activity assays. Finally, KLF4 expression was reduced in lungs from patients with PAH. In conclusion, endothelial KLF4 regulates the transcription of genes involved in key pathways implicated in PAH, and its loss exacerbates pulmonary hypertension in response to chronic hypoxia in mice. These results introduce a novel transcriptional modulator of PAH, with the potential of becoming a new therapeutic target.

Loss of protein and organelle quality control secondary to reduced autophagy is a hallmark of aging. However, the physiologic and molecular regulation of autophagy in long-lived organisms remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors are important regulators of autophagy and healthspan in C. elegans, and also modulate mammalian vascular age-associated phenotypes. Kruppel-like family of transcription factor deficiency attenuates autophagy and lifespan extension across mechanistically distinct longevity nematode models. Conversely, Kruppel-like family of transcription factor overexpression extends nematode lifespan in an autophagy-dependent manner. Furthermore, we show the mammalian vascular factor Kruppel-like family of transcription factor 4 has a conserved role in augmenting autophagy and improving vessel function in aged mice. Kruppel-like family of transcription factor 4 expression also decreases with age in human vascular endothelium. Thus, Kruppel-like family of transcription factors constitute a transcriptional regulatory point for the modulation of autophagy and longevity in C. elegans with conserved effects in the murine vasculature and potential implications for mammalian vascular aging., KLF family transcription factors (KLFs) regulate many cellular processes, including proliferation, survival and stress responses. Here, the authors position KLFs as important regulators of autophagy and lifespan in C. elegans, a role that may extend to the modulation of age-associated vascular phenotypes in mammals.